International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics最新文献

{"title":"Rare vasculitis types and obstetric and neonatal outcomes - A population-based study.","authors":"Uri Amikam, Ahmad Badeghiesh, Haitham Baghlaf, Richard Brown, Michael H Dahan","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vasculitis is an infrequent pathology among reproductive-aged women. While data exists regarding pregnancy outcomes in the more common vasculitis subtypes, data is limited regarding these outcomes in rare vasculitis subtypes. We aimed to compare pregnancy and perinatal outcomes between women who suffered from rare types of vasculitis and those who did not.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project- Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS). All pregnant women who delivered or had a maternal death in the US (2004-2014) with an ICD-9 diagnosis of any of the following rare vasculitis subtypes: Polyarteritis nodosa, acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, hypersensitivity angiitis, Wegner's granulomatosis, giant cell arteritis, and Takayasu arteritis were included in the study. We divided the cohort into women with rare vasculitides (study group) and women without (control group). The obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the two groups were compared using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9 096 788 women met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 335 women (3.7/100000) had a diagnosis of rare vasculitis. Women with rare vasculitis, compared to those without, were more likely to be older; Caucasian; in the highest income quartile; be insured by private insurance; and have a body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) ≥30, pregestational diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, and chronic hypertension (P < 0.05, all). Patients in the rare vasculitis group, compared to those without, had a higher rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-2.56, P < 0.001); preterm delivery (aOR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.28-2.42, P < 0.001); and blood products transfusion (aOR 3.68, 95% CI: 2.14-6.34, P < 0.001); with higher rates of cesarean delivery (CD) (aOR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.64, P = 0.018); and a higher rate of congenital anomalies (aOR 4.1, 95% CI: 2.03-8.31, P < 0.001). Other perinatal outcomes, including placental abruption, hysterectomy, and venous thromboembolism, were comparable between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women with rare vasculitis had a higher incidence of maternal complications, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery and preterm delivery, as well as an increased risk of congenital anomalies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"877-884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148137950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of cesarean delivery among patients with class III obesity at term based on body mass index: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Emily R Root, Brittany A Myers, Jeremy T Gaskins, Anish Mukherjee, Rebecca C Pierson, Edward E Miller, Jessica Kline","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71060","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the risk of cesarean delivery based on body mass index (BMI) in patients with class III obesity who undergo induction of labor.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study set in a university hospital. Study participants included patients presenting for delivery at term with class III obesity at the time of admission. A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients with a pre-delivery BMI ≥40 who delivered between May 2016 and December 2020 at a single institution. Patients were divided into the following BMI groups: 40-44.9, 45-49.99, 50-59.99, ≥60. Demographic and other clinical features were analyzed using analysis of variance and Fisher tests across BMI groups. Rates of labor induction and cesarean delivery (CD) were further analyzed by logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 1010 patients with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥40 who delivered in the study period, of whom 497 met the study criteria. The median BMI in this population was 43.9 (interquartile range: 41.8-48.5, range 40.0-92.9). Twenty-seven percent of patients who underwent an induction of labor (IOL) delivered via CD compared to 12% for patients who presented in spontaneous labor. There were higher rates of induction seen in patients as BMI increased, but this effect was not seen in patients with BMI 60 or higher. The rate of CD was increased in patients who underwent IOL (P = 0.0332). This finding was only seen for those undergoing an elective IOL (P = 0.0088) but not a medically indicated IOL (P = 0.3588).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rates of induction of labor are higher in patients with higher BMI. In our cohort, those who underwent elective IOL were more likely to deliver via CD. Further study is needed to evaluate outcomes for patients with a BMI of 60 and greater, and more clarity is needed around recommendations for timing of elective induction of labor in patients with class III obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"741-748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing patterns of domestic and sexual gender-based violence among survivors attending a referral center in north-east Nigeria: A 5-year retrospective review.","authors":"Bilkisu Mohammad Aliyu, Sagir Muhammad, Yahya Musa Sulaiman","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assesses the changing patterns of domestic, sexual, and gender-based violence (DSGBV) among survivors managed at a dedicated referral center in North-East Nigeria over a 5-year period (2021-2025).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Gender-Based Violence Unit of the Specialist Hospital Gombe. Records of all survivors of DSGBV managed between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2025, were reviewed. Data on year of presentation, age, sex, type of violence, place of residence, and time of reporting were extracted. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize trends and distributions. Inferential analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26 (IBMCorporation, Armonk, NY, USA). This study was reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 675 survivors were recorded, with a progressive increase from 79 cases in 2021 to 171 in 2025. Adolescents aged 10-14 years consistently accounted for the highest proportion of cases (196/675; 29%). Females constituted 81.6% (551/675) of survivors. Sexual violence was the predominant form of abuse (556/675; 82.3%). Most survivors (601/675; 89.0%) resided in rural areas. Delayed reporting beyond 72 h was the most common pattern across all years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reported cases of DSGBV increased progressively over 5 years, with children and adolescents bearing a disproportionate burden and sexual violence predominating. These findings highlight the need for strengthened routine screening, provider training, and equitable access to survivor-centered services, particularly for rural and adolescent populations in conflict-affected settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"724-730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age at first birth and risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in US women aged 40 years and older: A nationally representative cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yehua Jing, Chenyan Lu, Rong Wang, Tianquan Chen","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Age at first birth (AFB) is an important reproductive factor influencing long-term metabolic health. This study aimed to examine the associations between AFB and prevalence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome among middle-aged and older US women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>US women aged ≥ 40 years at the time of the survey were analyzed using 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. AFB was ascertained via self-report from a reproductive health questionnaire. CKM syndrome was defined using the 2023 American Heart Association criteria. Multivariate logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, and subgroup analysis were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 6840 women (mean age 63 years; mean AFB 22 years) included, restricted cubic spline curve showed a U-shaped association between AFB and CKM syndrome prevalence, with the nadir at AFB = 24 years. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) per 1-year increase in AFB were 0.878 (0.817-0.944) for participants with AFB < 24 years and 1.019 (0.949-1.095) for those with AFB > 24 years. Compared with the reference group (AFB 24-29 years), women with AFB < 18 years had 86.3% higher odds of CKM syndrome. Subgroup analysis revealed a stronger association between AFB and the odds of CKM syndrome among premenopausal women (p for interaction = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early AFB < 24 years is associated with a higher likelihood of CKM syndrome in US women aged ≥ 40 years, especially among premenopausal women. Prospectively designed cohort studies are needed to establish AFB as an important factor for mid- to late-life CKM health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"951-959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148198817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: The role of the angle of progression in predicting spontaneous vaginal delivery in women with singleton pregnancies.","authors":"Antonio Malvasi, Lorenzo E Malgieri, Giorgio Maria Baldini, Tommaso Difonzo, Andrea Tinelli","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"1063-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgically confirmed severe endometriosis is associated with lower risk of steatotic liver disease: Evidence of estrogen-linked hepatic-reproductive crosstalk.","authors":"Jung Hyun Park, Keungmo Yang, Hyun Yang, Si Hyun Bae, Mee-Ran Kim, Jaejun Lee","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The prevalence of steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasing globally. Endometriosis, affecting up to 10% of women, is a major cause of infertility. While associations between endometriosis and metabolic syndrome have been reported, its relationship with SLD remains unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between endometriosis severity and SLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed women who underwent surgery for endometriosis with documented revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine scores at a tertiary hospital (January 1, 2009, to February 28, 2025) and had undergone abdominal computed tomography (CT) within 6 months as part of the clinical evaluation for endometriosis. Hepatic steatosis was assessed on abdominal CT using the liver-to-spleen Hounsfield unit (LS) ratio with predefined cutoff values, where lower values indicate greater hepatic fat accumulation, and SLD and severe SLD were defined as LS <1.0 and <0.8, respectively. The hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was used for sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 455 patients, 232 had severe endometriosis (SE, stage 4) and 223 had non-severe endometriosis (NSE). Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, except for higher estradiol levels in the SE group (P < 0.001). The prevalence of SLD was significantly lower in SE (48.3%) compared to NSE (62.3%) (P = 0.002), and severe SLD was less common in SE (8.2% vs 16.1%, P = 0.009). Patients with SLD exhibited lower estradiol levels than those without, suggesting a potential protective effect of estradiol on hepatic steatosis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that SE was independently associated with a reduced risk of SLD, irrespective of age, body mass index, and metabolic comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SE was associated with a lower prevalence of SLD, potentially mediated by higher estradiol levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"941-950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical tuberculosis mimicking carcinoma of the cervix in a patient with long-standing secondary amenorrhea.","authors":"Sumanjot Kaur, Priyaranjan Mohanta, Bharti Joshi, Vanita Jain","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71140","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis remains a significant cause of extrapulmonary disease in endemic regions. Genital tuberculosis most commonly affects the fallopian tubes and endometrium, while cervical involvement is rare. Presentation as a cervical mass is particularly uncommon and may closely mimic cervical cancer, leading to diagnostic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>We report a case of a woman in her 40s with a history of long-standing secondary amenorrhea for 12 years who presented with postcoital bleeding. Clinical examination revealed a cervical growth. Histopathological evaluation of the cervical biopsy demonstrated inflammation with granulomas, no evidence of malignancy was identified. The tissue was positive for ZN stain and MGIT.</p><p><strong>Management and outcome: </strong>The patient was initiated on standard anti-tubercular therapy for 6 months. Patient had resolution of symptoms and interval reduction in cervical lesion at 6 months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cervical tuberculosis, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of suspected carcinoma cervix, particularly in patients from endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"1060-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence during pregnancy amplifies fear of childbirth: A nationwide cohort study in Finland.","authors":"Raakel Viheroksa, Katariina Laine, Mika Gissler, Eija Paavilainen, Seppo Heinonen, Sari Räisänen","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the association between fear of childbirth (FOC) and exposure to violence during pregnancy, identified using diagnoses based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study included 1 177 569 births in Finland between 2000 and 2020. Data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Hospital Discharge Register were used to identify women diagnosed with FOC and exposure to violence. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for major sociodemographic and clinical factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fear of childbirth was diagnosed in 23 246 women (2.0%), while 1 154 323 women (98.0%) had no diagnosis of FOC. Women with FOC had a higher prevalence of exposure to violence (0.9%) compared with women without FOC (0.3%). The association remained strong after adjustment for confounders (adjusted OR 3.07; 95% CI 2.66-3.54). A higher prevalence of FOC was observed among parous compared to nulliparous women, divorced women, students, and women experiencing long-term unemployment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women with FOC were substantially more likely to have been exposed to violence. Recognizing FOC as a potential marker of underlying vulnerability might facilitate earlier identification, timely referral, and more responsive psychological and obstetric care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"1012-1019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148225350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of oral azithromycin in preventing perinatal infections in pregnant women undergoing labor induction.","authors":"Huimin Cao, Yan Zhou, Ning Gu, Ling Yang, Yimin Dai","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluates oral azithromycin's effectiveness in reducing intrapartum and puerperal infection rates in term pregnant women undergoing labor induction to guide antibiotic prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center randomized controlled trial enrolled 472 women with term singleton pregnancies undergoing labor induction. The participants were randomly allocated to receive either 2 g of oral azithromycin (n = 236) or no treatment (n = 236). The primary outcome was the overall perinatal infection rate (which includes both intrapartum and/or puerperal infections). Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal complications, mode of delivery, and safety parameters. Results analysis adopted an intention-to-treat approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall perinatal infection rate did not differ significantly between the azithromycin group (16.1%) and the control group (16.9%) (absolute risk difference [ARD] = -0.85%, relative risk [RR] = 0.950, 95% confidence interval 0.633-1.425; P = 0.804). Similarly, the incidence of neonatal infectious diseases showed no significant difference between the two groups (2.5% vs 5.1%, P = 0.149). Both groups had comparable outcomes in mode of delivery, maternal-neonatal complications (epidural analgesia, postpartum hemorrhage, and pre- and post-delivery antibiotic use), total labor duration, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and neonatal antibiotic administration. Maternal outcomes did not differ significantly between groups, although 3.4% (8/236) of women in the azithromycin group reported gastrointestinal symptoms during labor, with a total adverse event rate of 3.8% (9/236, including one case of dizziness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of an additional 2 g azithromycin provides no additional benefit in reducing the overall risk of maternal infection and perinatal infection in an already intensive antibiotic prophylactic and well-resourced setting.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, registration number ChiCTR2300077629, November 14, 2023 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html).</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"762-770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147959936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An external validation study of a practical scoring system for identifying patients at risk of pelvic floor dysfunction following childbirth.","authors":"Martina Arcieri, Michela Segatti, Filippo Bordin, Doriana Armenise, Maria De Martino, Miriam Isola, Chiara Mattiussi, Elisa Barbui, Sara Filippin, Veronica Tius, Cristina Delneri, Valeria Dialti, Stefano Restaino, Lorenza Driul, Giuseppe Vizzielli","doi":"10.1002/ijgo.71099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijgo.71099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To prospectively evaluate the perineal card, a risk-based scoring system, for identifying women at increased risk of postpartum urinary incontinence (UI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included women without previous vaginal delivery who underwent vaginal birth at a tertiary referral center between June 2023 and October 2024. The perineal card was completed at hospital discharge to assess obstetric and perineal risk factors and classify patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. Postpartum pelvic floor outcomes were assessed at follow-up using a standardized screening tool with validated questionnaires. Logistic regression identified factors independently associated with UI, and discriminative performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 296 enrolled women, 265 were included in the final analysis. At follow-up, 18.3% reported UI. Women with UI had higher median perineal card scores than asymptomatic women. UI during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), labor induction, and postpartum urinary retention lasting more than 24 h were independently associated with postpartum UI. The perineal card showed moderate discriminative ability, with an area under the curve of 0.65.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of the perineal card at discharge may help identify women at increased risk of postpartum UI and support timely referral for pelvic floor rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14164,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","volume":" ","pages":"807-816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}