International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization最新文献

{"title":"Impact of cellulose supramolecular structure on its carboxymethylation reaction activity","authors":"Sherzod Yuldoshov ,&nbsp;Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich ,&nbsp;Goyibnazarov Ilkhom Shukhratóǵli ,&nbsp;Sarymsakov Abdushkur Abdukhalilovich ,&nbsp;Guohua Jiang ,&nbsp;Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim ,&nbsp;Hou-Yong Yu ,&nbsp;Yi Wan ,&nbsp;Kudratkhojaeva Madina Abdugoffor qizi","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reaction activity of cellulose samples is determined according to their supramolecular structure, especially the degree of crystallinity and degree of polymerization. The carboxymethylation reaction kinetics of cotton cellulose (CC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and powder cellulose (PC), with different degrees of crystallinity and degree of polymerization, were studied by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium. In the row of CC, MCC, and PC with different supramolecular structures, it was found that with decreasing crystallinity degree of the raw materials, during carboxymethylation by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium, the degree of substitution (DS) of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) increased. In this row, the activation energy values of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 27.79, 18.30, and 10.74 kJ/mol, respectively, by the solid-phase method. Furthermore, the activation energies of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 59.26, 25.20, and 17.59 kJ/mol, respectively, in an ethanol-water solution medium. Decreasing activation energies led to an increase in the reaction activity, which, after CC, MCC, and PC carboxymethylation, the DS of Na-CMC reached 0.63, 0.86, and 0.97, respectively, using the solid-phase method. In an ethanol solution medium, the DS values of Na-CMC reached 0.89, 1.10, and 1.31 after carboxymethylation of the CC, MCC, and PC, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and temperature dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber at different temperatures for vibration damping applications: an experimental study","authors":"Syam Prasad Ammineni ,&nbsp;A. Kiran Kumar ,&nbsp;R. P. Chowdary ,&nbsp;A. Chandrakanth ,&nbsp;Pagidipalli Saidulu","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to evaluate the frequency and temperature-dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) for vibration damping applications. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests were conducted on NR and NBR at low frequencies, from room temperature to 112 °C. The experimental data were fitted using the generalized Maxwell model, and vibration tests were conducted to obtain dynamic properties such as natural frequencies, damping ratio, and quality factor. The loss factor for NR increased significantly above 80 °C, while for NBR, it decreased above 50 °C. At higher temperatures, both NR and NBR exhibited faster relaxation, but NR had a higher loss factor, indicating a better damping ability. The relaxation strength of NR increased above 60 °C, whereas that of NBR decreased, highlighting the differences in their damping abilities. NBR showed greater damping ability at the first natural frequency, while NR performed better at the second and third natural frequencies. According to the experimental findings, NR proves to be better suited for damping in high-temperature conditions, while NBR is more suitable for low-temperature damping applications. The relaxation modulus of NR is lower than that of NBR at lower temperatures, leading to a better damping performance for NR at higher temperatures. The study recommends using NR for high-temperature applications where high damping is required and NBR for low-temperature applications that require moderate damping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 287-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of casein-based rigid polyurethane foam with starch and sepiolite as fillers","authors":"Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Han ,&nbsp;Qihong Guan ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Xie","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Casein-based rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with different ratios of starch and sepiolite were prepared by a one-step process. Thermogravimetric analysis, CONE analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) analysis, vertical combustion analysis, and mechanical property analysis were used to explore the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and compressive properties of the modified RPUFs, respectively. The results showed that the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy (E) of RPUF-C5ST2SE3 (5 g casein, 2 g starch, and 3 g sepiolite) were the highest. Under the condition of radiant flux of 50 kW/m², the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were reduced by 35.92%, 10.83%, 36.67%, and 18.20%, respectively, compared with the RPUF without flame retardant. By analyzing the carbon residue, it was found that RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest carbon residue and its carbon residue morphology was relatively intact. In addition, the RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest LOI and a UL-94 rating of V-0. At the same time, it also had the best mechanical property. The present experimental results can provide a useful reference for future RPUF flame retardant studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 271-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered peptide-based design of intrinsically disordered polymers for biomedical applications","authors":"Orkid Coskuner-Weber ,&nbsp;Fatma Nilsu Cayli ,&nbsp;Vladimir N. Uversky","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the fields of biology and medicine, the development of synthetic polymers that emulate the unique conformational characteristics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is of significant interest due to their exceptional structural and conformational versatility. The inherent flexibility of IDPs, arising from their absence of stable three-dimensional structures, enhances their capacity for self-organization, thereby rendering them advantageous for diverse biomedical applications. Intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers hold considerable promise in areas such as drug delivery systems, organ transplantation, artificial organ design, and immune system compatibility. However, advancing the synthesis and characterization methodologies for these polymers, which are derived from the properties of IDPs, remains a critical challenge. This article presents our design strategies for creating intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers tailored for biomedical use. These design methodologies are informed by the attributes of intrinsically disordered proteins and incorporate disorder-promoting oligopeptides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 315-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and electrochemical properties of NH4SCN-doped almond gum biopolymer electrolytes","authors":"F. Vidhyaranyan ,&nbsp;Venkatesh K ,&nbsp;Jenova I ,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Shunmugavel ,&nbsp;Madeswaran S","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of solid polymer electrolytes based on natural gums represents a promising step toward sustainable energy solutions, driven by their abundance, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and nontoxic nature. This study primarily focused on the fabrication of a solid polymer electrolyte using almond gum (Amygdalus communis) doped with NH₄SCN salt using solution casting method and investigated its impact on ionic conductivity. An ionic conductivity of 1.123 × 10⁻⁴ Scm⁻¹ was attained for the membrane with 40 wt% ammonium thiocyanate. Through XRD and FTIR analysis, the amorphous nature and the interaction of certain functional groups with the salt provided insights into its potential for use in sustainable energy systems. Transference number analysis confirmed the major charge carriers present in the polymer electrolyte.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral characterization of polymer complexes based on poly(3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone) with some ion metals","authors":"Anastasiia Dunaieva ,&nbsp;Andrii Voronkin ,&nbsp;Dmytro Mishurov ,&nbsp;Anatoliy Tatarets ,&nbsp;Alexander Roshal","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449056","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work focuses on investigating the complexation of some Group II metal ions and Al³⁺ with cross-linked polymers containing built-in fragments of 3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin). It has been studied how the formation of the polymer complexes manifests itself in IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectra of polymers. Additionally, the effect of polymer network structure on the spectral parameters of the complexes was analyzed and compared with the complexation of “free” quercetin not bound to the polymer. When a rigid and dense network is formed, metal ions face restricted access to the complexation centers, resulting in a lower concentration of bound metal ions. Moreover, it was found that unlike complexes of “free” quercetin, the complexes of quercetin-containing polymers with Group II ions exhibit extremely weak fluorescence, whereas the polymeric Al³⁺ complexes exhibit significant emission. This finding suggests that quercetin-containing polymers may be promising candidates for use as selective polymeric film indicators for detecting aluminum ions in natural and industrial environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 255-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dimethylamine pyrophosphate on the mechanical, thermal decomposition and flame-retardant properties of rigid polyurethane foams","authors":"Wei-Hua Gu ,&nbsp;Yu Dai ,&nbsp;Yan-Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446597","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To solve the problem of the insufficient flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane (RPUF), a new flame retardant, dimethylamine pyrophosphate (DMPY), was introduced into rigid polyurethane foam, and one-step foaming technology was used to prepare RPUF/DMPY composites. Furthermore, the thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion characteristics, and gas-phase products were analyzed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry (CCT), and thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The flame-retardant measurements revealed that when the DMPY amount exceeded 20 parts, the LOI of the RPUF/DMPY composites increased to above 23%, and all the samples reached the UL-94 V-0 level. In addition, the peak heat release rate and total heat release values of the RPUF-3 composites prepared with RPUF/DMPY were 192.6 kW/m² and 19.98 MJ/m², respectively, which were 35.0% and 29.1% lower than those of the pure RPUF, respectively, and significantly reduced the heat release of the RPUF composites. The analysis of char residue revealed that DMPY can effectively improve the density and graphitization degree of char residue during the combustion process of RPUF/DMPY composites, thereby endowing them with excellent flame-retardant properties. On this basis, the flame-retardant mechanism of the DMPY-based flame retardant RPUF composite material is proposed. This work provides new ideas for the development of new flame retardant PPUF composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 241-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite films with kaolin/bentonite blended clay for packaging applications","authors":"Ravi Purbey ,&nbsp;Dipjyoti Bora ,&nbsp;Chayanika Bharadwaj ,&nbsp;Pubali Chetia ,&nbsp;Koushik Dutta ,&nbsp;Uma Maheswari R ,&nbsp;Jayaramudu Jarugala ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku ,&nbsp;Sellamuthu Periyar Selvam","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2438724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2438724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, <em>Kaolinite clay</em> from the North-East Region (NER) of India was blended with <em>bentonite clay</em> and incorporated into <em>poly(lactic acid) (PLA)</em> at different concentrations of: 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7 weight% (wt%) through the <em>solvent casting method</em>. The resulting films were characterized by using the <em>Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)</em> spectroscopy to investigate the interactions among the various functional groups. The <em>X-ray diffraction (XRD)</em> analysis was performed to determine the composites’ structure and <em>crystallinity</em>, while the <em>thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)</em> was employed to assess the thermal stability of the films. Furthermore, mechanical properties, such as the <em>tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation-at-break</em> (%) were evaluated. The maximum <em>tensile strength</em> of 36.9 MPa was attained for the <em>PLA</em> film blended with 7 wt% of <em>clay</em>. However, the <em>elongation-at-break</em> (%) for this specimen was lower when compared to the neat PLA film. <em>Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)</em> analysis provided insights into the morphology of the poly(lactic acid)–NER <em>kaolinite/bentonite</em> blend <em>clay</em> nanocomposite films, thereby revealing significant aggregation and <em>agglomeration</em> within the specimen containing the 5 wt% of filler. Moreover, the packaging application of the films developed was evaluated to enhance the shelf life of fresh black grapes. The results revealed that the unpackaged grapes experienced spoilage, while those wrapped in the films (PLA-7%) developed and showed no signs of deterioration after the 14 days of storage at room temperature. These findings suggest that the newly developed nanocomposite films could serve as an effective option for fruits packaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 203-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pentaerythritol derived phosphorous based bicyclic polymer on the flammability","authors":"Shikha ,&nbsp;Neelam Yadav","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2445679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2445679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1-oxyphospha-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (PEPA) was synthesized successfully in producing a PEPA-based monomer having an acrylate group and its polymers. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ¹H, and ³¹P spectra were used to establish their structural integrity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the limited oxygen index (LOI), and the UL-94 test were used to examine the thermal characteristics and flame retardant behavior of the systems with 15 wt% of flame retardants (PhosPTPU₁₅, Phosphorous functionalized polymer thermoplastic polyurethane). Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), the results reveal that LOI increases from 19% to 27.8% with the incorporation of 15 wt% PhosPTPU₁₅. SEM-EDX was used to evaluate the morphology of the TPU and its blend, which exhibits that with the incorporation of PhosPTPU₁₅ the blend showed compact morphology and supported the condensed phase mechanism of the blends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 364-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate modeling of nano-enhanced polyethylene glycol thermal conductivity using soft computing methods: application to thermal energy storage","authors":"Xiaona Liu ,&nbsp;Zahraa Sabah Ghnim ,&nbsp;Asha Rajiv ,&nbsp;Anupam Yadav ,&nbsp;Haider Radhi Saud ,&nbsp;Aman Shankhyan ,&nbsp;Sachin Jaidka ,&nbsp;Kamal Kant Joshi ,&nbsp;Ayat Hussein Adhab ,&nbsp;Morug Salih Mahdi ,&nbsp;Aseel Salah Mansoor ,&nbsp;Usama Kadem Radi ,&nbsp;Nasr Saadoun Abd ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Mottaghi ,&nbsp;Raed H. C. Alfilh","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477557","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is considered a renowned polymer with a semi-crystalline composition that, as a phase change material, is ideal for use in applications of heat energy storage. Recent research suggests that PEG’s thermal conductivity can be significantly improved by incorporating nanoparticles. This study focuses on developing various robust machine learning methods like decision trees, adaptive boosting, ensemble learning, K-nearest neighbors, multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and extra trees to accurately assess nano-enhanced PEG thermal conductivity based on PEG molecular weight, temperature, type of nanomaterial, and its concentration. The leverage technique is employed to identify potential outlier data within the collected dataset. Additionally, a sensitivity assessment will be performed to examine the relative impacts of each input parameter on the thermal conductivity. The K-fold cross-validation technique is used in every algorithm to mitigate the overfitting problem during model training. The results indicate that the extra trees (with R² = 0.9368997, MSE = 0.0003628, AARE% = 3.7075695) and decision tree (with R² = 0.9374603, MSE = 0.0003596, AARE% = 3.5759954) models are the most accurate in predicting the thermal conductivity of nano-enhanced PEG. These models achieve the highest coefficient of determination (R²) and the lowest error metrics (MSE and AARE%), highlighting their exceptional capacity to recognize intricate patterns and provide accurate forecasts, particularly for forecasting thermal conductivity. Also, it is implied that temperature, molecular weight of PEG, and nanoparticle concentration all tend to increase the thermal conductivity, with nanoparticle concentration being the most effective factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 457-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}