International journal of epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Advancing epidemiological methods: from innovation to communication.","authors":"Jonathan M Snowden","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyae107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of unmeasured confounding in the association between perceived discrimination and mental health in a predominantly African American cohort using g-estimation.","authors":"Jiajun Luo, Loren Saulsberry, William Isaac Krakowka, Habibul Ahsan, Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perceived discrimination in health care settings can have adverse consequences on mental health in minority groups. However, the association between perceived discrimination and mental health is prone to unmeasured confounding. The study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of unmeasured confounding in this association, using g-estimation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a predominantly African American cohort, we applied g-estimation to estimate the association between perceived discrimination and mental health, adjusted and unadjusted for measured confounders. Mental health was measured using clinical diagnoses of anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. Perceived discrimination was measured as the number of patient-reported discrimination events in health care settings. Measured confounders included demographic, socioeconomic, residential and health characteristics. The influence of confounding was denoted as α1 from g-estimation. We compared α1 for measured and unmeasured confounding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strong associations between perceived discrimination in health care settings and mental health outcomes were observed. For anxiety, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) unadjusted and adjusted for measured confounders were 1.30 (1.21, 1.39) and 1.26 (1.17, 1.36), respectively. The α1 for measured confounding was -0.066. Unmeasured confounding with α1=0.200, which was over three times that of measured confounding, corresponds to an odds ratio of 1.12 (1.01, 1.24). Similar results were observed for other mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with measured confounding, unmeasured that was three times measured confounding was not enough to explain away the association between perceived discrimination and mental health, suggesting that this association is robust to unmeasured confounding. This study provides a novel framework to quantitatively evaluate unmeasured confounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11222300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of elective induction of labour: a timeless exposure.","authors":"Jonathan M Snowden, Shalmali Bane, Sarah S Osmundson, Michelle C Odden, Suzan L Carmichael","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae088","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile: DOC*X-Generation-a nationwide Danish pregnancy cohort with OCcupational eXposure data.","authors":"Luise Mølenberg Begtrup, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum, Charlotte Brauer, Marie Pedersen, Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg, Karin Sørig Hougaard, Camilla Sandal Sejbaek","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyae090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective evaluation of the relevance of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese adults.","authors":"Ling Yang, Christiana Kartsonaki, Julia Simon, Pang Yao, Yu Guo, Jun Lv, Robin G Walters, Yiping Chen, Hannah Fry, Daniel Avery, Canqing Yu, Jianrong Jin, Alexander J Mentzer, Naomi Allen, Julia Butt, Michael Hill, Liming Li, Iona Y Millwood, Tim Waterboer, Zhengming Chen","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae098","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a major cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and measurement of different EBV antibodies in blood may improve early detection of NPC. Prospective studies can help assess the roles of different EBV antibodies in predicting NPC risk over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-cohort study within the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank of 512 715 adults from 10 (including two NPC endemic) areas included 295 incident NPC cases and 745 subcohort participants. A multiplex serology assay was used to quantify IgA and IgG antibodies against 16 EBV antigens in stored baseline plasma samples. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for NPC and C-statistics to assess the discriminatory ability of EBV-markers, including two previously identified EBV-marker combinations, for predicting NPC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sero-positivity for 15 out of 16 EBV-markers was significantly associated with higher NPC risk. Both IgA and IgG antibodies against the same three EBV-markers showed the most extreme HRs, i.e. BGLF2 (IgA: 124.2 (95% CI: 63.3-243.9); IgG: 8.6 (5.5-13.5); LF2: [67.8 (30.0-153.1), 10.9 (7.2-16.4)]); and BFRF1: 26.1 (10.1-67.5), 6.1 (2.7-13.6). Use of a two-marker (i.e. LF2/BGLF2 IgG) and a four-marker (i.e. LF2/BGLF2 IgG and LF2/EA-D IgA) combinations yielded C-statistics of 0.85 and 0.84, respectively, which persisted for at least 5 years after sample collection in both endemic and non-endemic areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Chinese adults, plasma EBV markers strongly predict NPC occurrence many years before clinical diagnosis. LF2 and BGLF2 IgG could identify NPC high-risk individuals to improve NPC early detection in community and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake of copper and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project","authors":"Michele Sassano, Giulia Collatuzzo, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Claudio Pelucchi, Rossella Bonzi, Domenico Palli, Monica Ferraroni, Nuno Lunet, Samantha Morais, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Reza Malekzadeh, Mohammadreza Pakseresht, Malaquias López-Cervantes, Mary H Ward, Maria Constanza Camargo, Maria Paula Curado, Jesùs Vioque, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Stefania Boccia, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyae059","url":null,"abstract":"Background Evidence on the potential association between dietary copper intake and gastric cancer (GC) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project—an international consortium of epidemiological studies on GC. Methods Data from five case–control studies within the StoP Project were included (2448 cases, 4350 controls). We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the association between dietary copper intake and GC using multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models. We also modelled the dose–response relationship between copper intake and GC using a logistic mixed-effects model with fractional polynomial. Results The OR for the highest quartile of copper intake compared with the lowest one was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63–0.95; P for trend = 0.013). Results were similar for non-cardia-type (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57–0.91), intestinal-type (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56–0.99) and other histological-type GC (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.44–0.96). The dose–response analysis showed a steep decrease in ORs for modest intakes (&amp;lt;1 mg/day), which were subsequently steady for ≤3 mg/day (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02–0.41) and slowly increased for higher intakes. Conclusions The findings of our large study suggest that copper intake might be inversely associated with GC, although their confirmation by prospective studies is required.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140651458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile Update: The Glostrup Population Studies 1964-2024.","authors":"Line Tang Møllehave, Anja Lykke Madsen, Freja Bach Kampmann, Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Katja Biering Leth-Møller, Sanne Marie Thysen, Signe Ulfbeck Schovsbo, Rikke Kart Jacobsen, Mette Aadahl, Merete Osler, Torben Jørgensen, Allan Linneberg, Line Lund Kårhus","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reweighting UK Biobank corrects for pervasive selection bias due to volunteering.","authors":"Sjoerd van Alten, Benjamin W Domingue, Jessica Faul, Titus Galama, Andries T Marees","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biobanks typically rely on volunteer-based sampling. This results in large samples (power) at the cost of representativeness (bias). The problem of volunteer bias is debated. Here, we (i) show that volunteering biases associations in UK Biobank (UKB) and (ii) estimate inverse probability (IP) weights that correct for volunteer bias in UKB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on UK Census data, we constructed a subsample representative of UKB's target population, which consists of all individuals invited to participate. Based on demographic variables shared between the UK Census and UKB, we estimated IP weights (IPWs) for each UKB participant. We compared 21 weighted and unweighted bivariate associations between these demographic variables to assess volunteer bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Volunteer bias in all associations, as naively estimated in UKB, was substantial-in some cases so severe that unweighted estimates had the opposite sign of the association in the target population. For example, older individuals in UKB reported being in better health, in contrast to evidence from the UK Census. Using IPWs in weighted regressions reduced 87% of volunteer bias on average. Volunteer-based sampling reduced the effective sample size of UKB substantially, to 32% of its original size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Estimates from large-scale biobanks may be misleading due to volunteer bias. We recommend IP weighting to correct for such bias. To aid in the construction of the next generation of biobanks, we provide suggestions on how to best ensure representativeness in a volunteer-based design. For UKB, IPWs have been made available.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambient fine particulate matter and daily mortality: a comparative analysis of observed and estimated exposure in 347 cities.","authors":"Wenhua Yu, Wenzhong Huang, Antonio Gasparrini, Francesco Sera, Alexandra Schneider, Susanne Breitner, Jan Kyselý, Joel Schwartz, Joana Madureira, Vânia Gaio, Yue Leon Guo, Rongbin Xu, Gongbo Chen, Zhengyu Yang, Bo Wen, Yao Wu, Antonella Zanobetti, Haidong Kan, Jiangning Song, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Model-estimated air pollution exposure products have been widely used in epidemiological studies to assess the health risks of particulate matter with diameters of ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5). However, few studies have assessed the disparities in health effects between model-estimated and station-observed PM2.5 exposures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected daily all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality data in 347 cities across 15 countries and regions worldwide based on the Multi-City Multi-Country collaborative research network. The station-observed PM2.5 data were obtained from official monitoring stations. The model-estimated global PM2.5 product was developed using a machine-learning approach. The associations between daily exposure to PM2.5 and mortality were evaluated using a two-stage analytical approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 15.8 million all-cause, 1.5 million respiratory and 4.5 million cardiovascular deaths from 2000 to 2018. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with a relative risk increase (RRI) of mortality from both station-observed and model-estimated exposures. Every 10-μg/m3 increase in the 2-day moving average PM2.5 was associated with overall RRIs of 0.67% (95% CI: 0.49 to 0.85), 0.68% (95% CI: -0.03 to 1.39) and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.82) for all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality based on station-observed PM2.5 and RRIs of 0.87% (95% CI: 0.68 to 1.06), 0.81% (95% CI: 0.08 to 1.55) and 0.71% (95% CI: 0.32 to 1.09) based on model-estimated exposure, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mortality risks associated with daily PM2.5 exposure were consistent for both station-observed and model-estimated exposures, suggesting the reliability and potential applicability of the global PM2.5 product in epidemiological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Resource Profile: The HUNT Biobank.","authors":"Marit Næss, Kirsti Kvaløy, Elin P Sørgjerd, Kristin S Sætermo, Lise Norøy, Ann Helen Røstad, Nina Hammer, Trine Govasli Altø, Anne Jorunn Vikdal, Kristian Hveem","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}