International Journal of Nanomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Tendon Healing and Regulate Macrophage Polarization in Preventing Tendinopathy.","authors":"Rao Chen, Liya Ai, Jiying Zhang, Dong Jiang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S466363","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S466363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tendon injuries present a significant challenge for independent repair, and can progress into tendinopathy over time, highlighting the importance of early intervention. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (DEXs) has been shown to shift the polarization of M1 macrophages, the predominant inflammatory cells in the early stages of tendon injury. This study introduces a therapeutic approach that effectively manages inflammation while promoting regeneration in the treatment of tendinopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The purification and characterization of DEXs were meticulously conducted. Experiments were carried out using an Achilles tendon rupture mouse model, with weekly DEXs treatment starting on postoperative day (POD) 4. In vitro, the function of DEXs was assessed by coculturing them with tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in culture medium containing IL-1β. Tendon healing progress was evaluated using Sirius Red staining, Masson's trichrome staining, biomechanical testing, and immunofluorescence microscopy. The inflammatory microenvironment of injured tendons was evaluated using the Luminex procedure and flow cytometry analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DEXs treatment significantly enhanced tendon cell differentiation, promoted collagen type I synthesis, and inhibited collagen type III synthesis, thereby expediting tendon healing. Furthermore, DEXs treatment improved the inflammatory microenvironment by reducing multiple cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and induced the conversion of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DEXs demonstrated a potent ability to promote tendon healing while ameliorating the inflammatory microenvironment, suggesting their potential as a therapeutic approach to prevent the development of tendinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11701-11718"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study and Transcriptomic Analysis on the Antifungal Mechanism of Ag Nanoparticles and Nanowires Against <i>Trichosporon asahii</i>.","authors":"Minna Han, Zhikuan Xia, Yuekun Zou, Ping Hu, Mingwang Zhang, Xin Yang, Ming-Guo Ma, Rongya Yang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S474299","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S474299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Silver nanomaterials have been widely proven to have antifungal effects against <i>Trichosporon asahii</i>. However, the antifungal mechanism of silver nanomaterials with different morphologies still needs to be explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, the antifungal effect of silver nanomaterials against fungus was comparative investigated via silver nanowires and silver nanoparticles with a similar size (30 nm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal antifungal concentration of silver nanowires is 6.24 μg/mL, meanwhile the antifungal concentration of silver nanoparticles is 100 μg/mL. The silver nanowires are significantly superior to the silver nanoparticles. SEM and TEM results indicated that both silver nanoparticles and silver nanowires showed significant morphological changes in the mycelium of the strain, compared with the control. The lower MFC value of silver nanowires indicates good sterilization effect and suitability for eradication treatment, which is slower than that of silver nanoparticles. Moreover, we also investigated the toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles and silver nanowires.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We comparative studied and transcriptomic analyzed the antifungal mechanism of Ag nanoparticles and nanowires against <i>Trichosporon asahii</i>. The antifungal effects of silver nanowires were better than the silver nanoparticles, especially in the metabolic processes and oxidative phosphorylation. RNA sequencing results indicated that 15 key targets were selected for experimental verification to interpret the potential antifungal mechanism of Ag nanomaterials against fungus. This work proves that silver nanomaterials with different morphologies have potential applications in fungus therapy such as <i>T. asahii</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11789-11804"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locally Acting Budesonide-Loaded Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SMEDDS) for Distal Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Hany S M Ali, Ahmed F Hanafy, Rawan Bafail, Hamad Alrbyawi, Marey Almaghrabi, Yaser M Alahmadi, Samar El Achy","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S484277","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S484277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Budesonide (BUD) is a BCS class II medication with poor water solubility and limited oral bioavailability. In this study, innovative solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (BUD-SMEDDS) were developed for effective local management of distal ulcerative colitis (UC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on solubility and emulsification tests, the components of the self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were Capryol™ 90, Tween 80, and Transcutol HP. The impacts of BUD-SMEDDS ingredients (as inputs) on the average globule size (AGS), polydispersity index (PDI), and self-emulsification time (SET) as responses were investigated using the Box-Behnken design methodology. Solid rectal systems were then fabricated using the optimized values of SMEDDS components in Lutrol^® bases. The developed systems were evaluated for in vitro characteristics and in vivo efficacy using a rat colitis model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all responses, the greatest impact was attributed to the oil content of SMEDDS. An optimized BUD-SMEDDS with AGS of 33 ± 2.9 nm, PDI of 0.29 ± 0.03 and SET of 25 ± 2.5 s) was selected for rectal formulations. The developed formulations demonstrated acceptable physical characteristics and mucoadhesive abilities. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis revealed the absence of BUD crystallinity in the SMEDDS formulations. The drug release patterns could be regulated by selecting the grade and composition of the incorporated Lutrols. Clinical and histopathological assessments revealed considerable improvements in animals treated with BUD-SMEDDS formulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall findings confirmed the superior capability of solid SMEDDS as BUD carriers to manage distal colitis in tested animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11819-11846"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11570536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Labeling of Gold Nanoparticles with Iodine-131 for Tumor Radionuclide Therapy.","authors":"Meilin Zhu, Lingzhou Zhao, Xia Lu","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S484976","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S484976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are widely used as versatile templates to develop multifunctional nanosystems for disease diagnosis and treatment. Iodine can bind to gold via chemisorption, making this a simple method for labeling Au NPs with radioactive iodine. However, the evaluation of tumor radionuclide therapy is insufficient. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of ¹³¹I-adsorbed Au NPs as novel nanoprobes for tumor radionuclide therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Radiolabeling was performed by mixing Au NPs and ¹³¹I, and the radiochemical purity (RCP) and in vitro stability of ¹³¹I-adsorbed Au NPs were analyzed under different conditions, including various temperatures, pH values, and ¹³¹I concentrations. The tumor accumulation and therapeutic potential of ¹³¹I-adsorbed Au NPs were assessed using a subcutaneous tumor model after intratumoral injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data showed that the chemisorption of the Au NPs onto ¹³¹I was instant, specific, and quantitative. The ¹³¹I-adsorbed Au NPs exhibited high in vitro stability in different media, distinct inhibitory effects on tumor cells in vitro, good retention ability, and therapeutic effects after intratumoral injection into tumor-bearing mice in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our work demonstrates that chemisorption of Au NPs and radioiodine has great potential as a strategy for constructing various nanosystems for theranostic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11805-11818"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria-Rich Microvesicles Alleviate CNI ED by Transferring Mitochondria and Suppressing Local Ferroptosis.","authors":"Zhenkang Liang, Zehong Chen, Chaowei Zhang, Cui Chen, Wende Yang, Yuxuan Zhang, Hongbo Wei","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S488163","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S488163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Erectile dysfunction (ED) frequently arises as a complication of pelvic surgeries, including rectal and prostate surgery, and has no definitive cure. This study explored whether mitochondria-rich microvesicles (MVs) can be used to treat ED stemming from cavernous nerve injury (CNI) and investigated its potential mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We isolated MVs and mitochondria (MT) from PC12. The apoptosis rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), iron content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and endogenous antioxidant system activity of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) cultured with MVs and MT were detected in vitro. In vivo, twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group and CNI group were injected with PBS, MVs and MT respectively. After fourteen days of treatment, the erectile function was measured and penile tissues were collected for histological analysis. Subsequently, inhibition of mitochondria in MV was performed to explore the mechanism of the rescue experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CCSMCs, PC12-MVs and PC12-MT were successfully isolated and identified. After MVs culture, apoptosis rate, ROS, mtROS, iron content and MDA content of CCSMCs were significantly decreased, while MMP and the activities of endogenous antioxidant system were increased. MVs transplantation can significantly restore erectile function and smooth muscle content in CNIED rats. The rescue experiment suggested that MVs exerted the above therapeutic effect by transferring mitochondria within it.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MVs transplantation significantly improve erectile function in CNI ED rats. MVs may play a role in anti-OS and anti-ferroptosis at the transplant site through efficient transfer of mitochondria, providing a potential treatment vehicle for CNI ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11745-11765"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11570538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonodynamic and Acoustically Responsive Nanodrug Delivery System: Cancer Application.","authors":"Yong-Gyu Jeong, Joo-Hwan Park, Dongwoo Khang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S496028","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S496028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of acoustically responsive nanodrugs that are specifically optimized for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a novel approach for clinical applications. Examining the therapeutic applications of sono-responsive drug delivery systems, understanding their dynamic response to acoustic stimuli, and their crucial role in enhancing targeted drug delivery are intriguing issues for current cancer treatment. Specifically, the suggested review covers SDT, a modality that enhances the cytotoxic activity of specific compounds (sonosensitizers) using ultrasound (US). Notably, SDT offers significant advantages in cancer treatment by utilizing US energy to precisely target and activate sonosensitizers toward deep-seated malignant sites. The potential mechanisms underlying SDT involve the generation of radicals from sonosensitizers, physical disruption of cell membranes, and enhanced drug transport into cells via US-assisted sonoporation. In particular, SDT is emerging as a promising modality for noninvasive, site-directed elimination of solid tumors. Given the complexity and diversity of tumors, many studies have explored the integration of SDT with other treatments to enhance the overall efficacy. This trend has paved the way for SDT-based multimodal synergistic cancer therapies, including sonophototherapy, sonoimmunotherapy, and sonochemotherapy. Representative studies of these multimodal approaches are comprehensively presented, with a detailed discussion of their underlying mechanisms. Additionally, the application of audible sound waves in biological systems is explored, highlighting their potential to influence cellular processes and enhance therapeutic outcomes. Audible sound waves can modulate enzyme activities and affect cell behavior, providing novel avenues for the use of sound-based techniques in medical applications. This review highlights the current challenges and prospects in the development of SDT-based nanomedicines in this rapidly evolving research field. The anticipated growth of this SDT-based therapeutic approach promises to significantly improve the precision of cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11767-11788"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dextran-Graft-Polyacrylamide/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Inhibit of Cancer Cells in vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Petro Virych, Pavlo Virych, Volodymyr Prokopiuk, Anatolii Onishchenko, Mykola Ischenko, Volodymyr Doroschuk, Valentyna Kurovska, Anton Tkachenko, Nataliya Kutsevol","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S485106","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S485106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tumor drug resistance and systemic toxicity are major challenges of modern anticancer therapy. Nanotechnology makes it possible to create new materials with the required properties for anticancer therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this research, Dextran-graft-Polyacrylamide/ZnO nanoparticles were used. The study was carried out using prostate (DU-145, LNCaP, PC-3), breast (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, MCF-7 Dox) cancer cells and non-malignant (MAEC, BALB/3T3 clone A31) cells. Zinc was visualized with fluorescence in vitro and in vivo. ROS and apoptotic markers were identified by cytometry. Zinc accumulation and histopathological changes in the tumor, liver, kidney, and spleen were evaluated in a rat model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZnO nanoparticles dissociation and release of Zn²⁺ into the cytosol occurs in 2-3 hours for cancerous and non-cancerous cells. ROS upregulation was detected in all cells. For non-malignant cells, the difference between the initial ROS level was insignificant. The rate of carbohydrate metabolism in cancer cells was reduced by nanosystems. Zinc level in the tumor was upregulated by 25% and 39% after treatment with nanosystems and doxorubicin combined, respectively. The tumor Walker-256 carcinosarcoma volume was reduced twice following mono-treatment with the nanocomplex and 65-fold lower when the nanocomplex was combined with doxorubicin compared with controls. In the liver, kidney and spleen, the zinc level increased by 10-15% but no significant pathological alterations in the tissues were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>D-PAA/ZnO NPs nanosystems were internalized by prostate, breast cancer cells and non-malignant cells via endocytosis after short time, but cytotoxicity against non-cancer cells were significantly lower in vitro and in vivo. D-PAA/ZnO NPs nanocomplex efficiently promoted cell death of tumor cells without showing cytotoxicity against non-malignant cells making it a promising anti-cancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11719-11743"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Polymer-Free Sirolimus-Eluting Stent and Polymer-Coated Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Ou Yang, Yuhuan Teng, Ruoxi Zhang, Jie Qu","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S482608","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S482608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polymer-free sirolimus-eluting stent (PF-SES) possess multiple properties improving targeted drug elution and in-stent reendothelialization without the presence of polymers. The long-term clinical performance comparison between PF-SES and the latest generation polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), particularly regarding intravascular imaging assessment and in the type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) population, remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study involving 2646 diabetes patients meeting coronary artery disease (CAD) criteria underwent coronary stents in the real-world. All patients were divided into the PF-SES group and the SES group. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to evaluate the imaging characteristics of in-stent reendothelialization. Patient information between the two groups was systematically compared in hospital and at 5-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of basic characteristics, the proportion of current smoker and stable angina patients in the PF-SES group was significantly higher than that in the SES group. The PF-SES group exhibited significantly higher rate of left anterior descending (LAD) lesion and more stents per patients compared to the SES group. The value of minimum lumen area (MLA), neointimal area (NA) and neointimal thickness (NT) were higher in the PF-SES group. Additionally, the occurrence rates of heterogeneous, lipid layer, intimal tears, thrombi, and micro-vessels were notably lower in the PF-SES group compared to the SES group. A higher all-cause mortality was observed in the SES cohort.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PF-SES could effectively improve in-stent reendothelialization in patients with type 2 DM, with positive effects on survival rate and may, therefore, be considered as an alternative treatment option for improving clinical long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11689-11700"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.","authors":"Dou Zhang, Xuyi Liu, Xiong Li, Xinyi Cai, Zhenying Diao, Long Qiu, Xuelin Chen, Yuyu Liu, Jianbo Sun, Daxiang Cui, Qiaoyuan Ye, Ting Yin","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S487683","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S487683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed. In addition, in vivo imaging capabilities were observed. Finally, the tumor inhibitory effects of GNR@PEG-Qu in vivo and in vitro as well as its biosafety were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GNR@PEG-Qu shows good photothermal and anti-oxidation properties. Following exposure to 1064 nm laser irradiation in the second near-infrared II (NIR-II) window, GNR@PEG-Qu shows anti-tumor ability through low-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) adjuvant drug chemotherapy. GNR@PEG-Qu makes full use of the antioxidant capacity of quercetin, reduces ROS levels in melanoma, alleviates oxidative stress state, and achieves \"oxidative stress avoidance\" at the tumor site. Quercetin can also downregulate the expression of the heat shock protein Hsp70, which will improve the thermal sensitivity of the tumor site and enhance the efficacy of low-temperature PTT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GNR@PEG-Qu nanoagent exhibits synergistic treatment and high tumor inhibition effects, which is a promising strategy developed to achieve oxidative stress avoidance and synergistic therapy of melanoma using quercetin (Qu)-coated gold nanorod (GNR@PEG).</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11671-11688"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Ischemic Stroke by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.","authors":"Qinglu Yang, Ruitong Li, Yigen Hong, Hongsheng Liu, Chuyao Jian, Shaofeng Zhao","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S487628","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S487628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic stroke is a medical emergency for which effective treatment remains inadequate. Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenolic compound that is regarded as a potent neuroprotective agent. Compared to synthetic pharmaceuticals, Cur possesses minimal side effects and exhibits multiple mechanisms of action, offering significant advantages in the treatment of ischemic stroke. However, drawbacks such as poor water solubility and transmembrane permeability limit the efficacy of Cur. In recent years, nano-delivery systems have attracted great interest in the field of stroke therapy as an effective method to improve drug solubility and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a novel nanomedicine (Cur@GAR NPs) for ischemic stroke treatment was developed based on Cur-loaded gelatin nanoparticles (Cur@Gel NPs) that were then functionalized and modified with rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG29) to target brain tissue. The stability, antimicrobial properties, antioxidant properties, neuroprotective effects, neuronal cell uptake, and biocompatibility of Cur@GAR NPs were investigated in vitro. The in vivo therapeutic effect of Cur@GAR NPs on ischemic stroke was investigated in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model using the Morris water maze test and the open field test, and the potential mechanism of action was further investigated by histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting Cur@GAR NPs improved the solubility of Cur and exhibited good dispersion. In vitro studies have shown that Cur@GAR NPs exhibit great antimicrobial properties, antioxidant properties and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) protection. Notably, RVG29 significantly enhanced the uptake of Cur@GAR NPs by SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies verified the role of Cur@GAR NPs in reducing nerve damage and supporting neurological recovery. In the MCAO rat model, Cur@GAR NPs significantly attenuated neuroinflammation, reduced neuronal apoptosis and restored behavioral functions to a great extent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Together these findings implied that Cur@GAR NPs could provide a novel and promising approach for effective ischemic stroke treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"11633-11649"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}