Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Navigating Life With High-Grade Glioma: Experiences and Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults","authors":"Kaviya Devaraja,&nbsp;Maureen Daniels,&nbsp;Derek S. Tsang,&nbsp;Kim Edelstein,&nbsp;Julie Bennett,&nbsp;Cheryl Kanter,&nbsp;Warren Mason,&nbsp;Abha A. Gupta,&nbsp;Jonathan Avery","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70867","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents and young adults (AYA, 18–39) with high-grade glioma (HGG) face unique challenges at a life stage focused on autonomy, careers, relationships, and family planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores their experiences to inform life-stage appropriate support and resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this mixed-methods study, we surveyed AYA HGG patients at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM) to assess symptom experiences and care satisfaction. Interviews further explored their illness experiences and needs. Descriptive statistics summarized survey data, and thematic analysis guided by Braun and Clarke's framework identified key interview themes. Triangulation compared survey and interview results for a comprehensive understanding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen participants (7 men, 10 women; mean age 30.57) completed surveys and interviews. Triangulation revealed typical AYA challenges, such as delays in education, careers, and relationships, along with HGG-specific issues. Three main themes emerged: (1) managing cognitive and treatment-related impacts on life goals, (2) addressing physical and cognitive impairments affecting relationships, and (3) navigating identity loss and independence due to neurological symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions and educational support integrated into AYA HGG care pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trifluridine/Tipiracil and Oxaliplatin as Induction Chemotherapy in Resectable Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Study","authors":"Sarbajit Mukherjee,&nbsp;Yu Fujiwara,&nbsp;Christos Fountzilas,&nbsp;Harsha Pattnaik,&nbsp;Sarah Chatley,&nbsp;Deepak Vadehra,&nbsp;Moshim Kukar,&nbsp;Kristopher Attwood,&nbsp;Anthony George,&nbsp;Shailesh Advani,&nbsp;Han Yu,&nbsp;Kayla Catalfamo,&nbsp;Alyson Brown,&nbsp;Erik Spickard,&nbsp;Arkarachai Fungtammasan,&nbsp;Sagila George,&nbsp;Chih-Yi Liao,&nbsp;Renuka Iyer,&nbsp;Hassan Hatoum","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70835","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) followed by surgery for localized esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (EGAC) is a standard of care with a pathologic complete response (pCR) rate of 20%. We evaluated a novel combination of trifluridine/tipiracil with oxaliplatin as induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by CRT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled patients with potentially resectable localized EGAC (T3, T4aN0, or node-positive disease) in this open-label, single-arm, multicenter, Phase II trial between January 2020 and October 2022. Patients received three cycles of IC with trifluridine/tipiracil and oxaliplatin and then underwent concurrent CRT with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel followed by surgery. The primary objective was to evaluate the pCR rate. The secondary objectives were to evaluate 2-year progression-free survival (PFS), 2-year overall survival (OS), and toxicities. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was measured at prespecified intervals to assess its correlation with clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 22 enrolled patients, 19 (86.4%) were male and 20 (90.9%) were Caucasian. The median age was 61 years, and 12 (54.5%) had their primary disease at the gastroesophageal junction. Twenty (90.9%) patients had T3 disease, and 15 (68.2%) had node-positive disease. Only two patients had pCRs, and an additional five had near pCRs. Since we could not meet our predefined pCR rate at the interim analysis, the study was closed. After a median follow-up of 15.8 months, 2-year OS and PFS were 43% and 41%, respectively. ctDNA clearance was associated with a significantly higher OS rate (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and PFS rate (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Nausea (59.1%) and fatigue (59.1%) were common treatment-related adverse events (AEs); nine (40.9%) patients had Grade 3 or higher AEs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IC with trifluridine/tipiracil and oxaliplatin followed by CRT did not improve pCR rate in resectable EGAC compared to pCR from previous reports with CRT alone. We found a correlation between ctDNA clearance and improved survival, which merits further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Information</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NCT04097028.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Exome Sequencing Study Identifies Distinct Characteristics of Transformed Small Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR Mutation Compared to De Novo Small Cell and Primary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers","authors":"Jinjing Tan,&nbsp;Dan Zhao,&nbsp;Qunhui Wang,&nbsp;Yanjing Peng,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Xi Li,&nbsp;Nanying Che,&nbsp;Ying Hu,&nbsp;Hua Zheng","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70838","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype among non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and targeted therapies are the primary approach for treatment. However, the development of resistance to therapy and histological transformation into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) present significant challenges. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this transformation is crucial for effective differential diagnosis and the formulation of treatment strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In this study, we collected tissue from 5 primary LUAD before SCLC transformation, 12 transformed SCLC after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, and 18 de novo SCLC from lung cancer patients treated at Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on these samples to compare the genomic alterations of these three tumor types, elucidating their similarities, differences, and connections. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Fisher exact test and performed with R v4.2.1 environment.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Among 12 transformed SCLC cases, the majority were female (10/12, 83.3%), non-smokers (10/12, 83.3%) and harbored EGFR 19del mutations (11/12, 91.7%). Four were with limited stage and 8 with extensive stage. TP53 mutations and RB1 loss are important but not necessary for SCLC transformation. The mutation rates of TP53 were 60% (3/5) in primary LUAD, 70% (7/10) in transformed SCLC, and 89% (16/18) in de novo SCLC. RB1 loss rates were 40% (2/5) in primary LUAD, 30% (3/10) in transformed SCLC, and 50% (9/18) in de novo SCLC. Additionally, mutations in COL22A1 and ALMS1 were only observed in transformed SCLC and de novo SCLC. In contrast, mutations in PTCH2, CNGB3, SPTBN5, CROCC, and MYO15A were more common in transformed SCLC, whereas PABPC3 and MUC19 mutations were more frequent in de novo SCLC. Smoking-related mutations (SBS4) were only found in de novo SCLC, with no changes observed in transformed SCLC. TMB levels were significantly lower in transformed SCLC compared to de novo SCLC (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01). Genomic instability was significantly higher in transformed SCLC compared to primary LUAD and de novo SCLC. This was supported by higher levels of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025), uniparental disomy (UPD, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003), loss of heterozygosity (LOH, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.008), and telomeric allelic imbalance (TAI, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02). The increased frequency of UPD events in transformed SCLC suggests that UPD may act as a “second h","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Polyps Based on Noninvasive Urinary Metabolite Screening and Construction of a Nomogram","authors":"Yang Xie,&nbsp;Yiyi Jin,&nbsp;Zide Liu,&nbsp;Jun Li,&nbsp;Qing Tao,&nbsp;Yonghui Wu,&nbsp;Youxiang Chen,&nbsp;Chunyan Zeng","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70762","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose/Backgrounds</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal polyps (CRPs) are precursors to colorectal cancer (CRC), and early detection is crucial for prevention. Traditional diagnostic methods are invasive, prompting a need for noninvasive biomarkers. This study aimed to identify urinary metabolite biomarkers for diagnosing CRPs and construct a diagnostic nomogram based on noninvasive urinary metabolite screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 192 participants, including 64 CRP patients and 128 healthy controls, were recruited. Urine samples were analyzed using untargeted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS). Metabolite screening was performed using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). A diagnostic nomogram was developed based on identified metabolites, and its performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 350 metabolites were identified, with 7 key metabolites significantly associated with CRP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified Saccharin (OR = 48.3, 95% CI: 4.44–525.32) and N-omega-acetylhistamine (OR = 27.91, 95% CI: 2.31–337.06) as significant risk factors for CRP, while N-methyl-L-proline, trimethylsilyl ester (OR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01–0.8) was a protective factor. A nomogram incorporating these metabolites demonstrated strong discriminatory power, with AUC values of 0.974 and 0.960 in the training and validation sets, respectively. Calibration plots and DCA confirmed the model's accuracy and clinical utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study successfully identified seven urinary metabolites as potential noninvasive biomarkers for CRP. The constructed diagnostic nomogram, based on these metabolites, offers high predictive accuracy and clinical applicability, providing a promising tool for the early detection of CRP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities in Fertility-Impacting Cancer Incidence Among Young Populations in the United States","authors":"Katherine I. Tierney,&nbsp;Jennifer Therrien,&nbsp;Stephanie Ellwood,&nbsp;Lisa Graves","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70797","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infertility is a concerning late effect of cancer and cancer treatments, yet referrals for fertility preservation are unequal across U.S. sociodemographic groups. Although all-site cancer incidence varies across U.S. sociodemographic groups, it is unclear whether fertility-impacting cancers, specifically, are unevenly distributed by sex or race/ethnicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional analysis of cancer registry data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (2010–2020). Age-specific demographic rates and negative binomial regression with an exposure for population size were employed to assess inequalities in the incidence rates of fertility-impacting cancers among U.S. individuals aged 39 and younger. Wald tests were used to compare coefficients across the multivariable negative binomial regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women had higher incidence rates of fertility-impacting cancers (cancers of the reproductive organs, cancers in areas proximal to the reproductive organs or that contribute to reproductive functioning, and other cancers identified in the literature as fertility-impacting) in the fully adjusted models. These associations differed from the patterns observed among all other types of cancers. The incidence rates of fertility-impacting cancers also varied by race/ethnic groups. However, the patterning observed by race-ethnicity varied between the three fertility-impacting cancer groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The burden of fertility-impacting cancers is unequal across sex and race/ethnic groups. The sociodemographic patterns observed in fertility-impacting cancers differ substantively from cancers that were not identified as fertility-impacting. The findings reinforce the importance of screening for fertility-impacting cancers and identify a potential unmet need for both fertility preservation referrals among cancer patients and access to fertility treatment for survivors of cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1,120,377 Individuals From the NHISS Cohort","authors":"Hyunseok Jee","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70848","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing data from the National Health Insurance Sharing Service database, this study explored significant risk factors for pancreatic cancer in a cohort of 1,120,377 South Korean individuals over a 10-year period (2009–2019).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Propensity score matching was employed to ensure comparability between 3535 pancreatic cancer patients and a control group with a common cold diagnosis. The study analyzed various lifestyle factors and biochemical markers, including smoking status, alcohol consumption, fasting blood glucose (FBS) levels, liver enzyme levels, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed that current smoking, frequent alcohol consumption, and elevated levels of FBS and liver enzymes were associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Conversely, engaging in high-intensity exercise (≥ 20 min, twice weekly) was correlated with a 20% reduction in pancreatic cancer risk (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, optimal thresholds for total cholesterol (179.50 mg/dL), GGT (29.50 U/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (104.50 mg/dL), and CCI score (2.50) were identified, which may facilitate early diagnosis and intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the importance of modifiable lifestyle factors in managing pancreatic cancer risk and highlight the potential of personalized, evidence-based interventions—such as high-intensity exercise programs—in improving prevention and treatment outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70848","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Prevention of Cervical Cancer by Anti-Human Papillomavirus Agents","authors":"Hangdi Chen,&nbsp;Kai Guo,&nbsp;Zhihao Bai,&nbsp;Liuyi Lu,&nbsp;Bin Liu,&nbsp;Jiali Zhang,&nbsp;Meiyin Zhong,&nbsp;Changfen Xu,&nbsp;Wanghuan Chen,&nbsp;Aiwu Huang,&nbsp;Yuemin Ding","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70847","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer remains a major global health threat for women, primarily driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. While HPV vaccination serves as the cornerstone of prevention, disparities in vaccine accessibility persist across low-income countries. Secondary prevention through screening faces challenges in public engagement, often leading to late-stage diagnoses. Recent advancements in novel anti-HPV drugs offer expanded opportunities for cervical cancer management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review examines emerging anti-HPV therapeutics to provide insights into innovative strategies for cervical cancer prevention and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic analysis of published studies investigating anti-HPV agents, focusing on their molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy in cervical cancer prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results &amp; Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multiple promising anti-HPV agents have been identified, including 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride-modified bovine β-lactoglobulin (3HP-β-LG), carrageenan, defensins, and 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). These compounds exert antiviral effects through distinct mechanisms: 3HP-β-LG competitively inhibits viral attachment, carrageenan blocks HPV entry via heparan sulfate mimicry, defensins inhibit the dissociation of viral capsid, and 25HC activates cholesterol-mediated antiviral pathways. They have demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on HPV infection, making them novel therapeutic candidates for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70847","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delta-He as a Novel Predictive and Prognostic Biomarker in Patients With NSCLC Treated With PD–1/PD-L1 Inhibitors","authors":"Green Hong,&nbsp;Song-I Lee,&nbsp;Da Hyun Kang,&nbsp;Chaeuk Chung,&nbsp;Hee Sun Park,&nbsp;Jeong Eun Lee","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70826","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Lung cancer treatment has rapidly advanced, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1 and PD-L1. However, there are variable responses, such as immune-related adverse events. Several factors predicting the prognosis of lung cancer ICI treatment have been studied so far, but they have limitations, leaving an unmet need. This study aims to investigate delta-He, a novel marker reflecting the iron availability and inflammation through the difference in hemoglobin content between reticulocytes and erythrocytes, as a potential prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC undergoing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This research was conducted at Chungnam National University Hospital, analyzing 79 advanced NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The study population had a mean age of 70 years, with the majority being male (82.3%) and former or current smokers (84.8%). Blood samples collected before therapy initiation were examined for hematological parameters, including delta-He, using Sysmex XN-550 and XN-20 analyzers. The study employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan–Meier curves for the statistical analysis, using SPSS version 26 (IBM Corp., USA) and MedCalc version 22 (MedCalc Software Ltd., Belgium) to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of delta-He, and to analyze progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study revealed that delta-He is a significant prognostic marker in patients with NSCLC treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. A delta-He cutoff value of 3.3 pg was identified based on ROC analysis. Patients with high delta-He values (&gt; 3.3 pg) showed significantly longer median PFS (9.6 vs. 3.0 months, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.024) and OS (not reached vs. 12.2 months, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.010) than those with low values. The high delta-He group also had higher objective response rate (41.4% vs. 26.0%) and disease control rate (86.2% vs. 52.0%). Multivariate analysis highlighted higher delta-He (&gt; 3.3 pg), along with other factors such as FEV1 and smoking status, as important predictors of survival, underscoring its potential role in guiding therapeutic decisions of ICIs in NSCLC (PFS: HR 0.874, 95% CI 0.264-0.874, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.016; OS: HR 0.327, 95% CI 0.150-0.715, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our study shows delta-He as a promising prognostic biomarker for lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, hi","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Critical Role of Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 in Breast Cancer: From Mammary Gland Development to Tumor Progression","authors":"Yuhang Song,&nbsp;Panshi Zhang,&nbsp;Sudhanshu Bhushan,&nbsp;Xinhong Wu,&nbsp;Hongmei Zheng,&nbsp;Yalong Yang","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70856","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4) is a highly conserved DNA-binding inhibitory protein of mammals, and its main role is to bind basic helix–loop–helix (b-HLH) so that it loses its DNA-binding activity, which in turn regulates the transcription of key genes, regulating cell differentiation and proliferation as the physiological function. Breast tissue is a highly heterogeneous tissue organ with a strong capacity for remodeling and differentiation, and studies of breast carcinogenesis suggest that the mechanisms regulating the differentiation of breast tissue interact critically with tumorigenesis. The expression level of ID4 and its regulatory mechanism play a crucial role in the study of breast cancer, but its oncogenic or oncostatic role has not yet been unanimously identified, and its regulatory mechanism in breast cancer still needs to be further elucidated. This review summarizes and analyzes the relevant studies of ID4 and the research progress in breast cancer, integrating the development of breast tissue and tumorigenesis with the regulatory role of ID4, to provide some insights into develop new treatment strategies and diagnostic biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Tumour DNA in Patients With EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Early Disease Progression After First-Line Osimertinib Treatment: The ELUCIDATOR Multicentre Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Akihiro Tamiya,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Mizumori,&nbsp;Mitsuo Osuga,&nbsp;Shun-ichi Isa,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Taniguchi,&nbsp;Keiichi Nakamura,&nbsp;Daijiro Harada,&nbsp;Tsutomu Shinohara,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Yanai,&nbsp;Katsumi Nakatomi,&nbsp;Masahide Oki,&nbsp;Masahide Mori,&nbsp;Tomohito Kuwako,&nbsp;Koji Yamazaki,&nbsp;Atsuhisa Tamura,&nbsp;Masahiko Ando,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Koh","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70861","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Osimertinib is the standard therapy for patients with chemotherapy-naive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring sensitising epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) mutations. However, some patients treated with osimertinib experience progressive disease (PD). Therefore, this study aimed to explore mechanisms underlying osimertinib resistance, focusing on early PD (within 6 months).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicentre prospective observational study enrolled patients with advanced NSCLC receiving osimertinib as the first-line anti-cancer therapy. Mutations in cancer-associated genes were analysed using next-generation sequencing of circulating tumour DNA samples collected before osimertinib treatment and on detection of PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between May 2019 and January 2021, 188 patients were enrolled, of whom 125 (66%) were women and 96 (51%) had <i>EGFR</i> exon 19 deletion mutations. In this interim analysis, 78 patients experienced PD and 36 experienced early PD. Compared with patients without early PD, those with early PD were more likely to test positive for <i>EGFR</i>-activating mutations at baseline (86.1% vs. 63.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and had significantly more co-occurring gene mutations in addition to <i>EGFR</i> mutations (2.89 ± 1.49 vs. 1.97 ± 1.37, <i>p</i> = 0.002). In three patients with early PD, one patient each had a germline <i>BRCA1</i>, <i>BRCA2</i> and <i>BRINP3</i> mutation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>EGFR</i> mutations in ctDNA and multiple co-occurring gene mutations at baseline are associated with poor outcomes and early PD. Plasma-based serial comprehensive gene profiling could help predict and identify patients who are unlikely to benefit from osimertinib treatment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Japanese Register of Clinical Trials JRCT: registration number: jRCTs031180051</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}