International journal of epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Cohort Profile: Kinship, nuptiality and child well-being in Africa-the JAMO study.","authors":"Sangeetha Madhavan, Kirsten Stoebenau, Kenneth Leonard, Estelle Sidze, Blessing Mberu, Patricia Kitsao-Wekulo, Elizabeth Kimani, Carol Wainaina, Milka Omuya, Michael Wagner, Heide Jackson","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag178","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13540423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripubertal pregnancies and associations with health and developmental outcomes in offspring during late adolescence and adulthood: sibling-comparison register study.","authors":"Vasudha Ahuja, Ayako Hiyoshi, Helena Backman, David Simmons, Scott Montgomery","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag153","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We examined the association of peripubertal pregnancies with long-term health and developmental outcomes in adult offspring and strengthened causal inference using sibling-comparison methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using linked Swedish register data from 1964 to 2018, we conducted a cohort study to estimate associations of pregnancies before age 16 years compared with pregnancies between ages 16 and 25 years, with body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), cognitive function, and stress resilience among 943 444 male offspring aged 17-21 years in the Military Conscription Register. We further assessed associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D), depression, and anxiety among 2 461 510 male and female offspring aged 18-73 years using population-wide registers. Linear, multinomial, and survival models were used. Sibling fixed-effect models were used to account for unmeasured confounding shared among siblings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Offspring from pregnancies before age 16 years compared with pregnancies between ages 16 and 25 years had lower SBP (β - 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.97 to -0.26), poorer cognitive function (β  - 0.54; 95% CI -0.67 to -0.40), and poorer stress resilience (β -0.24; 95% CI -0.38, -0.10). There was no increased risk of being underweight or overweight compared with normal weight. There was a lower risk of anxiety (hazard ratio 0.87; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.95) and no increased risk of T2D or depression. Sibling-comparison analyses attenuated deleterious associations to null or reversed them and amplified associations with markers of better health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnancies before age 16 years may not be causally associated with adverse long-term health and developmental outcomes in adolescent and adult offspring. The adverse associations in conventional analyses appear attributable to shared familial characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity across the adult life course and the risk of invasive ovarian cancer.","authors":"Jennifer A Ritonja, Sreenath Madathil, Belinda Nicolau, Lisa Leung, Vikki Ho, Michal Abrahamowicz, Anita Koushik","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag160","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and ovarian cancer risk have shown inconsistent results. Most studies measured recreational MVPA once during late adulthood, which does not consider the way in which timing may differently influence risk or account for MVPA from other activities. Life-course epidemiology models (critical-period, sensitive-period, and accumulation) can evaluate whether the timing and cumulative burden of total MVPA across the lifespan influences risk. Here, we identify which model best describes the association between total MVPA, encompassing recreational, occupational, household, and transportation activities, and invasive ovarian cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in Montreal, Canada (2011-16) included 268 invasive cases and 668 controls aged ≥52 years. Total MVPA was determined by using recalled information on the frequency and duration of various physical activities across adulthood. A Bayesian relevant life course exposure model was used to estimate the relative importance of total MVPA, represented as average energy expenditure in units of metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours/week, during three pre-specified periods (early reproductive years, late reproductive years/perimenopause, and postmenopause) on invasive ovarian cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lifetime-effect odds ratio comparing ≥50 vs <50 MET-hours/week across adulthood was 0.59 (95% credible interval: 0.35-0.93). MVPA during late reproductive years/perimenopause showed the highest relative importance, suggesting that this may be a sensitive period. Associations were similar for serous and non-serous subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results support that higher MVPA across the adult life course is associated with a reduced invasive ovarian cancer risk and mid-adulthood, represented by late reproductive years/perimenopause, may be a sensitive period.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13524439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Resource Profile: The National Dental Centre Singapore Oral Disease Registry (NDCS-ODR).","authors":"Marco Aurélio Peres, Pinyan Liu, John Rong Hao Tay","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag171","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Resource Profile: Australia's Person Level Integrated Data Asset (PLIDA).","authors":"Carrie Samuels, Rosemary J Korda, Sergey Timonin, Phillip Gould, Jennifer Welsh","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag202","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of birth-cohort patterns in lifestyle-associated cancer mortality across high-income countries.","authors":"Octavio N Bramajo, Leah R Abrams, Neil K Mehta","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag198","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyag198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer mortality levels have declined across high-income countries, but progress has been uneven by cancer type. Examining birth-cohort patterns of lifestyle-related cancer mortality in an international context can shed light on how shared and differential global lifestyle transitions manifest differently across national contexts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used harmonized cause-of-death data from the Human Cause of Death series of the Human Mortality Database for Canada, Czechia, England & Wales, France, Germany, Japan, Spain, and the USA from 2000 to 2020. We examined mortality from lung and larynx, colorectal, stomach, and liver cancer for ages 30-84 years by using rates of mortality improvement displayed on Lexis surfaces. Single-age death rates were estimated from grouped data by using penalized composite link models. Two-factor Poisson models and sex-stratified surfaces served as sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All eight countries showed declining age-standardized cancer mortality, but with diverging trends by cause and birth cohorts. Lung and larynx cancer declined broadly, with mortality patterns reflecting cohort cigarette-smoking histories. Colorectal cancer mortality increased among cohorts born after 1960 in the USA, Canada, and England & Wales, with a similar but delayed pattern in France and Germany. Liver cancer mortality was higher for cohorts born in 1945-55 than for earlier and later cohorts in several countries, with a re-emerging adverse pattern among cohorts born in around 1970-80.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Birth-cohort patterns in lifestyle-associated cancer mortality differ across national contexts. Worsening colorectal and liver cancer trends among younger cohorts call for increased prevention and screening strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13641068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mailed faecal immunochemical test programmes and educational inequalities in colorectal cancer screening in Europe: a difference-in-differences analysis.","authors":"Vladimir Jolidon, Frerik Smit, Katrijn Delaruelle, Cornelia Wagner, Bernadette W A van der Linden, Piet Bracke, Sorana Toma, Claudine Burton-Jeangros, Stéphane Cullati","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyag222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has contributed to reducing CRC incidence and mortality in Europe. However, inequalities in screening persist, with lower participation among individuals with lower educational attainment. It remains unclear whether screening programmes can mitigate these inequalities. This study examined the impact of mailed faecal immunochemical test (FIT) programmes on screening participation and related educational inequalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed repeated cross-sectional data from 202 976 respondents aged 50-74 in 24 European countries from the European Health Interview Survey (2014 and 2019), a nationally administered population-based survey. Outcomes were self-reported stool-based screening uptake (lifetime and past 2 years). Educational attainment was categorized into three levels (lower, middle, higher) based on ISCED-2011. We used a difference-in-differences design to compare changes in screening uptake between 2014 and 2019 in countries that implemented nationwide FIT programmes and countries that did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In countries that implemented FIT programmes, lifetime and past-2-year screening uptake increased by 28.3 (95% CI: 12.3-44.3) and 30.2 (95% CI: 13.8-46.6) percentage points (ppts), respectively, compared with countries without programmes. The increase was larger among individuals with middle than higher education, with an additional 8.9 (95% CI: 3.3-14.5) ppts for lifetime and 6.4 (95% CI: 1.5-11.2) ppts for past-2-year uptake, indicating a reduction in inequality between these groups. No reduction in inequality was observed between individuals with lower and higher education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mailed FIT programmes increased stool-based screening uptake and reduced inequalities between individuals with middle and higher education. To further promote equity in CRC screening, future initiatives should prioritize individuals with lower educational attainment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and factors associated with the seroprevalence of arboviruses in Guinea: a nationwide cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Salifou Talassone Bangoura, Abdoul Karim Soumah, Alpha-Kabinet Keita, Haby Diallo, Sidikiba Sidibé, Ahidjo Ayouba, Maladho Diaby, Tesla Murairi Mirimo, Castro Gbêmêmali Hounmenou, Martine Peeters, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Kadio Jean-Jacques Olivier Kadio, Alpha Kabiné Keita, Philippe Vanhems, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaporte, Alioune Camara, Michèle Ottmann, Nagham Khanafer, Abdoulaye Touré","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyag203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although arboviruses constitute a growing global public health threat, data on their circulation in Guinea remain limited. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence, spatial distribution, and associated factors of arboviruses in Guinea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey between May and July 2023 among individuals aged ≥5 years in households across Guinea. Household, environmental, and socio-demographic data were collected by using a questionnaire. IgG antibodies against eight arboviruses were detected using Luminex MagPix assays: dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile (WNV), Usutu (USUV), chikungunya (CHIKV), O'nyong'nyong (ONNV), Rift Valley fever (RVFV), and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHFV). Seroprevalence and associated factors were analysed by using descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression with spatial components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1098 participants from 367 households were included. Overall seroprevalence of arboviruses was 25.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 22.0-28.0]. The highest seroprevalences were observed for ZIKV (12.0%; 95% CI 9.8-15.0) and WNV (11.6%; 95% CI 9.5-14.0). Boké and Kindia showed higher seroprevalence for ZIKV (33.0% and 22.9%, respectively), WNV (15.0% and 46.6%, respectively), and USUV (19.0% and 23.7%, respectively). In multilevel logistic regression, age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.51; 95% CI 1.32-1.77], female sex (aOR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.17-2.16), and people from rich households (aOR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.11-2.43) were associated with seropositivity, with regional heterogeneity (intercept variance = 1.22; 1.10 SD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This nationwide survey confirmed widespread arbovirus circulation in Guinea, highlighting a largely underestimated burden. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance and vector control are essential to mitigate future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149030519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining the public health problem in epidemiology: Clarifying operational boundaries for a post‑pandemic discipline.","authors":"Jose Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes, Marco A Peres","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyag193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile Update: the Shanghai Preconception Cohort on parental one‑carbon metabolism and offspring health.","authors":"Yi Zhang, Qinyu Yao, Xiaotian Chen, Yalan Dou, Wennan He, Yuanchen He, Mengru Li, Dingmei Wang, Hongyan Chen, Yuanzhou Peng, Xiaojing Ma, Wei Sheng, Weili Yan, Guoying Huang","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyag200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyag200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}