Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Sun protection and skin cancer screening after childhood cancer—A report from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study","authors":"Carina Nigg PhD,&nbsp;Maša Žarković MD, PhD,&nbsp;Philippa Jörger PhD,&nbsp;Eva Maria E. Tinner MD,&nbsp;Calogero Mazzara MD,&nbsp;Eva Brack MD, PhD,&nbsp;Paul Castle,&nbsp;Alexander Navarini MD,&nbsp;Christina Schindera MD, PhD,&nbsp;Claudia E. Kuehni MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70364","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70364","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) face elevated skin cancer risk, especially after radiotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The authors evaluated the prevalence and predictors of sun protection, sunburn, and physician skin examination (PSE) among CCS in Switzerland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors surveyed CCS diagnosed &lt;21 years and surviving ≥5 years after diagnosis about sun protection, sunburns during last summer, and PSE within the last year. They retrieved cancer-related data from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry and used multivariable logistic regression, stratified by age group, to identify predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors included 1048 children (5–15 years), 572 adolescents (16–19 years), and 1959 adults (≥20 years). Regular sun protection was reported by 89% of children, 65% of adolescents, and 77% of adults, and sunburns by 23%, 49%, and 43%, respectively. PSE prevalence among those treated with radiotherapy was 21%, 18%, and 17%, and among HSCT recipients 36%, 28%, and 28%, respectively. Radiotherapy was unrelated to sun protection and PSE, but associated with fewer sunburns (odds ratio [OR], 0.63–0.77). HSCT recipients were more likely to have attended a PSE (OR, 2.06–3.75), but not radiotherapy recipients. Across age groups, survivors born more recently were less likely to protect from sun (OR, 0.94–0.97) and more likely to report sunburn (OR, 1.04–1.14).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sunburn prevalence was high despite good sun protection. Only few at heightened risk for skin cancer due to their treatment history attend PSEs as recommended by the Children’s Oncology Group. Health care practitioners should systematically integrate yearly PSE after radiotherapy or HSCT and encourage consistent sun protection, particularly among younger generations and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03297034).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of IDH2 and TP53 mutations significantly reduces survival of patients with chondrosarcoma","authors":"Anne Weidlich MD,&nbsp;Klaus-Dieter Schaser MD,&nbsp;Tareq A. Juratli MD,&nbsp;Jessica Pablik MD,&nbsp;Sven Märdian MD,&nbsp;Kathrin Hauptmann MD,&nbsp;Philipp Schwabe MD,&nbsp;Stephan Richter MD,&nbsp;Hagen Fritzsche MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70376","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70376","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chondrosarcoma (CS) has a prognosis largely influenced by tumor grade. Although <i>IDH</i> mutations have been reported in CS, impact on patient`s survival remains controversial. This study aims to assess prognostic relevance of <i>IDH</i> mutations on disease-specific survival (DSS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and local recurrence-free survival (RFS), in a large cohort of CS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors retrospectively analyzed CS samples from patients treated at two German musculoskeletal tumor centers. Tumor-specific mutations, including <i>IDH</i>, <i>TP53</i>, <i>TERT promoter</i>, and <i>CDKN2A/B</i>, were identified through DNA isolation and next-sequencing. Molecular findings were correlated with oncologic outcomes to evaluate their prognostic significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 109 patients (53 females, 56 males; median age, 57 (16–89) years) were included. Tumor grades were G1/ACT (39%), G2 (41%), and G3/dedifferentiated (10%). Median follow-up was 3.8 years with mortality of 17%. <i>IDH</i> mutations were detected in 59% (<i>IDH1</i>: 64%, <i>IDH2</i>: 36%), with dedifferentiated CS showing highest <i>IDH</i> mutation rate (91%), particularly <i>IDH2</i>. <i>IDH2</i>-mutations were associated with significantly worse DSS compared to <i>IDH</i>–wild-type or <i>IDH1</i>-mutated tumors, independent of tumor grade. Specifically, <i>IDH1</i>-<i>R132C</i> mutation correlated with significantly improved DSS compared to <i>R132G</i>, and <i>IDH2</i>-<i>R172S</i> variant showed longest DSS and MFS, whereas <i>IDH2</i>-<i>R172T</i> was linked to significant poor outcomes. In multivariable analysis, <i>IDH2</i> and <i>TP53</i> mutations were independent predictors of worse survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>IDH2</i> and <i>TP53</i> mutations are enriched in dedifferentiated CS and are significant, independent predictors of adverse survival, regardless of tumor grade. These findings support <i>IDH2</i> mutation status as clinically meaningful prognostic biomarker that may allow risk stratification and clinical decision-making in CS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline tumor burden and outcomes in patients with rare cancers treated with immunotherapy (Southwest Oncology Group trial S1609)","authors":"Paul L. Swiecicki MD,&nbsp;Megan Othus PhD,&nbsp;Sandip P. Patel MD,&nbsp;Young Kwang-Chae MD, MPH, MBA,&nbsp;Razelle Kurzrock MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70374","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70374","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It has been suggested that baseline tumor burden may correlate with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) outcome for individual tumor types in which ICIs are standardly used. The authors investigated whether pretreatment tumor burden correlates with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and tumor regression among patients who had rare cancers treated with dual ICIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southwest Oncology Group study S1609 was a phase 2, National Cancer Institute/Southwest Oncology Group basket study (&gt;1000 sites) evaluating nivolumab plus ipilimumab in 53 cohorts of patients who had rare/ultrarare malignancies (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02834013). Overall, 722 patients were included in this secondary analysis, all of whom had measurable disease (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1). Baseline tumor burden, defined as the sum of the greatest dimensions of target lesions at study registration, was analyzed based on quartiles observed in the data. The number of target lesions was also considered a secondary tumor burden measure. End points included OS and PFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Larger baseline tumor burden correlated with shorter OS, but not PFS (multivariable analysis). Higher baseline tumor burden quartiles had only a weak negative association with any tumor regression at first scan (Fisher exact test, <i>p</i> = .09), and multivariable analyses further indicated that both tumor burden and any tumor regression at first posttreatment scan were independently associated with OS in multivariable analysis (comparing a baseline tumor size ≥12.9 cm vs. 1.0–4.8 cm; hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.72; <i>p</i> = .032), but there was no evidence of an interaction between tumor burden and any tumor regression at the first scan (<i>p</i> for interaction &gt; .65).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Larger baseline tumor burden was associated with worse OS, but not PFS, and was not predictive of tumor regression after dual ICI therapy in a large cohort with rare cancer types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13025072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Final clinical data of a phase 1 dose-escalation study of WVT078, a BCMA×CD3 bispecific antibody, alone and in combination with γ-secretase inhibitor WHG626 in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma","authors":"Fredrik Schjesvold MD, PhD,&nbsp;Andrew Spencer MBBS, FRACP, FRCPA, DM,&nbsp;Yael C. Cohen MD,&nbsp;Enrique M. Ocio MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jordi Lopez-Pardo MD,&nbsp;Anna Maria Cafro MD,&nbsp;Natalie S. Callander MD,&nbsp;Jonathan L. Kaufman MD,&nbsp;Meera Mohan MD, MS,&nbsp;Martin Wermke MD,&nbsp;Noriko Doki PhD, MD,&nbsp;Rebecca Kan MPH,&nbsp;Pedro Milanez-Almeida PhD,&nbsp;Andrew Stein PhD,&nbsp;Gina Trabucco MSc,&nbsp;Stan Ye PhD,&nbsp;Karolina Kulec MSc,&nbsp;Romain Sechaud PhD,&nbsp;Souvik Banerjee PhD,&nbsp;Huiqin Zhong PhD,&nbsp;Clinton Lai MBChB, FFPM,&nbsp;Philipp J. Rauch MD,&nbsp;Marc S. Raab MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70341","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70341","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This first-in-human phase 1 study evaluated the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)×CD3 bispecific antibody WVT078 alone and in combination with the γ-secretase inhibitor WHG626 in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (r/r MM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objectives were to assess safety, tolerability, and to determine the recommended doses (RDs) and regimens for expansion for WVT078 and WHG626. Secondary objectives included the assessment of preliminary antitumor activity and characterization of pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 56 patients were treated in the dose-escalation part of the study, seven of whom experienced dose-limiting toxicities. Across all dose levels, cytokine release syndrome was the most common treatment-related adverse event. WVT078 monotherapy showed an overall response rate (ORR) of 27.3% and a complete response rate (CRR) of 12.1%. WVT078 combined with WHG626 demonstrated an ORR of 47.8% and a CRR of 21.7%. RDs were not declared, and dose expansion was not initiated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>WVT078 administered with and without WHG626 showed a manageable safety profile. Preliminary activity was observed in patients with r/r MM. The addition of WHG626 numerically improved response over WVT078 monotherapy. Findings from this study support further evaluation of WHG626 as a combination partner of BCMA-targeting agents for r/r MM treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance analysis of two-gene methylation in urothelial carcinoma based on small-volume urine sample","authors":"Zhiming Wu PhD,&nbsp;Lin Cao MD,&nbsp;Jiamin Zeng MD,&nbsp;Weici Feng MD,&nbsp;Qianghua Zhou PhD,&nbsp;Xinpei Deng PhD,&nbsp;Liang Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Xingliang Tan PhD,&nbsp;Yanjun Wang PhD,&nbsp;Jiazheng Cao PhD,&nbsp;Yu Xie PhD,&nbsp;Abai Xu PhD,&nbsp;Kai Yao PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70373","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early detection of urothelial carcinoma (UCa) remains challenging because of the limitations of current diagnostic methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel, urine-based H4C6/TWIST1 methylation assay for its diagnostic accuracy in UCa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a prospective, multicenter study, 743 urine samples (387 patients with UCa and 356 controls) from four hospitals were analyzed. DNA was extracted from 3.5 mL of morning urine, and H4C6/TWIST1 methylation status was assessed by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Histopathology served as the reference standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assay demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with 93.02% sensitivity (95% confidence interval, 90.01%–95.35%) and 92.13% specificity (95% confidence interval, 88.83%–94.71%). The positive and negative predictive values were 92.78% and 92.39%, respectively. Performance was particularly strong for high-grade tumors (97.64%) and muscle-invasive tumors (97.50%). Diagnostic efficacy was consistent across age, sex, and tumor location, covering both lower and upper urinary tract carcinomas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>H4C6/TWIST1 methylation detection is a noninvasive, highly accurate, and consistent tool with significant clinical potential for the initial diagnosis and monitoring of UCa across all grades and stages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined prognostic impact of complex karyotype and KIT mutations refines risk stratification in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"Lin Liu MD,&nbsp;Yuanfei Shi PhD,&nbsp;Lu Wang PhD,&nbsp;Maryam Maleki Goli MD,&nbsp;Parnia Ghanad MD,&nbsp;Shuqi Zhao MD,&nbsp;Huan Xu BM,&nbsp;Dongmei Wang MD,&nbsp;Lingling Qi MD,&nbsp;Huanping Wang MD,&nbsp;Zhimei Chen BM,&nbsp;Jifang Tu MD,&nbsp;Junhao Zhou BM,&nbsp;Mengyu Li MD,&nbsp;Xiaoling Ruan BM,&nbsp;Jie Jin PhD,&nbsp;Hongyan Tong PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70370","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70370","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) is traditionally classified as favorable-risk; however, relapse occurs in 30%–50% of patients, indicating underlying heterogeneity. The prognostic impact and potential synergy of additional cytogenetic abnormalities (ACAs)—specifically complex karyotype (CK)—and <i>KIT</i> mutations remain poorly defined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of 243 adults with t(8;21) AML. CK was defined as the presence of two or more ACAs beyond t(8;21). Prognostic factors were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. An integrated risk stratification was developed based on CK and <i>KIT</i> mutation status. Minimal residual disease (MRD) was quantified via reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction for the <i>RUNX1</i>::<i>RUNX1T1</i> transcript.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CK was an independent predictor of inferior overall survival (OS), whereas <i>KIT</i> mutation predicted inferior disease-free survival (DFS) and event-free survival (EFS) (all <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Based on this integrated stratification, patients were categorized into three groups: low-risk (CK–/<i>KIT</i>–, <i>n</i> = 128), intermediate-risk (CK+ or <i>KIT</i>+, <i>n</i> = 100), and high-risk (CK+/<i>KIT</i>+, <i>n</i> = 15). The 5-year OS rates were 72.8%, 58.3%, and 41.6%, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). MRD positivity at the time of complete remission (CR) was associated with inferior relapse-free survival (RFS; <i>p</i> = .025) and showed a trend toward independent prognostic value (<i>p</i> = .068). Biologically, high-risk cases exhibited prominent <i>KIT</i> driver mutations and enrichment for stem cell maintenance pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CK and <i>KIT</i> mutations jointly identify a high-risk subgroup within t(8;21) AML. This baseline genetic stratification provides a foundation for risk-adapted therapy, with MRD assessment at CR offering complementary prognostic information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial factors and the risk of cancer: An individual-participant data meta-analysis","authors":"Lonneke A. van Tuijl PhD,&nbsp;Kuan-Yu Pan PhD,&nbsp;Maartje Basten PhD,&nbsp;Roel Vermeulen PhD,&nbsp;Lützen Portengen PhD,&nbsp;Alexander de Graeff MD, PhD,&nbsp;Joost Dekker PhD,&nbsp;Mirjam I. Geerlings PhD,&nbsp;Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn PhD,&nbsp;Femke Lamers PhD,&nbsp;Adri C. Voogd PhD,&nbsp;Jessica Abell PhD,&nbsp;Philip Awadalla PhD,&nbsp;Aartjan T. F. Beekman PhD,&nbsp;Ottar Bjerkeset PhD,&nbsp;Andy Boyd BA,&nbsp;Yunsong Cui MSc,&nbsp;Philipp Frank MSc,&nbsp;Henrike Galenkamp PhD,&nbsp;Bert Garssen PhD,&nbsp;Sean Hellingman MSc,&nbsp;Martijn Huisman PhD,&nbsp;Anke Huss PhD,&nbsp;Trynke R. de Jong PhD,&nbsp;Melanie R. Keats PhD,&nbsp;Almar A. L. Kok PhD,&nbsp;Steinar Krokstad PhD,&nbsp;Flora E. van Leeuwen PhD,&nbsp;Annemarie I. Luik PhD,&nbsp;Nolwenn Noisel PhD,&nbsp;Yves Payette MSc,&nbsp;Brenda W. J. H. Penninx PhD,&nbsp;Ina Rissanen MD, PhD,&nbsp;Annelieke M. Roest PhD,&nbsp;Rikje Ruiter MD, PhD,&nbsp;Robert A. Schoevers MD, PhD,&nbsp;David Soave PhD,&nbsp;Mandy Spaan PhD,&nbsp;Andrew Steptoe DSc,&nbsp;Karien Stronks PhD,&nbsp;Erik R. Sund PhD,&nbsp;Ellen Sweeney PhD,&nbsp;Emma L. Twait MSc,&nbsp;Alison Teyhan PhD,&nbsp;W. M. Monique Verschuren PhD,&nbsp;Kimberly D. van der Willik PhD,&nbsp;Judith G. M. Rosmalen PhD,&nbsp;Adelita V. Ranchor PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychosocial factors are argued to increase cancer risk. This study aims to clarify the association between various psychosocial factors and cancer incidence (including breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers) via individual-participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. The psychosocial factors considered were perceived social support (PSS), loss, relationship status, neuroticism, and general distress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Psychosocial Factors and Cancer Incidence consortium used data from 22 cohorts with a measure of at least one psychosocial variable of interest at baseline (up to <i>N</i> = 421,799; cancer incidence, <i>N</i> = 35,319; person-years of follow-up, <i>N</i> = 4,378,582). In stage 1 of the IPD meta-analysis, Cox regression models were used with age as the timescale. In stage 2, results were pooled in random-effects meta-analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No psychosocial factors were associated with an increased risk of overall cancer and with breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers, as well as with cancers with alcohol as a common potential causal factor. PSS, currently not in a relationship, and a loss event were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09–1.55). Estimates decreased for PSS and relationship status when adjusting for several known risk factors, such as a family history of cancer (HR, 1.05–1.08). Similar findings were observed for relationship status and cancers with tobacco smoking as a common potential causal factor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For most types of cancer, psychosocial factors (measured at a single point in time) were not associated with increased risk. PSS, currently not in a relationship, and loss were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, although most effects attenuated when adjusting for several known risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone for patients with treatment-naive peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 1b trial","authors":"Yan Gao MD,&nbsp;Ming Jiang PhD,&nbsp;Xuanye Zhang MD,&nbsp;Lihong Liu MD,&nbsp;Liling Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Yufu Li PhD,&nbsp;Xin Wang PhD,&nbsp;Xiaojing Yan MD,&nbsp;Hui Zhou PhD,&nbsp;Huiqiang Huang MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70360","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70360","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas. Most subtypes are generally associated with a poor prognosis when treated with standard chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study enrolled patients with untreated PTCL who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome (Lipo-MIT) plus cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CMOP) every 4 weeks for six cycles. The study consisted of a 3 + 3 dose-escalation phase (Lipo-MIT at 12, 15, 18, and 21 mg/m²) and a specific dose-expansion phase (Lipo-MIT at the recommended phase 2 dose [RP2D]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between December 21, 2020, and November 17, 2022, 38 patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities were reported, and the RP2D was established at 18 mg/m². Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 33 (86.8%) patients, with the most common being neutrophil count decrease (76.3%) and white-cell count decrease (73.7%). No treatment-related deaths occurred. Among the 35 response-evaluable patients, the independent review committee-assessed complete response rate (CRR) was 54.3% (95% CI, 36.6%–71.2%), and the overall response rate (ORR) was 88.6% (95% CI, 73.3%–96.8%). For the 17 patients treated at RP2D, the CRR, ORR, median duration of CR, and median duration of response were 64.7% (95% CI, 38.3%–85.8%), 94.1% (95% CI, 71.3%–99.9%), 28.0 (95% CI, 9.8–46.3) months, and 28.0 (95% CI, 4.0–52.1) months, respectively. At a median follow-up of 23.8 months, the median progression-free survival was 20.8 (95% CI, 6.1–35.5) months, and the median overall survival was not reached. Lipo-MIT exhibited a favorable pharmacokinetics (PK) profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CMOP regimen demonstrates a favorable PK profile, a manageable safety profile, and encouraging preliminary antitumor activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASTRO guideline addresses radiation therapy in patients with gastric cancer","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70300","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70300","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) recently published its first clinical guideline focused on the use of radiation therapy in patients with gastric cancer.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The guideline includes recommendations related to the integration of radiation therapy with systemic therapy, appropriate patient selection, and its role in the multidisciplinary care of patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The role of radiation therapy for gastric cancer has been evolving because multiple, recent randomized trials have challenged previous paradigms,” says Jennifer Y. Wo, MD, an associate professor of radiation oncology at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. “More recent studies suggested a diminished role of radiation therapy, and this guideline highlights that data and puts it into a framework.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Among the recent developments in the treatment of gastric cancer was the establishment of the FLOT regimen (i.e., 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel), first alone and later in combination with durvalumab, as a potentially curative perioperative chemotherapy.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2, 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Based on these findings, the guideline’s authors recommended surgery and perioperative chemotherapy for patients with resectable disease. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is recommended for those patients who are not candidates for perioperative chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Studies have shown, in essence, the superiority of these new regimens to the older regimens that included radiation,” Dr Wo says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy also could be used in those patients with borderline resectable tumors, according to the guideline. The authors also gave a conditional recommendation for postoperative chemoradiation in patients who are not candidates for perioperative or postoperative chemotherapy or for whom suboptimal resection occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For patients who are not surgical candidates, definitive radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy is recommended. Additionally, this combination can be considered in patients with unresectable recurrent gastric cancer if the recurrence is localized and if no prior radiation therapy was given.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Radiation therapy also still plays a role for patients who cannot tolerate chemotherapy or who are not surgical candidates,” Dr Wo says. “That would include definitive radiation in patients with unresectable disease either because it is medically unresectable, or in an aging population, among those who are not good surgical candidates or opt not to pursue surgery.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The other common scenario for the use of radiation therapy is in the palliation setting,” Dr Wo says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The guideline strongly recommends radiation therapy to provide relief from bleeding and pain and conditionally recommends its use for relief from obstruction or other symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the guideline includes a conditional recommendation for the use of radiation therapy as a metastasis-directed therapy in patients with de nov","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced induction dose of daunorubicin is a potential standard for pediatric patients with ALL","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70301","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 50% reduction of the induction dose of daunorubicin—from four once-weekly doses to two once-weekly doses—did not compromise treatment outcomes for pediatric patients with favorable-prognosis B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to the results of the phase 3 AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009 trial.</p><p>“Daunorubicin is an older, conventional chemotherapy in a class of medications called anthracyclines,” explains Melissa A. Burns, MD, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. “[Anthracyclines] are some of the more toxic medicines used, particularly in the induction phase of ALL treatment, and have both short- and long-term side effects.”</p><p>In AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009, Hanna Gottschalk, MD, of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein in Kiel, Germany, and her colleagues enrolled 6136 patients with low-risk ALL to clarify the need for anthracyclines. Eligible patients had no high-risk criteria on Day 15, were positive for <i>ETV6::RUNX1</i>, or had a blast cell count of &lt;0.1% in bone marrow on Day 15 by flow cytometry. All patients received two doses of daunorubicin as part of a four-drug therapy and then were randomly assigned to receive two additional doses of daunorubicin (<i>n</i> = 1040) or no further daunorubicin (<i>n</i> = 1039) during induction.<span>¹</span></p><p>With a median observation time of almost 9 years, patients in the experimental arm and the control arm had similar rates of 5-year event-free survival (92.5% vs. 92.2%), cumulative incidence of relapse (5.8% vs. 5.7%), and overall survival (97.6% vs. 97.4%).</p><p>“One of the biggest worries about these medicines are some of the short-term effects, mostly really serious infections,” says Dr Burns. “This study showed a significant reduction in fungal infections, which is very important. These serious fungal infections often lead to further delays in treatment, which can impact outcomes for patients.”</p><p>Specifically, there was a trend toward more infection-related adverse reactions in the control arm compared with the reduced-dose arm (3.1% vs. 1.9%). In contrast, the rate of invasive fungal infections was 3 times lower in the reduced-dose arm compared with the control arm (0.5% vs. 1.5%; <i>p</i> = .02).</p><p>“The results are enough to say that in patients with favorable characteristics, the reduced dose of daunorubicin during induction could be considered a standard,” says Dr Burns. However, she notes that it may be hard to apply these findings to the many different ALL protocols run by different groups.</p><p>Dr Burns notes that this regimen is not the standard commonly used in the United States for ALL but remains one of the standard treatment regimens in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}