Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Non-Invasive Tumor-Naïve Minimal Residual Disease Detection of Liver Cancer by Incorporating Circulating Tumor DNA Features and Alpha-Fetoprotein: A Prospective Study","authors":"Qingqi Ren,&nbsp;Shiyong Li,&nbsp;Guolin Zhong,&nbsp;Yunfei Li,&nbsp;Dao-Ling Huang,&nbsp;Liangliang Zhang,&nbsp;Yumin Feng,&nbsp;Guanghui Long,&nbsp;Mao Mao","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70511","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70511","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver cancer has a high recurrence rate of 50%~70% for early-stage patients. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is strongly linked to liver cancer early recurrence. Identifying MRD through reliable prognostic biomarkers, such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), could significantly benefit these patients by enabling timely intervention and improved outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective study enrolled 32 liver cancer patients undergoing radical surgery. Peripheral blood samples (8 mL) were collected before and after surgery. In this study, we expanded upon our previously developed multi-omics assay, initially designed for liver cancer early detection by calculating a cancer signal score (P_HCC), to determine the MRD status (named SeekInCure). This process integrated protein tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer genomic hallmarks, copy number aberration (CNA) and fragment size (FS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the enrolled patients, 78.1% were in early stages, and before surgery, 87.5% of patients had successfully detected the cancer signal in blood. After radical surgery, 23 patients were MRD-negative, exhibiting better overall survival compared to the MRD-positive patients (<i>n</i> = 9, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Patients maintaining undetectable cancer signals pre- and post-surgery showed 100% survival, conversely, those keeping with detectable signals had a 55.6% mortality rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective study highlights the prognostic value of ctDNA-based tumor-naïve MRD detection through a multi-omics assay in early-stage liver cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of an MRI-Based Radiomics Nomogram to Predict the Prognosis of De Novo Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer Patients","authors":"Wen-Qi Liu,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Xue,&nbsp;Xu-Yun Huang,&nbsp;Bin Lin,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Li,&nbsp;Zhi-Bin Ke,&nbsp;Dong-Ning Chen,&nbsp;Jia-Yin Chen,&nbsp;Yong Wei,&nbsp;Qing-Shui Zheng,&nbsp;Xue-Yi Xue,&nbsp;Ning Xu","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70481","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70481","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on MRI radiomics to predict overall survival (OS) for patients with de novo oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 165 patients with de novo oligometastatic PCa were included in the study (training cohort, <i>n</i> = 115; validating cohort, <i>n</i> = 50). Among them, MRI scans were conducted and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) sequences were collected for radiomics features along with their clinicopathological features. Radiological features were extracted from T2WI and ADC sequences for prostate tumors. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) combined with 10-fold cross-validation were used to select the optimal features on each sequence. Then, a weighted radiomics score (Rad-score) was generated and independent risk factors were obtained from univariate and multivariate Cox regressions to build the nomogram. Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and Rad-score were included in the nomogram as independent risk factors for OS in de novo oligometastatic PCa patients. We found that the areas under the curves (AUCs) in the training cohort were 0.734, 0.851, and 0.773 for predicting OS at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. In the validating cohort, the AUCs were 0.703, 0.799, and 0.833 for predicting OS at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Furthermore, the clinical relevance of the predictive nomogram was confirmed through the analysis of DCA and calibration curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MRI-based nomogram incorporating Rad-score and clinical data was developed to guide the OS assessment of oligometastatic PCa. This helps in understanding the prognosis and improves the shared decision-making process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Whole-Brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases an Overestimated Therapy? A Retrospective Study of Real-World Data Using Landmark Analyses","authors":"Florian Hoelzl,&nbsp;Oliver Koelbl,&nbsp;Isabella Gruber","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70522","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70522","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of whole-brain radiotherapy for patients with brain metastases is changing as immunotherapy and molecularly targeted therapies advance. However, whole-brain radiotherapy continues to be part of the multimodal concept.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included 285 patients who received whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases, using a median dose of 30 Gy. The study analyzed prognostic factors for survival using Cox regression analyses, while two landmark analyses, reflecting a minimum survival of 60 and 90 days, accounted for early deaths. Neurological symptoms were compared before and after treatment using the McNemar test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median patient age was 62 years. Non-small cell lung cancer (<i>n</i> = 95), breast cancer (<i>n</i> = 53), and small cell lung cancer (<i>n</i> = 48) were the most frequent cancer types. Median survival was 4.3 months (interquartile range 1.8–11.1). In the multivariable Cox regression model, patients who received additional immunotherapy/molecularly targeted therapy had a higher chance of survival than others. Overall survival was influenced by control of primary cancer, extracranial metastases, age, Karnofsky performance status, and number of brain metastases. The 90-day landmark analysis included 181 patients who survived at least 90 days, reflecting that 104 patients (36.5%) died within the first 90 days. The 90-day landmark analysis confirmed all predictive variables for survival. Patients who died before the 90-day landmark endpoint had more brain metastases, lower Karnofsky performance status, higher age, and were less frequently treated with immunotherapy/molecularly targeted therapy than those surviving at least 90 days. The treatment significantly improved neurological symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate an insufficient patient selection, as one-third of patients treated with whole-brain radiotherapy died within 90 days. However, neurological symptoms improved, and the addition of immunotherapy and/or molecularly targeted therapy to whole-brain radiotherapy was associated with better survival. Patients receiving whole-brain irradiation should be more carefully selected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials: 24-3626-104</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy","authors":"Youzhao Ma,&nbsp;Jingyang Zhang,&nbsp;Dechuang Jiao,&nbsp;Xiuchun Chen,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Liu","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70484","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70484","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few studies with a large sample size are available on patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) receiving neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) for breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MetS on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer undergoing NAT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data of patients with breast cancer receiving NAT at our center from January 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. A chi-square test and logistic regression model were applied to ascertain the factors associated with MetS and pathological complete response (pCR). The Cox proportional risk model was employed for univariate and multivariate analyses of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 910 patients enrolled, 164 (18.0%) were diagnosed with MetS, 568 (62.4%) with stage II, and 342 (37.6%) with stage III. Postmenopausal status (<i>p</i> = 0.045) and stage III (<i>p</i> = 0.009) were associated with a higher incidence rate of MetS. MetS was associated with a lower pCR rate (<i>p</i> = 0.027). The 5-year DFS (83.7% vs. 73.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and OS (92.8% vs. 85.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) of the non-MetS group were significantly better than those of the MetS group. In premenopausal women, the DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and OS (<i>p</i> = 0.025) of the non-MetS group were significantly better than those of the MetS group. No significant differences were noted in DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.270) or OS (<i>p</i> = 0.078) between the two groups in postmenopausal women. In the Cox proportional risk model, MetS acted as an independent factor associated with DFS (HR = 1.705, 95% CI: 1.201–2.421, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and OS (HR = 1.874, 95% CI: 1.149–3.055, <i>p</i> = 0.012).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MetS was associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer receiving NAT. Hence, close attention should be paid to patients with breast cancer who have MetS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Combination With Chemotherapy for Extensive Small Cell Lung Cancer: Real-World Evidence","authors":"Yuta Yamanaka,&nbsp;Yukiko Okuno,&nbsp;Keisuke Kamisako,&nbsp;Yuta Okazaki,&nbsp;Kentaro Nakanishi,&nbsp;Yume Sanada,&nbsp;Kiyori Yoshida,&nbsp;Tatsuki Ikoma,&nbsp;Yuki Takeyasu,&nbsp;Utae Katsushima,&nbsp;Hiroshige Yoshioka,&nbsp;Takayasu Kurata","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70480","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extensive small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are currently managed using first-line chemotherapy options, including atezolizumab (Atezo) plus etoposide and carboplatin (CE) or durvalumab (Durva) plus etoposide with either cisplatin (PE) or carboplatin (CE). However, a definitive distinction in therapeutic effects between Atezo and Durva in these regimens remains unestablished.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from 100 patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as first-line chemotherapy. Among them, 70 were administered Atezo + CE, 12 received Durva + PE, and 18 received Durva + CE. We assessed the efficacy of the two ICIs across various factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) did not significantly differ between Atezo + CE and Durva + CE/PE as first-line chemotherapy treatments for SCLC. We observed no significant differences in age, sex, performance status (PS), liver metastasis, bone metastasis, or platinum-based agent usage between the treatment cohorts. However, a marked improvement in PFS and OS was observed in the solitary patient with brain metastasis treated with Atezo + CE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary distinction between these treatments was observed in the management of patients with brain metastasis. The literature lacks comparative studies on the effects of first-line ICI treatment on the central nervous system, rendering our findings significant in clinical practice. Despite the retrospective nature of this study and the potential for various biases, we recommend the preferential use of Atezo + CE in patients with brain metastasis to potentially enhance prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota as Mediator and Moderator Between Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study","authors":"Bingren Hu,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Jiangqiao Yao,&nbsp;Ganglian Lin,&nbsp;Qikuan He,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Bo,&nbsp;Zhewei Zhang,&nbsp;Anlvna Li,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Gang Chen,&nbsp;Yunfeng Shan","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70454","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70454","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of gut microbiome on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the potential correlation between gut microbiome and HBV-related HCC and introduced novel machine learning (ML) signatures based on gut microbe to predict the risk of HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 640 patients with chronic liver diseases or HCC were prospectively recruited between 2019 and 2022. Fecal samples were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify risk characteristics. Several ML methods were employed to construct gut microbe-based models and the predictive performance was evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 571 patients were involved in the study, including 374 patients with HCC and 197 patients with chronic liver diseases. After the propensity score matching method, 147 pairs of participants were enrolled in the analysis. <i>Bacteroidia</i> and <i>Bacteroidales</i> were demonstrated to exert mediating effects between HBV and HCC, and the moderating effects varied across <i>Bacilli</i>, <i>Lactobacillales</i>, <i>Erysipelotrichaceae</i>, <i>Actinomyces</i>, and <i>Roseburia</i>. HBV, alpha-fetoprotein, alanine transaminase, triglyceride, and Child-Pugh were identified as independent risk factors for HCC occurrence. Seven ML-based HBV-gut microbe models were established to predict HCC, with AUCs ranging from 0.821 to 0.898 in the training set and 0.813–0.885 in the validation set. Furthermore, the merged clinical-HBV-gut microbe models exhibited a comparable performance to HBV-gut microbe models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gut microbes are important factors between HBV and HCC through its potential mediating and moderating effects, which can be used as valuable biomarkers for the pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70454","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Implications of the Number of Lymph Node Metastases in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population Study of the SEER Database and an Institutional Registry","authors":"Wenjie Huang,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Zhiying Liang,&nbsp;Shumin Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Pan,&nbsp;Hui Xie,&nbsp;Chao Luo,&nbsp;Shuqi Li,&nbsp;Guangying Ruan,&nbsp;Fei Ai,&nbsp;Yanfeng Chen","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70493","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70493","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the impact of the number of positive lymph nodes (PLNs) on long-term survival and pathological nodal stage in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Newly diagnosed and nonmetastatic adult patients with OTSCC who underwent curative resection were identified between January 2010 and December 2020. External validation was performed via the SEER registry. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pathological nodal features. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to assess effect of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACRT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 518 curative-intent OTSCC patients, the number of PLNs independently predicted overall survival (OS), surpassing other pathological nodal features, including extranodal extension, laterality, and lower neck involvement. Patients with 1 or 2 PLNs had comparable worse OS than those with no PLN (median OS of 1 PLN vs. 2 PLNs vs. 0 PLN: 35.1 vs. 30.5 vs. 40.2 months), but better than those with ≥ 3 PLNs (median OS of 1–2 PLNs vs. 3 PLNs: 32.1 vs. 19.0 months). A proposed nodal category with 0, 1–2 PLNs, and ≥ 3 PLNs exhibited increasingly worse OS (HR of 1–2 PLNs and ≥ 3 PLNs vs. 0 PLN: 2.98 [95% CI: 1.89–4.71], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; 5.47 [95% CI: 3.33–9], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; respectively) and showed improved prediction power versus current pN staging (C-index: 0.717 vs. 0.713, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). PSM analysis revealed that ACRT benefited patients with advanced nodal disease (≥ 3 PLNs) and improved OS. These findings were validated in SEER registry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of PLNs is a better predictor of overall tumor burden for OTSCC and could be a more accurate metric for survival estimation, which should be considered in future simplified pathological nodal staging for better risk stratification and decision-making in subsites of the oral cavity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of Evidence on Nutritional Management for Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy","authors":"Xin Dan,&nbsp;Ya-Lin He,&nbsp;Ya-Lin Tian,&nbsp;Tang-Lin Chen,&nbsp;Jia-Yi Yu","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70519","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70519","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper aims to consolidate the most robust evidence on nutritional strategies for patients undergoing chemotherapy, offering evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. The review highlights critical evidence gaps in nutritional therapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients undergoing systemic therapy, integrating findings from both prospective and retrospective studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the “6S” evidence resource pyramid model, clinical decision-making tools, guidelines, expert consensus, and systematic reviews on nutritional management for chemotherapy patients were systematically retrieved from national and international databases. The methodological quality of the selected literature was evaluated using AGREE II for guidelines, the JBI Evidence-Based Healthcare Center's standards for systematic reviews, and expert consensus developed by evidence-based practice experts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 47 articles were analyzed, consisting of 12 guidelines, 12 expert consensus statements, and 23 systematic reviews. The findings were categorized into five dimensions: interdisciplinary collaboration, nutritional screening and assessment, nutritional requirements, nutritional therapy, and discharge and follow-up, resulting in the identification of 62 pieces of relevant evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study provides comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations for nutritional management in chemotherapy patients. Application of the evidence should be adapted to specific clinical scenarios, patient conditions, preferences, and expert judgment to ensure both feasibility and relevance in clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Contributions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review consolidates diverse nutritional management strategies into a unified framework, addressing evidence gaps in AGC under systemic therapy. Integrating prospective and retrospective studies with interdisciplinary insights provides evidence-based recommendations to enhance patient care through personalized and standardized approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FTO Facilitates Cervical Cancer Malignancy Through Inducing m6A-Demethylation of PIK3R3 mRNA","authors":"Bingxin Chen,&nbsp;Liming Wang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Li,&nbsp;Ci Ren,&nbsp;Chun Gao,&nbsp;Wencheng Ding,&nbsp;Hui Wang","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70507","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70507","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence rate and mortality of cervical cancer rank the fourth in the global female cancer. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) always plays an important role in tumor progression, and fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) works as the m6A demethylase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study aimed to narrate the biological function and potential mechanisms for FTO in cervical cancer malignancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed potential clinical value of FTO in cervical cancer patients. The relative protein levels of FTO in cervical cancerous tissue and paracancerous tissue were verified by IHC. After changing the FTO expression level by lentivirus transfection, the proliferation and metastasis ability of cervical cancer cells were detected both in vitro and in vivo. Further, Merip-seq and Merip-qPCR are used to profile m6A transcriptome-wide. Finally, western blot were performed to identify the regulatory mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on TCGA-CESC cohort and GEO dataset, FTO expression levels in HPV-positive cancer patients were significantly higher than those in HPV-negative cancer patients and could predict advanced FIGO stage. The protein level of FTO in cervical cancerous tissue was higher than that in paracancerous tissue. Functional assays indicated that FTO promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The Merip-seq and Merip-qPCR evoked that relative PIK3R3 m6A level was significantly increased after FTO knockdown, which effected the activation of FoxO pathway. After knocking down FTO, upregulation of PIK3R3 can restore the malignancy of cervical cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All in all, these data suggest a vital role for FTO in occurrence and development of cervical cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Prevalence, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes for Patients With HER2 (ERBB2)-Mutant Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, From a US-Based Clinico-Genomic Database","authors":"Sarah Waliany,&nbsp;Misako Nagasaka,&nbsp;Leah Park,&nbsp;Clara Lam,&nbsp;Zoe Jiang,&nbsp;Feng Lin,&nbsp;Joel W. Neal","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Targeted therapies have been shown to improve outcomes in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) with driver mutations. We evaluated the real-world prevalence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; <i>ERBB2</i>) tumor gene mutations among patients with mNSCLC and described historical treatments and outcomes in patients with <i>HER2</i>-mutant mNSCLC, during a period when there was no approved targeted therapy for <i>HER2</i>-mutant mNSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective observational study used a US nationwide de-identified NSCLC clinico-genomic database. Eligible patients were adults diagnosed with <i>HER2</i>-mutant mNSCLC from January 2014 to July 2021 without co-occuring epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) tumor mutations. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize prevalence, baseline characteristics and treatment patterns. Clinical outcomes were estimated with Kaplan–Meier analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 9206 patients with mNSCLC, 164 (1.78%) met the eligibility criteria (mean age: 67.3 years, 63.4% White, 56.7% female, and 53.0% with a smoking history). 132/164 (80.5%) had at least one line of treatment. Platinum-based chemotherapy (45.5%) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) with chemotherapy (28.0%) were the most frequently used first-line treatments. The median (95% confidence interval [CI]) real-world (rw) progression-free survival in first-line was 5.5 (4.8, 6.2) months and 3.0 (2.3, 4.2) months in second-line. The median rw overall survival in first-line was 13.2 (10.6, 18.4) months and 8.2 (6.6, 13.2) months in second-line.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During this study period, the most common regimens were platinum-based chemotherapy with or without ICI in first and second line, and median rwOS was 13.2 and 8.2 months, respectively. These results indicate the need for more effective targeted therapies in this patient population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}