International Journal of Nanomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Innovative Dual Therapy: Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles and Royal Jelly for Parotid Gland Protection in Diabetic Male Rats.","authors":"Ghada H Naguib, Rayyan A Kayal, Gamal S Abd El-Aziz, Abeer Alnowaiser, Jumana Mazhar, Abdulghani Mira, Khalid Aljohani, Mohamed T Hamed","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S522526","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S522526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nanoparticles and natural products have gained attention for their beneficial properties, but limited studies exist on the co-administration of these two therapeutic agents. In this study, both magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) and royal jelly (RJ) were evaluated for their protective potential against parotid gland damage in induced diabetic rats through the investigation of their antidiabetic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>64 male rats were divided into 8 groups: control group, MgO NPs treated group (300mg/kg/day), RJ treated group (100mg/kg/day), streptozotocin-induced diabetic group, diabetic group and concomitant MgO NPs, diabetic group and concomitant RJ, diabetic group and co-administration of both MgO NPs and RJ, and diabetic group and concomitant metformin (100mg/kg/day). After 8 weeks, the rats of all groups were anaesthetized, and blood was drawn to estimate different diabetic parameters. Saliva was collected to determine the salivary parameters. The parotid glands were excised and cut into pieces, where half was frozen for further biochemical investigations (oxidative stress and inflammatory markers) and the other assessed for histological and immunohistochemical changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of either MgO NPs or RJ to diabetic rats significantly improved the diabetic parameters and nearly restored the salivary and oxidative stress parameters to control values. There was a significant improvement in the histological and immunohistochemical alterations in the parotid gland.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both MgO NPs and RJ were effective in protecting the parotid gland from damage in the diabetic rats. These effects were even more profound when the two agents were administered together.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10301-10324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage-Targeted Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Yuhang Feng, Jiaojiao Chen, Xiaoqing Guo, Mengting Qin, Shengnan Wang, Dailiang Jiang, Xiaoming Liu, Ling Mao","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S529988","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S529988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with atherosclerosis being the primary etiology. Despite its prevalence, atherosclerosis remains inadequately controlled by conventional therapeutic interventions. The unique physicochemical properties of nanomedicine offer new hope for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Macrophages are now understood to play a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerosis, acting as both pathogenic factors and potential therapeutic targets. The inherent plasticity of macrophages significantly influences disease progression, suggesting that modulating macrophage function or abundance could provide a viable strategy to intervene in the atherosclerotic process. This review comprehensively examines the targeted delivery and controlled release of nanoparticles, providing an in-depth analysis of both passive and active targeting strategies, as well as the controlled release of therapeutic agents in response to the specific microenvironment of atherosclerotic plaques and external stimuli such as light and sound. The role of biomimetic nanomedicines in the treatment of atherosclerosis, primarily those utilizing macrophage membrane coatings and exosomes, is discussed. Finally, the current challenges facing nanomedicine in atherosclerosis treatment are analyzed, emphasizing the need for future research to investigate its mechanisms of action in depth and optimize related strategies to harness its therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10325-10352"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Dichlorophen-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Against Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>.","authors":"Panjie Hu, Huale Chen, Changrui Qian, Qingxia Fu, Shihang Zhang, Zeyu Huang, Haifeng Liu, Cui Zhou, Mo Shen, Tieli Zhou","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S532807","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S532807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The global emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (CRE) represent a major threat to effective clinical antimicrobial therapy, highlighting the urgent demand for alternative treatment strategies. This study aims to develop dichlorophen-functionalized gold nanoparticles (DDM_Au NPs) as a novel approach to combat CRE and their associated biofilms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two structurally related antiparasitic compounds, bithionol and dichlorophen, were functionalized with Au NPs using a one-pot synthesis technique and thoroughly characterized. Their antibacterial activity was assessed through standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing and bacterial growth curve analysis. Antibiofilm properties were evaluated using crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The underlying mechanism of action was investigated by measuring reactive oxygen species production and assessing bacterial membrane permeability. Biocompatibility was evaluated via hemolysis assays, in vivo murine studies, and <i>Galleria mellonella</i> infection models. A urinary catheter model contaminated with biofilms, along with murine models of abdominal and pulmonary infection, was employed to assess device-associated applicability and therapeutic efficacy in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DDM_Au NPs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against CRE, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 4 to 16 μg/mL. These nanoparticles effectively inhibited biofilm formation and promoted the disruption of mature biofilms, resulting in bacterial load reductions of 2-6  log₁₀ CFU/mL on infected urinary catheters. Mechanistic studies revealed that their antimicrobial activity was primarily driven by disruption of bacterial membrane integrity and induction of intracellular oxidative stress through elevated reactive oxygen species production. Notably, DDM_Au NPs exhibited favorable biocompatibility and significantly reduced bacterial burdens at infection sites by 4-5 log₁₀ CFU/mL, while also alleviating inflammatory responses and limiting tissue damage across multiple animal infection models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study introduces a streamlined and effective strategy for achieving both antibacterial and antibiofilm effects using antiparasitic drug-functionalized Au NPs. DDM_Au NPs show strong promise as innovative antimicrobial agents for treating clinical CRE infections and reducing environmental contamination in healthcare environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10255-10277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Phytoactives Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Amina M Dirir, Abdelmoneim Ali, Mayssa Hachem","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S537566","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S537566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, pose a significant and continuous burden on the healthcare system, urging the search for innovative therapeutical approaches targeting the central nervous system. Nowadays, no definitive treatment can effectively modulate the neuronal degeneration associated with such diseases. The current line of therapies is primarily symptomatic and suffers several drawbacks. Among these, phytochemicals are emerging for their potential in the management of neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, plants produce secondary metabolites that provide defensive functions against abiotic and biotic stresses. These metabolites can target the neurons and represent a promising therapeutic intervention for neurological disorders. However, the polar nature of phytochemicals and their large size hinder their passage through the blood-brain barrier, a selective barrier separating blood and the brain. Emerging studies have shown that the therapeutic efficiency of phytochemicals has been enhanced following their encapsulation with engineered nanocarriers such as lipid nanoparticles. Recent research indicates that delivering phytochemicals through lipid nanoparticles improves their physiological stability, promotes their passage across the blood-brain barrier, and enhances their accumulation in brain tissue-resulting in more effective neuroprotective effects than their free, unencapsulated form. Hence, the aim of the present review is to highlight the application of lipid nanoparticles as carriers for phytoactives with neuroprotective properties, discuss the current challenges associated with such nanocarriers, and provide insights into potential future research work.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10279-10300"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Targeted Delivery of Macrophage Membrane Biomimetic Liposomes Through Intranasal Administration for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke [Corrigendum].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S558808","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S558808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S458656.].</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10251-10253"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens Mediated Effective Phototherapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade for the Synergistic Treatment of Lung Cancer.","authors":"Langyu Yang, Minyan Wei, Xiaohua Deng, Linlong He, Yinshan Lin, Xufeng Lin, Dazhi Zhou, Ming Li, Aiping Qin, Lingmin Zhang, Zizhang Ouyang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S536484","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S536484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer has become one of the most fatal cancers at present. Traditional treatments showed limited therapeutic effects on lung cancer. The phototherapy has emerged as a powerful approach for lung cancer treatment. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) exhibit excellent optical performance such as strong fluorescence, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and effective thermal effect after aggregation, which show great potential in phototherapy. However, the disadvantages including hydrophobicity, low specificity, and short circulation lifetime limited their efficacy on cancer therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a biomimetic AIEgens constructed using CD8⁺ T cells membrane to camouflage the AIEgen C₄₁H₃₇N₂O₃S₂ (named BITT) nanoparticles (termed TB). The prepared TB improved the tumor accumulation of AIEgen by PD-1/PD-L1 recognition on the CD8⁺ T and LLC cell membranes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prepared TB showed improved binding efficiency, photothermal effects, and ROS generation ability to kill the lung cancer cells. TB also showed improved circulation lifetime and excellent tumor targeting ability, leading to effective phototherapy and immunotherapy in vivo based on BITT and the CD8⁺ T cell-derived membranes. Based on the AIE and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) strategies, TB enhanced the antitumor activities of lung cancer by phototherapy and immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present work developed a type of biomimetic AIEgens, which overcame the inherent limitations of conventional AIEgens and leveraged immune recognition for targeted tumor accumulation. Furthermore, the integration of AIE-driven phototherapy with immune checkpoint blockade demonstrated potent synergistic antitumor efficacy, establishing a promising combinatorial strategy against aggressive lung malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10177-10194"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Folate-Modified Smart Responsive Nanosystems for Enhancing Anti-Tumor Therapy Through Calcium Overload and Chemotherapy.","authors":"Yongcheng Tang, Jingrong Huang, Cheng Cui, Fengyi Yang, Kaifu Li, Benjian Gao, Shaozhi Fu, Xiaoli Yang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S523621","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJN.S523621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The combination of DOX and 5-Fu is an important chemotherapeutic regimen but lacks targeting to solid tumor sites. Precise drug delivery via folate-modified nanomaterials is an important measure to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CaCO₃ nanoparticles served as the carrier for loading DOX and 5-Fu, followed by encapsulation with folic acid-modified polydopamine (PDA) to form a smart dual drug-carrying nanosystem called FA-DCFP. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized and the release kinetics and anti-tumor effectiveness of FA-DCFP were studied in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prepared nanoparticles had an average particle size of 188.79±0.93nm and exhibited pH-sensitive drug release. Cellular experiments demonstrated that the synergistic effect of tumor cell calcium overload and chemotherapy resulted in tumor cell death. Small animal in vivo imaging showed that FA-DCFP was well enriched in the tumour region. In vivo experiments demonstrated that FA-DCFP exhibited significant inhibition of tumour growth, attenuation of toxic side effects, and good biosafety compared to other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An intelligent-responsive nano-dual drug delivery system was developed to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of tumors through calcium overload synergistic chemotherapy, offering a novel approach to tumor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10233-10249"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Contamination by Nosocomial Pathogens in Intensive Care Units.","authors":"Yi Ming Chu, Hong Zhang, Yeqiu Huang, Jia Li, Minmin Huang","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S539190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S539190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare systems worldwide face a significant challenge from nosocomial infections. These infections are associated with increased rates of disease, mortality, and healthcare expenses. Common issues with traditional treatment approaches include antibiotic resistance and inadequate pathogen targeting. Utilizing nanoparticles for the targeted administration of antimicrobial medications to infection areas has proven to enhance treatment outcomes while maintaining biocompatibility. Traditional diagnostic methods still rely on microbiological culture and susceptibility testing, while molecular technologies are seeing increased usage for rapid diagnosis. This review mainly aims to draw attention to the present state of nosocomial infections by outlining their prevalence and the ways in which nanotechnology is used to treat these illnesses. This study provides a thorough examination of the nanotherapeutic methods that have recently developed, with an emphasis on the clinical implications of different types of nanoparticles for the purpose of reducing the prevalence of nosocomial infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10213-10231"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sticky Bone: Advances and Applications.","authors":"Zheng Yang, Shaobo Zhai, Yang Liu, Yuchuan Wu, Tianming He, Xiaolu Shi, Shunli Chu","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S524115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S524115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sticky bone is a new type of composite biological material in the field of dental implantation and restoration in recent years, which is usually composed of Autologous Fibrin Glue (AFG) or injectable-platelet rich fibrin (i-PRF) is prepared in combination with different types of bone augmentation materials, such as granular or powdered bone substitutes, providing a solution for bone regeneration that integrates growth factor release with bone scaffold functionality. Its unique gel texture ensures precise adhesion at the site of bone defects and does not fall apart due to external forces. This property not only enhances the stability of the bone graft, but also accelerates the regeneration and healing of bone tissue by providing an ideal environment for cell attachment and proliferation. In addition, the bioactivity and plasticity of sticky bone allow it to demonstrate higher adaptability and surgical success when compared to conventional bone grafting methods. Its development potential in bone tissue engineering also opens up new directions for future clinical applications. Overall, sticky bone is becoming a key material for promoting bone regeneration and improving implant success due to its sticky bone, scaffolding function and ability to carry bioactive components. In this paper aims to review the composition, preparation methods, mechanisms of action, and specific applications of sticky bone in oral implantation and related fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10151-10175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks Nanoparticles in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer.","authors":"Xin-Ran Jiang, Jiahao Mi, Yiling Wang, Mengqi Yin, Yuna Tong, Yuxuan Zhu","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S534422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S534422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily attributable to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. Recent nanotechnology advances exhibit transformative potential in breast cancer management. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising nanoplatforms for biomedical applications due to their exceptional adsorption capacity, high surface area, tunable porosity, structural stability, and facile surface functionalization-properties enabling advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs). This review systematically summarizes MOFs for DDSs and their applications in breast cancer. Classification by metal-ligand composition precedes critical analysis of synthesis methodologies, including comparative advantages and limitations alongside key factors influencing biomedical performance. A dedicated sections highlights normal and stimuli-responsive MOFs activated by endogenous or exogenous triggers. Furthermore, the application of multifunctional MOFs has been comprehensively explored, including chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and diagnostic-therapeutic integration in breast cancer. Finally, challenges and possible solutions for MOFs in drug delivery are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14084,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"10127-10149"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}