International Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献_第7页

Radiologic assessment of third molar development and cervical vertebral maturation to validate age of majority in a Mexican population. 第三磨牙发育和颈椎成熟的放射学评估以验证墨西哥人口中大多数人的年龄。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03450-0

Ana Belén Márquez-Ruiz, Lucas González-Herrera, Juan de Dios Luna, Aurora Valenzuela

{"title":"Radiologic assessment of third molar development and cervical vertebral maturation to validate age of majority in a Mexican population.","authors":"Ana Belén Márquez-Ruiz, Lucas González-Herrera, Juan de Dios Luna, Aurora Valenzuela","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03450-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00414-025-03450-0","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in irregular migration flows has further raised the importance of age estimation in forensic science. To improve the reliability of age of majority determination, one recommendation is to combine the evaluation of third molar development with age-related skeletal information. In the present study, we assessed mandibular third molar development and cervical vertebral maturation to evaluate the ability of these age indicators, alone and in combination, to accurately identify individuals 18 years of age or older. The study sample comprised 123 multi-slice computed tomography images of Mexican individuals (67 males and 56 females) aged between 14 and 22 years. Demirjian's stages of tooth development and Baccetti's stages of vertebral maturation were used. A fully developed mandibular third molar (stage H) indicated adult age with 100% certainty. However, around 70% of individuals older than 18 years had third molars that had not yet completed their development. Thus, immature third molars do not rule out the possibility that an individual has reached the age of majority. In the study sample, the combination of the maturity stages of teeth 38 and 48 or their combination with the cervical stages of maturation did not improve upon the prediction accuracy of either of the mandibular third molars alone (area under the ROC curve > 0.85). Therefore, these findings highlight the need to identify other complementary age estimation methods that minimize the number of false negatives (i.e., adults classified as minors) obtained with assessment of third molar development alone.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1673-1680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-mortem urine dipstick analysis for hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis: observer agreement and diagnostic value. 死后尿试纸分析高血糖和酮症酸中毒：观察者一致和诊断价值。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03477-3

Joanna M Glengarry, Ben Thompson, Maria Pricone, Melanie S Archer, Hans H de Boer

{"title":"Post-mortem urine dipstick analysis for hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis: observer agreement and diagnostic value.","authors":"Joanna M Glengarry, Ben Thompson, Maria Pricone, Melanie S Archer, Hans H de Boer","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03477-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00414-025-03477-3","url":null,"abstract":"The post-mortem diagnosis of hyperglycemia and/or ketoacidosis is challenging and usually requires costly ancillary testing of vitreous humor or serum samples. A screening tool that would help to determine whether ancillary testing is needed is therefore desirable. The aim of this study was to add to the literature testing the validity and diagnostic utility of post-mortem dipstick urinalysis. More specifically, we determined inter-observer agreement of visual dipstick assessment, the correlation between glucose and ketone urine dipstick scores and formal laboratory testing results, and the diagnostic value of specific dipstick scores expressed with likelihood ratios. Results demonstrate almost perfect interobserver agreement for 108 glucose dipstick scores (Fleiss' kappa 0.914) but only moderate interobserver agreement for 96 ketones dipstick scores (Fleiss' kappa 0.467). Dipstick glucose scores correlated strongly with vitreous humor glucose levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.841, n = 107). Correlation between ketone dipstick scores and serum levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and blood acetone was also positive but much weaker (0.317, n = 91; and 0.411, n = 92, respectively). The diagnostic value of specific dipstick scores was determined by calculating likelihood ratios for substantial hyperglycemia (vitreous humor glucose > 10 mmol/L), substantial ketoacidosis (serum BHB > 2.50 mmol/L) and elevated blood acetone (> 20 mg/L). Our results suggest substantial screening potential of dipstick urinalysis for glucose, especially when scores are at the lower and higher end of the spectrum. Overall, dipstick analysis results for ketones must be interpreted with great caution. A sub analysis of the data showed that a serum BHB above 2.50 mmol/L was only seen in 1.8% of cases without demonstrable acetone (> 20 mg/L).","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1893-1902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developmental validation of an mRNA-cSNP profiling panel for body fluids identification and individualization. 用于体液鉴定和个体化的mRNA-cSNP分析面板的发展验证。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03434-0

Zhiyong Liu, Ning Wang, Qingxia Zhang, Ran Li, Jiajun Liu, Bin Luo, Yicong Wang, Lingna Xue, Riga Wu, Bin Cong, Bo Xie, Hongyu Sun

{"title":"Developmental validation of an mRNA-cSNP profiling panel for body fluids identification and individualization.","authors":"Zhiyong Liu, Ning Wang, Qingxia Zhang, Ran Li, Jiajun Liu, Bin Luo, Yicong Wang, Lingna Xue, Riga Wu, Bin Cong, Bo Xie, Hongyu Sun","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03434-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00414-025-03434-0","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic analysis of body fluid stains is extremely important, which helps reconstruct crime scenes. It involves two main challenges: body fluid identification (BFID) and individualization. The former aims to ascertain the type/origin of the body fluid stain, while the latter tries to assign the stain to a specific donor. Generally, they are addressed through RNA and DNA analyses, respectively, but this can be time-consuming, laborious, and sometimes yield suboptimal results, especially mixed body fluid stains. To overcome these limitations, we developed an innovative mRNA-based sequencing panel with a dual function. This system comprises 34 body fluid-specific mRNA genes and 39 cSNP markers (amplicon length: 50 ~ 90 bp), enabling a direct link between specific body fluids and their donors. We thoroughly validated the integrated system according to the guidelines of the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) on the MGI massively parallel sequencing (MPS) platform. As a result, this panel showed robust identification efficiency for body fluids at 20 ng RNA input, and the range of cumulative discrimination power (CDP) value was 0.802445047 ~ 0.999310789 in five types of body fluid. Furthermore, it had been employed in actual cases and provided the guidance. In conclusion, this system can efficiently, rapidly, and accurately perform body fluid identification and individualization for single-source and mixed samples, meeting the daily investigative demands in forensic genetics.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1495-1509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autopsy findings in victims of gunshot injuries: wound ballistic considerations based on test shots to simulants and composite models. 枪伤受害者的尸检结果：基于模拟和复合模型测试射击的伤口弹道考虑。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03543-w

Markus Große Perdekamp, Stefan Pollak

引用次数: 0

Suicide in subjects under the age of 30: a retrospective analysis. 30岁以下自杀者：回顾性分析。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03546-7

Alberto Blandino, Luca Pietro Ernesto Sbrissa, Emma Flutti, Nicola Galante, Andrea Cazzaniga, Carolina Passani, Guido Vittorio Travaini

{"title":"Suicide in subjects under the age of 30: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Alberto Blandino, Luca Pietro Ernesto Sbrissa, Emma Flutti, Nicola Galante, Andrea Cazzaniga, Carolina Passani, Guido Vittorio Travaini","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03546-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-025-03546-7","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide represents one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Rates seem to be decreasing, but we are still far from a desirable reduction of the phenomenon. Data on younger members of the population, seasonal variability, and changes in the post-pandemic period are still limited. The purpose of the study was to assess the incidence and characteristics of suicides in individuals under the age of 30 who underwent autopsy in a metropolitan area. Autopsy cases from the last 32 years were analysed considering age, sex, date of death, method of suicide, cause of death, presence of mental disorders, drug and alcohol abuse, previous suicide attempts and previously expressed suicidal intention. There were 699 cases of suicide, of which 9.3% were minors. Violent methods were the most used, consistent with their easy availability and effectiveness. Considering seasonality, the frequency of cases in January, June and December was significantly higher than the average. Although an increase in cases is observed in the years immediately following the pandemic, no lasting differences have been observed.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The diatom test for drowning: an unreported source of diatom contamination. 溺水的硅藻检测：未报告的硅藻污染源。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03527-w

Philippe Lunetta, Johanna Virri, Jan Weckström

引用次数: 0

Validation of the investigator argus y-28 qs kit on the seqstudio™ genetic analyzer for hid: a new panel file for genemapper id-x software v1.6. 在seqstudio™遗传分析仪上验证研究者argus y- 28qs试剂盒：用于genemapper id-x软件v1.6的新面板文件。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03539-6

Giulia Soldati, Stefania Turrina, Francesco Ausania

引用次数: 0

Forensic analysis of deaths from train and subway surfing. 火车和地铁冲浪死亡的法医分析。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03551-w

Alberto Amadasi, Larissa Amadasi, Luca Berti, Lars Oesterhelweg

{"title":"Forensic analysis of deaths from train and subway surfing.","authors":"Alberto Amadasi, Larissa Amadasi, Luca Berti, Lars Oesterhelweg","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03551-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00414-025-03551-w","url":null,"abstract":"Train surfing, the practice of riding on the exterior of moving trains or subways, is an increasingly prevalent phenomenon, particularly among urban youth, and is partly fueled by social media exposure. While it provides an adrenaline rush, it presents significant risks, including electrocution, falls, and collisions with objects. This study aims to investigate the forensic aspects of fatalities associated with train surfing incidents, focusing on cases examined by the Institute of Forensic Medicine at Charité University in Berlin between 2010 and 2024. A total of 15 fatalities resulting from train surfing were analyzed, all involving male victims aged 15-24, with the majority of incidents occurring during the summer months. The primary cause of death was traumatic injury (11 cases), resulting from falls or impacts with obstacles, while electrocution (particularly from high-voltage contact or electric arcs) was responsible for the remaining 4 fatalities. In many cases, victims sustained multiple injuries, including isolated cranial trauma and polytrauma involving the head. Forensic findings, such as electrical burn marks and blunt force injuries, were crucial in differentiating between electrocution and trauma. Toxicological analyses revealed the presence of substances like alcohol, THC, and cocaine in several cases, underscoring the role of substance use in these incidents and in the reconstruction of events. This research emphasizes the need for comprehensive forensic protocols to address such cases, as train surfing remains a significant public safety concern.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foren-STR: a comprehensive tool for rapid calculation of forensic parameters from autosomal STR data. 法医STR：一个全面的工具，快速计算法医参数从常染色体STR数据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03540-z

Jorge Castillo-Ortiz, Lizzette Salinas-Pineda, N Sofía Huerta-Pacheco, Mariano Guardado-Estrada

{"title":"Foren-STR: a comprehensive tool for rapid calculation of forensic parameters from autosomal STR data.","authors":"Jorge Castillo-Ortiz, Lizzette Salinas-Pineda, N Sofía Huerta-Pacheco, Mariano Guardado-Estrada","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03540-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-025-03540-z","url":null,"abstract":"In forensic genetics, prior to solving paternity or identification cases, it is mandatory to analyze population data of genetic markers to ensure the quality of the estimations in the required calculations. Currently, there are several tools that analyze forensic population parameters and population genetic statistics. However, the use of some of these tools can be time-consuming, as there is a learning curve to get familiarized with them, a situation that can be complicated due to the workload of forensic laboratories. Here, we propose a comprehensive tool for the quick calculation of forensic parameters and some population genetic statistics for an autosomal Short Tandem Repeats (STR) database. This tool is a web-based application ( https://enacif.shinyapps.io/Foren-STR/ ) developed in R, which estimates Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HW), probability of match (PM), power of discrimination (PD), and power of exclusion (PE). Additionally, it can analyze more than one population and graphically infer whether there is population substructure through a heatmap or by statistically calculating genetic distances, such as Fst. The results of this tool are similar to those of other tools, providing an alternative and user-friendly option for forensic geneticists.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex assessment from contemporary Mexican postcranial long bones. 当代墨西哥人颅骨后长骨的性别鉴定。

IF 2.2 3区医学

International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-025-03541-y

Antinea Menéndez Garmendia, Gabriela Sánchez-Mejorada, Jorge Alfredo Gómez-Valdés

{"title":"Sex assessment from contemporary Mexican postcranial long bones.","authors":"Antinea Menéndez Garmendia, Gabriela Sánchez-Mejorada, Jorge Alfredo Gómez-Valdés","doi":"10.1007/s00414-025-03541-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-025-03541-y","url":null,"abstract":"The estimation of sex is crucial in forensic anthropology for human identification. Particularly in Mexico, there is a need for methods suitable for complex forensic contexts where skeletal elements are incomplete and/or fragmented. Based on this premise, research using bones from the postcranial skeleton have shown promising results, especially with long bone measurements of the extremities, which have proven to be reliable sex indicators.The aim of this study was to develop discriminant functions and cut-off points for variables evaluated in sex estimation for human identification in a forensic context. A total of 30 measurements were taken from the long bones of the extremities of 122 individuals (31% female and 69% male) from the skeletal collection housed at the Physical Anthropology Laboratory in the Anatomy department of the School of Medicine at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Results indicate significant differences between females and males in all measurements. Cut-off points were established for each skeletal element and 10 discriminant functions were generated. The results showed correct classification percentages ranging from 63.5 to 91.9% with the cut-off points and from 73.1 to 91.4% with the discriminant functions. Therefore, we recommend these methods be used for sex estimation in diverse forensic contexts for human identification.","PeriodicalId":14071,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0