Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Acute myeloid leukemia after myeloproliferative neoplasms: Real-world outcomes in the new treatment era in the United States.","authors":"Jan Philipp Bewersdorf, Rong Wang, Lourdes Mendez, Alain Mina, Luis E Aguirre, Maximilian Stahl, Amer M Zeidan, Xiaomei Ma, Nikolai A Podoltsev","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70415","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rare complication of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) with limited treatment options and median overall survival (OS) of 3-6 months. The treatment of AML has been revolutionized in recent years with the introduction of novel targeted therapies including the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN). However, evidence regarding outcomes in patients with post-MPN AML remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To evaluate the impact of novel therapies on the outcomes of patients with post-MPN AML, the authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 392 patients who were diagnosed with post-MPN AML during 2014-2024 in the United States and were included in the Flatiron Health Research Database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the proportion of patients treated with lower-intensity therapies (LIT) including VEN in combination with hypomethylating agents increased over time, OS was very similar among patients diagnosed before and after VEN approval (median OS, 7.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.7-9.5] months vs. 7.6 [95% CI, 5.8-10.1] months; p = .39). Only 15% of post-MPN AML patients underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT). Those who received allo-HCT experienced better OS than patients who did not receive allo-HCT (median OS, 20.5 [95% CI, 15.4-36.2] months vs. 5.8 [95% CI, 5.0-6.8] months; p < .01). Although patients treated with intensive chemotherapy (IC) had longer OS than those treated with LIT (hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.12-3.41; p = .02), patients receiving IC and LIT as a bridge to allo-HCT had comparable OS (p = .37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights allo-HCT as the only potentially curative option with both IC and LIT serving as effective bridging therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 9","pages":"e70415"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigene germline testing for epithelial ovarian cancer in China.","authors":"Lei Li, Nan Song, Depu Zhang, Yi Li, Yang Rao, Chunyan Liu, Zhiwei Qiao, Jianwei Zhang, Kang Shao, Ming Wu","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large-scale studies of germline variants in hereditary cancer susceptibility genes among Chinese epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients remain limited. This study assessed the prevalence and clinical significance of germline variants in 21 genes relevant to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter prospective cohort (February 2017-December 2018), 961 unselected EOC patients underwent germline testing for 21 genes. Variant frequencies were compared with international data, and associations with clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants were identified in BRCA1 (17.79%), BRCA2 (6.35%), and other homologous recombination (HR)-related genes (2.71%). P/LP variants in non-HR-related genes were rare (0.1%). BRCA1 and BRCA1/2 P/LP variant carriers were more likely to respond to platinum-based chemotherapy (p = .002 and p < .001). Variants of uncertain significance or higher (VUS+) in HR-related genes were associated with better overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.57; p = 0.004) and progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.75; p = 0.02), with a trend more pronounced than that observed for BRCA1/2 VUS + carriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over 25% of Chinese EOC patients carry germline HR-related gene variants, which are associated with better treatment response and survival. Broad genetic testing is critical, and the prognostic value of VUS warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 9","pages":"e70395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top advances of the year: Neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Jorge I Portuondo, Matthew H G Katz","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70431","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 9","pages":"e70431"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HRSA recommends offering self-collection for cervical cancer screening.","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 9","pages":"e70369"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of interventions to increase colorectal cancer screening among populations with low screening uptake.","authors":"Florence K L Tangka, Sujha Subramanian, Sonja Hoover, Kate O'Rourke, Praveen Zirali, Alexander Preiss, Dara Schlueter, Stephanie Melillo, Sallyann Coleman King, Djenaba Joseph, Lisa C Richardson","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70436","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The decrease in colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality over the past 2 decades is largely attributed to increased screening. This progress has not been evenly distributed across populations. Individuals who seek care at federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) have low CRC screening prevalence. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and cost of interventions to increase CRC screening at FQHCs, by using fecal immunochemical tests (FIT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors evaluated changes in FIT screening uptake in eight FQHCs that participated in the Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP) before and after the multicomponent evidence-based interventions were implemented. Examples of interventions included patient reminders, provider assessment and feedback, and patient navigation. They collected the labor and nonlabor cost of implementing the interventions. Furthermore, they used a validated microsimulation model to assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of the interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All eight FQHCs showed increases in CRC screening following the implementation of the multicomponent interventions, with an average increase of 14.4 percentage points (range, 4.9-26.7) and an average intervention cost of $14.40 per person (range, $5.76-$34.70). In five of the eight FQHCs, the interventions resulted in cost savings when public payer costs were considered. In the remaining three FQHCs, the cost per life years saved ranged from $14,898 to $54,111.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multicomponent interventions to increase the use of FIT kits represent an effective and efficient strategy for increasing CRC screening uptake in FQHCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 9","pages":"e70436"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-based breast cancer screening noninferior to annual screening.","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70357"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratumoral fungal burden of Candida tropicalis as a novel prognostic biomarker for recurrence and mortality in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Sakiko Oba, Keisuke Okuno, Shuichi Watanabe, Yudai Yamamoto, Ayumi Takaoka, Marie Hanaoka, Shinichi Yamauchi, Hiroyasu Kagawa, Masanori Tokunaga, Daisuke Ban, Yusuke Kinugasa","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70408","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The crucial role of gut fungus dysbiosis in the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has recently garnered increasing attention. In this study, the potential role of Candida tropicalis, commensal gut fungi, in predicting CRC prognosis was investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 304 frozen surgical cancer tissue specimens were obtained from patients with CRC and evaluated the intratumoral C. tropicalis burden using quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Mycobial composition and diversity analyses were performed by analyzing publicly available metagenomic datasets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metagenomic dataset analysis revealed significant differences in fungal composition and diversity of Candida species among adjacent normal and CRC tissues. The 5-year recurrence-free survival and disease-specific survival rates were significantly worse in patients with a high intratumoral C. tropicalis burden than in those with a low burden (78.0% vs. 86.6%; p = .03 and 88.9% vs. 98.0%; p < .01, respectively). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that increased intratumoral C. tropicalis burden was a significant independent predictor for recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.92; 95% CI, 1.08-3.44; p = .03) and disease-specific survival (HR: 4.29; 95% CI, 1.36-13.5; p = .03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results have demonstrated, possibly for the first time, the potential of intratumoral C. tropicalis burden as a novel prognostic biomarker for recurrence and mortality in patients with CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70408"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"The effect of common medications on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70423","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on chemoradiotherapy in IDH wild-type/TERT-mutant grade 2/3 gliomas.","authors":"Sushma Narsing Katkuri, Varshini Vadhithala, Sachin Kumar, Sushma Verma, Jeffrin Reneus Paul","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70358","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70358"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health care discrimination and self-reported health in transgender, gender nonconforming, and nonbinary individuals with cancer.","authors":"Daniel Sabater Minarim, Kaitlyn Lew, Suraj Rajan, Kylie M Morgan, Sakshith Reddy Chintala, Jennifer T Anger, Carol Y Ochoa-Dominguez, Matthew P Banegas, Brent S Rose, Paul Riviere","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70409","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited information about care experiences and health outcomes among transgender, gender-nonconforming, and nonbinary (TGNCNB) individuals with cancer. This study quantifies experienced health care discrimination among TGNCNB individuals living with cancer and its impact on their health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis used data from the All of Us Research Program on individuals with cancer. The authors performed propensity score matching (1:5) to balance TGNCNB and cisgender individuals by sociodemographic factors and cancer site. Health care discrimination and health were assessed using the Discrimination in Medical Settings Scale and the Overall Health survey. They used multivariable logistic regression models to adjust for sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 1476 participants, of which 246 (17%) identified as TGNCNB. TGNCNB participants had greater odds of reporting feeling unheard by providers (odds ratio [OR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.79-3.17), treated with less respect (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.91-3.57), receiving poorer service (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.73-3.31), and providers acting afraid (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.37-3.93) compared to their cisgender counterparts. In adjusted models, TGNCNB identity was associated with increased odds of experiencing any health care discrimination (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.81-3.25), and discrimination was associated with self-reported poor health (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 2.58-4.07).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that in the TGNCNB population, increased rates of health care discrimination are associated with poorer health outcomes, which may perpetuate medical mistrust and decrease patient-centric quality of care overall. Future research and policy efforts should identify actionable interventions to advance equitable cancer care for TGNCNB individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}