Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Overall Survival With Palbociclib and Aromatase Inhibitor Versus Aromatase Inhibitor Alone in Older Patients With HR+/HER2− Metastatic Breast Cancer","authors":"Adam M. Brufsky,&nbsp;Rickard Sandin,&nbsp;Stella Stergiopoulos,&nbsp;Connie Chen,&nbsp;Siddharth Karanth,&nbsp;Benjamin Li,&nbsp;Elizabeth Esterberg,&nbsp;Doris Makari,&nbsp;Sean D. Candrilli,&nbsp;Ravi K. Goyal,&nbsp;Hope S. Rugo","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) in combination with endocrine therapy are the current standard of care for first-line (1L) treatment of hormone receptor–positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HR+/HER2–) metastatic breast cancer (mBC). To investigate the effectiveness of palbociclib, the first-in-class CDK4/6i, plus an aromatase inhibitor (AI) in older patients, we compared overall survival (OS) in a Medicare population treated with 1L palbociclib + AI versus an AI alone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients aged ≥ 65 years who were diagnosed with de novo HR+/HER2– mBC from 2015 to 2019 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–linked Medicare database and were eligible if they initiated 1L palbociclib + AI or an AI alone. The primary endpoint was OS. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) was used to balance baseline patient characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 779 eligible patients, 296 received palbociclib + AI and 483 received AI alone as 1L treatment. After sIPTW, the median follow-up was 23.1 months with palbociclib + AI and 18.2 months with AI alone. Adjusted median OS was longer with palbociclib + AI versus AI alone (sIPTW: 37.6 vs. 25.5 months, HR = 0.73 [95% CI, 0.59–0.91]). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, patients treated with palbociclib + AI versus AI alone had a 39% lower risk of death (HR = 0.61 [95% CI, 0.48–0.77]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In routine US clinical practice, palbociclib + AI was associated with significantly prolonged OS versus AI alone in 1L treatment of patients aged ≥ 65 years with de novo HR+/HER2– mBC, adding to the growing body of evidence on the survival benefit of palbociclib + AI in this patient population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06086340</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Clinical Trial Enrollment for Pediatric Patients With Hepatoblastoma and Wilms Tumor: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group","authors":"Pablo S. Monterroso,&nbsp;Sarah Lucht,&nbsp;Jeannette M. Sample,&nbsp;Angela D. Trobaugh-Lotrario,&nbsp;Helen M. Parsons,&nbsp;Lucie M. Turcotte,&nbsp;David Van Riper,&nbsp;Jenny N. Poynter,&nbsp;Erin L. Marcotte","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70692","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Published childhood cancer studies have observed differences in therapeutic trial enrollment by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and age at diagnosis. Our study investigates patterns of enrollment for pediatric oncology clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed differences in Children's Oncology Group clinical trial enrollment in a cohort of pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma (<i>n</i> = 212) and Wilms tumor (<i>n</i> = 1107). Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated for trial enrollment by patient characteristics. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine associations between characteristics and three outcomes (therapeutic trial [referent], exclusively non-therapeutic study, no trial or study). Statistical significance tests were two-sided.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately half of all cases enrolled in therapeutic trials for both tumor types (Wilms: 48%; hepatoblastoma: 51%). For Wilms tumor, patients diagnosed at ages 3–5 years were more likely to enroll compared to those diagnosed at age &lt; 1 year (RR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.13) and had lower odds of joining exclusively a non-therapeutic study compared to those diagnosed at age &lt; 1 years (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.44, 0.90). There was no association between race, ethnicity, or SES and enrollment. For hepatoblastoma, no variables indicated any statistically significant difference in enrollment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few differences in clinical trial enrollment were observed during periods when trials were available for all risk groups, a promising sign of equity in pediatric oncology clinical trial recruitment. Among Wilms tumor cases, differences in enrollment were observed for age at diagnosis, a potential proxy for disease acuity, which may influence decision making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70692","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Cholesterol Metabolism and Its Regulation in Tumor Development","authors":"Yongmei Wu,&nbsp;Wenqian Song,&nbsp;Min Su,&nbsp;Jing He,&nbsp;Rong Hu,&nbsp;Youbo Zhao","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70783","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within the tumor microenvironment, tumor cells undergo metabolic reprogramming of cholesterol due to intrinsic cellular alterations and changes in the extracellular milieu. Furthermore, cholesterol reprogramming within this microenvironment influences the immune landscape of tumors, facilitating immune evasion and consequently promoting tumorigenesis. These biological changes involve modifications in numerous enzymes associated with cholesterol uptake and synthesis, including NPC1L1, SREBP, HMGCR, SQLE, and PCSK9.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Review</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review systematically summarizes the role of cholesterol metabolism and its associated enzymes in cancer progression, examines the mechanisms through which dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism affects immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, and discusses recent advancements in cancer therapies that target cholesterol metabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Targeting cholesterol metabolism-related enzymes can inhibit tumor growth, reshape immune landscapes, and rejuvenate antitumor immunity, offering potential therapeutic avenues in cancer treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Various Exercise Types on Cancer-Related Fatigue for Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Shichen Zhou,&nbsp;Guang Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Xu,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang,&nbsp;Guoming Chen,&nbsp;Yau-Tuen Chan,&nbsp;Ya Xuan Sun,&nbsp;Jiayan Zhou,&nbsp;Ning Wang,&nbsp;Yibin Feng","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70816","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study compares the effectiveness of 7 types of guideline-recommended first-line exercises for cancer-related fatigue (CRF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search was conducted utilizing public databases, including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Randomized clinical trials examining the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, stretching exercise, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, Yoga, Qigong, or Tai Chi on CRF in various cancer types were included. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to synthesize the data. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were used to detect the effect modifiers and to confirm the robustness, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 33 clinical trials were included in this analysis. Overall, both resistance (SMD, −1.72; 95% CI, −2.81 to −0.63) and Yoga (SMD, −1.27; 95% CI, −1.38 to −1.16) reduced the fatigue severity significantly better than standard care, but there was no significant decrease for other exercise types. For cancer survivors with an age over 55 years, only Yoga showed statistically significant improvement in CRF (SMD, −1.27; 95% CI, −1.38 to −1.16). For patients with an age less than 55 years, both resistance (SMD, −1.75; 95% CI, −2.91 to −0.58) and Yoga (SMD, −1.66; 95% CI, −2.81 to −0.51) reduced the fatigue severity compared to standard care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both resistance exercise and yoga showed significant benefits in alleviating CRF compared to standard care. Yoga was particularly effective for cancer survivors over 55 years of age, while resistance exercise and yoga were comparably effective for those under 55 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daxx Variation as a Potential Predictive Marker of the Therapeutic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer","authors":"Xi Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaoming Kao,&nbsp;Leilei Liu,&nbsp;Xuan Wang,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Qiurong Li","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70815","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) varies from achieving a complete pathological response to encountering resistance to treatment. Therefore, biomarkers for predicting the NACRT responses should be identified. This prospective study aimed to identify key genomic biomarkers as the predictors of the NACRT response with LARC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 67 patients with LARC treated with NACRT and proctectomy were divided into two groups based on the tumor regression grade (TRG) for identifying key biomarkers. Patients with a TRG of 0 or 1 were assigned to the sensitive response group, and patients with a TRG of 2 or 3 were the resistant response group. Twenty-nine postsurgical tumor samples were collected for whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify genomic variation biomarkers. The other 38 pairs of tumor specimens from pretreatment and postsurgery samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to examine the biomarker features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the WES subcohort, 11 genes showed copy number variation, including <i>FNKBIA</i>, <i>ARID1A</i>, <i>CCND2</i>, <i>CDK4</i>, <i>LYN</i>, <i>MDM2</i>, <i>RAD51B</i>, <i>RARA</i>, <i>SPEN</i>, <i>STAT3</i>, and <i>Daxx</i>, which has the highest copy number variation. For the IHC subcohort, <i>Daxx</i> was initially highly expressed in the nuclei of tumor cells, particularly in the sensitive response group, while varying its expression after NACRT, demonstrating that <i>Daxx</i> levels were related to treatment responses and the survival benefit, especially a better disease-free survival (DFS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified multiple genomic variations between sensitive and resistant responders and verified that <i>Daxx</i> is a potential predictive biomarker of the response to NACRT in LARC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Tryptophan Metabolic Profile Characteristics and Clinical Value in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients","authors":"Qiang Miao,&nbsp;Xinhua Dai,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wu,&nbsp;Li Luo,&nbsp;Junlong Zhang,&nbsp;Han Luo,&nbsp;Bei Cai","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70808","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the primary subtype of thyroid cancer. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving prognosis and survival. However, the effectiveness of existing serum markers is limited, necessitating the discovery of new biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilized liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to analyze tryptophan metabolic profiles in serum samples from 105 DTC patients and 50 healthy controls. Independent predictors of DTC were identified through univariate intergroup comparisons and multivariate logistic regression analysis, leading to the development and validation of a new diagnostic model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences were observed in 11 tryptophan metabolites between DTC patients and controls. Logistic regression identified nicotinamide, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan, melatonin, and indole-3-propionic acid as independent predictors. The nomogram prediction model was established based on these five metabolites, and according to the Hosmer–Lemeshow test, the model showed good fit. The five-metabolite diagnostic model demonstrated 84.8% sensitivity, 90.0% specificity, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.932. Decision curve analysis indicated that the model had significant advantages over serum thyroglobulin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tryptophan metabolism exhibits distinct changes in DTC patients, with specific metabolites serving as early diagnostic markers. The five-metabolite panel demonstrates potential for improving early detection and management of DTC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"circTUBD1-hnRNPK Regulates the Proliferation and Migration of LSCC by Targeting CCAR1","authors":"Yufeng Xu,&nbsp;Shijie Qiu,&nbsp;Zhisen Shen,&nbsp;Jingjing Chen","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70834","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies of the head and neck region. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to exhibit abnormal expression patterns in various tumors and play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Functional assays assessed proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistic studies were performed to explore the interaction between circTUBD1 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), as well as its regulation of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Regulator 1 (CCAR1). In vivo experiments confirmed circTUBD1's role in tumor growth and metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We discovered that circTUBD1 is significantly upregulated in LSCC and promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LSCC cells. circTUBD1 forms a circRNA-protein complex with hnRNPK and facilitates LSCC progression by regulating CCAR1. Furthermore, in vivo experiments in mice demonstrated that silencing circTUBD1 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of LSCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence that circTUBD1 is a potential tumor marker for LSCC and underscores the therapeutic potential of targeting circTUBD1 in this cancer type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Outcomes of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy","authors":"Jia Yi Tan,&nbsp;Yong Hao Yeo,&nbsp;Hermon Wong Kha Kin,&nbsp;Qi Xuan Ang,&nbsp;Mohammad Muhsin Chisti,&nbsp;Daniel Ezekwudo,&nbsp;Talal Hilal","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70831","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has arisen as a revolutionary treatment for hematologic malignancies. Our study aimed to evaluate how sex differences affect outcomes and complications following CAR T-cell therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing the Nationwide Readmissions Database (2018–2020), we identified patients and divided them into male and female groups. Hospital outcomes and complications were compared among these two groups after propensity score matching to match groups based on comorbidities, producing two comparable cohorts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 2928 patients (1832 males, 62.6%, mean age 60.3 ± 13.7 years; 1096 females, 37.4%, mean age 59.1 ± 13.8 years). After propensity score matching (1:1ratio), 1092 males and females were compared. There were no significant sex differences in early mortality (adjusted odd ratios (aOR): 1.04 [95% CI 0.69–1.57]), 30-day readmissions (aOR: 1.05 [95% CI 0.86–1.30]), or nonhome discharge (aOR: 0.89 [95% CI 0.60–1.31]). Females had higher odds of leukopenia (aOR: 1.26 [95% CI 1.06–1.50]) but lower odds of acute kidney injury (aOR: 0.68 [95% CI 0.52–0.88]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No sex differences were found in hospital outcomes, including early mortality, 30-day readmission, and nonhome discharge after CAR T-cell therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70831","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection Aggravates Physical and Mental Health in Cancer Patients Compared to Co-Living Individuals","authors":"Jiayao Liu,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Wujie Zhao,&nbsp;Jie Zhi,&nbsp;Xiaojing Jia,&nbsp;Yitao Jia,&nbsp;Yanqing Tie","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70795","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to the psychological sequels of COVID-19 due to their immunocompromised state and the disruptions to their regular oncological care. There is limited research comparing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on cancer patients and their co-living individuals. This study aims to explore the similarities and differences in physical and psychological outcomes between these two groups, with a 1-year follow-up to assess long-term effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective observational study was conducted between January and February 2023. A total of 107 participants were included: 72 cancer patients and 35 co-living individuals, all diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Depression, anxiety, and fatigue were assessed at two timepoints: shortly after COVID-19 diagnosis and 1 year later.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer patients exhibited higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea (20.83% vs. 5.71%, <i>p</i> = 0.045), which were associated with increased anxiety and depression (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Advanced-stage cancer (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and lack of vaccination (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) correlated with worse psychological outcomes. Female cancer patients reported higher depression scores (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Laboratory findings indicated higher neutrophil percentages (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), fibrinogen (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and D-dimer levels (<i>p</i> = 0.015) in cancer patients, signaling a higher risk of inflammation and thrombosis. Both groups showed improvements in depression and fatigue over the 1-year follow-up, but cancer patients continued to report greater psychological distress (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and fatigue (<i>p</i> = 0.024).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer patients infected with COVID-19 experienced more severe physical and psychological symptoms compared to their co-living individuals, with persistent differences 1 year after infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChiCTR2300067577</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Associations of Body Composition and Body Shape With the Risk of Developing Pancreatic Cancer in the UK Biobank Cohort","authors":"Sofia Christakoudi,&nbsp;Konstantinos K. Tsilidis,&nbsp;Marc J. Gunter,&nbsp;Elio Riboli","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70809","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity and diabetes are positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk. It is unclear, however, whether fat or fat-free mass plays a role in these relationships, whether abdominal obesity is more important than general obesity or whether the associations with anthropometric indices and diabetes are independent of each other.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to examine the prospective associations of body composition (allometric fat-mass index (AFI) and allometric lean-mass index (ALI), based on bioelectrical impedance, uncorrelated with each other and with height), waist size (allometric waist-to-hip index (WHI), uncorrelated with weight and height) and diabetes with pancreatic cancer risk in UK Biobank. We tested heterogeneity by sex, age and follow-up time with the augmentation method (p_het).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During a mean follow-up of 10.4 years, 999 pancreatic cancer cases were ascertained in 427,939 participants. AFI was positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk in participants overall, independent of ALI, WHI, diabetes and covariates (hazard ratio HR = 1.102; 95% confidence interval CI = 1.033–1.176 per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase), more strongly in women aged under 55 years at recruitment (HR = 1.457; 95% CI = 1.181–1.797; p_het = 0.007) and in men only for follow-up 6 years or longer (HR = 1.159; 95% CI = 1.037–1.295; p_het = 0.075). ALI was positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk in participants overall (HR = 1.072; 95% CI = 1.005–1.145), more specifically in men (HR = 1.132; 95% CI = 1.035–1.238; p_het = 0.091). A positive association of WHI with pancreatic cancer risk was observed only in unadjusted models but was lost after adjustment for smoking status and diabetes. Independent of anthropometric indices, diabetes was associated positively with pancreatic cancer risk in participants overall (HR = 1.688; 95% CI = 1.365–2.087), but in women only for follow-up under 6 years (HR = 2.467; 95% CI = 1.477–4.121; p_het = 0.042).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>General obesity (reflected in AFI and ALI) and diabetes but not abdominal obesity were associated positively with pancreatic cancer risk, independent of each other and covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}