Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Short-term TRT improved sexual function after radical prostatectomy in men with low-grade prostate cancer","authors":"Leah Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70552","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70552","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 12-week course of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in men treated with radical prostatectomy for low-grade prostate cancer and hypogonadism significantly improved sexual and physical functions according to the results of a recently published study.<span>¹</span></p><p>“TRT is a fairly controversial subject in men with prostate cancer,” says Daniel Sentana Lledo, MD, a genitourinary medical oncologist at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute’s Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology in Boston, Massachusetts. “While there is no high-level evidence suggesting it is harmful, there is the theoretical risk of promoting cancer recurrence or progression. To date, a number of indirect analyses suggest it may be safe; however, we always look forward to prospective studies for more definitive evidence.”</p><p>SPIRIT was a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial conducted at two academic centers. Shalender Bhasin, MD, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, and his colleagues conducted the trial to evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of TRT in men aged 40 years or older with organ-confined, low-grade prostate cancer. The 136 participants had undetectable prostate-specific antigen for at least 2 years after radical prostatectomy and reported low libido, erectile dysfunction, or fatigue. Participants received either TRT with testosterone cypionate (100 mg) or a placebo for 12 weeks. No biochemical recurrencess occurred in either study arm.</p><p>“We know in practice the chance of recurrence for these patients is low (approximately 5–10%), thus whether up to 3 months of TRT could significantly increase these odds cannot be truly determined in this study,” Dr Sentana Lledo says.</p><p>The primary efficacy outcome was sexual activity. Men assigned to TRT had significantly increased sexual activity in comparison with those assigned to a placebo when adjustments were made for phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor use and age (<i>p</i> &lt; .001).</p><p>Participants also reported increases in sexual desire and the prostate cancer quality-of-life sexual domain score.</p><p>Compared with placebo, TRT significantly improved body composition, loaded stair-climbing power, and peak aerobic performance.</p><p>According to Dr Sentana Lledo, “The authors duly note that there are many unknowns yet, including whether this same approach will be safe in men with higher-risk localized prostate cancer, or even in men with recurrent prostate cancer who are undergoing treatment breaks from androgen deprivation therapy. These studies are hard to conduct given widespread biases in the medical community—and certainly in the oncologic community—against TRT, but it will be important to think about how to run trials with TRT as the overall health benefits to many prostate cancer survivors may be worth the risks.”</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical management of clonal hematopoiesis","authors":"Kelly S. Chien MD,&nbsp;Guillermo Garcia-Manero MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70588","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70588","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clonal hematopoiesis, particularly clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance, is an age-related premalignant condition characterized by the expansion of hematopoietic clones carrying somatic mutations. Because of the accessibility of peripheral blood, it has been increasingly detected, even in otherwise healthy individuals. Although often asymptomatic, specific clonal hematopoiesis–associated mutations and clonal features are associated with an increased risk of progression to hematologic malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Beyond malignant transformation, clonal hematopoiesis also has systemic implications and has been linked to a variety of nonmalignant conditions, such as cardiovascular and inflammatory disease. In this review, we focus on the clinical management of clonal hematopoiesis, including approaches to diagnosis, tools for risk stratification, and strategies for surveillance and comorbidity mitigation. In the absence of consensus guidelines and approved therapies, management remains individualized, underscoring the need for continued research and clinical trials to guide evidence-based care and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148965787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top advances of the year in autologous cellular therapy in melanoma and solid tumors","authors":"Kimberly Loo MD, MS,&nbsp;Allison S. Betof MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70612","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The year 2025 marked significant advances in autologous cellular therapy for melanoma and solid tumors, building on landmark regulatory approvals in 2024. Lifileucel, the first Food and Drug Administration-approved tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy for advanced melanoma, demonstrated durable efficacy in the 5-year analysis of the C-144-01 trial, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 31.4% and prolonged responses in a heavily pretreated population. Real world data further supported its effectiveness, with higher ORR likely reflecting earlier lines of therapy and differences in patient selection. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME)-targeted T-cell receptor (TCR) T-cell therapy (anzu-cel, IMA203) showed promising activity in a phase 1 study, with ORR of approximately 50% in checkpoint inhibitor refractory melanoma, durable responses, and manageable toxicity, validating PRAME as a high value target across multiple tumor types. Next-generation engineered TIL approaches emerged to address limitations of high-dose IL-2. OBX-115, an IL-2 independent TIL platform expressing membrane-bound IL-15 regulated by acetazolamide, demonstrated early clinical activity with ORR of 67% in initial phase 1 data. Additional strategies, including <i>CRISPR</i>-mediated gene editing and checkpoint disruption, highlight a shift toward programmable, self-sustaining cellular therapies. Personalized neoantigen-based therapies advanced with early clinical validation of adoptive T-cell platforms and mRNA vaccines, demonstrating immune activation and improved recurrence-free survival in melanoma. Finally, afamitresgene autoleucel (afami-cel), a MAGE-A4 directed TCR-T therapy, showed durable efficacy in synovial sarcoma and expanding activity across solid tumors, establishing proof of concept for TCR-T approaches. Collectively, these advances position autologous cellular therapy as an evolving standard of care in melanoma and a promising modality across solid tumors, with ongoing efforts focused on improving accessibility, overcoming resistance, and optimizing combinatorial strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148965750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male survivors of childhood cancer and perceptions of sexual dysfunction risk: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study","authors":"Jenna Demedis MD, MS,&nbsp;Kayla L. Stratton MS,&nbsp;Wendy M. Leisenring ScD,&nbsp;Tara M. Brinkman PhD,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Howell PhD,&nbsp;Gregory T. Armstrong MD,&nbsp;Lillian R. Meacham MD,&nbsp;Eric J. Chow MD, MPH,&nbsp;Jordan Gilleland Marchak PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70599","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70599","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual dysfunction (SD) is an underrecognized late effect of childhood cancer. This study sought to comprehensively examine factors influencing the perceived risk of SD among male survivors of childhood cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult male survivors (<i>N</i> = 1581) from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study who were aged a median of 8 years (range, 0–20 years) at cancer diagnosis and 38 years (range, 22–60 years) at survey reported their perceptions of relative risk for SD compared to peers. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated sociodemographic, treatment, and health factors associated with perceptions of risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 29% of survivors (450 of 1581) perceived themselves at increased risk for SD. Among survivors exposed to treatments known to be associated with SD risk, increased risk was perceived by only 33%–42% of males, which varied by the specific exposure. Treatment-related risk factors (vs. no exposure) associated with increased perception included gonadotoxic chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2–2.1), genitourinary/pelvic/spinal surgery (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4–4.7), and pelvic/testicular radiation (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4–2.5). Poor mental health-related quality of life (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4–2.7) and less-than-excellent general health were associated with increased perception of SD risk. Men who perceived heightened SD risk reported oncologists (26.4%) and primary care providers (25.3%) as top sources of information about risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many male survivors do not perceive heightened risks for SD, despite a history of treatment-related risk factors. Because SD risk is multifactorial, oncology and survivorship providers should prioritize individualized education and counseling to improve survivors’ understanding of their risk on the basis of their treatment history and current health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving role of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer","authors":"Ana Carolina Veneziani MD,&nbsp;Laura Venegas MD, MSc,&nbsp;Amit M. Oza MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70581","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70581","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ovarian cancer remains a major cause of gynecologic cancer mortality; and, although immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed treatment in other solid tumors, their activity in ovarian cancer has been limited by tumor heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and the lack of robust predictive biomarkers. Recent research therefore has shifted toward combination and precision-based strategies, including dual-checkpoint blockade, integration with chemotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, as well as adoptive cell therapies, vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. To date, added benefit from checkpoint inhibition has been clearest in chemotherapy-based combinations for programmed death-ligand–positive, platinum-resistant disease, whereas its contribution to maintenance therapy with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors and/or bevacizumab in first-line or platinum-sensitive relapse appears limited. Emerging evidence also supports the role of antibody–drug conjugates as both direct cytotoxic agents and immune modulators. In parallel, biomarkers such as programmed death-ligand 1, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability high, and immune-cell infiltrates are being evaluated to improve patient selection, while artificial intelligence and machine learning are increasingly being explored to integrate clinical, pathologic, radiomic, and molecular data for response prediction. Research directions to make ovarian cancer more susceptible to immunotherapy are moving from empiric treatment to more biologically informed, multimodal approaches aimed at overcoming immune suppression, enhancing antitumor immunity, and personalizing treatment for patients with ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of international/national guidelines for the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Convergence and divergence of recommendations","authors":"Qin Liu PhD,&nbsp; Handoko PhD,&nbsp;Ji-Shi Li MD,&nbsp;Qiao-Juan Guo PhD,&nbsp;Fernando Lopez MD,&nbsp;Primož Strojan MD,&nbsp;James C. H. Chow FRCR,&nbsp;Orlando Guntinas-Lichius MD,&nbsp;Karthik N. Rao MCh,&nbsp;Sweet Ping Ng PhD,&nbsp;Sandra Nuyts MD,&nbsp;Wai-Tong Ng MD,&nbsp;Nabil F. Saba MD,&nbsp;Carlos Chiesa-Estomba MD,&nbsp;M. P. Sreeram MDS,&nbsp;Alfio Ferlito MD,&nbsp;Anne W. M. Lee Dsc","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70604","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing numbers of clinical practice guidelines have been published by international/national groups for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), providing valuable references for clinicians in making evidence-based decisions on treatment. However, there are substantial discrepancies in various recommendations, leading to uncertainties in choosing the optimal strategies. The authors systematically searched databases and organizational websites for NPC guidelines published between January 2000 and November 2025. All identified guidelines underwent quality appraisal; in total, 26 clinical practice guidelines rated <i>recommended for use</i> were included. The recommendations covering all management aspects (diagnosis, staging, radiotherapy, systemic therapy, follow-up surveillance, biomarkers, and salvage of recurrent/metastatic diseases) were summarized and comparatively analyzed for consistency and disparities. Strong consensus exists for diagnostic workup, staging systems, and induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced disease, whereas marked disparities exist on radiotherapy details, particularly target volume delineation, elective coverage extent, and dose specifications. Although systemic therapy strategies for different stage groups were mostly consistent, substantial disparities exist in alternative options and treatment details. This first comprehensive systematic synthesis of international NPC guidelines provides a practical reference for clinicians to understand all recommendations and select optimal options based on local resources and expertise while identifying current controversies that demand future research for further standardization and harmonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-cell engagers in small cell lung cancer","authors":"Alissa J Cooper MD,&nbsp;Jacob Sands MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70600","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The management of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been transformed by the advent of effective T-cell engagers (TCEs), which circumvent the traditionally immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by directly facilitating T-cell–mediated cell lysis. Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) has emerged as the predominant target for TCE development in SCLC given its high expression on tumor cells and relatively spared expression on normal tissues. Tarlatamab, a DLL3xCD3 TCE that is now an approved agent for SCLC, has revolutionized outcomes for patients with SCLC, but raises challenges in terms of toxicity management and real-world implementation. In this review, we discuss the current landscape and future directions of DLL3-targeting TCE in SCLC, including accumulating real-world clinical experience, nascent investigation into patient selection and modifiers of response and resistance, and anticipated paradigm shifts as a result of ongoing clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening among adults according to disability type and difficulty level, United States, 2021 and 2023","authors":"Natalia Mazzitelli MPH,&nbsp;Jessica Star MPH, MA,&nbsp;Kinsey Meggett PhD,&nbsp;Xuesong Han PhD,&nbsp;Priti Bandi PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70557","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70557","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults with disabilities face multiple barriers to cancer screening services. Few studies have examined screening receipt across multiple disability domains via standardized measures in contemporary nationally representative samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were pooled from the 2021 and 2023 National Health Interview Survey. Prevalence of United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendation concordant breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening was estimated according to disability domain (vision, hearing, mobility, cognition, communication, and self-care) and difficulty level (“substantial,” “some,” and “none”), which were defined according to the Washington Group Composite Disability Indicator.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1712, 1147, and 3106 sample respondents eligible for breast, cervical, and colorectal screening had disabilities, respectively, which translates to 6.02 million, 5.10 million, and 11.17 million when population weighted. Breast and cervical screening prevalence decreased with increasing difficulty level for self-care, vision, mobility, and cognition domains, with the lowest receipt among those reporting substantial versus no self-care difficulties (breast: 52% vs. 79%; adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58–0.82; cervical: 37% vs. 78%; aPR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51–0.78). Communication disability was associated with lower cervical screening (35% substantial vs. 78% none; aPR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.52–0.82) but not for other screenings. Conversely, stool testing for colorectal screening was higher among adults with substantial mobility difficulties (22% vs. 16% none; aPR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.12–1.38) and some self-care, mobility, and vision difficulties, compared to those with none.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Addressing barriers for individuals with self-care limitations could improve suboptimal screening levels across multiple cancer screenings. Self-sampling modalities, including stool testing, may mitigate accessibility issues, and warrant further evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148917751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Breaking barriers: Opt-out tobacco dependence treatment in oncology care”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70583","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70583","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bates-Pappas GE, Ostroff JS. Breaking barriers: Opt-out tobacco dependence treatment in oncology care. <i>Cancer</i>. 2026:e70477. doi:10.1002/cncr.70477</p><p>The originally published version of this editorial was missing the following citation:</p><p>6. Taylor KL, Whealan JM, Davis KM, et al. The impact of opt-out tobacco screening and treatment referrals among racially and socioeconomically diverse patients in the oncology setting. <i>Cancer</i>. 2026;e70272. doi:10.1002/cncr.70272</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.70583","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated risk of ischemic stroke after invasive cancer diagnosis: A nationwide population-based study","authors":"Carmit Libruder MSc,&nbsp;David Tanne MD,&nbsp;Barbara G. Silverman MD, MPH,&nbsp;Binyamin Binyaminy MD, PhD, MPH, MHA,&nbsp;Rita Dichtiar MPH,&nbsp;Lital Keinan-Boker MD, PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70536","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.70536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer and stroke are major causes of morbidity and mortality, with an increasing shared burden. This study aimed to provide population-based estimates of ischemic stroke (IS) risk after cancer diagnosis across multiple cancer sites and demographic subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted linking the Israel National Cancer and Stroke Registries. Residents ≥40 years old diagnosed with first invasive cancer during 2014–2021 were followed for first-ever IS within 1 year. IS risk was assessed using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and analyzed by cancer site, time since diagnosis, cancer stage, and demographic subgroups. One-year cumulative incidence was estimated with death as a competing event.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 182,221 patients, the SIR for IS within 1 year after cancer diagnosis was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–1.9). Risk peaked during the first 3 months (SIR, 2.5; 95% CI, 2.2–2.7). The highest SIRs were observed for pancreatic (SIR, 5.9; 95% CI, 4.8–7.3) and lung (SIR, 3.9; 95% CI, 3.4–4.4) cancers. SIRs decreased with age from 3.6 (95% CI, 2.8–4.6) among adults 40–54 years old to 1.4 (95% CI, 1.3–1.6) among those ≥75 years old. SIRs increased with stage, from 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0–1.4) in localized disease to 2.8 (95% CI, 2.5–3.2) in metastatic disease. One-year cumulative incidence of IS was 0.62%, ranging from 0.30% in breast cancer to 1.62% in pancreatic cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The early period after cancer diagnosis represents a critical window of increased IS risk. Incorporating targeted cerebrovascular risk assessment into oncologic care may facilitate earlier identification of high-risk subgroups and support tailored prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}