Arzu Ekinci, Ömer Şahin, Sinan Kutluay, Sabit Horoz, Gurbet Canpolat, Mine Çokyaşa, Orhan Baytar
{"title":"Designing copper-doped zinc oxide nanoparticle by tobacco stem extract-mediated green synthesis for solar cell efficiency and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.","authors":"Arzu Ekinci, Ömer Şahin, Sinan Kutluay, Sabit Horoz, Gurbet Canpolat, Mine Çokyaşa, Orhan Baytar","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379605","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the green synthesis of copper-doped zinc oxide (Cu-doped ZnO) nanoparticles using tobacco stem (TS) extract. The environmentally friendly synthesis method ensures distinct features, high efficiency, and applicability in various fields, particularly in solar cell technology and photocatalytic applications. ZnO nanostructures are investigated due to their unique properties, cost-effectiveness, and broad range of applications. The nanoparticles are synthesized with varying Cu concentrations, and their structural, morphological, and compositional characteristics are thoroughly analyzed. The Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit improved properties, such as increased surface area and reduced particle size, attributed to the incorporation of Cu dopants. The green synthesis approach using TS extract serves as a stabilizing agent and avoids the toxicity associated with chemical methods. Characterization techniques including SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirm the successful synthesis of the nanoparticles. Photocatalytic degradation studies reveal that the 5% Cu-doped ZnO exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity against methylene blue, attributed to synergistic effects between Cu and ZnO, including oxygen vacancy and electron-hole pair recombination rate suppression. The photocatalytic mechanism involves the generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, leading to methylene blue degradation. Furthermore, the Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles demonstrate promising photovoltaic performance, with the optimal efficiency observed at a 5% Cu concentration. The study suggests that Cu-doped ZnO has the potential to enhance solar cell efficiency and could serve as an alternative material in solar cell applications. Future research should focus on refining Cu-doped ZnO for further improvements in solar energy conversion efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2183-2193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esequiel Santos, Fábio Ribeiro Pires, Iasmim Marcella Souza, Tayna Sousa Duque, Irene da Silva Coelho, Karen Caroline Ferreira Santaren, Fernando Barboza Egreja Filho, Robson Bonomo, Amanda Duim Ferreira, Douglas Gomes Viana, José Barbosa Dos Santos
{"title":"Rhizosphere-associated microbiota of <i>Canavalia ensiformis</i> in sulfentrazone bioremediation.","authors":"Esequiel Santos, Fábio Ribeiro Pires, Iasmim Marcella Souza, Tayna Sousa Duque, Irene da Silva Coelho, Karen Caroline Ferreira Santaren, Fernando Barboza Egreja Filho, Robson Bonomo, Amanda Duim Ferreira, Douglas Gomes Viana, José Barbosa Dos Santos","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379603","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of the microbial rhizosphere (<i>Canavalia ensiformis</i>) in the phytoremediation of sulfentrazone using quantification methods (CO2 evolution, microbial biomass carbon, and metabolic quotient) and identification of bacteria (PCR-DGGE technique). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 2x4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments were composed of rhizospheric soil (cultivated with <i>C. ensiformis</i>) and non-rhizosphere soil (uncultivated soil); and four levels of contamination by sulfentrazone (0, 200, 400, and 800 g ha<sup>-1</sup> a.i.). The microbiota associated with the rhizosphere of <i>C. ensiformis</i> efficiently reduced sulfentrazone residues in the soil, with better performance at the dose of 200 g ha<sup>-1</sup> a.i. Using the PCR-DGGE technique allowed the distinction of two profiles of bacteria in the rhizospheric activity of <i>C. ensiformis</i>. The second bacterial profile formed was more efficient in decontaminating soil contaminated with sulfentrazone residue. The microbiota associated with the rhizosphere of <i>C. ensiformis</i> has an efficient profile in decontaminating soils with residues equivalent to 200 g ha<sup>-1</sup> a.i. the herbicide sulfentrazone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2175-2182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Ernesto de Andrade Rêgo Júnior, Edivan Rodrigues de Souza, Monaliza Alves Dos Santos, Lucas Yago de Carvalho Leal, Cíntia Maria Teixeira Lins, Ênio Farias de França E Silva, Martha Katharinne Silva Souza Paulino
{"title":"Nutritional management and physiological responses of <i>Atriplex nummularia</i> Lindl. on the improvement of phytoextraction in salt-affected soil.","authors":"Francisco Ernesto de Andrade Rêgo Júnior, Edivan Rodrigues de Souza, Monaliza Alves Dos Santos, Lucas Yago de Carvalho Leal, Cíntia Maria Teixeira Lins, Ênio Farias de França E Silva, Martha Katharinne Silva Souza Paulino","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379608","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2379608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinity is a significant abiotic stress and poses risks to environmental sustainability. Thus, the improvement of the time for recovering the salt-affect soil is crucial for the phytoextraction process using halophytes plants, especially regarding on nutritional management. We evaluated the responses of <i>Atriplex nummularia</i> Lindl. to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) under different salinity levels. The treatments comprised doses of N (N1 = 80 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and P (P1 = 60 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>): (1) without N and P (N0P0) (control); (2) with N and without P (N1P0); (3) without N and with P (N0P1); and (4) with N and P (N1P1) and five levels of electrical conductivity from irrigation water: 0.08, 1.7, 4.8, 8.6, and 12.5 dS m<sup>-1</sup>. The. We evaluated dry biomass of leaves, stems, and roots 93 days after transplantation. We also assessed the leaf and osmotic water potential, the osmotic adjustment, and the nutrient contents (N, P, Na, and K). N application increased 22.3, 17.8, and 32.8% the leaf biomass, stem biomass, and osmotic adjustment, respectively; and consequently, boosts Na extraction in 27.8%. Thus, the time of the phytoextraction process can be improved with N fertilizer at a rate of 80 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2194-2205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative study of pb(II) and cr(VI) removal using Cassava peel (<i>Manihot Esculenta</i> Crantz).","authors":"Rahmiana Zein, Deswati Deswati, Syiffa Fauzia, Nanda Farel Pisya","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2372851","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2372851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated the capability of cassava peel (<i>Manihot Esculenta Crantz</i>) in Pb(II) and Cr(VI) removal. The comparative study was conducted using batch method observing some parameters. The results indicated that the optimum adsorption of Pb(II) occurred at pH 5, initial concentration of 1000 mg/L, and contact time of 50 min. On the other hand, the optimal adsorption of Cr(VI) was achieved at pH 2, initial concentration of 1200 mg/L, and contact time of 70 min. The adsorption isotherms of both metals tended to follow the Langmuir model, while the adsorption kinetics suited to pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous (Δ<i>G</i>° negative), endothermic (Δ<i>H</i>° positive), and exhibited surface dispersion on the biosorbent (Δ<i>S</i>° positive). Characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermogravimetry (TGA) provided evidence of both physical and chemical adsorption. The adsorption capacity of cassava peel was also tested on samples collected approximately 30 m from the bay shoreline, resulting in a removal percentage of 94.67% for Pb(II) and 82.28% for Cr(VI) under optimal pH and contact time conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2074-2083"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of nitrogen speciation on Cd-induced toxicity in <i>Landoltia punctata</i>.","authors":"Xianglian Wang, Guiqing Gao, Ruikang Hu, Liang Hu, Baojun Zhang, Zhanmeng Liu, Yilong Zou, Kaiwen Xu, Daishe Wu","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2377225","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2377225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in plant growth and developmental metabolic processes, research on nitrogen speciation regulating Cd accumulation in duckweed is still limited. In this study, the effects of three nitrogen sources (NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) on the growth, Cd accumulation, and photosynthetic parameters of <i>Landoltia punctata</i> (<i>L.</i> <i>punctata</i>) were analyzed. The results showed that Cd enrichment in <i>L. punctata</i> was significantly reduced (<i>p <</i> 0.05) with different nitrogen treatments compared to the control (CK). Ammonium nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub>-N) is more conducive to the accumulation of Cd in <i>L. punctata</i> than nitrate nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub>-N). The sum of the cell wall components and soluble components of Cd in the NH<sub>4</sub>-N treatment group was greater than that in the NO<sub>3</sub>-N treatment group. The proportion of F<sub>NaCl</sub> extracts in the NH<sub>4</sub>-N treatment group was greater than in the NO<sub>3</sub>-N treatment group. NO<sub>3</sub>-N led to a greater reduction in photosynthetic pigment content than NH<sub>4</sub>-N. Overall, applying different forms of nitrogen can alleviate Cd toxicity in <i>L. punctata</i>, and the detoxification effect of the NH<sub>4</sub>-N treatment is stronger than that of NO<sub>3</sub>-N treatment. This study will provide theoretical and practical support for the application of duckweed in Cd phytoremediation even in eutrophic aquatic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2127-2136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shakil Ahmed, Sana Ashraf, Nasim Ahmad Yasin, Rehana Sardar, Ibrahim Al-Ashkar, Magdi T Abdelhamid, Ayman El Sabagh
{"title":"Exogenously applied nano-zinc oxide mitigates cadmium stress in <i>Zea mays</i> L. through modulation of physiochemical activities and nutrients homeostasis.","authors":"Shakil Ahmed, Sana Ashraf, Nasim Ahmad Yasin, Rehana Sardar, Ibrahim Al-Ashkar, Magdi T Abdelhamid, Ayman El Sabagh","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2383657","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2383657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing levels of cadmium (Cd) pollution in agricultural soil reduces plant growth and yield. This study aims to determine the impact of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on the physiochemical activities, nutrition, growth, and yield of <i>Zea mays</i> L. under Cd stress conditions. For this purpose, ZnO-NPs (450 ppm and 600 ppm) synthesized from <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> were applied through foliar spray to <i>Z. mays</i> and also used as seed priming agents. A significant decline in plant height (35.24%), biomass production (43.86%), mineral content, gas exchange attributes, and yield (37.62%) was observed in Cd-spiked plants compared to the control. While, 450 ppm ZnO-NPs primed seed increased plant height (18.46%), total chlorophyll (80.07%), improved ascorbic acid (25.10%), DPPH activity (26.66%), and soil mineral uptake (Mg<sup>+2</sup> (38.86%), K<sup>+</sup> (27.83%), and Zn<sup>+2</sup> (43.68%) as compared to plants only spiked with Cd. On the contrary, the foliar-applied 450 ppm ZnO-NPs increased plant height (8.22%), total chlorophyll content (73.59%), ascorbic acid (21.39%), and DPPH activity (17.61%) and yield parameters; cob diameter (19.45%), and kernels numbers 6.35% enhanced compared to plants that were spiked only with Cd. The findings of the current study pave the way for safer and more cost-effective crop production in Cd-stressed soils by using green synthesized NPs and provide deep insights into the underlying mechanisms of NPs treatment at the molecular level to provide compelling evidence for the use of NPs in improving plant growth and yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"2250-2265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of dairy wastewater as substrate for bioremediation of coal mine drainage in planted horizontal flow constructed wetland.","authors":"Prakhar Tripathi, Saswati Chakraborty","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2417375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2024.2417375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coal mine drainage (CMD) is an environmental threat due to its high volume, low pH, presence of toxic metals, and absence of biodegradable organics. The present study aims to treat CMD in a horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland (CW) using dairy wastewater as an organic source. CW was planted with <i>Typha angustifolia.</i> Characteristics of synthetic CMD were (except pH, all unit mg/L) pH 1.9; Fe: 100, <math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mtext>SO</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>-</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math>: 1,000, Mn: 6, Zn: 5, Co: 1, Ni: 1, and Cr: 1. CMD was mixed with synthetic dairy wastewater (pH: 5.05, COD: 2,700 mg/L, BOD: 1,600 mg/L) in the ratio of 3:1. Alkalinity of 120-190 mg/L CaCO<sub>3</sub> was generated and effluent pH improved from 2.2 to 6.6. Metals precipitated as metal sulfide or hydroxide. Sulfate removal was hindered due to the synergistic toxicity of several metals. Except for Mn, all other effluent parameters were within the discharge limit for disposal in inland surface water.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Berns, Jaïro Falla-Angel, Antoine Bonnefoy, Lucas Charrois, Philippe Laval-Gilly
{"title":"Stress reduction with co-culture of <i>Miscanthus x giganteus</i> and <i>Pelargonium x hortorum</i> in a pb contaminated soil to improve biomass production.","authors":"Sarah Berns, Jaïro Falla-Angel, Antoine Bonnefoy, Lucas Charrois, Philippe Laval-Gilly","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2419444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2024.2419444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The industrial past of most regions in Lorraine and the intensification of activities on soils has increased the number of polluted sites. To rehabilitate these areas, several methods can be employed. In this study, co-culture of Miscanthus x giganteus and Pelargonium x hortorum was used to clean up a soil mainly contaminated by metallic elements including lead. The use of ornamental plants has been little studied, even if these species can be used to rehabilitate a site while improving its esthetics. At the end of the experiment, Pb concentrations were measured in the soil and plants. Furthermore, phytohormones were also measured to evaluate the defense mechanisms of the plants in front of pollutants. The results showed a reduction in Pb concentrations following the phytoremediation process implemented and that PxH was able to extract Pb from the soil. Results showed that co-culture was not beneficial to the development of MxG. Concerning the molecules synthesized by the plants under stress conditions, only salicin was found in MxG roots and aerial parts in particular for plants grown in individual culture. According to the results obtained, it seems that MxG is able to make compromises between the synthesis of protective molecules and its development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In-situ biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles using <i>Allium sativum</i> and <i>Chondrilla juncea</i> extract: characterization and application in dye decolorization.","authors":"Nouha Sebeia, Mahjoub Jabli","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2417845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2024.2417845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The synthesis of catalysts has gained specific concern due to their versatile applications in particular azo dye decolorization. In the current work, metallic nanoparticles (copper and silver) were In-situ biosynthesised using <i>Allium sativum</i> and <i>Chondrilla juncea</i> extract. The obtained <i>Allium</i>-copper oxide and <i>Allium</i>-silver oxide materials were analyzed using SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TGA-DTG, SEM, TEM, and XRD techniques. <i>Allium</i> peels had a rough surface, with nanoparticles equally distributed over it. The crystal structure of <i>Allium</i> peels was altered after the addition of CuO and AgO nanoparticles. The highest residual mass values in the prepared materials indicated that the metallic nanoparticles were, <i>in situ</i>, formed. The prepared materials had worse thermal stability than <i>Allium</i> peel powders. The azo dyes, Calmagite and Naphthol Blue Black B were tested in the catalytic power of the resulting materials. The decolorization process was affected by the dye structure, amount of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, dye concentration, time of reaction, and temperature of the bath. The activation energy values for <i>Allium</i>-CuO were 18.44 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> for calmagite, and 23.28 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> for naphthol blue black, respectively. Nevertheless, the energy values for <i>Allium</i>-AgO were 50.01 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> for calmagite and 12.44 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> for Naphthol blue black. The calculated low energy values for the prepared materials suggested the high efficiency of the use of these catalysts in azo dye decolorization under the change of some main experimental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Particulate matter retention and removal efficiency in ten tree species of semi-arid environment.","authors":"Fahad Rasheed, Charles Ruffner, Asif Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2420326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2024.2420326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern era has witnessed particulate matter (PM) become one of the biggest threats for the existence of biological species. Therefore, a study was performed in Faisalabad city to evaluate PM retention and removal efficiency of ten local tree species. Branch samples were collected from urban, sub-urban and rural areas in September 2020 (183 days after rain), and in August 2021 (30 days after rain). Results showed that total PM load, PM<sub>>10</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>-<sub>2.5</sub> retention was the highest in urban followed by sub-urban and rural area. PM<sub>>10</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>-<sub>2.5</sub>, total PM, and PM deposition rate decreased significantly in the following order, <i>F. benghalensis > T. arjuna > S. cumini > A. scholaris > F. religiosa > E. camaldulensis > D sissoo > C lancifolius > B. ceiba > M. alba</i> during both years 2020, and 2021. During the artificial rainfall experiment, total PM removed by the species also followed the same order however, PM removal efficiency was the highest in <i>B. ceiba</i> and <i>M. alba</i> followed by <i>E. camaldulensis, C. lancifolius, D. sissoo, T. arjuna, S. cumini, A. scholaris, F. religiosa</i> and <i>F. benghalensis.</i> Therefore, it can be concluded that species selection must be done skillfully for congested urban environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}