ACS Chemical NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-06-18Epub Date: 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00071
Usamma Amjad, Shreya Mahajan, Jiwon Choi, Ritesh Shrivastav, Raymond Murray, Abby Somich, Olivia Coyne, Helen N Schwerdt
{"title":"Microinvasive Probes for Monitoring Electrical and Chemical Neural Activity in Nonhuman Primates.","authors":"Usamma Amjad, Shreya Mahajan, Jiwon Choi, Ritesh Shrivastav, Raymond Murray, Abby Somich, Olivia Coyne, Helen N Schwerdt","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00071","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We leveraged carbon fiber materials for creating sensors that provide dual neurochemical and electrical neural activity recording at microinvasive (10 μm) spatial footprints proximal to recording sites, and enabling these measurements from deep brain targets of primates with conventional cranial chambers. These shaft-assisted microinvasive probes (s-μIPs) are approximately 10 μm in diameter along the distal length (1-15 mm) immediately surrounding the targeted recording site. This microinvasive portion ensures that the recording site is isolated from tissue damage induced by the wider shaft portion of the device. The shaft (150-165 μm in diameter) within the device stiffens the remaining length of the probe (>100 mm), and provides compatibility with standard intracranial insertion protocols (e.g., guide tubes and chamber setups) that require a sufficiently rigid and long shaft for deep brain insertion in monkeys. The s-μIP was further expanded to provide dual-channel chemical and electrical neural activity recording with micrometer spatial resolution. Measurements of reward- and movement- related dopamine, spikes, and local field potentials were made from single and dual-channel s-μIPs implanted in task-performing monkeys. Recordings from chronically implanted s-μIPs display the capability of functional multimodal (chemical and electrical) neural activity measurements over 1-year postimplantation from microinvasive devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"2237-2247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frieda-Marie Bartz, Kinga Sałat, Katarzyna Urbańska, Jana Lemke, Pascal Rosendahl, Louis Schmidt, Lukas Schulig, Ulrike Garscha, Andreas Link and Patrick J. Bednarski*,
{"title":"","authors":"Frieda-Marie Bartz, Kinga Sałat, Katarzyna Urbańska, Jana Lemke, Pascal Rosendahl, Louis Schmidt, Lukas Schulig, Ulrike Garscha, Andreas Link and Patrick J. Bednarski*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":"16 12","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144422839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Usamma Amjad, Shreya Mahajan, Jiwon Choi, Ritesh Shrivastav, Raymond Murray, Abby Somich, Olivia Coyne and Helen N. Schwerdt*,
{"title":"","authors":"Usamma Amjad, Shreya Mahajan, Jiwon Choi, Ritesh Shrivastav, Raymond Murray, Abby Somich, Olivia Coyne and Helen N. Schwerdt*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":"16 12","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144422853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Chemical NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-06-18Epub Date: 2025-05-31DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00082
Yi-Yue Zhang, Rui-Feng Li, Jing Tian, Jun Peng, Xiu-Ju Luo
{"title":"Cerdulatinib Improves Sensorimotor Function and Memory Ability in Mice Suffering from Ischemic Stroke through Targeting Caspase-3-Dependent Apoptosis.","authors":"Yi-Yue Zhang, Rui-Feng Li, Jing Tian, Jun Peng, Xiu-Ju Luo","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00082","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis is believed to contribute to the brain injury of ischemic stroke, and a caspase-3 inhibitor has been repeatedly reported to reduce the brain injury of ischemic stroke. However, currently recognized caspase-3 inhibitors are still only used as a research tool, and none of them is available in the clinic to treat brain injury of ischemic stroke. Based on the concept of drug repositioning and bioinformatics techniques, we have identified Cerdulatinib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor to treat tumors and immune-related diseases in the clinic, as a potential caspase-3 inhibitor. This study aims to explore the effect of Cerdulatinib on brain injury from ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanisms. In mice with ischemic stroke, Cerdulatinib significantly decreased infarct volume and improved sensorimotor function, memory ability, and cognitive function. In nerve cells exposed to hypoxia, Cerdulatinib increased cell viability and decreased LDH release. Mechanistically, Cerdulatinib inhibited the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 and the activity of caspase-3, resulting in a decrease in brain cell apoptosis. Based on these results, we conclude that Cerdulatinib can protect the brain against ischemic injury by reducing apoptosis, which is related to the suppression of caspase-3 cleavage and caspase-3 activity. This study may extend the clinical indications of Cerdulatinib in the treatment of patients with an ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"2248-2259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Chemical NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-06-18Epub Date: 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00859
Alexander Shimkevich
{"title":"Myelin Sheaths as \"Accessories in Clothing\" for Individualizing Every Neuron.","authors":"Alexander Shimkevich","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00859","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here, the model of dissipative waveguide presents an axon where oscillations of ions generate electromagnetic waves that extend at the speed of light in a given medium. A transmission of spikes (wave packets) along axons is perfectly described by the Heaviside-Maxwell telegraph equations, and the instantaneous action potential at any point of the axon is the sum of waves running in opposite directions. Its speed can change in a wide range depending on the boundary conditions of the transmission line. The unmyelinated axon transmits information in the brain without the required precision and synchronization of oscillations owing to the frequency dispersion and disintegration of the action potential in the axon. Opposite, myelin sheaths around the axon increase the precision and synchronization of oscillations because their helical structure and aqueous layers reduce a distributed capacitance and transverse conductivity of the axon, increase its inductance due to the ionic conductivity in the spiral aqueous layer, and reduce a longitudinal resistance of the axon by the parallel conductivity of this multiple layer. Therefore, myelin sheaths transform the axon into an ideal transmission line and, with the help of a diffraction grating from Ranvier nodes, into an interference filter of the spike wave packet individualizing every neuron because spectral characteristics of its spikes are very sensitive to chemical and geometric changes of myelin sheaths that cannot be identical.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"2217-2223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Targeting Sirtuins, Caspases, and GSK-3.","authors":"Kalpana Pandya, Krishnashish Roul, Avanish Tripathi, Sateesh Belemkar, Anshuman Sinha, Meryem Erol, Devendra Kumar","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00207","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a significant impact on global public health. The primary hallmarks of the disease included amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) deposition, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), and synaptic loss. Sirtuins, a group of NAD<sup>+</sup>-dependent deacetylase enzymes, are key regulators of AD pathogenesis. SIRT1, a member of sirtuins, has been identified to possess neuroprotective properties. Thus, its promising enhancers are included. Further, SIRT2 promising inhibitors are reviewed for therapeutic efficacy. The extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways of caspases are mediated by CD95 and DNA damage. The promising inhibitors Q-VD-OPh and minocycline are found to be specific for caspase-7 and caspase-3, respectively. Primarily, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is found to be involved in the generation of phosphorylated tau. The promising GSK-3 inhibitor included the COB-187 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 370 nM) and maleimide-derivative (compound 33, IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.09 μM). This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of sirtuin, caspase, and GSK-3 in the pathophysiology of AD. Further, promising modulators specific to these targets are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"2178-2195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Chemical NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5c0027810.1021/acschemneuro.5c00278
Frieda-Marie Bartz, Kinga Sałat, Katarzyna Urbańska, Jana Lemke, Pascal Rosendahl, Louis Schmidt, Lukas Schulig, Ulrike Garscha, Andreas Link and Patrick J. Bednarski*,
{"title":"New KV7.2/3 Channel Activators Exhibit Superior Toxicity and Metabolic Profiles to Flupirtine and Demonstrate Promising In Vivo Analgesic Effects","authors":"Frieda-Marie Bartz, Kinga Sałat, Katarzyna Urbańska, Jana Lemke, Pascal Rosendahl, Louis Schmidt, Lukas Schulig, Ulrike Garscha, Andreas Link and Patrick J. Bednarski*, ","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c0027810.1021/acschemneuro.5c00278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00278https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00278","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The first-in-class K<sub>V</sub>7.2/3 channel activator flupirtine, was considered a potent analgesic in various pain conditions. However, it was withdrawn from the market in 2018 due to severe hepatotoxicity associated with forming reactive metabolites. In this work, we present new K<sub>V</sub>7.2/3 channel modulators that have been evaluated in several preclinical mouse pain models, including acute thermally and chemically induced pain, diabetes-induced neuropathic pain, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. In addition, the new K<sub>V</sub>7.2/3 channel activators were compared with the reference substances flupirtine, retigabine, and azetukalner, focusing on the inhibition of the hERG channel, nephrotoxicity, metabolic stability, and the formation of reactive metabolites. A flupirtine analog with a pyrimidine scaffold (<b>8</b>) showed clear advantages over the reference compounds tested, with a favorable toxicity profile, a 2 h <i>in vitro</i> half-life when incubated with human liver microsomes, and a 9-fold reduction in the formation of reactive metabolites compared to flupirtine. This compound also demonstrated strong <i>in vivo</i> efficacy in pain models, making it a promising candidate for further development of K<sub>V</sub>7.2/3 channel activators.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":"16 12","pages":"2322–2333 2322–2333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Targeting Sirtuins, Caspases, and GSK-3","authors":"Kalpana Pandya, Krishnashish Roul, Avanish Tripathi, Sateesh Belemkar, Anshuman Sinha, Meryem Erol and Devendra Kumar*, ","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c0020710.1021/acschemneuro.5c00207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00207https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00207","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a significant impact on global public health. The primary hallmarks of the disease included amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) deposition, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), and synaptic loss. Sirtuins, a group of NAD<sup>+</sup>-dependent deacetylase enzymes, are key regulators of AD pathogenesis. SIRT1, a member of sirtuins, has been identified to possess neuroprotective properties. Thus, its promising enhancers are included. Further, SIRT2 promising inhibitors are reviewed for therapeutic efficacy. The extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways of caspases are mediated by CD95 and DNA damage. The promising inhibitors Q-VD-OPh and minocycline are found to be specific for caspase-7 and caspase-3, respectively. Primarily, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is found to be involved in the generation of phosphorylated tau. The promising GSK-3 inhibitor included the COB-187 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 370 nM) and maleimide-derivative (compound 33, IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.09 μM). This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of sirtuin, caspase, and GSK-3 in the pathophysiology of AD. Further, promising modulators specific to these targets are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":"16 12","pages":"2178–2195 2178–2195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Integrative Analysis of Metagenomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Metabolic Alterations in ALS: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Insights.","authors":"Priyanka Gautam, Rahul Yadav, Ranjeet Kumar Vishwakarma, Shashi Shekhar, Abhishek Pathak, Chandan Singh","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ALS is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor neuron degeneration, gut dysbiosis, immune dysregulation, and metabolic disturbances. In this study, shotgun metagenomics and <sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics were employed to investigate the altered gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in individuals with ALS, household controls (HCs), and nonhousehold controls (NHCs). The principal component analysis (PCA) explained 33% of the variance, and the partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model demonstrate <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> and <i>Q</i><sup>2</sup> values of 0.97 and 0.84, respectively, indicating an adequate model fit. The relative bacterial abundance was 99.34% in the ALS group and 98.94% in the HC group. Among the ten identified genera, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus</i> were more prevalent in ALS individuals, while <i>Lactiplantibacillus</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> were more abundant in the HC group. We identified 70 metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), carbohydrates, and aromatic compounds, using NMR. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (O-PLS-DA) explained 15.8% of the variance, with a clear separation between the ALS and HC groups. Univariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified three fecal metabolites with AUC values above 0.70, including butyrate (0.798), propionate (0.727), and citrate (0.719). These metabolites may serve as potential biomarkers for ALS. The statistical model for metabolic pathway analysis revealed interconnected pathways, highlighting the complexity of metabolic dysregulation, as well as potential microbial and metabolic biomarkers in ALS. These results highlight the role of gut microbiome alterations in ALS and suggest potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Chemical NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5c0015210.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152
Anna Czopek*, Jakub Jończyk, Monika Fryc, Daria Kluzik and Agnieszka Zagórska*,
{"title":"Classic Psychedelics in Pain Modulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Perspectives","authors":"Anna Czopek*, Jakub Jończyk, Monika Fryc, Daria Kluzik and Agnieszka Zagórska*, ","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5c0015210.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Millions worldwide suffer from chronic pain, a complex condition often accompanied by depression and anxiety, highlighting the urgent need for innovative treatments. Classic psychedelics, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), primarily act on serotonin 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors and have emerged as potential modulators of pain perception and mood regulation. These substances may offer an alternative to conventional analgesics, such as opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by influencing neuroplasticity, descending pain modulation pathways, and inflammatory processes. Evidence from case studies, preclinical research, and early phase clinical trials suggests that psychedelics may alleviate pain in conditions such as cluster headaches, migraines, fibromyalgia, and chronic pain syndromes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying their analgesic properties are yet to be fully understood. While psychedelics show promise in reshaping pain management strategies, rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to establish their safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for chronic pain and emphasizes the necessity of further research to validate their role in modern pain medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":13,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience","volume":"16 12","pages":"2163–2177 2163–2177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}