International Journal of Fatigue最新文献

{"title":"Statistical calibration of ultrasonic fatigue testing machine and probabilistic fatigue life estimation","authors":"Sina Safari ,&nbsp;Diogo Montalvão ,&nbsp;Pedro R. da Costa ,&nbsp;Luís Reis ,&nbsp;Manuel Freitas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new statistical technique is proposed to quantify the experimental uncertainty observed during ultrasonic fatigue testing of metals and its propagation into the stress-lifetime predictive curve. Hierarchical Bayesian method is employed during the calibration and operation steps of ultrasonic fatigue testing for the first time in this paper. This is particularly important due to the significant dispersion observed in stress-life data within the high and very high cycle fatigue regimes. First, the measurement systems, including displacement laser readings and high-speed camera system outputs, are cross-calibrated. Second, a statistical learning approach is applied to establish the stress-deformation relationship, leveraging Digital Image Correlation (DIC) measurements of strain and laser displacement measurements at the ultrasonic machine specimen’s tip. Third, an additional hierarchical layer is introduced to infer the uncertainty in stress-life curves by incorporating learned stress distributions and the distribution of fatigue failure cycles. The results identify key sources of uncertainty in UFT and demonstrate that a hierarchical Bayesian approach provides a systematic framework for quantifying these uncertainties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109028"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalised notch stress method to evaluate the fatigue behaviour of rough and smooth wire arc additively manufactured components","authors":"Xiongfeng Ruan ,&nbsp;Burak Karabulut ,&nbsp;Jelena Dobrić ,&nbsp;Barbara Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fatigue life of components under cyclic loading is highly sensitive to surface conditions, as imperfections lead to stress concentrations and early fatigue crack initiation. This study investigates the fatigue performance of both rough and smooth specimens made from S355 low-alloy carbon steel using a cold metal transfer (CMT)-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. Three types of specimens (machined, sinuous and raster specimens) with different surface geometries are fabricated. Rough fatigue coupons are cut using waterjet cutting from the as-deposited walls while keeping the rough surface unmachined. The geometric properties of rough fatigue coupons are quantified by a 3D laser scanner, followed by static tensile tests, hardness measurements and fatigue tests. Fatigue crack initiation and propagation for different surface types are analysed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Several computational methods, including the numerical local fatigue stress evaluation, the hot spot stress method and the effective notch stress method, are analysed for their effectiveness in assessing the fatigue resistance of rough specimens. A generalised notch stress method based on notch stress theory is proposed and validated. Our results prove that the fatigue performance of specimens with different surface conditions can be unified using the proposed generalised notch stress method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109045"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of fatigue performance of low-alloy steels with a sulfurized layer using fine particle peening as pre-treatment under rotating bending","authors":"Shotaro Noguchi ,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Mitake ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Kurosaka ,&nbsp;Kosuke Doi ,&nbsp;Hisashi Harada ,&nbsp;Shoichi Kikuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of a hybrid surface modification combining fine particle peening (FPP), which is defined as peening using particles less than 200 μm in diameter, and sulfurizing on the fatigue properties of low-alloy steels (AISI4120) were investigated. Three types of sulfurized samples were prepared by electrochemical polishing and FPP with iron(II) sulfide (FeS) particles or steel particles as a pre-treatment. Fatigue tests were conducted under rotating bending to evaluate the fatigue performance of sulfurized specimens pre-treated with FPP in ambient air. FPP using steel particles increased the fatigue limit of specimens treated with sulfurizing. Moreover, residual stress was measured using the cos<em>α</em> method before and after fatigue tests under constant stress amplitude to examine the mechanism by which the fatigue limit increases considering residual stress relaxation. In addition, the microstructure of surface-modified specimens was analysed using electron backscattered diffraction and X-ray diffraction. Fine crystal grains were formed by FPP; however, the fine-grained layer formed by FPP using FeS particles disappeared during the subsequent sulfurizing. By contrast, fine grains formed by FPP using steel particles remained during the following sulfurizing, which resulted in an improvement of the fatigue performance of sulfurized steels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109043"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theoretical model for three-dimensional fatigue crack closure and growth under variable amplitude loadings","authors":"Pengfei Cui ,&nbsp;Jianqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Wanlin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatigue crack closure (FCC) and growth (FCG) behavior under variable amplitude loading (VAL) are ubiquitous in engineering structures. With the plasticity-induced cack closure concept, Budiansky and Hutchinson (1978) pioneered the analytical FCC model under plane stress state and constant amplitude loading (CAL) conditions with stress ratio <em>R</em> ≥ 0. Here, we developed the analytical model into three-dimensional (3D) FCC and FCG under VAL, by which the FCG life under CAL as well as VAL can be predicted only based on the FCG data from the standard CAL testing, and free from any empirical parameters. Under CAL, the present model shows that the opening-stress ratio increases with increasing stress ratio and decreases with increasing applied maximum stress and 3D constraint levels, in good agreement with finite element and experimental data from the literature. Validations against one hundred and thirty-three experiments available from the literature, including eight materials and three types of specimens with through-the-thickness and surface cracks, show that the predicted FCG life is within 0.4 to 2.5 times of the experimental results under both CAL and VAL. It is found that the coupling effects of stress ratio, 3D constraint, applied maximum stress and load history on FCC and FCG can be effectively unified by the present theoretical model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109042"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue crack propagation for Ultra-High-Performance Concrete-normal strength concrete interface with restrained strain","authors":"Youyou Zhang ,&nbsp;Hucheng Feng ,&nbsp;Jiarui Zhao ,&nbsp;Haohui Xin ,&nbsp;Yongkui Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109039","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;As an advanced construction material, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has gained prominence in rehabilitating aging concrete infrastructure. When UHPC is bonded to normal strength concrete (NC), the interface between two types of concrete becomes a potential weak link, especially under fatigue loading. This vulnerability is further compounded by restrained shrinkage, which arises from the significant mismatch in shrinkage behavior between UHPC and NC, leading to stress concentrations at the interface. This research delves into the fatigue crack propagation behavior at the UHPC-normal strength concrete (NC) interface under restrained strain conditions. The study’s novelty stems from its focus on the relationship between restrained strain and fatigue crack propagation at the UHPC-NC interface, an area largely unexplored in previous research. The experimental program encompassed free and restrained shrinkage tests, as well as Mode I and Mode I-II mixed fatigue tests under restrained strain conditions. Variables such as the addition of shrinkage-mitigating additives, curing conditions, and mode types were investigated. The interfacial restrained strain between UHPC and NC was examined, and the fatigue behavior of UHPC-NC interfaces was analyzed, covering fatigue life, failure patterns, compliance behavior, fatigue strain analysis, and fatigue damage evolution. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was utilized to explore the link between restrained strain at the UHPC-NC interface and the maximum crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD). Findings reveal that adding shrinkage-mitigating additives effectively reduces the free shrinkage of UHPC, thereby decreasing the interfacial restrained strain at the UHPC-NC interface. For instance, in Mode I specimens cured under natural conditions, the restrained strain decreased from 143.4 με to 2.4 με. This reduction significantly alleviates interfacial stress concentrations and reduces the potential of crack initiation. Specimens without shrinkage-mitigating additives (NC-w/o-I, SC-w/o-I, NC-w/o-MIX and SC-w/o-MIX) show crack propagation characterized by initial deviation into the NC substrate, followed by vertical progression and slight extension toward the loading point. In contrast, specimens with shrinkage-mitigating additives (NC-w/-I and NC-w/-MIX) exhibit interfacial crack propagation confined to the UHPC side, despite lower restrained strain values. For Mode I-II mixed specimens, a strong correlation exists between restrained strain and crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD), with a Spearman’s coefficient of 1. By clarifying the mechanisms underlying interfacial fatigue performance, this study enhances the understanding of UHPC-NC composite systems and lays the groundwork for improving their design and durability. The results hold significant implications for the construction and maintenance of infrastructure, particularly in applications where UHPC is used to enhance the performance of","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109039"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the fatigue design strength of steel butt welded joints: Size and geometrical effects","authors":"Paolo Livieri,&nbsp;Roberto Tovo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the issue of the influence of geometry and size on the fatigue strength of steel butt weld joints. It aims to develop a series of continuously defined influencing factors, similar to the stress concentration factors in conventional un-welded notches. Such coefficients are mainly based on theoretical outcomes from Fracture Mechanics and Notch Mechanics and, where necessary, they are defined by the extensive use of parametrical numerical investigations. The relationship between stress raising factors and strength assessment reduction is explored by using local stress approaches as well as Notch Stress Intensity Factors and local effective stress.</div><div>The main result is a clear definition of the size effect related to the dimensions and opening angle. Further secondary factors are investigated: bead shape, thickness over bead dimension ratio and toe radius.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of fatigue crack propagation under non-proportional multiaxial loading","authors":"Bemin Sheen,&nbsp;Catrin Davies,&nbsp;David Nowell","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blisks (bladed disks) are critical components in modern aero-engines that offer significant weight savings compared to conventional blade and disk rotor designs, resulting in improved fuel efficiency. However, due to their integrated design, blisks are susceptible to unique failure modes following foreign object damage (FOD) and crack initiation. Of particular interest is the trajectory of crack propagation from FOD sites, which determines whether failure will occur via a blade-off event or rupture of the blisk.</div><div>This work presents an experimental test setup which replicates the key features of non-proportional loading in a blisk. A novel feature of the test rig was the ability to apply loads independently in three axes using a biaxial machine equipped with only two hydraulic servo-actuators. A series of multiaxial fatigue tests were completed on notched cruciform specimens and a wide range of crack trajectories were achieved, validating the design of the test rig.</div><div>Crack trajectories produced by non-proportional load paths are not accurately predicted by conventional criteria, such as the maximum tensile stress criterion (MTS), when cracks are subject to high mean mode-II loads. The results of these experiments underscore the complexity of modelling non-proportionally loaded cracks and the acquired crack trajectory data is a useful tool for validating further models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of multilevel lamellar microstructures on notch high cycle fatigue damage micromechanism of TC21 alloy","authors":"Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Chaowen Huang ,&nbsp;Jiang Yang ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Tianxin Li ,&nbsp;Changsheng Tan ,&nbsp;Weiju Jia ,&nbsp;Mingpan Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effect of multilevel lamellar microstructures (MLMs) on notch high cycle fatigue (NHCF) property and microcrack initiation behavior of TC21 alloy were systematically investigated. The MLMs was created via a triple heat treatment, including parallel-aligned α laths (α_lath) within the α colony (α_c) and aged α fine lamellae (α_fine) in the β transformation matrix (β_trans). Results indicate that microstructural refinement and an increase in heterogeneous regions adversely affect NHCF properties. Most microcracks initiate within slip and shear deformation bands located in heterogeneous areas, which act as fatal sites for fatigue damage. The activation of early {0002}_α basal slip and subsequent formation of {1<span><math><mover><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>02}_α pyramidal slip are main driver that contribute to the initiation of microvoids and microcracks within the α phase. Localized uneven deformation is a prerequisite for the activation of basal slip. Moreover, under higher cyclic stress and lower α₂ nanoparticles content, both basal slip and pyramidal slip coexist within the α_lath, resulting in the formation of cross persistent slip bands (PSBs) and localized hardening. This process further facilitates the initiation of microvoids and microcracks within the α_lath. Crucially, the initial slip of dislocations and their interactions with interfaces also contribute to microvoids formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109013"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro- and nanostructural investigations of high and ultra-high performance concrete under fatigue","authors":"Michael Engelhardt ,&nbsp;Andreas Kalytta-Mewes ,&nbsp;Dirk Volkmer ,&nbsp;Jessica Lohmann ,&nbsp;Martin Ritter ,&nbsp;Gunnar Schaan ,&nbsp;Frank Schmidt-Döhl ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abubakar Ali ,&nbsp;Marco Basaldella ,&nbsp;Michael Haist ,&nbsp;Bianca Kern ,&nbsp;Ludger Lohaus ,&nbsp;Nadja Oneschkow ,&nbsp;Corinna Rozanski ,&nbsp;Tim Timmermann ,&nbsp;Christian U. Grosse ,&nbsp;Veit Birtel ,&nbsp;Harald Garrecht ,&nbsp;Hamid Madadi ,&nbsp;Martin Markert ,&nbsp;Holger Steeb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fine-grained UHPC, both undamaged and damaged by fatigue loading, was comparatively examined by various microstructural analytical methods, to evaluate the different techniques with respect to their applicability and relevance for the investigation of fatigue damage processes. The fatigue tests were stopped at the transition from phase II to phase III of the s-shaped strain development. The cyclic compression loading was performed with a frequency of <em>f</em>_t = 1<!--> <!-->Hz, and a stress level between <em>S</em>_min = 0.05 and <em>S</em>_max = 0.75 (f_cm = 170.2 MPa). The fatigue process under these loading conditions is dominated by alterations and damages on the nano-scale, that can be observed by transmission electron microscopy. The resulting coarsening of the pore structure was also visible with dynamic vapor sorption. Nanoindentation indicates, that changes of the HD-C-S-H-phase occur. IR spectroscopy also indicates changes of the C-S-H phase and thermal analysis changes of the water content. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) gave insight into the complex Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio changes. The acoustic emission technique gives information on the different processes during the single phases of fatigue and reveal a very different damage behaviour of dry and moist materials. Some microcracks are visible with light microscopy. It appears, that the number of cracks after fatigue is higher than before. With X-ray computed tomography, X-ray powder diffraction, the drying behaviour, the free water uptake, the water uptake under vacuum and by mercury intrusion porosimetry no significant differences between specimens with and without fatigue loading could be observed in this examination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109038"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue performance of cold spray repaired aluminium alloy 7075","authors":"Ali Bakir ,&nbsp;Rosemary Reed ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Abdul Syed ,&nbsp;Philippa Reed ,&nbsp;Phil McNutt ,&nbsp;Matthew Dore","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.109036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cold Spray is a solid-state deposition technique where metal powder particles are accelerated to supersonic velocities by a pressurised gas jet, forming a solid-state bond with the substrate through rapid, localised plastic deformation. Recent advancements in cold spray have enabled its application as an additive manufacturing and repair technology. This study investigates the structural integrity of AA7075 specimens repaired using cold spray, focusing on the crack initiation mechanism and the influence of repair geometry on fatigue behaviour. Results showed that groove-repaired specimens exhibited improved much fatigue life. At lower stress levels (maximum stress 200–250 MPa, <em>R</em> ratio 0.1), repaired specimens demonstrated comparable fatigue performance to undamaged specimens, underscoring the effectiveness of cold spray patches in reducing stress concentrations. Fractography analysis revealed that cracks in the groove- and dent-repaired specimens consistently initiated at the substrate surface from small craters formed during particle impact. These findings highlight the potential of cold spray technology for extending the fatigue life of structural components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14112,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fatigue","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109036"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}