International journal of epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Building the global evidence on text message reminders to increase timely childhood vaccination.","authors":"Annette K Regan, Sheena G Sullivan","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile: The Cancer Risk Attributable to the Body Art of Tattooing (CRABAT) study.","authors":"Bayan Hosseini, Rachel McCarty, Marie Zins, Marcel Goldberg, Céline Ribet, Ines Schreiver, Khaled Ezzedine, Joachim Schüz, Milena Foerster","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf132","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyaf132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ambient temperature on hospital admissions and mortality among older adults with and without dementia in South Korea.","authors":"Garam Byun, Sera Kim, Natalia Festa, Yongsoo Choi, Woong-Woo Lee, Jong-Tae Lee, Thomas M Gill, Michelle L Bell","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf142","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyaf142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia is a growing health problem as the global population ages. However, the research on the effects of ambient temperatures on various health outcomes among people with dementia remains limited. This study examined the association between daily temperatures and hospital admissions for dementia among older adults with dementia, as well as their association with all-cause hospital admissions and mortality among individuals with and without dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort from 2002 to 2019, consisting of approximately one million older adults in South Korea. Individuals with dementia were identified based on medical claims. Daily mean temperatures were obtained from national monitoring stations and averaged at the province level. We employed a time-stratified case-crossover design to estimate the association between daily temperatures and the risk of hospital admissions and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the total cohort of 1 057 784 individuals, 78 424 were identified as having dementia. The association between temperature and dementia admissions showed a hockey stick-shaped curve, indicating an elevated risk at higher temperatures. The relative risk (RR) for dementia admissions at the 99th percentile temperature compared to the 50th percentile temperature was 1.36 (95% confidence interval: 1.19-1.57). Individuals with dementia showed more pronounced increases in all-cause hospital admissions and mortality at high temperatures compared to those without dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found that high temperatures increased the risk of hospital admissions for dementia in older adults with dementia. Additionally, those with dementia may experience greater health impacts from extreme temperatures than those without, due to physiological and behavioral vulnerabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Comments on measurement error and information bias in causal diagrams\" by Zheng and Li.","authors":"Jonathan M Snowden, Kelly M Reavis, Melissa T Wardle","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential bias introduced into COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies at primary care level due to the availability of SARS-CoV-2 tests in the general population.","authors":"Charlotte Lanièce Delaunay,Baltazar Nunes,Susana Monge,Marit de Lange,Gergő Túri,Ausenda Machado,Neus Latorre-Margalef,Ivan Mlinarić,Mihaela Lazar,Paloma Botella Rocamora,Annika Erdwiens,Noémie Sève,Lisa Domegan,Iván Martínez-Baz,Mariëtte Hooiveld,Beatrix Oroszi,Raquel Guiomar,Maike Sperk,Sanja Kurečić Filipović,Catalina Pascu,Juan Antonio Linares Dopido,Ralf Dürrwald,Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti,Adele McKenna,Jesús Castilla,Cheyenne van Hagen,Mirjam Knol,Sabrina Bacci,Marlena Kaczmarek,Esther Kissling,","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf086","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDWith SARS-CoV-2 self-tests, persons with acute respiratory infections (ARI) can know their COVID-19 status. This may alter their decision to consult a general practitioner (GP), potentially biasing COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies. We explore bias mechanisms, simulate magnitude, and verify control methods.METHODSWe used directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to illustrate the bias mechanisms. Based on the European primary care VEBIS multicentre test-negative design (TND) study, we simulated populations with varying true VE (20%-60%), proportions of persons with ARI self-testing (10%-30%), effect of COVID-19 vaccination on self-testing (1.5-2.5), and effect of self-test result on GP consultation (0.5-2). We performed 5000 runs per scenario, estimating VE among those consulting a GP. We calculated bias as true VE minus mean simulated VE, unadjusted and adjusted for self-testing, using logistic regression.RESULTSDAGs suggested collider stratification bias if vaccination had an effect on self-testing and if self-test results affected GP consultation. Bias was -12% to 18% at 20% true VE, with the most extreme associations and 30% self-testing. With 60% true VE and 10%-20% self-testing, bias was lower. Bias was higher (-18% to 45%) if both positive and negative self-test results affected GP consultation. Adjusting for self-testing removed the bias.CONCLUSIONSSelf-testing may bias COVID-19 VE TND studies in primary care if self-testing is high, particularly with low VE. We recommend primary care TND VE studies collect self-testing information to eliminate potential bias. Observational studies are needed to understand the relationship between vaccination, self-testing, and GP consultation, in these studies' source population.","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing scores and causal diagrams.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Maryam Nazemipour, Mahyar Etminan","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The propensity score (PS) is the probability of exposure given the confounders and the disease risk score (DRS) is the probability of disease given confounders and the exposure, setting the exposure to a fixed value. PS and DRS are balancing scores and frequently used for confounding adjustment, especially in the presence of high-dimensional confounding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we use causal diagrams to present the role of PS and DRS in confounding adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We graphically show the balancing properties of theoretical PS and DRS: conditional on PS, the exposure is independent of the confounders, and conditional on DRS, the potential outcome under no exposure is independent of the confounders. Moreover, we illustrate how PS and DRS can be used in the analysis for confounding adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Causal diagrams can help researchers to better understand confounding adjustment by using PS and DRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile: Preconception Reproductive Health and Birth Outcome Cohort (PREBIC) in Chongqing, China.","authors":"Huan Yang,Wenzheng Zhou,Niya Zhou,Qing Chen,Tong Wang,Hua Zhang,Haiyan Zhang,Lan Wang,Nianrong Wang,Chunli Li,Yang He,Qiao Huang,Linna Wei,Hongyan Chen,Xin Ming,Yannan Li,Xi Ling,Peng Zou,Xiao Jiang,Jianping Chen,Lin Ao,Jinyi Liu,Ziyuan Zhou,Hongbo Qi,Wei Zhou,Jia Cao","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with long-term survival of invasive breast cancer patients in Belgium: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Eva Kimpe, Sven Van Laere, Sara-Lise Busschaert, Max Lelie, Ellen Tisseghem, Xavier Rygaert, Kurt Barbé, Pieter Cornu, Mark De Ridder, Koen Putman","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) survive treatment and become long-term survivors. This study examines the association between long-term survival of female BC patients and clinical factors, socio-economic determinants, healthcare utilization, and drug use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective population-based survival study uses linked cancer registry data, claims, and social security data at the individual level for all Belgian women diagnosed with invasive BC in 2010 (n = 9982). Ten-year survival probabilities were computed by using Kaplan-Meier and relative survival curves. A Weibull mixture cure model was employed to perform multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The population consisted of women with early-stage (75.0%), locally advanced (13.1%), and metastatic BC (5.9%). The overall 10-year unadjusted survival was 68.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 67.1%-69.3%], with decreasing survival in older women. However, survival was lower in women age <40 years compared with those aged 40-60 years. Multivariate analysis revealed that age was associated with long-term survivorship (odds ratio, 0.919; 95% CI, 0.918-0.919). Women receiving multimodal treatment (surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and systemic treatment) were more likely to become long-term survivors compared with women receiving other treatments. Lastly, beneficiaries of increased reimbursement had lower odds of long-term survivorship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the association between long-term survivorship in women diagnosed with invasive BC and factors such as age at diagnosis, treatment scheme, and entitlement to increased reimbursement. It is crucial to inform clinicians and policymakers on the appropriate use of mixture cure models, as their results can substantially impact healthcare decision-making. Furthermore, tailored BC screening strategies are essential to reduce social inequalities and mortality disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on outpatient care for non-communicable diseases in Nepal.","authors":"Rajina Shakya, Meghnath Dhimal, Pramod Joshi, Umesh Raj Aryal, Pradip Gynawali, Dinesh Bhandari","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf100","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyaf100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The implementation of restriction and mitigation measures to contain COVID-19 infection led to a significant disruption in the delivery of essential health services. However, the ramifications of the immediate COVID-19 containment policies on healthcare service utilization for major non-communicable diseases (NCDs)-related cases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an interrupted time series study design, fitted with quasi-Poisson regression models, to assess the impacts of the nationwide lockdown on hospital visits for NCDs, namely cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic respiratory disease (CRD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), cancer, and hypertension (HTN)-related cases, in Nepal. A total of 33 months of nationwide outpatient department visits data for NCD cases between July 2018 and April 2021, 20 months before and 13 months after the enforcement of the nationwide lockdown, were included in the final analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the expected level, there was an estimated 73% [relative risk (RR) 0.269, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.089-0.808] decrease in outpatient department visits for CVD and a 64% (RR 0.361, 95% CI: 0.175-0.745) decrease for cancer. Although an immediate reduction in outpatient department visits was observed, the evidence was not conclusive to determine the true effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient department visits for CRD (RR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.651-1.228), HTN (RR 1.004, 95% CI: 0.64-1.575), and kidney disease (RR 0.589, 95% CI: 0.231-1.501).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We estimated that the nationwide lockdown implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic affected hospital visits for patients with CVD and cancer. However, the available evidence was not conclusive enough to determine the impact of COVID-19 on outpatient department visits for the other NCDs analysed, namely HTN, CRD, and CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and lower urinary tract symptoms in adolescence: the mediating effect of inflammation.","authors":"Kimberley Burrows, Jon Heron, Gemma Hammerton, Ana L Goncalves Soares, Carol Joinson","doi":"10.1093/ije/dyaf111","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ije/dyaf111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is evidence that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in adulthood, but few studies have explored these associations in adolescence. Little is known about the biological mechanisms that could explain these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 4745) on ACEs (from birth to age 8 years), LUTS at age 14 years [any urinary incontinence (UI), daytime and bedwetting, urgency, nocturia, frequent urination, voiding postponement, and low voiding volume], and inflammatory biomarkers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) measured at age 9 years. We examined associations between the summed ACE score and LUTS, and inflammation and LUTS. We then evaluated the mediating effects of IL-6 and CRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ACE scores were associated with increased odds of LUTS, e.g. a one-unit increase in the ACE score was associated with an increased odds of any UI [odds ratio (OR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.30]. Higher levels of IL-6 were associated with increased odds of LUTS, e.g. any UI (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.47). There was weak evidence that the associations between ACE score and LUTS were mediated by IL-6 (e.g. any UI ORnatural_indirect_effect 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06). There was no evidence that CRP was associated with LUTS or mediated the association between ACE score and LUTS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports novel findings that point to inflammation as being a possible mechanism on the causal pathway from ACEs to LUTS. Early intervention is needed in childhood to prevent LUTS persisting into adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14147,"journal":{"name":"International journal of epidemiology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}