Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Efficacy and safety of frail patients treated with ciltacabtagene autoleucel in the real world: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research analysis”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70667","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70667","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mian H, Faisal MS, Chen T, et al. Efficacy and safety of frail patients treated with ciltacabtagene autoleucel in the real world: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research analysis. <i>Cancer</i>. 2026;e70614. doi:10.1002/cncr.70614</p><p>In the author byline, the suffix “Jr.” was mistakenly omitted from Dr. Anderson’s name. His name should read “Larry D. Anderson, Jr.”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149339986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bispecific antibodies targeting B-cell maturation antigen in multiple myeloma: Current clinical applications, challenges and future directions","authors":"Enrica Manzato MD,&nbsp;Gloria Cocchetto MD,&nbsp;Simona Barbato PhD,&nbsp;Michele Puppi MD,&nbsp;Simone Masci MD,&nbsp;Elena Zamagni MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70641","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anti-B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) therapies, including antibody-drug conjugates, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), have recently revolutionized the treatment landscape of multiple myeloma. This review outlines the biologic rationale for targeting BCMA and sheds light on the mechanism of action of bsAbs and the main reasons behind loss of response and treatment resistance. Moreover, available safety and efficacy information on approved agents (i.e., teclistamab, elranatamab, and linvoseltamab) are described, focusing on the most relevant treatment-related toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytopenias, and infections, and established approaches for their monitoring and management. Furthermore, available data on active trials evaluating the use of bsAbs in combination with other agents and/or in earlier lines of therapy are discussed, as well as emerging data on novel anti-BCMA bsAbs in clinical development, such as etentamig. Finally, the use of bsAbs beyond multiple myeloma has been explored by reviewing clinical trials and real-world experiences in other monoclonal gammopathies (e.g., smoldering multiple myeloma and light-chain amyloidosis) or other conditions, such as autoimmune diseases. Overall, the objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview on the role of BCMA-targeting bsAbs while discussing future developments in this field, including their use across different settings and combinations strategies, as well as the ongoing efforts to improve safety and tolerability through the implementation of specific guidelines for toxicity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149311519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel therapies create potential new options for patients with advanced breast cancer","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70619","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70619","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The promising results of several clinical trials presented at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting continue to expand treatment options for patients diagnosed with advanced breast cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;At the meeting, Kevin Kalinsky, MD, a professor and director in the Division of Medical Oncology of the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia, presented additional results from the phase 3 ASCENT-04 trial comparing sacituzumab govitecan (SG) plus pembrolizumab with chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab in patients with previously untreated PD-L1–positive metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Previously published results had shown that the combination of antibody–drug conjugate SG and pembrolizumab significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced PD-L1–positive TNBC in comparison with chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab (hazard ratio [HR] for disease progression or death, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.51–0.84; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr Kalinsky reported results from an analysis of PFS after the next line of treatment (PFS2). In the trial, patients assigned to chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab who had progressive disease could cross over to receive second-line or later-line SG—provided as part of the trial—or other subsequent therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The researchers received a lot of praise for the fact that the trial provided second-line SG,” says Ruth O’Regan, MD, executive vice dean, chief academic officer, and Charles A. Dewey Professor at the UR School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Rochester Medicine in New York. “Many other trials don’t do that, and it muddies the water in terms of the overall survival analysis.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients initially assigned to chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab received second-line SG (77%) or third-line SG (3%). Among the patients assigned to SG plus pembrolizumab, the most common second-line therapy was chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;PFS2 was significantly longer for patients assigned SG plus pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab despite a high rate of crossover. Patients receiving SG plus pembrolizumab experienced a 33% reduction in the risk of a PFS2 event (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48–0.95).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These results suggest that “participants receiving front-line SG plus pembrolizumab experience longer initial disease control and a delayed need for the initiation of subsequent therapy,” Dr Kalinsky said during his presentation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr O’Regan agrees and points out that although overall survival (OS) data from the trial are not yet available, PFS2 serves as a kind of surrogate for OS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“These results suggest that there could potentially be a survival advantage with SG plus pembrolizumab in the first-line, rather than saving it for use in the second-line,” she says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In June, the US Food and Drug Administration approved SG in co","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70619","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAR T-cell data indicate durable disease control, potential cure","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70618","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70618","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Asingle infusion of tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) led to durable responses in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) according to a 10-year follow-up study of CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; A decade-long remission was observed in approximately one third of the patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) and in almost one half of the patients with follicular lymphoma (FL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“These 10-year data provide compelling evidence that a single infusion of CD19-directed CAR T cells can achieve exceptionally durable disease control and potentially cure a subset of patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma who were previously considered incurable,” says Narendranath Epperla, MD, an associate professor in the Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies at the University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute in Salt Lake City.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study, led by Marco Ruella, MD, a physician–scientist and associate professor of medicine at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, evaluated the long-term outcomes of 38 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL who had been treated with tisa-cel and had been followed for a median of 10.1 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to Dr Epperla, this type of long-term evaluation is essential for establishing durable clinical paradigms, refining patient selection, and informing long-term survivorship care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“In oncology, short- or intermediate-term progression-free survival does not necessarily indicate disease eradication. Conventional chemoimmunotherapy can be associated with continuous late relapses, particularly in indolent malignancies such as FL,” Dr Epperla explains. “Longitudinal follow-up is therefore critical for determining whether CAR T-cell survival curves ultimately reach a durable plateau, providing evidence for the possibility of a functional cure. Defining the time point beyond which disease recurrence becomes uncommon would enable clinicians to provide more precise long-term prognostic counseling.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Among the 38 patients evaluated, no relapses occurred 5.4 years after infusion; among patients with FL, no relapses occurred after 2.7 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The 10-year lymphoma-free survival rate was 38% among all patients, 32% among those with LBCL, and 47% among those with FL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;When death from any cause was incorporated into the analysis, the 10-year progression-free survival rate was 17% for LBCL and 29% for FL. The 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 17% and 50% for LBCL and FL, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The discrepancy between lymphoma-free survival and OS in LBCL highlights the substantial influence of competing non-lymphoma mortality in a heavily pretreated population,” Dr Epperla says. “Among patients who achieved durable lymphoma control, late deaths were attributable to causes unrelated to lymphoma, including second primary malignancies, cardiovascular events, and infectious complications such as C","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telehealth tobacco cessation doubles quit rates in patients with cancer","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70617","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Patients newly diagnosed with cancer in community oncology settings had double the rate of 6-month smoking abstinence with the use of sustained telehealth tobacco cessation counseling plus free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in comparison with patients referred to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) quit line according to the results of a recently published study.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The randomized controlled trial EAQ171CD, led by ECOG–ACRIN, was designed to build on the findings of Smokefree Support Study 1.0, which demonstrated similar efficacy of virtual sustained treatment (VST) for tobacco cessation among patients diagnosed with cancer at two academic cancer care settings.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elyse R. Park, PhD, MPH, a professor of psychiatry and medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, and her colleagues conducted the study from August 2019 to December 2022. The study included 306 English- and Spanish-speaking patients enrolled at 37 NCI Community Oncology Research Program community sites. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either VST, which consisted of up to 11 telehealth counseling sessions and up to 12 weeks of free NRT, or enhanced usual care (EUC), which consisted of referral to the NCI quit line.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients included in the study were White (86.3%), were female (70.9%), and smoked within 30 min of waking (73.2%)—a marker oaf higher dependence on tobacco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The 7-day patient-reported point prevalence abstinence rate at 6 months was 28.4% for patients assigned to VST and 14.7% for patients assigned to EUC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“There is unequivocal data that the best quit rates are driven by counseling and medications,” says Benjamin A. Toll, PhD, chief of Tobacco Cessation and Health Behaviors at the Hollings Cancer Center and director of the Tobacco Treatment Program at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston. “The median age of these patients was 57, an older group that has likely been smoking for several decades; a quit rate that is doubled with virtual care is quite impactful for this group of longer-term patients who smoke.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients (80.8%) assigned to the intervention engaged in counseling and were dispensed NRT. Those patients who participated in more than eight counseling sessions were significantly more likely to quit than those who participated in fewer than five sessions (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .005).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“This is just the type of translation study that we should be doing to improve the overall health of cancer patients,” Dr Toll says. “Many people in my personal and professional life ask, ‘Ben, quitting smoking for cancer patients? Hasn’t that bell already rung?’ and the answer is ‘no!’ We need to be pushing tobacco cessation for multiple reasons, including that it cuts down on future cancer risk, improves the patient’s overall health, and improves the efficacy of cancer treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposomal irinotecan and capecitabine plus bevacizumab as second-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: A multicenter, single-arm study","authors":"Dan Su MSc,&nbsp;Changzheng Li BS,&nbsp;Tongsen Zheng MD,&nbsp;Jiebing Tang MD,&nbsp;Guangyu Wang MD,&nbsp;Huiting Xu MD,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wang MD,&nbsp;Zhengwen Cai MSc,&nbsp;Chao Liu MD,&nbsp;Yanqiao Zhang MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70671","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70671","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liposomal irinotecan, characterized by its favorable pharmacologic properties and reduced systemic toxicity compared to irinotecan, has demonstrated superior therapeutic potential. This multicenter, single-arm study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liposomal irinotecan, capecitabine, and bevacizumab as a second-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with histologically confirmed mCRC who had progressed following first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The treatment regimen was liposomal irinotecan (70 mg/m², d1), capecitabine (1000 mg/m², twice daily, d1-10), and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg, d1). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, overall survival, and safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between March 2024 and July 2024, 63 patients were enrolled, with a median age of 60.0 years (range: 37.0-79.0). Among the patients who received at least one tumor assessment, the objective response rate and disease control rate were 22.9% (11/48; 95% CI, 12.0-37.3) and 89.6% (43/48; 95% CI, 77.3-96.5), respectively. With a median follow-up of 16.2 months (range: 0.5-28.5), the median progression-free survival was 8.1 months (95% CI, 7.3-8.9), and the median overall survival was 19.5 months (95% CI, 15.2-23.8). The most common grade 3 to 4 adverse events were diarrhea (12.7%), neutropenia (11.1%), and fatigue (6.3%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of liposomal irinotecan, capecitabine, and bevacizumab demonstrated promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with mCRC who had failed first-line oxaliplatin-based therapy. These results suggested that this regimen is a clinically feasible second-line treatment option for mCRC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision regret following rapid genetic testing at the time of breast cancer diagnosis","authors":"Ling-Fang Hsu RN,&nbsp;Andrea Eisen MD,&nbsp;Aletta Poll MSc,&nbsp;David W. Lim MDCM MEd PhD,&nbsp;Frances C. Wright MD MEd,&nbsp;Renee Hanrahan MD,&nbsp;Alana Hosein MD,&nbsp;Tuya Pal MD,&nbsp;Steven Narod MD,&nbsp;Kelly Metcalfe RN PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70663","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70663","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic testing is increasingly being offered at the time of breast cancer diagnosis to help women guide their treatment decisions. The objective of the current study was to measure decision regret 1 year after genetic testing and to evaluate the factors associated with regret.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women from across Canada were referred to receive rapid genetic testing for breast cancer predisposition genes at the time of breast cancer diagnosis (<i>BRCA1, BRCA2, CDH1, PALB2, PTEN, STK11, TP53, ATM,</i> and <i>CHEK2)</i>. Questionnaires were completed prior to testing and 1-week and 1-year postgenetic testing. Decision regret was measured at one-year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 871 women participated and the mean age at diagnosis was 46.0 years (range 19–70 years), and 522 (59.9%) of the women were White. Pathogenic variants were found in 83 women (9.5%). The mean score for decision regret was 7.86 (SD 14.17), with 802 women (92.1%) having no regret and 69 participants (7.9%) having regret. Women from racialized groups were more likely to regret their decision compared to White women (13.4% vs 4.4%; <i>p</i> &lt; .001). Those with a <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> pathogenic variant were significantly more likely to have regret compared to those with a negative result (<i>p</i> = .03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A minority of women who have rapid genetic testing at the time of breast cancer diagnosis later regret their decision. Women at greater risk of having decision regret included those who received a positive <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> genetic test, and those from racialized groups. Follow-up counseling may be warranted for those who experience decision regret.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13723761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter, prospective, phase 2 trial on proton re-irradiation for patients with previously treated head and neck cancer","authors":"Edward Christopher Dee MD,&nbsp;Christopher A. Barker MD,&nbsp;Noah S. Kalman MD,&nbsp;Yingzhi Wu MSN,&nbsp;Charlie White MS,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Haibo Lin PhD,&nbsp;Daphna Y. Gelblum MD,&nbsp;Yao Yu MD,&nbsp;Jung Julie Kang MD, PhD,&nbsp;C. Jillian Tsai MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kaveh Zakeri MD,&nbsp;Linda Chen MD,&nbsp;Sean M. McBride MD, MPH,&nbsp;Achraf Shamseddine MD, PhD,&nbsp;Loren S. Michel MD,&nbsp;Lara A. Dunn MD,&nbsp;Alan L. Ho MD, PhD,&nbsp;Marc A. Cohen MD, MPH,&nbsp;Ian Ganly MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Cracchiolo MD,&nbsp;Richard J. Wong MD,&nbsp;Paul B. Romesser MD,&nbsp;Nadeem Riaz MD, MSc,&nbsp;Eric J. Sherman MD,&nbsp;Nancy Y. Lee MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70643","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70643","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Re-irradiation (re-RT) for recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) can be potentially curative but is constrained by significant toxicity. Proton therapy may improve the therapeutic ratio. This multicenter phase 2 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of proton re-RT in patients with HNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients received prior HNC radiotherapy at a dose of ≥40 gray (Gy). Salvage surgery and/or systemic therapy before re-RT were permitted. Considering clinical status, two pragmatic treatment approaches were used: fractionated re-RT (F-Re-RT; 60–70 Gy) or QUAD shot re-RT (QS-Re-RT; 14.8 Gy per cycle, up to four cycles; maximum total, 59.2 Gy). Primary end points were locoregional recurrence–free rates at 12 months for F-Re-RT and at 6 months for QS-Re-RT, and a fixed-time, binary proportion analyzed using 90% Clopper–Pearson confidence intervals (CIs) and prespecified success thresholds (lower bound, &gt;55% and &gt;10%, respectively). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, the cumulative incidence of distant metastasis and locoregional recurrence, clinician-reported toxicity, and patient-reported outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From July 2017 to November 2022, 85 patients received either F-Re-RT (<i>n</i> = 57) or QS-Re-RT (<i>n</i> = 28), with a median follow-up of 38 months. The locoregional recurrence–free rates were 71% (90% CI, 59%–81%) at 12 months for F-Re-RT and 76% (90% CI, 58%–89%) at 6 months for QS-Re-RT, surpassing prespecified success thresholds. The highest late toxicity attributable to re-RT was grade 3 in 20% of patients, grade 4 in 11%, and grade 5 in 4%. The 5-year OS rate was 29%, and the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 23%. Patient-reported outcomes were stable at 1 year after F-Re-RT and after QS-Re-RT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proton re-RT demonstrated encouraging locoregional control and survival in heavily pretreated patients, although late toxicities remain important concerns (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03217188).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eltrombopag during induction chemotherapy in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia is safe and reduces platelet transfusion requirements: The EPAG-2015 French Innovative Leukemia Organization phase 2 randomized trial","authors":"Arnaud Pigneux MD, PhD,&nbsp;Pierre-Yves Dumas MD, PhD,&nbsp;Marc Bernard MD,&nbsp;Norbert Vey MD,&nbsp;Audrey Bidet PharmD,&nbsp;Ariane Mineur MSc,&nbsp;Aline Schmidt MD, PhD,&nbsp;Martin Carré MD,&nbsp;Mario Ojeda MD,&nbsp;Sarah Bertoli MD, PhD,&nbsp;Anne Banos MD,&nbsp;Pierre Peterlin MD,&nbsp;Romain Guièze MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yohan Desbrosses MD,&nbsp;Gabrielle Roth Guepin MD,&nbsp;Célestine Simand MD,&nbsp;Thibaut Leguay MD,&nbsp;Emmanuel Gyan MD, PhD,&nbsp;Eric Jourdan MD,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Vial MD,&nbsp;Tony Marchand MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yosr Hicheri MD,&nbsp;Marie C. Béné PharmSciD, PhD,&nbsp;Jean Francois Hamel MD,&nbsp;Christian Récher MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70669","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70669","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with intensive chemotherapy are at risk of developing thrombopenia, which requires platelet transfusions. It would be interesting to provide them with thrombopoietin receptor agonists such as eltrombopag.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EPAG-2015 multicenter phase 2 trial (18 French hospitals from October 2018 to June 2021) blindly randomized elderly patients (aged ≥60 years) with placebo or eltrombopag administered on Day 11 after induction chemotherapy and continued until AML response evaluation (Day 45) or a platelet count of &gt;100 × 10⁹/L. A cohort of 110 patients with a median age of 70 years was included and randomized (55 per arm) to receive placebo or eltrombopag.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After induction, 90 patients (81.8%) achieved complete response (CR) or CR with incomplete reconstitution (CRi) (45 in each group), including 74 patients with CR (38 with eltrombopag and 36 with placebo). With a median follow-up for alive patients of 20.9 months the primary objective was not reached, given that there was no difference in overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.59; 95% CI, 0.65–3.89; <i>p</i> = .31). Eltrombopag, however, did not lead to increased grade 3/4 adverse events, and was associated with a lower median number of platelet transfusions (eight; interquartile range [IQR], 6–14; vs. 10; IQR, 7–14; i.e., a 20% benefit).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study failed to demonstrate a survival advantage after eltrombopag addition, at variance with previous reports, but shows that initiating eltrombopag after chemotherapy washout is feasible and safe, and resulted in a decreased need for platelet transfusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13722882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving role of perioperative systemic therapy in bladder cancer","authors":"Saad O. Atiq MD,&nbsp;Jonathan F. Anker MD, PhD,&nbsp;Eric J. Miller MD,&nbsp;Alexander B. Karol MD,&nbsp;Reza Mehrazin MD,&nbsp;John P. Sfakianos MD,&nbsp;Matthew D. Galsky MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70629","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70629","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The treatment landscape for muscle-invasive bladder cancer has recently been transformed by two key phase 3 studies of perioperative enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab. These trials have demonstrated significant improvements in event-free survival and overall survival compared with the previous standards of care, marking a new era in the management of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer that is no longer defined by cisplatin eligibility. The focus is now shifting toward the identification of additional novel therapeutic targets for further improved outcomes as well as response-guided treatment pathways seeking to optimize both cancer control and survivorship.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}