{"title":"Acknowledgement to reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 859-861"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert Fildes, Fergus Bolger, Paul Goodwin, Nigel Harvey, Matthias Seifert
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on Judgment in Forecasting","authors":"Robert Fildes, Fergus Bolger, Paul Goodwin, Nigel Harvey, Matthias Seifert","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 419-423"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Donner , Anuj Mishra , Hideaki Shimazaki
{"title":"A projected nonlinear state-space model for forecasting time series signals","authors":"Christian Donner , Anuj Mishra , Hideaki Shimazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Learning and forecasting stochastic time series is essential in various scientific fields. However, despite the proposals of nonlinear filters and deep-learning methods, it remains challenging to capture nonlinear dynamics from a few noisy samples and predict future trajectories with uncertainty estimates while maintaining computational efficiency. Here, we propose a fast algorithm to learn and forecast nonlinear dynamics from noisy time series data. A key feature of the proposed model is kernel functions applied to projected lines, enabling the fast and efficient capture of nonlinearities in the latent dynamics. Through empirical case studies and benchmarking, the model demonstrates its effectiveness at learning and forecasting complex nonlinear dynamics, offering a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners in time series analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 1296-1309"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joris Depoortere, Johan Driesen, Johan Suykens, Hussain Syed Kazmi
{"title":"SolNet: Open-source deep learning models for photovoltaic power forecasting across the globe","authors":"Joris Depoortere, Johan Driesen, Johan Suykens, Hussain Syed Kazmi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep learning models have gained increasing prominence in recent years in solar photovoltaic (PV) forecasting. One drawback of these models is that they require a lot of high-quality data to perform well. This is often infeasible in practice, due to poor measurement infrastructure in legacy systems and the rapid build-up of new solar systems across the world. This paper proposes SolNet: a novel, general-purpose, multivariate solar power forecaster, which addresses these challenges by using a two-step forecasting pipeline that incorporates transfer learning from abundant synthetic data generated from PVGIS, before fine-tuning on observational data.</div><div>Using actual production data from hundreds of sites in The Netherlands, Australia, and Belgium, we show that SolNet improves forecasting performance over data-scarce settings as well as baseline models. We find transfer learning benefits to be the strongest when only limited observational data are available. At the same time, we provide several guidelines and considerations for transfer learning practitioners, as our results show that weather data, seasonal patterns, and possible misspecification in source location can have a major impact on the results. The SolNet models created in this way are applicable for any land-based solar photovoltaic system across the planet to obtain improved forecasting capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 1223-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time monitoring procedures for early detection of bubbles","authors":"E.J. Whitehouse , D.I. Harvey , S.J. Leybourne","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asset price bubbles and crashes can have severe consequences for the stability of financial and economic systems. Policymakers require timely identification of such bubbles in order to respond to their emergence. In this paper we propose new econometric procedures that improve the speed of detection for an emerging asset price bubble in real time. Our new monitoring procedures make use of alternative variance standardisations that are better able to capture the behaviour of the underlying process during a bubble phase. We derive asymptotic results to show that using these alternative variance standardisations does not increase the probability of false detection under the no-bubble (unit root) null hypothesis relative to existing procedures. However, Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that much earlier detection becomes possible with our new procedures under the bubble (explosive autoregressive) alternative. Empirical applications to OECD housing markets and bitcoin prices show the value in terms of earlier detection of bubbles that our new procedures can achieve. In particular, we show that the United States housing bubble that preceded the global financial crisis could have been detected as early as 1999:Q1 by our new procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 1260-1277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-varying parameters as ridge regressions","authors":"Philippe Goulet Coulombe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time-varying parameter (TVP) models are frequently used in economics to capture structural change. I highlight a rather underutilized fact—that these are actually ridge regressions. Instantly, this makes computations, tuning, and implementation much easier than in the state-space paradigm. Among other things, solving the equivalent dual ridge problem is computationally very fast even in high dimensions, and the crucial ‘amount of time variation’ is tuned by cross-validation. Evolving volatility is dealt with using a two-step ridge regression. I consider extensions that incorporate sparsity (the algorithm selects which parameters vary and which do not) and reduced-rank restrictions (variation is tied to a factor model). To demonstrate the usefulness of the approach, I use it to study the evolution of monetary policy in Canada using large time-varying local projections and TVP-VARs with demanding lag lengths. The applications require the estimation of up to 4600 TVPs, a task within the reach of the new method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 982-1002"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebekka Buse , Konstantin Görgen , Melanie Schienle
{"title":"Predicting value at risk for cryptocurrencies with generalized random forests","authors":"Rebekka Buse , Konstantin Görgen , Melanie Schienle","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the prediction of value at risk (VaR) for cryptocurrencies. In contrast to classic assets, returns of cryptocurrencies are often highly volatile and characterized by large fluctuations around single events. Analyzing a comprehensive set of 105 major cryptocurrencies, we show that generalized random forests (GRF) adapted to quantile prediction have superior performance over other established methods such as quantile regression, GARCH-type models, and CAViaR models. This advantage is especially pronounced in unstable times and for classes of highly volatile cryptocurrencies. Furthermore, we identify important predictors during such times and show their influence on forecasting over time. Moreover, a comprehensive simulation study indicates that the GRF methodology is at least on par with existing methods in VaR predictions for standard types of financial returns, and clearly superior in the cryptocurrency setup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 1199-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How does training improve individual forecasts? Modeling differences in compensatory and non-compensatory biases in geopolitical forecasts","authors":"Vahid Karimi Motahhar , Thomas S. Gruca","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biases in human forecasters lead to poor calibration. We assess how formal training affects two types of bias in probabilistic forecasts of binary outcomes. Compensatory bias occurs when underestimation in one range of probabilities (e.g., less than 50%) is accompanied by overestimation in the opposite range. Non-compensatory bias occurs when the direction of misestimation is consistent throughout the entire range of probabilities. We present a new approach to modeling probabilistic forecasts to determine the extent and direction of compensatory and non-compensatory biases. Using data from the Good Judgment Project, we model the effects of training (randomly assigned) on the calibration of 39,481 initial forecasts from 851 forecasters across two years of the contest. The forecasts exhibit significant indications of both compensatory and non-compensatory biases across all forecasters. Training significantly reduces the compensatory bias in both years. It reduces the non-compensatory bias only in the second year of the contest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 487-498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forecasting stock market return with anomalies: Evidence from China","authors":"Jianqiu Wang , Zhuo Wang , Ke Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We empirically investigate the relation between anomaly portfolio returns and market return predictability in the Chinese stock market. Using 132 long-leg, short-leg, and long-short anomaly portfolio returns, we employ various shrinkage-based statistical learning methods to capture predictive signals of the anomalies in a high-dimensional setting. Our analysis reveals statistically and economically significant return predictability using long- and short-leg anomaly portfolio returns. Moreover, high arbitrage risk enhances forecasting performance, supporting that the predictability stems from mispricing correction persistence. Contrary to findings in the US stock market, we find little evidence that the long-short anomaly portfolios contribute to market return predictability in China, due to the low persistence of asymmetric mispricing corrections. We provide simulation evidence to justify the distinct prediction patterns for the US and Chinese stock markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 1278-1295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subjective-probability forecasts of existential risk: Initial results from a hybrid persuasion-forecasting tournament","authors":"Ezra Karger , Josh Rosenberg , Zachary Jacobs , Molly Hickman , Phillip E. Tetlock","doi":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multi-stage persuasion-forecasting tournament asked specialists and generalists (“superforecasters”) to explain their probability judgments of short- and long-run existential threats to humanity. Specialists were more pessimistic, especially on long-run threats posed by artificial intelligence (AI). Despite incentives to share their best arguments during four months of discussion, neither side materially moved the other’s views. This would be puzzling if participants were Bayesian agents methodically sifting through elusive clues about distant futures but it is less puzzling if participants were boundedly rational agents searching for confirmatory evidence as the risks of embarrassing accuracy feedback receded. Consistent with the latter mechanism, strong AI-risk proponents made particularly extreme long- but not short-range forecasts and over-estimated the long-range AI-risk forecasts of others. We stress the potential of these methods to inform high-stakes debates, but we acknowledge limits on what even skilled forecasters can achieve in anticipating rare or unprecedented events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14061,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forecasting","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 499-516"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}