Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Reply to \"Comments on chemoradiotherapy in IDH wild-type/TERT-mutant grade 2/3 gliomas\".","authors":"Jing Zhang, Peng Wang, Yin Ren, Li Chen, Jin Feng, Fei Liu, Kaiwen Deng, Zhaoshi Bao, Xiaoguang Qiu, Yanwei Liu","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70359","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70359"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to \"Interpreting lifetime alcohol intake and colorectal cancer risk\".","authors":"Kathryn Hughes Barry, Erikka Loftfield","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70424","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70424"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing patient perspectives on enrollment in lymphoma clinical trials.","authors":"Neha Akkad, Minxing Chen, Sophia Nguyen, Alexis Romero, Lynne Nguyen, Lorna H McNeill, Loretta J Nastoupil, Jason Westin, Paolo Strati, Sairah Ahmed, Liliana Vallejo, Rebeca Yzquierdo, Amy Ayers, Christopher R Flowers, Chijioke Nze","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70377","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical trials drive advances in lymphoma care, yet certain patient groups including socioeconomically disadvantaged, racial/ethnic groups, and women remain underrepresented. Given limited/inconsistent data regarding solutions to improve clinical trial enrollment of these groups, the authors performed a study to assess patient perspectives on barriers to enrollment and define priorities for future interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients completed surveys developed to assess patient-level factors, barriers to opportunity, attitudes toward participation, and perspectives on interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 301 participants, non-Hispanic White (NHW) and patients with an income >$100 k/year reported better understanding of clinical trials compared to Hispanic (H) patients and patients with an income <$50 k/year (NHW: 58% vs. H: 40%, p = .015; >$100 k/year: 59.8% vs. <$50 k/year: 38.8%, p = .012). Compared to NHW, H and African American (AA) patients reported more concern regarding visit frequency (NHW: 10%; H: 27%; AA: 23%, p = .005), travel distance (NHW: 14%; H: 34%, p = .010; AA: 31%, p = .013), taking time off work (NHW: 9%; H: 23% p = <.001; AA: 18%, p = .006) and study complexity (NHW: 6%; H: 20%, p = .008; AA: 22%, p = .001). Compared to male patients, female patients more commonly noted that having childcare services (male: 11%, female: 23%, p = .004), flexible appointment times (male: 43%, female: 62%, p = .015), and housing closer to the clinic/hospital (male: 44%, female: 55%, p = .016) as helpful interventions to improve trial participation. Regardless of group, 71% of patients noted that insurance/financial support would be the most helpful facilitator of clinical trial enrollment, and 88% reported their physician's advice would most influence their decision to participate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data from this study suggest which specific strategies should be prioritized in future implementation studies to improve enrollment in lymphoma clinical trials and achieve disease population representation.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing front line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A French real-world study.","authors":"Arthur Coste, Nanthara Sritharan, Anne Lok, Cécile Tomowiak, Emmanuelle Ferrant, Aline Clavert, Damien Roos-Weil, Florian Bouclet, Adrien Caillet, Carolyne Croizier, Nicolas Stocker, Emmanuelle Tchernonog, Pierre Feugier, Alberto Santagostino, Bénédicte Hivert, Anne-Sophie Michallet, Sophie De Guibert, Diane Lara, Agathe Waultier-Rascalou, Fatiha Merabet, Amandine Durand, Lucile Bussot, Kamel Laribi, Marie-Sarah Dilhuydy, Vincent Lévy, Anne Quinquenel","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70406","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Real-world data are an essential complement to clinical trials. This is particularly true for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, where five first-line options have never been directly compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors present the results of a national multicenter real-world study focusing on treatment choices in frontline chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and the criteria underlying this choice. Patients' medical records were included over a 6-month period in 25 centers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patients received obinutuzumab and venetoclax, especially those with mutated IGHV status. Patients harboring TP53 alterations were almost all treated with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors, with a preference for zanubrutinib. Patients initiated on continuous Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) regimens were significantly older; second-generation BTKi, acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib were mostly prescribed. The most cited choice criteria by physicians were genetic prognostic factors, followed by fixed treatment duration and patient logistics considerations. Multiple correspondence analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis allowed to identify two distinct patient profiles: younger patients, mostly with mutated IGHV status, who were mainly treated with combined drug regimens due to their fixed duration, and older patients, largely treated with BTKi because of the possibility of outpatient management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to report real-world evidence on treatment choice in first-line CLL and highlight two distinct groups of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70406"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13082195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective response rate predicts survival in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint blockade but not with targeted therapy: A retrospective multicenter study.","authors":"Takahiro Inoue, Michihisa Kono, Takumi Kumai, Kazufumi Obata, Satoshi Kano, Akira Ohkoshi, Akito Kakiuchi, Jun Taguchi, Ai Tagawa, Daisuke Matsushita, Jun Miyaguchi, Tentaro Endo, Ryo Ishii, Kazue Ito, Eiichi Ishida, Takahiro Suzuki, Naoto Araki, Tomoki Kawase, Kenichi Takano, Miki Takahara","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It remains unknown whether the treatment response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or cetuximab-based chemotherapy (the EXTREME regimen) reflects the survival of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). A retrospective multicenter study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between objective treatment response and survival in patients with R/M HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen university hospitals and cancer centers participated in this study. The clinical course of patients with R/M HNSCC treated with ICIs or the EXTREME regimen as first-line treatment was retrospectively investigated. The outcomes of interest were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition to objective responses, adverse events were evaluated for each treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 751 patients with R/M HNSCC were included in this retrospective study. The best response to first-line treatment was significantly associated with improved prognosis only in ICI-based therapy, not in cetuximab-based targeted therapy. ICI responders had longer PFS and OS than EXTREME responders. The median PFS was 22.9 months and the median OS was not reached in ICI responders, whereas the median PFS and OS in EXTREME responders were 5.0 and 16.9 months, respectively. In contrast, EXTREME nonresponders had longer OS than ICI nonresponders. The median OS was 11.9 and 13.0 months in ICI and EXTREME nonresponders, respectively. Immune-related adverse events were also associated with prognosis in patients treated with ICIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the prognostic significance of achieving an objective response with first-line ICI-based, not cetuximab-based, treatment in R/M HNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70429"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory biomarkers have a prognostic role in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with Lutetium-177-PSMA-617.","authors":"Margo B Gerke, Angelo Marra, Yuan Liu, Akshay Bedmutha, Jacqueline T Brown, Bassel Nazha, Jacob E Berchuck, Ravi Bharat Parikh, Shahid Ahmed, Jordan Alana Ciuro, Caitlin Hartman, Greta Russler McClintock, Sarah Caulfield, Omer Kucuk, Bradley Curtis Carthon, David M Schuster, Saima Muzahir, Mehmet Asim Bilen","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70410","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates baseline inflammatory biomarkers prognostic of clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with Lutetium-177 (¹⁷⁷Lu)-PSMA-617.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients treated with ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-617 at Emory Winship Cancer Institute was conducted. Baseline inflammatory markers obtained included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), and hemoglobin-to-platelet ratio (HPR). Cox proportional hazards models assessed overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and a logistic regression model assessed ≥50% decline in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) from baseline (PSA50). A prognostic biomarker composite score was generated using best-subset variable selection from a multivariate Cox model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cohort of 163 patients (median age 73; 51.6% White, 43.6% Black) with mCRPC treated with ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-617, elevated NLR, PLR, PIV, SII, and reduced HPR were independent prognostic biomarkers of shortened OS (NLR hazard ratio [HR], 2.7, p = .002; PLR HR, 2.08, p = .015, PIV HR, 2.86, p = .002, SII HR, 2.5, p = .003; and HPR HR, 0.43, p = .011). Higher NLR, PLR, and SII values were independently prognostic of shortened PFS (NLR HR, 1.82, p = .012; PLR, 1.6, p = .036; and SII HR, 1.85, p = .009). Patients with elevated HPR and hemoglobin (Hgb) had higher odds of PSA50 response (HPR: 84.8% vs. 15.2%, p = .032, median Hgb of PSA50 response: 11.5 vs. 10.7, p = .01). The biomarker composite score stratified overall survival with good discrimination (C-index = 0.732), demonstrating a reduction in mortality risk from the high-tercile group to intermediate-tercile (HR, 0.40, p = .022) and low-tercile (HR, 0.16, p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline inflammatory markers are associated with clinical outcomes for patients treated with ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-617.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase 1 study of ASTX727 plus talazoparib in patients with triple-negative or hormone resistant/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.","authors":"Kathy D Miller, Alexandra Thomas, Sandra Althouse, Yong Zang, Erin Conder, Ryan Burgos, Bryan P Schneider, Tarah Ballinger, Emily Douglas, Katherine Ansley, H Josh Jang, Woonbok Chung, Jean-Pierre Issa, Kenneth P Nephew, Feyruz V Rassool","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70407","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) is recruited to DNA damage sites along with epigenetic factors such as DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Inhibitors of DNMT modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/Protein Kinase A signaling and induce a \"BRCAness phenotype\" that further sensitizes cells to PARPi. In preclinical studies, combined DNMTi + PARPi therapy was effective in both triple-negative (TNBC) and hormone resistant (HRBC) models with intact BRCA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors conducted a phase 1 study combining the oral DNMTi ASTX727 with the PARPi talazoparib in patients with previously treated TNBC or HRBC. Patients with deleterious mutations of BRCA were excluded. A classical 3+3 design guided dose escalation/de-escalation, and 28 days constituted each cycle. Serial peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed for changes in methylation using the Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip and LINE1 sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four evaluable patients were enrolled and treated in eight dose cohorts. Myelosuppression was common with grade >3 neutropenia in 42% and grade 3 anemia and thrombocytopenia in 13%. Dose-limiting toxicity was limited to neutropenia. Efficacy was assessed in 29 patients. There were no objective responses, six patients had stable disease persisting for >4 months in three patients. LINE1 demethylation ranged from ∼2%-10% and immune-specific CpGs (methylation in immune cells) changed 1%-5% at day 15. Methylation changes were not dose-dependent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ASTX727 plus talazoparib produces significant myelosuppression without other adverse events. Modest methylation changes in PBMCs were detected. There were no objective responses, but some heavily pretreated patients had stable disease for >4 months despite the attenuated doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70407"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting lifetime alcohol intake and colorectal cancer risk.","authors":"Mirosław Tarasewicz, Marcin Kazberuk, Edyta Zbroch, Adam R Markowski","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70426","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70426"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies continue to individualize treatment strategies for patients with CLL and SLL: Trial data show that first-line pirtobrutinib significantly improves progression-free survival in patients with previously untreated chronic or small lymphocytic leukemia.","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70356"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase 2 trial of exercise and low-dose ibuprofen for cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients receiving chemotherapy.","authors":"Michelle C Janelsins, Riham A Alieldin, Tyler Holler, Hongying Sun, Po-Ju Lin, Michelle Shayne, Alissa Huston, Kassandra Doyle, Michelle Porto, Mohamedtaki Tejani, Bryan Thompson, Allison Magnuson, Marcia Krebs, Richard F Dunne, Supriya G Mohile, Chin-Shang Li, Umang Gada, Ajay Dhakal, Aram F Hezel, Marcus S Noel, Alok A Khorana, Brian D Yirinec, Nayana Kamath, David W Dougherty, Tim A Ahles, Gary R Morrow, Karen M Mustian","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interventions for cancer-related cognitive impairment are understudied, particularly during therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy reporting cognitive problems were randomized to one of four study arms for 6 weeks in this phase 2 randomized controlled trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Study arms included: Exercise for Cancer Patients©® (EXCAP)-ibuprofen, EXCAP-placebo, ibuprofen only, and placebo only. EXCAP is a home-based, low to moderate-intensity, progressive walking and resistance exercise prescription. Cognitive and biologic assessments were conducted at baseline and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six participants were randomized (mean age, 53.60; 88.37% female). Between-group analyses showed that participants in the EXCAP-placebo group demonstrated significantly better attention performance on the Trail Making Test compared to the placebo group (-21.57 seconds, p < .001; Cohen's d = -1.31; 95% CI, -2.18 to -0.44; lower times indicate better performance). The ibuprofen only group showed greater improvements than the placebo group (-11.27-second difference, p = 0.05; Cohen's d = -0.73; 95% CI, -1.57 to 0.11). Both EXCAP-ibuprofen and EXCAP-placebo participants exhibited improvements on the FACT-Cog \"comments from others\" compared to placebo (Cohen's d = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.65 and Cohen's d = 0.65; 95% CI, -0.01 to 1.31). On Rapid Visual Processing mean latency, participants in the EXCAP-placebo group had a significant improvement compared to placebo (Cohen's d = -1.10; 95% CI, -1.97 to -0.23); those receiving ibuprofen had an improvement compared to placebo, which revealed a trend after adjusting for reading score (Cohen's d = -1.04; 95% CI, -2.06 to -0.01). The ibuprofen group performed less well on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised delayed compared to those not receiving ibuprofen (Cohen's d = -0.64; 95% CI, -1.21 to -0.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exercise and low-dose ibuprofen improved some domains of cognitive function, although effects were not observed across all measures. Phase 3 trials are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 8","pages":"e70323"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}