International Journal of Fertility & Sterility最新文献

{"title":"Monosodium Glutamate Effect on The Expression of ɑ7nACHR and ɑ4nACHR Subunits in The Testicular Tissue.","authors":"Raheleh Baradaran,&nbsp;Nasibeh Ghandy,&nbsp;Nasim Alipour,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rahimi Anbarkeh","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.561854.1368","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.561854.1368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a popular food flavor enhancer, and a glutamate subset that induces different toxicities such as hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and nephrotoxicity. This study was conducted to assess the effects of MSG on the α7 and α4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nACHR) protein subunits expression of adult rat testis and the safety role of vitamin C.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For this experimental research, 24 rats were haphazardly grouped into four equal groups (n=6) and orally gavaged for 30 days as follows: control group (distilled water gavage), MSG group (3 g/kg/b.w/ day), vitamin C group (150 mg/kg/b.w/day), and MSG+vitamin C group (3 g/kg/b.w/day+150 mg/kg/b.w/day, respectively) that rats of all groups on the 30^th day were anesthetized, and the left testes were used for of α4 and α7 nACHR protein subunit evaluation by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Statistical computations were performed using Graph Pad Prism software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study revealed a significant reduction in the expression and optical density (OD) of α7 nACHR and α4 nACHR in the seminiferous tubules and intertubular connective tissue in the MSG group compared to the control group. In the MSG+vitamin C group, the expression and OD of α7 nACHR and α4 nACHR increased in the seminiferous tubules and intertubular connective tissue but this improvement was not significant compared to the MSG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MSG decreased the expression level of nACHR protein subunits, α7 and α4, in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial testicular tissue. Vitamin C in the MSG+vitamin C group could not significantly improve the expression of α7 and α4 nACHR subunits in testicular tissue. Probably, MSG toxicity can be compensated with higher doses of vitamin C.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"281-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/5d/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-281.PMC10439983.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Three IVF Clinics of Jakarta, Indonesia: A Retrospective Qualitative and Quantitative Study.","authors":"Fira Azzahra,&nbsp;Mulyoto Pangestu,&nbsp;Silvia W Lestari,&nbsp;Gita Pratama","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.562118.1381","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.562118.1381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic also led to a reduction or even the suspension of elective health services. These decisions affected <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) programs worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to map the readiness of IVF clinics in providing safety in this situation and in the future.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective qualitative and quantitative research done in 2021 that involved three IVF clinics of Jakarta, Indonesia. Those three clinics were government-owned, private-owned, and educational and training center. The qualitative data of each clinic's readiness towards COVID-19 was obtained from interviews with the clinics staff. The quantitative data were collected from the clinics patients' number and demographic data from 2019-2021 as well as from COVID-19 databases. Both data sets were analysed descriptively and only for the quantitative analysis Stata version 16 was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were changes in the domiciles and number of patients attending the three clinics. The ratio of patients from Jakarta increased while patients from outside Java Island decreased. There was a drop in annual patient numbers in 2020. However, from June 2020 to December 2021, the number of monthly IVF cycles increased significantly by 3.5 cycles per month (P=0.001). There was no association between IVF patients' attendance numbers and COVID-19 cases (P=0.785). One of the clinics had a negative pressure operating theatre, which made them more confident in treating patients with COVID-19 positive and made them even had higher IVF cycles started than the pre-pandemic period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Those three clinics are prepared in facing COVID-19, as they complied with government regulations. As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, the number of patients gradually returned to normal.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/7b/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-254.PMC10439993.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10043625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Predicting Factors Affecting Sperm Retrieval in Patients with Klinefelter Syndrome: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Fereshteh Aliakbari,&nbsp;Neda Taghizabet,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi,&nbsp;Hamid Kalantari,&nbsp;Ahmad Vosough Dizaj,&nbsp;Maryam Mohammadi,&nbsp;Hesamoddin Sajadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.562534.1371","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.562534.1371","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predicting factors affecting sperm retrieval. We prospectively assessed the relationship between sonographic and microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) findings in Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 44 azoospermic men with 47, XXY karyotypes participated in this study. In order to evaluate the amount of blood supply in different parts of testicular tissue, a doppler ultra-sonographic was performed. Also, for the detection of sperm in this group mTESE technique was performed. Results: The age average of positive mTESE and negative mTESE groups was 29.4 and 33.6 years, respectively. By comparing the testicle volume (based on the data obtained from the clinical examinations conducted by the urologist) it was determined that there is no significant difference between mTESE positive and negative groups. Folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) levels in men with negative mTESE (P=0.03) and testosterone levels in men with positive mTESE significantly increased (P=0.017). The overall rate of testis vascularity was significantly higher in the positive mTESE group than in the negative mTESE group. The clinical pregnancy rate in positive mTESE men was 9% per cycle, 16.6% per embryos were transferred (ET), and 12.5% per cycle. Conclusion: Totally, our observation indicated that there is not a significant relationship between sonographic and mTESE results in KS patients. However, more investigations with bigger sample Size can be useful to validate our results.","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"276-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/67/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-276.PMC10439984.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation of Urine Bisphenol A with Semen Parameters in Men Referred to Infertility Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mir Mohammad Reza Aghajani,&nbsp;Hamid Shafi,&nbsp;Maryam Gholamitabar Tabari,&nbsp;Leila Moslemi,&nbsp;Azar Aghamohammadi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Hajitabar,&nbsp;Parvaneh Mirabi,&nbsp;Neda Mehdinezhad Gorji","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.559352.1341","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.559352.1341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bisphenol A (BPA) is known as an endocrine disruptor that has harmful effects on general health. It is commonly used in various industrial products. In this study we tried to evaluate the amount of BPA in urine samples of the men referred to an infertility center.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study population consisted of male partners of infertile couples, who were referred to infertility clinic in Mazandaran, a northern state of Iran. Questionnaires included demographic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle factors, physical examinations. A semen sample and a spot urine sample were taken from each participant. In the initial study group of 240 men, 3 groups were excluded, and 122 men remained for the analysis. Highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to measure the amount of BPA in the urine samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BPA was not detected in about half of the samples (53.3%). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that no significant relationship existed between the urine concentrations of BPA, semen parameters and male reproductive hormones. However, in a comparison with semen parameters in people with detectable urine BPA versus nondetectable ones, an inverse association was noticed with sperm concentration. In other parameters, differences were not significant. Smoking had no effects on sperm parameters, but body mass index (BMI) ≥25 reduced the percentage of normal sperm parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In most participants, urinary BPA was not detected. Probably in this study low environmental exposure to BPA is the cause of lower urine BPA concentrations compared to other industrially developed countries. Therefore, no overall relationship was observed between BPA level and male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/42/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-292.PMC10439992.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Serum HLA-G Levels in The First Trimester of Pregnancy and The Onset of Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study.","authors":"Salome Maghsudlu,&nbsp;Mohamad Ghazanfari Hashemi,&nbsp;Vahid Talebi,&nbsp;Elham Vahabi,&nbsp;Sanaz Sharifpour,&nbsp;Ramtin Hajibeygi,&nbsp;Farajolah Maleki","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.559787.1349","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.559787.1349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) levels are among the biomarkers suggested for pre-eclampsia (PE). This study is aimed at determining the possible relationship between low soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) levels in maternal blood at the beginning of pregnancy and subsequent PE. We searched the international scientific databases of Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus. We extracted the studies investigating the relationship between the serum levels of HLA-G in the first trimester of pregnancy and the onset of PE using the appropriate keywords. The collected data were analyzed using the random-effects meta-analysis model and STATA (version 14). A total of 5 studies met the eligibility criteria, and the total sample size was 668 subjects. The mean and SD age of case subjects was 31.41 ± 4.16 years, while it was 30.56 ± 3.5 for control subjects. According to the findings, there was an inverse relationship between HLA-G serum level in the first trimester of pregnancy and the subsequent onset of PE, standard mean difference (SMD)=-1.51 [95% confidence interval (CI): -2.26, -0.75, I2=90.8%, P=0.000]. Based on these results, low sHLA-G level in early pregnancy has a positive correlation with subsequent PE, and the significant role of sHLA-G in the early stages of placentation can be proven.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"231-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/e3/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-231.PMC10439989.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10043623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-6 as A Useful Predictor of Endometriosis-Associated Infertility: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Giosue Giordano Incognito,&nbsp;Federica Di Guardo,&nbsp;Ferdinando Antonio Gulino,&nbsp;Fortunato Genovese,&nbsp;Domenico Benvenuto,&nbsp;Chiara Lello,&nbsp;Marco Palumbo","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.557683.1329","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.557683.1329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Several authors have reported on the association between changes in inflammatory marker levels and the maintenance or progression of endometriosis and associated infertility. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the most studied cytokine in endometriosis and has important functions in reproductive physiology. The aim of this study is to review systematically available evidence about altered IL-6 concentrations in endometriosis-related infertility. This is a systematic review including all studies until December 2022 in which IL-6 in serum, peritoneal fluid, follicular fluid, or endometrial biopsy specimens was measured and that correlated their findings with endometriosis- associated infertility. Fifteen studies were included in the systematic review. There seems to be a correlation between elevated serum and peritoneal fluid IL-6 concentrations and the occurrence of endometriosis-associated infertility. IL-6 may be a potential diagnostic or biomarker tool for the prediction of endometriosis-related infertility. However, the numerous biases affecting the available studies, and challenges in endometriosis research reproducibility must be considered. Future investigations should pay attention to factors that may affect the results, such as the choice of suitable control groups, and carefully consider other pathological conditions affecting the patients, endometriosis stage, and type of lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"226-230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/aa/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-226.PMC10439985.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10043624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twelve Hours Post-Injection Serum Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Body Mass Index Predicts <i>In Vitro</i> Fertilization Oocyte Maturation Rate: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Budi Wiweko,&nbsp;Ervan Surya,&nbsp;Vita Silvana,&nbsp;Mila Maidarti,&nbsp;Achmad Kemal Harzif,&nbsp;Gita Pratama,&nbsp;Kanadi Sumapraja,&nbsp;R Muharam,&nbsp;Andon Hestiantoro","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.555467.1315","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.555467.1315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>In vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) remains a main treatment for infertility cases. Post-injection human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level is an essential factor in determining oocyte maturation rate in IVF. This study aimed to determine the relationship between 12 hours post-injection serum hCG level and oocyte maturation rate among IVF participants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study on IVF participants was done at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia from January 2020 to December 2021. Subjects were injected with 250 μg of recombinant-hCG (r-hCG) subcutaneously. Twelve hours post-injection serum hCG levels and oocyte maturation rate data were retrieved and analyzed accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight subjects were recruited into the study. Higher 12 hours post-injection serum hCG was related to oocyte maturation rate (P=0.046). The cut-off point of 12 hours post-injection serum hCG to predict better oocyte maturation rate was 90.15 mIU/mL (sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 83.3%). Oocyte maturation rate may be predicted using body mass index (BMI) and 12 hours post-injection serum hCG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher 12 hours post-injection serum hCG was associated with a higher oocyte maturation rate in IVF subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"264-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/18/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-264.PMC10439995.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10043627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Expression Levels of <i>CSF-1</i> and <i>CSF-1R</i> Endometrial under The Influence of Prolactin Level in Unexplained Miscarriage: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Zahra Sadeghi Jam,&nbsp;Zahra Tahmasebi Fard","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.555588.1316","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.555588.1316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hormones such as prolactin, by influencing expression of the endometrial genes, play a pivotal role in embryo implantation and development. The present study aimed to evaluate serum level of prolactin and its effect on altering expression level of colony-stimulating factor-1 (<i>CSF-1</i>) and colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (<i>CSF-1R</i>) genes in endometrial tissue during <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) pregnancy in the infertile women and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), compared to fertile women, who lost their pregnancies at gestational age <20 weeks.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this case-control study, 40 infertile women, 40 IVF pregnant women with RPL and 40 fertile women who lost their pregnancies at <20 weeks of gestation for unknown reasons were selected. Prolactin serum level was assessed using ELISA technique and expression of <i>CSF-1</i> and <i>CSF-1R</i> genes was determined in endometrial tissue, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean prolactin level of the infertile group was 24.38 ± 1.43 ng/mL and it had statistically significant relationship with the fertile group (P<0.001). Expression level of the CSF-1 and CSF-1R genes were higher in the fertile than infertile groups by 2.88 times (P<0.0001) and 2.64 times (P<0.0001), while it was respectively 2.28 (P<0.0001) and 1.69 (P<0.0001) times higher compared to the RPL group. Risk factors for pregnancy loss, such as aging, increased body mass index (BMI), smoking and diabetes caused decreasing changes in gene expression (<i>CSF-1</i> and <i>CSF-1R</i> ) and the differences were statistically significant, except in the infertile group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed a significant relationship of <i>CSF-1</i> and <i>CSF-1R</i> expression levels with pregnancy loss. Risk factors such as aging, obesity, smoking and diabetes decreased both genes expression levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"236-241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/a6/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-236.PMC10439994.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Microbial Profile in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Periodontal Disease: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Reshma Achu Joseph,&nbsp;Supraja Ajitkumar,&nbsp;Subbusamy Kanakasabapathy Balaji,&nbsp;Muthukumar Santhanakrishnan","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.550187.1272","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.550187.1272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and oral health are found to share a reciprocal link. Previous substantiating evidences suggest that PCOS may have a confounding effect on periodontal health and may quantitatively modify the composition of the oral microbiome. To analyze the role of PCOS as a risk factor in causing periodontal disease, we compared and evaluated the levels of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, chronic periodontitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and gingivitis, and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this case-control study, 40 female participants are enrolled and grouped into four groups which included healthy female individuals, patients with PCOS, patients with PCOS and gingivitis, and patients with PCOS and periodontitis. Periodontal examination is assessed primarily on all the participants using a UNC-15 probe. Dental plaque is then collected using a sterile curette in one stroke and transferred into an Eppendorf tube containing TE Buffer (Tris-EDTA buffer) solution. The level of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> nucleatum was estimated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> were observed to be significantly higher in group with patients with PCOS and periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCOS may have an impact on the composition of oral microflora causing repercussions in periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/f3/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-248.PMC10439991.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Altered <i>Mucin1, FGF2,</i> and <i>HBEGF</i> Gene Expression at The Ectopic Implantation Site and Endometrial Tissues in The Tubal Pregnancy Pathogenesis: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Nadia Noghrehalipour,&nbsp;Reza Aflatoonian,&nbsp;Ali Rahimipour,&nbsp;Samaneh Aghajanpour,&nbsp;Aida Najafian,&nbsp;Zahra Chekini,&nbsp;Firouzeh Ghaffari,&nbsp;Faranak Kazerouni","doi":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.1972252.1390","DOIUrl":"10.22074/ijfs.2023.1972252.1390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is defined as implantation and development of an embryo outside of the uterine tissue. Women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART), particularly frozen embryo transfer (FET), are in high-risk populations for EP. <i>Mucin1 (MUC1)</i>, fibroblast growth factor-2 <i>(FGF2)</i>, and Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor <i>(HBEGF)</i> genes are involved in the endometrial receptivity pathway, leading to normal eutopic implantation; Although, their relevance in the tubal pregnancy after FET is unknown. We aimed evaluation of <i>Mucin1, FGF2,</i> and <i>HBEGF</i> expression fold as endometrial receptive markers in the EP patients following the FET cycle.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted on ten patients (five EP patients and five women in the pseudo-pregnancy group, as the control samples). Pseudo-pregnancy group was established in women who were candidates for hysterectomy for benign diseases. Fallopian tube biopsies and corresponding endometrial tissues from these patients were taken during the hysterectomy. However, the fallopian tube and endometrial tissues of EP patients were obtained during salpingectomy. The mRNA expressions of <i>Mucin1, FGF2,</i> and <i>HBEGF</i> genes in the fallopian tube and endometrial tissues were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MUC1 mRNA expression level in the endometrium of the case group was higher than in the control group (P=0.04); however, its mRNA expression in the fallopian samples of the case group in comparison with the control group was significantly decreased (P=0.001). The <i>HBEGF</i> mRNA expression level was not significantly different between the case and control endometrium, whereas its expression was significantly increased in the case fallopian samples compared with the control ones (P=0.001). The same pattern was observed for <i>FGF2</i> mRNA expression level in the fallopian samples of the case group but was significantly reduced in the endometrial samples in comparison with the control samples (P=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Mucin1, FGF2,</i> and <i>HBEGF</i> gene mRNA expression changes may explain the embryo rejection from the uterus and the establishment of a receptive phenotype in fallopian cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":14080,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility","volume":"17 4","pages":"242-247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/e1/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-17-242.PMC10439997.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}