International journal of epidemiology最新文献_第9页

Scorpion sting envenomation: should it be considered a neglected tropical disease? 蝎子蜇伤：是否应将其视为被忽视的热带疾病？

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae070

Eduardo Alfonso Hernández-Muñoz, Eugenio Vladimir Zavala-Sánchez

引用次数: 0

Data Resource Profile: A national linked mother-baby cohort of health, education and social care data in England (ECHILD-MB). 数据资源简介：英格兰健康、教育和社会护理数据的全国母婴关联队列（ECHILD-MB）。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae065

Qi Feng, Georgina Ireland, Ruth Gilbert, Katie Harron

引用次数: 0

Early developments of psychiatric epidemiology in Chile: a local history with global implications 智利精神病流行病学的早期发展：具有全球影响的地方历史

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae026

Franco Mascayano, Gonzalo Cuadra-Malinarich, Naomar Almeida-Filho, Ezra Susser

引用次数: 0

Correction to: How to estimate heritability: a guide for genetic epidemiologists. 更正：如何估计遗传率：遗传流行病学家指南。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae039

引用次数: 0

Active case-finding of tuberculosis compared with symptom-driven standard of care: a modelling analysis. 肺结核主动病例搜索与症状驱动的标准护理相比：模型分析。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae019

Akash Malhotra, Theresa S Ryckman, Karl Johnson, Elizabeth Uhlig, Jacob Creswell, Emily A Kendall, David W Dowdy, Hojoon Sohn

{"title":"Active case-finding of tuberculosis compared with symptom-driven standard of care: a modelling analysis.","authors":"Akash Malhotra, Theresa S Ryckman, Karl Johnson, Elizabeth Uhlig, Jacob Creswell, Emily A Kendall, David W Dowdy, Hojoon Sohn","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In settings with large case detection gaps, active case-finding (ACF) may play a critical role in the uberculosis (TB) response. However, ACF is resource intensive, and its effectiveness depends on whether people detected with TB through ACF might otherwise spontaneously resolve or be diagnosed through routine care. We analysed the potential effectiveness of ACF for TB relative to the counterfactual scenario of routine care alone.Methods: We constructed a Markov simulation model of TB natural history, diagnosis, symptoms, ACF and treatment, using a hypothetical reference setting using data from South East Asian countries. We calibrated the model to empirical data using Bayesian methods, and simulated potential 5-year outcomes with an 'aspirational' ACF intervention (reflecting maximum possible effectiveness) compared with the standard-of-care outcomes.Results: Under the standard of care, 51% (95% credible interval, CrI: 31%, 75%) of people with prevalent TB at baseline were estimated to be diagnosed and linked to care over 5 years. With aspirational ACF, this increased to 88% (95% CrI: 84%, 94%). Most of this difference represented people who were diagnosed and treated through ACF but experienced spontaneous resolution under standard-of-care. Aspirational ACF was projected to reduce the average duration of TB disease by 12 months (95% CrI: 6%, 18%) and TB-associated disability-adjusted life-years by 71% (95% CrI: 67%, 76%).Conclusion: These data illustrate the importance of considering outcomes in a counterfactual standard of care scenario, as well as trade-offs between overdiagnosis and averted morbidity through earlier diagnosis-not just for TB, but for any disease in which population-based screening is recommended.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer risk in the Million Women Study. 百万妇女研究中的类风湿性关节炎与癌症风险。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae006

TienYu Owen Yang, Sarah Floud, Gillian K Reeves

{"title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer risk in the Million Women Study.","authors":"TienYu Owen Yang, Sarah Floud, Gillian K Reeves","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most previous studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancer risk have lacked information on potential confounding factors. We investigated RA-associated cancer risks in a large cohort of women in the UK, taking account of shared risk factors.Methods: In 1996-2001, women aged 50-64, who were invited for routine breast screening at 66 National Health Service (NHS) screening centres in England and Scotland, were also invited to take part in the Million Women Study. Participants provided information on sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors, including RA, and were followed up for cancers and deaths. Cox regression yielded RA-associated hazard ratios (HRs) of 20 cancers, adjusted for 10 characteristics including smoking status and adiposity.Results: Around 1.3 million women (half of those invited) were recruited into the study. In minimally adjusted analyses, RA was associated with the risk of 13 of the 20 cancers. After additional adjustment for lifestyle factors, many of these associations were attenuated but there remained robust evidence of RA-associated increases in the risk of lung (HR 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.15-1.26), lymphoid (1.25, 1.18-1.33), myeloid (1.12, 1.01-1.25), cervical (1.39, 1.11-1.75) and oropharyngeal (1.40, 1.21-1.61) cancers, and decreases in the risk of endometrial (0.84, 0.77-0.91) and colorectal (0.82, 0.77-0.87) cancers.Conclusions: After taking account of shared risk factors, RA is positively associated with lung and certain blood and infection-related cancers, and inversely associated with colorectal cancer. These findings are consistent with existing hypotheses around immune response, susceptibility to infections, and chronic inflammation. The inverse association observed for endometrial cancer merits further investigation.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10904146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cohort Profile Update: The Québec Birth Cohort on Immunity and Health (CO·MMUNITY). 队列概况更新：魁北克免疫与健康出生队列（CO-MMUNITY）。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae014

Marie-Claude Rousseau, Marie-Elise Parent, Philippe Corsenac, Charlotte Salmon, Miceline Mésidor, Canisius Fantodji, Florence Conus, Hugues Richard, Prévost Jantchou, Andrea Benedetti

引用次数: 0

US exceptionalism? International trends in midlife mortality. 美国例外论？中年死亡率的国际趋势

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae024

Jennifer Beam Dowd, Katarzyna Doniec, Luyin Zhang, Andrea Tilstra

{"title":"US exceptionalism? International trends in midlife mortality.","authors":"Jennifer Beam Dowd, Katarzyna Doniec, Luyin Zhang, Andrea Tilstra","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rising midlife mortality in the USA has raised concerns, particularly the increase in 'deaths of despair' (due to drugs, alcohol and suicide). Life expectancy is also stalling in other countries such as the UK, but how trends in midlife mortality are evolving outside the USA is less understood. We provide a synthesis of cause-specific mortality trends in midlife (25-64 years of age) for the USA and the UK as well as other high-income and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries.Methods: We document trends in midlife mortality in the USA, UK and a group of 13 high-income countries in Western Europe, Australia, Canada and Japan, as well as seven CEE countries from 1990 to 2019. We use annual mortality data from the World Health Organization Mortality Database to analyse sex- and age-specific (25-44, 45-54 and 55-64 years) age-standardized death rates across 15 major cause-of-death categories.Results: US midlife mortality rates have worsened since 1990 for several causes of death including drug-related, alcohol-related, suicide, metabolic diseases, nervous system diseases, respiratory diseases and infectious/parasitic diseases. Deaths due to homicide, transport accidents and cardiovascular diseases have declined since 1990 but saw recent increases or stalling of improvements. Midlife mortality also increased in the UK for people aged 45-54 year and in Canada, Poland and Sweden among for those aged 25-44 years.Conclusions: The USA is increasingly falling behind not only high-income, but also CEE countries, some of which were heavily impacted by the post-socialist mortality crisis of the 1990s. Although levels of midlife mortality in the UK are substantially lower than those in the USA overall, there are signs that UK midlife mortality is worsening relative to that in Western Europe.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the measurement of cause of death inequality. 关于死因不平等的测量。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae016

Iñaki Permanyer, Júlia Almeida Calazans

{"title":"On the measurement of cause of death inequality.","authors":"Iñaki Permanyer, Júlia Almeida Calazans","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyae016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyae016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Attempts at assessing heterogeneity in countries' mortality profiles often rely on measures of cause of death (CoD) diversity. Unfortunately, such indicators fail to take into consideration the degree of (dis)similarity among pairs of causes (e.g. 'transport injuries' and 'unintentional injuries' are implicitly assumed to be as dissimilar as 'transport injuries' and 'Alzheimer's disease')－an unrealistic and unduly restrictive assumption.Development: We extend diversity indicators proposing a broader class of heterogeneity measures that are sensitive to the similarity between the causes of death one works with. The so-called 'CoD inequality' measures are defined as the average expected 'dissimilarity between any two causes of death'. A strength of the approach is that such measures are decomposable, so that users can assess the contribution of each cause to overall CoD heterogeneity levels-a useful property for the evaluation of public health policies.Application: We have applied the method to 15 low-mortality countries between 1990 and 2019, using data from the Global Burden of Disease project. CoD inequality and CoD diversity generally increase over time across countries and sex, but with some exceptions. In several cases (notably, Finland), both indicators run in opposite directions.Conclusions: CoD inequality and diversity indicators capture complementary information about the heterogeneity of mortality profiles, so they should be analysed alongside other population health metrics, such as life expectancy and lifespan inequality.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10873278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral jeopardy, conflicts of interest and the integrity of public health research. 道德风险、利益冲突和公共卫生研究的完整性。

IF 7.7 2区医学

International journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae023

Peter J Adams, Melissa-Jade Gregan

引用次数: 0