International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention最新文献

{"title":"Irregular Menstruation, Acne, Hirsutism, and the Possibility with PCOS","authors":"Dian Nur Apriliana, Refia Putri Restiana, Irene Yemima Dalope, Andhika A. Perdana, Arie Widiyasa","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i07.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i07.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: PCOS was a common hormonal disorder caused by hyperandrogenism so the ovaries enlarged with many small follicles appear like cysts. The aetiology still unknown, but mounting evidence suggests that can be complex multigenic disorder with strong epigenetic and environmental influences. Therapeutic options include combined oral contraception, antiandrogens, etc.\u0000Case Presentation: Ms. N, 17 years old, came to polyclinic of RSAL Mintohardjo evaluated for amenorrhea. Her parents didn’t have comorbid conditions. The patient started Menarche at the age of 14, soon thereafter developed a secondary amenorrhea. On examination her BMI was 18.4kg/m², pulse-92/min and BP-115/80 mm of hg. She had a hirsute score (Ferriman-Gallway) of 8 and had no acanthosis nigricans. No abnormality on the other systemic examination and no laboratory tests were carried out. Patient given with combination hormonal pills. Hormonal birth control can help with PCOS symptoms, but it is not the only option. Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight and exercising more, may help.\u0000Discussion: PCOS involves primary defects in hypothalamic–pituitary axis, insulin, and ovarian function. Excess LH levels lead to hyperandrogenism in PCOS.\u0000Conclusion: All women with abnormal menstrual patterns should be evaluated for underlying PCOS, signs of hyperandrogenism, hormone profile, and pelvic ultrasonography to visualize the ovaries. Early diagnosis and treatment can avoid potential complications. Birth control pills (combined hormonal) can used for long-term treatment in women who didn’t want to pregnant. The birth control pills may help regulate menstrual bleeding, reduce excessive hair growth and acne, and decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89259490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D receptor gene Polymorphisms (fok1 and taq1) among Sudanese women with recurrent miscarriages","authors":"Nihad alsadig Babiker, S. Babiker, Naima Osmanyusuf, B. Umar, Amr Mohammed Ali ALshahethi, Tyseer A. M. Abdalrahman, Alsadig Gassoum, Mohamed Elfatih Abdewadoud, H. Musa","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i07.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i07.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D endocrine system was formally known as a key player in calcium and phosphatehomoeostasis and in regulation of bone remodelling. It is influences maternal and fetal cell differentiation and cell growth immune regulation, insulin secretion and anti-proliferative processes\u0000Methods: A case control study was conducted at the National Center of Neurological Sciences (NCNS), Khartoum, Sudan from 2021 to 2022. All patients attending obese and gaina unit at Ibraheim Malike teaching hospital and diagnosed with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion during the aforementioned period were included as a cases. Apparently healthy women with no history of abortion at a reproductive age were selected as control. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood, conventional PCR machine was used to amplify the VDR gene. PCR productswere then sequenced.\u0000Results \u0000A219 bp of VDR (FokI) allele was detected with gel electrophoresis after PCR. The PCR result shows that all of cases were positive100%forVDR (FokI) allele, while34% of controls were positive. When the cases sequencing results were compared with the normal reference the following single Base Exchange were found A>C, G>T and G>A. While when the controls were compared with normal reference, no any single base exchange was found among the all control groups. Mutation taster was used to confirmed the mutations which revealed; A>C Base Exchange polymorphism was predicted, that is confirms the presence of rs2228570polymorphism. Also two another Base Exchange polymorphism was predicted G>A and G>T.   For the Taq1 alleles; 242 bp of VDR (TaqI) allele was detected with gel electrophoresis after PCR. The PCR result shows that 97.7% of cases were positive for VDR (TaqI) allele and14% of controls group were positive. The sequencing analysis detected three single Base Exchange polymorphisms C>T, G>C and C>A.  Mutation taster was used to confirmed the mutations which revealed; C>T Base Exchange polymorphism was predicted, that is confirms the presence of rs731236 polymorphism. In addition to prediction of G>C and C>A which changed the amino acid sequence and the spliced sit.\u0000Conclusion: The study showed a significant association between fok1 rs2228570 and taq1 rs731236 variants of the VDR gene and recurrent recurrent miscarriage among Sudanese women ","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86399942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Focal Myocarditis Secondary to Severe Legionella Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Arshan Khan, R. Solomon, M. Mahmoud, C. Agyingi, Muhammad Haseeb, K. Rai, M. Ammar, Nancy Mesiha","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.08","url":null,"abstract":"Legionnaire’s disease (LD) is a severe form of atypical pneumonia caused by any species of Legionella. LD can rarely involve the heart and present as myocarditis, pericarditis, or endocarditis. We report a case of focal myocarditis secondary to Legionella. A 49-year-old male was admitted to the hospital for shortness of breath and found to have Legionella pneumonia. An echocardiogram was done because of elevated troponin and shortness of breath, which revealed the new onset of systolic heart failure and focal hypokinesis. The patient received a total of 10 days of levofloxacin 750 mg, and he was discharged home with a cardiology follow-up. This case highlights that Legionella infection should be suspected in patients with unexplained myocardial damage/inflammation.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89366794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Simple Screening for Attention Functions","authors":"Y. Tanikawa, Soshi Miyahara, T. Kakuda","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.07","url":null,"abstract":"We hypothesized that a combination of multiple tasks consisting of suppression of blinking and sustaining maximum muscle force in pinching serves as a simple screening test for declines in attention functions and investigated the relationships of suppression of blinking, the number of blinks during measurement of pinch strength, and attention functions. The subjects were 27 young individuals (10 males and 17 females with a mean age of 31.9±13.8 years) and 12 elderly individuals (2 males and 10 females with a mean age of 73.3±5.6 years). Part A and Part B of a Japanese version of the Trail Making Test (TMT) were used to evaluate attention functions. The subjects were instructed before the measurement of pinch strength to stop blinking for 5 seconds, and the number of blinks was counted. Pinch strength was measured for 5 seconds, and its changes were recorded. No instructions were given in the first measurement of pinch strength, but the second measurement was performed after the instruction of “Do not blink” (with restriction of blinking). TMT-Part A with restriction of blinking took more time in the group that blinked than in the group that did not blink (41.1±16.4 vs. 25.6±8.7, p<0.01). The subjects who required more time to execute TMT-Part A tended to be more likely to blink even under restriction. Examination of the presence or absence of blinking under restriction before the measurement of pinch strength is considered to be potentially useful as a simple screening test for attention functions.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83742531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HER 2 in Gastric Cancer in Albania as a New Therapeutic Alternative","authors":"E. Çuedari, M. Ikonomi, Anila Pema (Kristo), B. Çela, S. Kadare, A. Dogjani","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer in Albania. Gastric cancer has a 5-year survival rate as low as 30%. The expression of HER2 in gastric cancer has brought a new alternative treatment for patients.\u0000Materials and method: 192 patients were analyzed retrospectively, with primary GCs for HER2 overexpression by IHC and Dual SISH in equivocal cases. This was compared with the results of HER2 in gastric patients in surgical specimens and endoscopic biopsies and there is a correlation between gender, age, stage, and type of the histopathologic gastric cancer diagnosis.\u0000Results: Examinations were made by immunohistochemistry for HER2 in 73.4% (141 cases) of surgical specimens and 26.5% of endoscopic biopsies: 18.4% (26 cases) and 15.7% (8 cases) were HER2 3+, respectively. HER2 overexpression (3+) was detected in 17.7% (34 cases). HER2 Equivocal (2+) was detected in 24.5% (47 cases). 17.8%, 14%, and 4.7% were respectively intestinal type, diffuse, signet ring, and the rest adenocarcinoma NOS. GC prevailed in the group aged 61-70 yrs. (31.70%), followed by 51-60 yrs. (25%), 22.9% in 71-80-yrs. 20 cases analyzed by SISH, showed HER2 amplification in 40% (8cases). Economical restrictions and problems with the preanalytical phase made it impossible to evaluate by SISH all 20 cases.\u0000Conclusion: 17.7% of Albanian patients with primary GC were HER2-positive on IHC. There is no difference in biopsy and surgical specimen results. Economic restrictions can influence the results.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91339267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficiency of Screw channels in metamaterials for pathogen decontamination under ultraviolet C radiation","authors":"N. Enaki, T. Pislari, S. Bazgan, E. Starodub, T. Marin, M. Ţurcan","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.05","url":null,"abstract":"The main idea of new equipment is connected with the rotation of contaminated fluid by screw channels of meta-materials, prepared from UVC fiber/spherical optics in order to improve the decontamination efficiency. © 2021 The Author(s)","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87288139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractory Complete Atrioventricular Block Secondary to Hypothyroidism Requiring Permanent Pacemaker","authors":"Arshan Khan, C. Agyingi, M. Mahmoud, Hardik A. Fichadiya, Muhammad Haseeb, K. Rai, M. Ammar, S. Bano, Abdul Wasay","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.04","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid hormone regulates the body's metabolism, and its insufficiency can result in a wide variety of manifestations, including fatigue, lethargy, constipation, cold intolerance, and change in voice. Hypothyroidism also affects the cardiovascular system and can cause decreased cardiac output, increased systemic vascular resistance, pericardial effusion, bradycardia, and heart block. Hypothyroidism is a rare cause of complete atrioventricular block (AVB), which is generally thought to be reversible after thyroid replacement therapy. Here, we report a case of a 74-year-old female who presented to our hospital with lower extremity swelling and fatigue. She was diagnosed with hypothyroidism based on her thyroid function test. An electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed a complete AVB, and she was started on thyroid replacement therapy. During the second week of thyroid replacement therapy, she experienced episodes of bradycardia, and ECG still showed a complete AVB; despite normalization of her thyroid function, prompting placement of a pacemaker. The patient was discharged with endocrinology and electrophysiologist (EP) follow-upi","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82548788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Low Birth Weight and Stunting In Children Aged 6-24 Months in the Working Area of the Air Dingin Health Center","authors":"Zeffira L, Debastiwi Della, Sjaaf Fidiariani","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as a birth weight of less than 2500 g (up to and including 2499 g).  LBW generally experience an unfavorable future life, babies born with low birth weight are mostly born to mothers with low nutritional status during pregnancy who are at risk of becoming stunted.\u0000Aim: To determine the relationship between low birth weight and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the Working Area of ​​the Air Dingin Health Center, Padang City.\u0000Method: The research was conducted in the Working Area of ​​the Air Dingin Health Center in Padang, from May 2019 – January 2020. This is a correlative analytic study with a cross-sectional research design. The affordable population is part of the target population of children aged 6-24 months in the Air Dingin Health Center Padang with 65 samples using stratified random sampling technique.  The analysis data using chi-square test SPSS version 24.0.\u0000Results:Based on the results of the study, the most gender was male, 21 people (53.8%), the most age was 12 - <24 months, 38 people (97.4%), experienced stunting as many as 39 people (60%), experienced LBW as many as 27 people (41.5%) and there is a relationship between low birth weight and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the Working Area of ​​the Air Dingin Health Center, Padang ( p=0.027 < 0.05)\u0000Conclusion: There is a relationship between low birth weight and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the Working Area of ​​the Air Dingin Health Center in Padang.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74875886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulation After TAVR: A Brief Review of Important Literature","authors":"Arshan Khan, Muhammad Nadeem, A. Shankar, M. Haseeb ul Rasool, Muhammad Haseeb, M. Ammar, Abdul Wasay","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.02","url":null,"abstract":"Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the elderly patient population.  Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has been the standard of practice for treating aortic stenosis for years.  But recently in the past decade, the minimally invasive procedure Transcatheter aortic valve replacement/implantation (TAVR/TAVI) has been a revolutionary treatment modality for aortic stenosis patients, particularly those who are at high risk of surgery.  The patients who undergo TAVR are at high risk for bleeding and thromboembolic events afterward. The use of antiplatelet and anticoagulation after TAVR is to decrease the risk of thromboembolic complications such as stroke, but it comes with the risk of bleeding associated with antiplatelet and antithrombotic.  Current guidelines recommend the use of dual antiplatelet (DAPT) for 3 to 6-month after TAVR in the absence of an indication for oral anticoagulation followed by lifelong single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT).  However, the use of dual antiplatelet is associated with an increased risk of bleeding without significant ischemic benefits.  Lifelong oral anticoagulation is recommended for patients who have other indications for anticoagulation.  These treatment guidelines are driven by expert opinion, given the lack of large randomized control trials (RCT).  In this review, we aim to discuss the need for antithrombotic and antiplatelets after TAVR and review important literature about current practice and expert recommendations about antiplatelet and anticoagulation after TAVR.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73598399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of The COVID-19 Pandemic on Educational Crisis in Medical Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors","authors":"Panu Boontoterm, Nutnaree Thuncharoon, P. Fuengfoo, Damrong Waealee, Tunyaluk Witusurapot","doi":"10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v9i06.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Educational crisis causes medical students emotional stress and associated with increasing medical educational-related disillusionment and has never been clarified and gained attention secondary to concerns regarding study performance. COVID-19 pandemic has raised public health problems, Educational crisis and physical exhaustion have more pronounced. Medical students seem more exposed due to the prolong online study, less time to practice, and risk to contact with COVID-19 and had COVID-19 infection. The aim is to study the prevalence and related factors.\u0000Methods: Multicenter, prospective cross-sectional study. Educational crisis were collected from medical students in most epidemics covid-19 areas in Bangkok and southern areas using electronic questionnaires from February 2021 to January 2022. Educational crisis was defined when medical students exhibited at least 1 of 3 aspects (depersonalization, emotion exhaustion and personal accomplishment) and COVID-19 related stressors. Primary outcome was prevalence of educational crisis and secondary outcomes were risk factors.\u0000Results: Among 266 medical students, 11.6% had depression and 30.5% had COVID- 19 infection. Prevalence of educational crisis was 49.5% with the highest score found decreased personal accomplishment section (32.57 ± 7.79). The risk factors were COVID-19 infection, female, duration of clinical experience, poor sleep quality, conflict with co-worker, feeling that unfit and inappropriate to be doctor and feeling that they wanted resign from medical students within the past year.\u0000Conclusion: In this study, we found a high prevalence of educational crisis among medical students. Early prevention of mental health problems and psychological intervention should be conducted for medical students during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":14151,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86906726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}