Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Breast Cancer Detection Patterns in Year 2 of the COVID-19 Pandemic Highlight Gains and Gaps in Breast Cancer Surveillance","authors":"Susan J. Doh,&nbsp;Trisha Lal,&nbsp;Natalie Chakraborty,&nbsp;Uriel Kim,&nbsp;Richard S. Hoehn","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic severely hindered breast cancer (BC) diagnoses. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on BC diagnoses in the US.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively reviewed the 2024 release of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER: 2000–2021) for invasive BC incidences per 100,000 in adult women. Using the SEER Joinpoint software, we modeled BC incidence trends through 2019 and extrapolated expected incidences in 2020–2021. We compared expected and observed incidences and calculated percent differences (PD) and the national deficit in diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observed BC incidence in 2020 was 122.03, while expected incidence was 132.14, yielding a PD of −7.6% [−8.9%, −6.4%]. In 2021, observed BC incidence exceeded projections (3.5% [2.1%, 4.8%]). These translated to a cumulative deficit of 7190 cases [−11,886, −2494] during 2020–2021. Localized and regional BC detection decreased in 2020 and was within (1.4% [−0.9%, 3.7%]) or exceeded (4.1% [4.2%, 4.4%]) projections, respectively, in 2021. Distant disease detection was within projections in 2020 and exceeded projections in 2021 (3.9% [0.6%, 7.2%]). Across most demographic subgroups, detection was low in 2020. In 2021, cases exceeded projections in White women and metropolitan and high education/income counties, were within projections in racial/ethnic minorities and rural and low education/income counties, and were below projections in 85+ year olds and 10%–19.99% foreign-born counties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BC detection recovered in 2021 compared to the start of the pandemic, but notable disparities persisted. Careful surveillance and study are needed to prevent further gaps in BC detection years after the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LAG3 as a Tumor Suppressor and Immune Regulator in Cervical Cancer: From Functional Validation to Therapeutic Strategy","authors":"Shijie Yao,&nbsp;Siming Chen,&nbsp;Shimeng Wan,&nbsp;Anjin Wang,&nbsp;Ziyan Liang,&nbsp;Xuelian Liu,&nbsp;Yang Gao,&nbsp;Hongbing Cai","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71278","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer remains a significant health burden for women worldwide, with persistent high-risk HPV infection being a major etiological factor. Despite treatment advances, prognosis for recurrent or metastatic disease remains poor. Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, plays a dual role in tumor immunity, but its implications in cervical cancer are not fully elucidated. This study aims to systematically characterize pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in cervical cancer and explore their prognostic and therapeutic relevance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-omics data from TCGA and GEO databases were integrated to analyze genetic variations, expression patterns, and prognostic significance of 52 PRGs in cervical cancer. Consensus clustering was used to identify PRG subtypes. A prognostic risk score model was constructed using LASSO-Cox regression based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional validation was performed via in vitro and in vivo experiments, including Western blot, CCK-8, colony formation, transwell assays, and a subcutaneous tumor model. Single-cell RNA sequencing data (GSE171894, GSE168652) were analyzed to explore LAG3 expression in the tumor immune microenvironment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two distinct PRG subtypes were identified, with subtype A showing immune activation features. A five-gene prognostic signature (GNAZ, LAG3, IL-1β, CA2, SPRR3) effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups. Low LAG3 expression was associated with poor prognosis. Functional experiments demonstrated that LAG3 overexpression suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth, while its knockdown promoted malignant phenotypes. Single-cell analysis revealed high LAG3 expression in Treg and CD8⁺ T cells, suggesting its role in immune regulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study establishes a novel PRG-based prognostic model and highlights LAG3 as a key tumor suppressor and immune regulator in cervical cancer. These findings provide insights into the interplay between pyroptosis and antitumor immunity, supporting LAG3 as a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Immigration Status on Survival Among Stage 1 and 2 HER2-Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Ontario, Canada","authors":"Omolara Fatiregun,&nbsp;Rinku Sutradhar,&nbsp;Sho Podolsky,&nbsp;Andrea Eisen,&nbsp;Lawrence Paszat,&nbsp;Eileen Rakovitch","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined death from breast cancer and death from other causes among women with Stage 1 and 2 Her2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (BC) by immigration status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified women aged 18–75 diagnosed with BC in Ontario from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019, followed them to December 31, 2023, and identified legal immigrants from the Immigration, Refugee, and Citizenship Canada Permanent Resident (CIC) database. We linked administrative data sources for the date of diagnosis, molecular subtype, death due to breast cancer, and death due to all other causes. Using adjusted competing risks regression (Fine and Gray method), we analyzed the influence of immigration on breast cancer survival and calculated the sub-distribution hazard ratios (sHR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no increased risk of death among legal immigrants on univariate or multivariable analysis. They had a sHR of 0.95 (0.77–1.19) on univariate analysis and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.83–1.36) on multivariable analysis for breast cancer deaths, and for other causes of death, 0.63 (0.47–0.83) on univariate analysis, and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.62–1.15) on multivariable analysis compared to long-term residents. Patients with HER2-positive status had a lower risk of death from breast cancer and other causes compared to those with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients with Stage 2 cancer had a significantly higher hazard of death from breast cancer compared to Stage 1 (HR = 3.72, 95% CI: 2.96–4.66, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Ontario, legal immigrants do not have an increased risk of death from breast cancer or other causes compared to long-term residents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Genome-Wide IGF-1R Recruitment to Enhancer and Promoter Regions of Chromatin in Clinical Prostate Cancers","authors":"Jack V. Mills,&nbsp;Avigail Taylor,&nbsp;Reema Singh,&nbsp;Jinseon Kim,&nbsp;Simon Engledow,&nbsp;Richard Colling,&nbsp;Clare Verrill,&nbsp;Ian G. Mills,&nbsp;Valentine M. Macaulay","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71257","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nuclear insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) undergoes IGF-induced recruitment to cancer cell chromatin in vitro and associates with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) stage in clinical tissue, prompting this investigation of IGF-1R chromatin recruitment in vivo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human tissues surplus to diagnostic need were obtained from consenting patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or radical prostatectomy (RP). Initial tissue samples were processed for H3K4me1-positive control ChIP to optimise homogenisation, fixation and ChIP conditions. Following successful method optimization, IGF-1R and H3K4me1 ChIP-seq was performed on six treatment-naïve localized PCa samples, along with parallel IGF-1R immunohistochemistry analysis. MACS2 and LanceOtron peak callers were used to identify binding sites from ChIP-seq data and MEME Suite was used to identify an IGF-1R binding motif. In vitro chromatin immunoprecipitation qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) was used for ChIP-seq data validation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 5743 unique IGF-1R binding sites, with 37% within 3 kb of gene transcription start sites (TSSs). Of these sites, 72.3% coincided with enhancer mark H3K4me1, suggesting regulatory function. Motif analysis identified an IGF-1R consensus binding motif for the first time, with a sequence resembling that of the insulin receptor and PITX2 transcription factor binding motifs, supporting functional similarities. In vitro ChIP-qPCR confirmed IGF-1R recruitment to a site identified in vivo in the <i>RRM2</i> TSS, a gene involved in DNA replication and repair and regulated by the IGF-axis, highlighting potential regulatory function of nuclear IGF-1R.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, these data represent the first characterization of genome-wide IGF-1R recruitment in PCa tissue and are consistent with a transcriptional regulatory role, further elucidating the contribution of nuclear IGF-1R to advanced clinical stage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Caregiver Anxiety and Depression From Patient Distress in Brain Tumor Dyads: Actor-Partner Interdependence Model","authors":"Anna-Maria Kisić,&nbsp;Maike K. Klett,&nbsp;Ralf Schaefer,&nbsp;Caterina Quente,&nbsp;Michael Sabel,&nbsp;Marion Rapp,&nbsp;André Karger","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malignant brain tumors place significant physical, cognitive, and emotional strain on patients and caregivers. Psychosocial distress screening is part of standard care for patients, while caregiver screening remains challenging. This study examined the association of patient psychosocial distress at diagnosis with caregiver anxiety and depression over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This secondary analysis used data from a prospective, single-center, observational study of malignant brain tumor dyads. To assess the association of patient psychosocial distress at diagnosis (T0) with caregiver anxiety and depression at T0 and at 3 (T1) and 6 (T2) months post-diagnosis, the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Complete data from 58 dyads were included at T0, 43 at T1, and 41 at T2. Patient distress at T0 predicted caregiver depression at T1 (<i>β</i> = 0.310, <i>p</i> = 0.007) and T2 (<i>β</i> = 0.322, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and caregiver anxiety at T2 (<i>β</i> = 0.303, <i>p</i> = 0.020). Caregiver distress at T0 did not predict patient anxiety and depression at any time point. For both patients and caregivers, distress at T0 predicted their own anxiety and depression at T0 and their anxiety at T1. For caregivers, distress at diagnosis also predicted anxiety at T2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychosocial distress experienced by patients with malignant brain tumors at diagnosis significantly predicts their caregivers' anxiety and depression over time. Caregivers at risk of increased anxiety and depression could therefore be identified by screening for patient distress. These findings also highlight the critical need for early psychosocial support for both patients and caregivers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospectively registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (10 July 2024; DRKS00034637)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explorative Detection of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Exhaled Breath of Patients With Breast Cancer","authors":"Francesco Segrado,&nbsp;Alessio Polymeropoulos,&nbsp;Michela Bianchi,&nbsp;Chiara Veronese,&nbsp;Roberto Agresti,&nbsp;Gianfranco Scaperrotta,&nbsp;Roberto Boffi,&nbsp;Rosalba Miceli,&nbsp;Rosaria Orlandi","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous messenger with pleiotropic functions, plays a role in cancer, including breast cancer (BC). Considering the high permeability and leakiness of NO across tissues and the increased levels of NO recently reported in exhaled breath and blood of patients with lung cancer, we explored exhaled NO levels in patients with BC in a future perspective of non-invasive cancer detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) levels were detected in the breath of 192 women with BC and malignancy-free controls employing a widely used point-of-care (POC)-based system previously developed for asthma monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FeNO levels were lower in BC patients compared to controls, with the lowest levels in women with HER2-expressing tumors. In univariate and multivariate analyses and after adjustment for age, smoking, and asthma, this difference was not significant. The effects of smoking were not statistically significant, whereas asthmatic subjects had significantly higher levels of FeNO (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Neither menopause nor BMI had a significant impact on FeNO levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our explorative work indicates that FeNO levels are heterogeneously detected in the breath of BC patients in the absence of confounding effects and are associated with the clinical characteristics of the disease. More sensitive detection of exhaled NO and larger cohorts enriched with ER negative BC are needed to further explore the potential of NO in non-invasive detection of BC, either alone or in conjunction with other BC-related volatile markers, and extending the NO measurement to blood or tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter Study on Unnecessary Rebiopsies in CT-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy of Pulmonary Lesions","authors":"Yangfan He,&nbsp;Huanhuan He,&nbsp;Yubo Cai,&nbsp;Shanshan Lyu,&nbsp;Zhengyi Zhou,&nbsp;Chengyou Zheng,&nbsp;Xinke Zhang,&nbsp;Jinling Duan,&nbsp;Jierong Chen,&nbsp;Jiewei Chen","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71228","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy of pulmonary lesions (PTNBP) is widely used for diagnosing and managing lung cancer. However, rebiopsies are often required due to insufficient specimens for definitive pathological diagnosis and molecular testing, which increase patient burden and reduce treatment efficiency. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of rebiopsies and propose strategies to minimize unnecessary rebiopsies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 12,882 PTNBP cases from three centers were analyzed from January 2018 to December 2022. Attribution analysis was conducted for the rebiopsy cases, and descriptive analysis was conducted for clinical parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rebiopsy rate was 6.5% (841/12,882), with 31.0% (261/841) of rebiopsies due to insufficient specimens. Among these cases, 87.0% (227/261) were stage III–IV, 89.7% (234/261) had poorly differentiated tumors, and 80.1% (209/261) were non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The proportion of molecular testing in stage IV cases was significantly higher than in stage I–III cases (44.8% vs. 25.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.0022). Poorly differentiated cases required significantly more biomarkers in immunohistochemistry and special staining than moderately and well-differentiated cases (8.1 vs. 4.0, <i>p</i> = 0.0039). Insufficient tissue rates were significantly higher in cases with only one biopsy core compared to those with more cores (2.4% vs. 1.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0088).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with advanced-stage disease, poorly differentiated tumors, and NSCLC undergoing PTNBP are more likely to require rebiopsy due to insufficient specimens. Increasing the number of biopsy cores (≥ 2) and implementing one-stop management for pathological assessment may effectively reduce unnecessary rebiopsies in PTNBP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaggregation of Hepatobiliary Cancer Mortality Among Asian Americans: Analysis of NVSS Mortality Data","authors":"Anna Park,&nbsp;Andrew Vodinh-Ho,&nbsp;Ivory Rok,&nbsp;Xinran Qi,&nbsp;George A. Hung,&nbsp;Nicholas Kikuta,&nbsp;Armaan Jamal,&nbsp;Gloria S. Kim,&nbsp;Latha P. Palaniappan,&nbsp;Malathi Srinivasan,&nbsp;Robert J. Huang,&nbsp;Adrian M. Bacong","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Asian Americans (AAs) are a diverse population, and aggregation of AA health data in national reports conceals significant differences between AA subgroups. As hepatobiliary cancer rates increase globally, a greater understanding of hepatobiliary mortality among AA subgroups could motivate precision intervention and screening programs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using national mortality data from 2005 to 2020, we report age-adjusted mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios, and annual percent change for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nonspecified liver cancer (NOS), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC) using national mortality data for the six largest AA subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) compared to non-Hispanic White people (NHW).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All AA subgroups (except Asian Indians) had significantly higher hepatobiliary cancer mortality than NHW people. Vietnamese people demonstrated the highest mortality from HCC (7.65 per 100,000) and nonspecified liver cancer (5.57 per 100,000), while Korean people had the highest mortality from the biliary tract cancers: ICC (3.10 per 100,000), GBC (0.72 per 100,000), and ECC (0.97 per 100,000). Notably, ICC mortality increased across the study period. Across all subgroups, male individuals had significantly higher hepatobiliary cancer mortality than female individuals, with differences being largest for HCC and nonspecified liver cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differences in mortality across hepatobiliary cancer types demonstrate the importance of analyzing subtypes separately. These differences also highlight the importance of developing ethnically targeted screening, prevention strategies, and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Occult Liver Metastasis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Subjective Imaging and Clinical Data","authors":"Jia-Bei Liu,&nbsp;Qian-Biao Gu,&nbsp;Jia He,&nbsp;Die-Juan Liu,&nbsp;Jia-Lu Long,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Peng Liu","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly lethal, with liver metastases leading to poorer outcomes. Occult liver metastases (OLM), undetected by initial imaging, complicate treatment and diminish survival rates. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for occult liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer, which is crucial for effective preoperative planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 142 patients with PDAC were retrospectively analyzed between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2023. Malignant cases were confirmed by pathology, and benign cases were confirmed by pathology or follow-up. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7:3. Factors associated with OLM in PDAC were identified using a stepwise approach, beginning with univariate and followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Logistic regression was used to develop clinical, radiological, and combined models, with performance evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). A nomogram was constructed, and calibration and decision curves were generated. Additionally, machine learning models (RF, SVM, XGBoost) were employed, with AUC and variable importance plots used to evaluate their performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two clinical and four radiological features independently predicted OLM. The combined model achieved an AUC of 0.86 (training) and 0.84 (validation), outperforming clinical (AUC: 0.73, 0.75) and radiological models (AUC: 0.81, 0.75). Machine learning models showed AUCs of 0.787 (RF), 0.850 (SVM), and 0.851 (XGBoost) in the validation cohort. Decision and calibration curves confirmed the combined model's reliability and clinical utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combined model incorporating clinical and radiological features offers a simple, cost-effective tool to identify PDAC patients at high risk for OLMs, supporting informed surgical decisions and improved outcomes. Integrating clinical and radiological markers enhances early detection and personalized care in PDAC management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain and Cognitive Concerns Among Breast Cancer Survivors: The Mediating Role of Substance Use Coping","authors":"Yesol Yang,&nbsp;Alai Tan,&nbsp;Leorey N. Saligan,&nbsp;Diane Von Ah","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71204","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Context</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bodily pain and cognitive concerns are both prevalent and share similar underlying mechanisms. A few studies have suggested that pain and cognitive concerns may be linked through substance use coping; however, this relationship remains unclear, particularly among breast cancer survivors (BCS). Gaining a clearer understanding of this relationship is critical, as it could inform survivorship care plans for BCS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate whether bodily pain is related to cognitive concerns among BCS and to further explore whether this relationship is mediated by substance use coping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a sub-analysis of data obtained from a larger cross-sectional study. Bodily pain was assessed using the Short-Form Health Survey, and cognitive concerns were measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System. Substance use coping was assessed using two items from the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships among bodily pain, substance use coping, and cognitive concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher levels of bodily pain and higher use of substance use coping were associated with greater cognitive concerns. Although the relationship was weakly related, we found that bodily pain was associated with substance use coping, and that substance use coping mediated the association between bodily pain and cognitive concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the importance of regular pain assessments to help prevent future behavioral and cognitive consequences. Moreover, efforts to screen for and manage both pain and substance use may ultimately help prevent cognitive problems during survivorship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}