Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Global incidence, risk factors, and temporal trends of nasal cancer: A population-based analysis","authors":"Junjie Huang,&nbsp;Wing Sze Pang,&nbsp;Fung Yu Mak,&nbsp;Sze Chai Chan,&nbsp;Veeleah Lok,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Xu Lin,&nbsp;Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III,&nbsp;Wanghong Xu,&nbsp;Zhi-Jie Zheng,&nbsp;Edmar Elcarte,&nbsp;Mellissa Withers,&nbsp;Martin C. S. Wong,&nbsp;NCD Global Health Research Group, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU)","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nasal cancer is a rare and fatal disease, with an incidence rate of &lt;1 in 100,000, and a 5-year survival rate of around 30%. The study aims to investigate the worldwide disease burden, associated risk factors, and temporal incidence patterns of nasal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from multiple sources, including the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, the Global Burden of Disease database, the World Bank, and the United Nations. The study utilized multivariable linear regression to investigate the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of nasal cancer by age for each country. Trend analysis was conducted using the joinpoint regression analysis program, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated. The accuracy of trend estimations was assessed using the 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, the incidence of nasal cancer was examined by age and geographic location.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 37,674 new cases were reported in 2020 (ASR 4.2 per 1,000,000). The highest ASRs were observed in South-Eastern Asia (5.3) and Central and Eastern Europe (4.8). A number of risk factors were identified, such as higher HDI regions, higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol drinking, unhealthy dietary, and hypertension. In addition, physical inactivity was related to lower incidence. An overall decreasing trend was reported in the global population, but an increasing trend was discovered in males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest burden of nasal cancer was found in South-Eastern Asia and Central and Eastern Europe, potentially due to regional genetic factors and pollution issues. Targeted interventions are need in high-risk regions. Further studies are needed to investigate factors contributing to the increasing temporal trend of nasal cancer among the male population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and Limitations of Real-World Patient-Reported Toxicity Symptom Monitoring for Guidelines and Care, as Perceived by Patients, Clinicians, and Guideline Developers","authors":"Y. Smit,&nbsp;L. Verweij,&nbsp;A. Currie,&nbsp;J. J. W. M. Janssen,&nbsp;E. F. M. Posthuma,&nbsp;A. Dekker,&nbsp;R. P. M. G. Hermens,&nbsp;N. M. A. Blijlevens","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70880","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Toxicity monitoring should be modernized to include real-world patient-reported data. However, little is known about how stakeholders view the incorporation of real-world patient-reported toxicity symptoms into guidelines. This gap hinders the development of a sustained learning healthcare environment and limits the incorporation of this data into daily care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative study, reported according to COREQ, involved interviews with 29 plus 10 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and 18 CML clinicians, including eight hematologists/guideline developers. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and independently coded in Atlas.ti. A framework, adapted from systematically sourced literature, was used for coding. Codes were assessed as either beneficial or limiting. An expert panel of all CML guideline developers completed and prioritized the identified knowledge gaps through a RAND-modified Delphi procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-one benefits and limitations of systematically monitoring patient-reported toxicity symptoms in the real world were identified. Compared to an existing framework, novel benefits centered around the use of aggregated data: Participants viewed real-world patient-reported toxicity symptoms as a way to systematically include patients' toxicity symptoms in the guidelines; personalize guideline advice; and fill knowledge gaps. The expert panel agreed on 14 knowledge gaps in chronic myeloid leukemia care that could be addressed through such data. Novel limitations focused on the suitability, acceptance, and applicability of toxicity symptom monitoring in routine clinical practice. Participants felt that this monitoring does not establish a causal link between medication and symptoms, and it has no added value over open conversation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The benefits and limitations of adopting patient-reported real-world toxicity symptom monitoring need to be leveraged and addressed to ensure maximum value and uptake. Guideline developers viewed aggregated data as beneficial. The identified knowledge gaps provide concrete points of action for CML guideline development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of HER2-Driven Morphometric Signature in Breast Cancer and Prediction of Risk of Recurrence","authors":"N. M. Atallah,&nbsp;S. Makhlouf,&nbsp;M. Nabil,&nbsp;A. Ibrahim,&nbsp;M. S. Toss,&nbsp;N. P. Mongan,&nbsp;E. Rakha","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70852","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease. In this study, we hypothesised that the degree of HER2 oncogenic activity, and hence response to anti-HER2 therapy is translated into a morphological signature that can be of prognostic/predictive value.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a HER2-driven signature based on a set of morphometric features identified through digital image analysis and visual assessment in a sizable cohort of BC patients. HER2-enriched molecular sub-type (HER2-E) was used for validation, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed to assess HER2 pathway activity in the signature-positive cases. The predictive utility of this signature was evaluated in post-adjuvant HER2-positive BC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 57 morphometric features were evaluated; of them, 22 features were significantly associated with HER2 positivity. HER2 IHC score 3+/oestrogen receptor-negative tumours were significantly associated with HER2-related morphometric features compared to other HER2 classes including HER2 IHC 2+ with gene amplification, and they showed the least intra-tumour morphological heterogeneity. Tumours displaying HER2-driven morphometric signature showed the strongest association with PAM50 HER2-E sub-type and were enriched with ERBB signalling pathway compared to signature-negative cases. BC patients with positive HER2 morphometric signature showed prolonged distant metastasis-free survival post-adjuvant anti-HER2 therapy (<i>p</i> = 0.007). The clinico-morphometric prognostic index demonstrated an 87% accuracy in predicting recurrence risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings underscore the strong prognostic and predictive correlation between HER2 histo-morphometric features and response to targeted anti-HER2 therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcome the Fear of Exercise in Patients With Bone Metastases: A Qualitative Study on Patients' Perception","authors":"Anita Borsati,&nbsp;Daniela Tregnago,&nbsp;Matteo Caleffi,&nbsp;Christian Ciurnelli,&nbsp;Linda Toniolo,&nbsp;Ilaria Trestini,&nbsp;Lorenzo Belluomini,&nbsp;Marco Sposito,&nbsp;Jessica Insolda,&nbsp;Federico Schena,&nbsp;Michele Milella,&nbsp;Sara Pilotto,&nbsp;Alice Avancini","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70865","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of patients with cancer and bone metastases who participated in a personalized exercise program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individual interviews were conducted through purposeful sampling of patients who attended the 3-month supervised exercise program. Using a phenomenological approach, semi-structured questions were developed to investigate the benefits, risks, facilitators, and barriers related to exercise. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen patients with mixed cancer types participated in the study. Patients recognized the physical and psychological benefits of exercise, such as improvements in physical fitness, bone health, reduction of symptoms, especially pain and fatigue, and increase in self-confidence. While they did not perceive any disadvantage from participating in the program, they acknowledged the risk of bone fractures or exacerbation of lesions if the intervention is not tailored and supervised. The program's structure, including the involvement of dedicated specialists, has been reported as a fundamental pillar. Among the modulators for participation and adherence, comorbidities associated with bone metastases, logistic barriers, and lack of social support may be obstacles. Conversely, recommendations from the oncologist, personal motivation, and peer support were found to be facilitators of practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with bone metastases expressed a broad range of benefits from participation in a structured exercise program. Several modulators may affect uptake and adherence and thus should be considered when designing a dedicated program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70865","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Bioinformatics Identification of Lactate-Associated Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: G6PD's Role in Immune Modulation”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70870","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Qu HR, Wang CQ, Sun SJ, Zhang WW, Liu CH, Du XS, Shu YY, Wang XC, Pan Q, Luo FL, Wu HY, Zhang XL, Liu M. <i>Cancer Med</i>. 2025 Mar;14(6):e70801. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70801.</p><p>The first three authors (Qu HR, Wang CQ, Sun SJ) contributed to the work equally and should be regarded as co-first authors.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70870","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NLRP1 Emerges as a Promising Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Biomarker Across Multiple Cancer Types: A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis","authors":"Leila Habibipour,&nbsp;Mahboubeh Sadeghi,&nbsp;Alireza Raghibi,&nbsp;Nima Sanadgol,&nbsp;Amirhossein Mohajeri Khorasani,&nbsp;Pegah Mousavi","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70836","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) serves as the central component of the inflammasome complex and has emerged as a potential contributor to cancer development. Despite accumulating evidence, a comprehensive assessment of NLRP1 across various cancer types has yet to be undertaken.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several databases have evaluated NLRP1 expression across various cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Additionally, studies have investigated the correlation between NLRP1 and various survival metrics, infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts, genetic alterations, drug sensitivity, and promoter methylation. Furthermore, research has explored the potential roles of NLRP1 and its interactions with other proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis revealed decreased expression of NLRP1 in BLCA, BRCA, KICH, LUAD, LUSC, PRAD, and UCEC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. We identified a significant correlation between NLRP1 expression and various cancer survival parameters, genetic mutations, and immune infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Furthermore, we observed that NLRP1 expression is regulated by promoter DNA methylation in ESCA. Abnormal expression of NLRP1 was associated with decreased sensitivity to multiple anti-tumor drugs and small compounds. NLRP1 was found to be involved in pathways associated with T cell receptors and chemokines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced NLRP1 expression contributes to cancer progression and holds potential as a crucial biomolecular marker for diagnostic, prognostic, and personalized therapeutic interventions across different malignancies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight Management Experiences Among People Affected by Overweight and Obesity Who Are Living With and Beyond Colorectal, Breast or Prostate Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"William Goodman,&nbsp;Phillipa Lally,&nbsp;Abigail Fisher,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Beeken","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70885","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After a cancer diagnosis, recommendations for those living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) are to maintain a body mass index (BMI) &lt; 25 and avoid weight gain. This study explored factors associated with receipt of and interest in weight management advice as well as engagement in weight management programmes (WMPs) among people LWBC affected by overweight and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>3456 participants living with or beyond breast, prostate or colorectal cancer and affected by overweight and obesity completed our questionnaire. Participants reported advice received on losing weight, interest in receiving weight management advice, enrolment in a lifestyle programme and their beliefs about maintaining a healthy weight to prevent cancer recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Logistic regression results suggested that those who received advice were more likely to be interested in advice (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.30; 2.18) and to be enrolled in a WMP (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.07; 2.40). The belief that maintaining a healthy weight could prevent cancer recurrence was associated with greater interest in weight management advice (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.33; 1.62) and enrolment in a programme (OR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.25; 1.99).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results highlight that those who recall receiving weight management advice are more likely to be enrolled in a WMP, suggesting that advice should be offered by healthcare professionals to all those patients affected by overweight and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This suggests that the receipt of weight management advice may encourage people LWBC who are affected by overweight and obesity to engage with WMPs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70885","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collider Bias Is an Insufficient Explanation for the Inverse Obesity Paradox in Prostate Cancer","authors":"Tanja Stocks,&nbsp;Christel Häggström,&nbsp;Josef Fritz","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70871","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Collider bias is often considered a potential explanation when the association between obesity and disease diagnosis differs from that with disease outcome, as seen in the “obesity paradox.” For prostate cancer (PCa), in particular localized PCa, an “inverse” obesity paradox has been observed, where body mass index (BMI) is negatively associated with diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] ~0.9 per 5-kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; increase), but positively associated with PCa-specific death (HR ~ 1.2). However, collider bias in this context remains unexplored.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We simulated binary disease diagnosis and outcome data, including the typically unmeasured/unknown background variable (U) that could introduce collider bias. We calculated U-unadjusted (biased) and U-adjusted (true) marginal odds ratios (OR) from a case-only analysis, and determined the bias percentage using &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;OR&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Biased&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;OR&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;True&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;OR&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;True&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;100&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ left({mathrm{OR}}_{mathrm{Biased}}-{mathrm{OR}}_{mathrm{True}}right)/{mathrm{OR}}_{mathrm{True}}times 100 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. Similar simulations were performed for classical confounding.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Across a broad range of plausible parameter values for the PCa context, collider bias did not distort the OR of BMI on PCa death by more than 4%, equivalent to a ± 0.04 distortion in the OR estimate for continuous BMI. In comparison, classical confounding showed a higher potential for distorting BMI and PCa death associations than collider bias.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70871","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Resilience and Its Influencing Factors Among Patients With Lung Cancer Based on Double ABC-X Theoretical Framework","authors":"Ziyi Shen,&nbsp;Yan Fang,&nbsp;Chengcheng Li,&nbsp;Xin Luo,&nbsp;Junling Cui,&nbsp;Yanchang Liu,&nbsp;Jingfang Hong","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70868","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The aim of this study was to evaluate the family resilience and its psychosocial influencing factors of patients with lung cancer. Relationships between variables and pathways were also explored based on the Double ABC-X as the theoretical framework.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A cross-sectional survey of 318 lung cancer patients was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Anhui, China. The questionnaires included a general information survey, the Chinese perceived stress scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the social support scale, the cognitive emotion regulation scale, the self-efficacy scale, the medical coping modes questionnaire, and the family resilience scale. Data entry was performed using EpiData3.1 software, while data processing and analysis were conducted with SPSS 26.0. The structural equation modeling was fitted and validated using AMOS 26.0 software.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Family resilience levels were found to be moderately above average. Linear regression analysis indicated payment method, employment status, time since diagnosis, confrontative coping style, Positive Cognitive Emotion Regulation (PCER), perceived stress, social support, and personal resilience as the main influencing factors, which could explain 71.1% of the variation of family resilience in individuals with lung cancer. The final model comprises nine significant pathways. Cognitive emotion regulation, self-efficacy, and social support all have direct positive effects on family resilience (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.202, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.272, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.298). Personal resilience, social support, and self-efficacy significantly positively influence confrontive coping modes (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.293, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.175, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.121). Individual resilience has a significant positive effect on self-efficacy, with a path coefficient of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.377. Submissive coping modes are notably enhanced by perceived stress, as indicated by a path coefficient of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.516, while personal resilience negatively affects submissive coping styles, as indicated by a path coefficient of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = −0.188.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study highlights the importance of psychosocial factors, such as cognitive emotion regulation, self-efficacy, and social support, in enhancing family resilience in lung cancer patients. Clinically, interventions targeting these factors might significantly improve family functioning and coping mechanisms, contributing to better patient and family outcomes duri","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70868","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Drugs Approved Based on Surrogate Endpoint: A Retrospective Observational Study in the United States and China","authors":"Ting Zhu,&nbsp;Jinjia Zhong,&nbsp;Yafang Huang","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70864","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hundreds of cancer drugs are approved globally based on surrogate endpoint response rate (RR). However, the characteristics of RR-based approvals remain unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective study, all cancer drug-indication pairs approved based on RR in the United States and China up to December 2023 were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 249 RR-supported drug-indication pairs were identified in the United States and 98 in China. In the United States, 98 of the 249 (39.4%) indications were granted regular approval (RA), whereas in China, only 21 of 98 (21.4%) approvals followed this regulatory pathway, with the remainder receiving accelerated approval (AA). The conversion rate from AA to RA was significantly lower in China compared to the United States (13.3% vs. 28.1%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The proportion of AA withdrawals was significantly lower in China compared to the United States (1.0% vs. 10.4%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Among all indications, the median RR in China was 60.9% (IQR, 35.8%–75.0%), which was significantly higher than the 45.0% (IQR, 29.0%–61.0%) in the United States (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In China, 18 of the 98 (18.4%) had an RR less than 30%. In contrast, in the United States, 26.9% of the 249 had an RR less than 30%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to the United States, RR-supported approvals in China are characterized by higher RR values and a stricter RA pathway. Regulatory authorities in both countries may need to consider both the quantity and quality during cancer drug development based on surrogate endpoints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}