Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Federal Cervical Cancer Collaborative: Improving cervical cancer prevention through vaccination, screening, and management in safety-net settings of care","authors":"Ellen L. Hendrix MPH,&nbsp;Veronica Y. Chollette RN, MS,&nbsp;Nicolas Wentzensen MD, PhD, MS,&nbsp;Jennifer K. Loukissas MPP,&nbsp;Jennifer K. McGee-Avila PhD, MPH,&nbsp;Elise Tookmanian PhD,&nbsp;Sarah M. Temkin MD,&nbsp;Regine A. Douthard MD, MPH,&nbsp;Madeline Rossy MD,&nbsp;Cheryl Donald MA, MBA, LMFT,&nbsp;Sarah C. Kobrin PhD, MPH,&nbsp;Jane W. Segebrecht MPH","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35655","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35655","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Federal Cervical Cancer Collaborative (FCCC) was established by the Health Resources and Services Administration Office of Women’s Health and its interagency partners within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Its primary mission, aligned with the goals of the Cancer Moonshot (https://www.cancer.gov/research/key-initiatives/moonshot-cancer-initiative/implementation/prevention-early-detection), is to accelerate control of cervical cancer within safety-net settings of care. This interagency partnership works in close collaboration to reduce disparities in cervical cancer care, particularly among populations that are geographically isolated, economically challenged, and medically underserved. The FCCC bridges federal priorities of cancer research from the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute to health care delivery in Health Resources and Services Administration–supported and safety-net settings of care. In this commentary, FCCC activities are discussed to improve cervical cancer prevention and control through vaccination, screening, and management of preinvasive cervical disease in safety-net settings of care. These activities include the development and implementation of an evidence-based, action-oriented provider toolkit and federal opportunities report. The FCCC’s efforts to increase the readiness of safety-net settings of care to implement the 2019 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines for patients with abnormal cervical cancer screening results are discussed. Also described are the results from a survey of National Cancer Institute–designated cancer centers, designed to inform future efforts to strengthen referrals and care coordination with safety-net settings of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary trends in utilization of metastasectomy in the era of targeted and immunotherapies","authors":"Jesse E. Passman MD, MSHP, MPH,&nbsp;Michael J. Kallan MS,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Roberson MD, MBA,&nbsp;Sara P. Ginzberg MD, MSHP,&nbsp;Wajid Amjad BS,&nbsp;Jacqueline M. Soegaard Ballester MD, MBMI,&nbsp;Gabriella Tortorello MD,&nbsp;Douglas Fraker MD,&nbsp;Giorgos C. Karakousis MD,&nbsp;Edmund K. Bartlett MD,&nbsp;Heather Wachtel MD, MTR","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35664","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35664","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metastasectomy is a useful adjunct in the management of metastatic cancer. Widespread adoption of novel targeted and immunotherapies has improved the survival profiles of multiple malignancies, which has potentially altered the role of metastasectomy. This study aimed to characterize trends in metastasectomy across five primary cancers eligible for these therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify patients who underwent metastasectomy in the United States (2016–2021). Patients with procedure codes for resection of the lung, liver, adrenal gland, brain, or small bowel and concurrent diagnosis codes for secondary malignant neoplasm of that site were included. Subjects were subcategorized by primary malignancy: colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, or renal cancer. Sample weights were used to produce national estimates, which were incidence adjusted by primary malignancy. Trends in utilization were calculated with average annual percent change (AAPC) and linear regression coefficients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer was the most frequent indication for metastasectomy (<i>n</i> = 57,644 cases), followed by lung cancer (<i>n</i> = 55,090 cases), breast cancer (<i>n</i> = 12,616 cases), renal cancer (<i>n</i> = 8427 cases), and melanoma (<i>n</i> = 5658 cases). Utilization of metastasectomy increased over the study period for breast cancer (AAPC, +10.6%; <i>p</i> = .013) and melanoma (AAPC, +8.3%; <i>p</i> = .040) but did not change for lung cancer (AAPC, −1.6%; <i>p</i> = .26), colorectal cancer (AAPC, +0.3%; <i>p</i> = .83), or renal cancer (AAPC, +2.3%; <i>p</i> = .36).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2016 and 2021, utilization of metastasectomy increased significantly for melanoma and breast cancer. The role of metastasectomy will likely continue to develop as new treatment protocols improve survival profiles for patients with metastatic disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving survival for patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era","authors":"David Zhang MD,&nbsp;Anjali Rohatgi MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35675","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening eligibility criteria disproportionately exclude younger Black patients with lung cancer","authors":"Alexandra L. Potter BS,&nbsp;Sangkavi Kuhan BS,&nbsp;Priyanka Senthil BA,&nbsp;Arian Mansur BA,&nbsp;Chinmay Haridas MBBS,&nbsp;Deepti Srinivasan BS,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar MD,&nbsp;Wei Zheng MD, PhD, MPH,&nbsp;Erica T. Warner ScD, MPH,&nbsp;Chi-Fu Jeffrey Yang MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35676","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) lung cancer screening guideline may continue to exclude many younger Black individuals who have not yet accumulated enough smoking pack-years to be eligible for screening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the proportions of Black and White patients with lung cancer, stratified by age at diagnosis, who would have been eligible for lung cancer screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incident lung cancer cases among Black and White individuals aged 50–80 years with a smoking history in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) were identified for analysis. The proportions of Black and White individuals, stratified by age at diagnosis, who would have qualified for screening under the 2013 and 2021 USPSTF guidelines were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1856 individuals met inclusion criteria. Compared to the 2013 USPSTF guideline, the 2021 USPSTF guideline significantly increased the proportions of Black and White patients with lung cancer who would have qualified for screening in all age groups evaluated. However, under the 2021 USPSTF guideline, there remained a notable racial disparity in lung cancer screening eligibility, particularly among younger patients with lung cancer. Only 47.4% and 61.9% of Black patients aged 50–54 and 50–59 years, respectively, would have qualified for screening under the 2021 USPSTF guideline compared to 80.3% and 88.8% of White patients aged 50–54 and 50–59 years, respectively. With increasing age, the racial disparity in lung cancer screening eligibility between Black and White patients with lung cancer was reduced, and there were no longer any statistically significant differences in screening eligibility between Black and White patients with lung cancer aged 70–74 and 75–80 years. Of Black individuals aged 50–54 and 55–59 years who were ineligible for screening, 100% and 97.5% were ineligible because they had smoked fewer than 20 pack-years, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis of SCCS participants with lung cancer found that the 2021 USPSTF eligibility criteria disproportionately exclude many younger Black individuals with lung cancer, primarily because they have too few smoking pack-years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top advances of the year: Breast cancer","authors":"Clara R. Farley MD, FACS,&nbsp;Elizabeth Sakach MD,&nbsp;Natalie Ridge DO, MS,&nbsp;Ruth Sacks MD, MSCR,&nbsp;Kevin Kalinsky MD, MS, FASCO","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35669","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence rates of soft tissue sarcoma among U.S. military servicemen: Comparison with the rates in the general U.S. population","authors":"Julie A. Bytnar DrPH,&nbsp;Ashley B. Anderson MD,&nbsp;Benjamin K. Potter MD,&nbsp;Craig D. Shriver MD,&nbsp;Kangmin Zhu MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35607","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35607","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among men younger than age 30 years and a leading cause of cancer death in men younger than age 40 years. The military may be more exposed to STS risk factors and have generally better health and health care access than the general population, which may relate to lower cancer risk and/or early detection. This study compared STS incidence between servicemen and men in the general U.S. population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were from the Department of Defense’s Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Subjects were active-duty servicemen in ACTUR and men in SEER aged 18–59 years diagnosed with STS from 1990 to 2013. Age-adjusted rates, incidence rate ratios (IRR), and 95% CIs were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>STS incidence rates were lower in ACTUR than SEER overall (IRR = 0.86 [0.78-0.93]), for 18- to 39-year-old men (IRR = 0.78 [0.70-0.86]), by race (White: IRR = 0.85 [0.77-0.95]; Black: IRR = 0.77 [0.63-0.94]), for sites other than skin/connective/soft tissue (IRR = 0.49 [0.37-0.63]), other specified histologies (IRR = 0.84 [0.71-0.98]), and unspecified histology (IRR = 0.57 [0.38-0.82]). Rates were lower in ACTUR for regional (IRR = 0.37 [0.28-0.47]) and distant metastases (IRR = 0.58 [0.43-0.76]), even when race and age stratified. However, rates were higher in ACTUR for 40- to 59-year-old men (IRR = 1.25 [1.04-1.48]) and localized tumors (IRR = 1.16 [1.04-1.29]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lower STS rates among servicemen may relate to better health and early detection and treatment of STS-associated conditions within the military health system, which provides universal care. Higher rates among 40- to 59-year-old servicemen may result from greater cumulative military-related exposures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a couple-based intervention addressing sexual concerns for breast cancer survivors: Results of a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jennifer Barsky Reese PhD,&nbsp;Stephen J. Lepore PhD,&nbsp;Kristen A. Sorice BA,&nbsp;Lauren A. Zimmaro PhD,&nbsp;Jill Hasler PhD,&nbsp;Elizabeth Handorf PhD,&nbsp;Mary B. Daly MD, PhD,&nbsp;Alexandra K. Zaleta PhD,&nbsp;Kelly Westbrook MD,&nbsp;Laura S. Porter PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35685","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35685","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual concerns are common and problematic for breast cancer survivors. Partner and relationship factors often play a key role in determining survivors' sexual adjustment, making it likely that couple-based interventions that integrate survivors' partners could be especially promising for addressing survivors' sexual concerns. Yet few such interventions have been tested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Intimacy Enhancement (IE) intervention, a four-session, couple-based intervention addressing breast cancer survivors' sexual concerns by telephone in a randomized controlled trial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Female posttreatment breast cancer survivors reporting sexual concerns and their intimate partners (<i>N</i> = 120 couples; 240 participants) were randomized either to the IE intervention or to Living Healthy Together (LHT), an active control intervention of equivalent length. Outcomes (measured at baseline, postintervention, and at 3 and 6 months postintervention) included breast cancer survivors' sexual function (primary), partners' sexual function (secondary), and survivors' and partners' psychosocial and relationship outcomes (secondary). Mixed linear regression models examined intervention effects on outcomes at all follow-ups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Model-based estimates of intervention effects showed greater improvements in survivors' overall sexual function, sexual satisfaction, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm at postintervention (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Effects on survivors' 3-month and 6-month sexual functioning or other secondary outcomes were minimal. Most couples completed all IE sessions (97%) and LHT (92%), and satisfaction ratings were high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with an active control intervention, the IE intervention had significant short-term benefits for survivors' sexual function. Efforts may be needed to increase the longevity of the positive effects, such as more frequent or adjunctive treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of nivolumab administration in advanced melanoma: A comparison of patients’ clinical outcomes treated with flat dose or weight-adjusted dose, a multicenter observational study","authors":"Iona Campo Le Brun MD,&nbsp;Séphane Dalle MD, PhD,&nbsp;Laurent Mortier MD, PhD,&nbsp;Olivier Dereure MD, PhD,&nbsp;Sophie Dalac Rat MD,&nbsp;Caroline Dutriaux MD,&nbsp;Marie-Thérèse Leccia MD, PhD,&nbsp;Delphine Legoupil MD,&nbsp;Henri Montaudié MD, PhD,&nbsp;Julie De Quatrebarbes MD,&nbsp;Caroline Gaudy-Marqueste MD, PhD,&nbsp;Eve Maubec MD, PhD,&nbsp;Philippe Saiag MD, PhD,&nbsp;Cécile Pagès MD,&nbsp;Florence Brunet Possenti MD, PhD,&nbsp;Florence Granel-Brocard MD,&nbsp;Raphaël Porcher MD, PhD,&nbsp;Wendy Lefevre MSc,&nbsp;Célèste Lebbé MD, PhD,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Kempf MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35679","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35679","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nivolumab obtained approval in advanced melanoma (AM) with weight-adjusted dose (WAD) administration (3 mg/kg/2 weeks). In 2018, the dosage regimen was changed to flat dose (FD) administration (240 mg/2 weeks or 480 mg/4 weeks) based on a modeling study, without clinical data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AM patients have been prospectively included in the French national multicenter MelBase database since 2013. First-line patients treated with nivolumab monotherapy were included in the WAD or FD groups of this study. The primary end point was the incidence of grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Secondary end points were incidence of any grade irAEs, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to balance groups on their baseline characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2015 and 2022, 348 patients were included: 160 in the WAD and 188 in the FD groups. In the FD group, 45% and 27% of patients weighed &lt;75 kg and &gt;85 kg, respectively. Grade ≥3 and any grade irAEs rates were 13.1% versus 11.7% (<i>p</i> = .8) and 63.1% versus 67.0% (<i>p</i> = .5) in the WAD and FD groups, respectively. After weighting, median PFS was 3.1 and 3.7 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–1.07), and median OS was 24.8 and 37.0 months (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54–1.01) in the WAD and FD groups, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no difference in the incidence of severe irAEs and in median PFS between AM patients treated by WAD or FD nivolumab. The median OS between patient groups did not reach statistical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm progression toward malignancy","authors":"Manuel Gentiluomo PhD,&nbsp;Chiara Corradi PhD,&nbsp;Laura Apadula MS,&nbsp;Annalisa Comandatore MD,&nbsp;Gaetano Lauri MD,&nbsp;Gemma Rossi MD,&nbsp;Giulia Peduzzi PhD,&nbsp;Stefano Crippa MD, PhD,&nbsp;Cosmeri Rizzato PhD,&nbsp;Massimo Falconi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono MD PhD,&nbsp;Luca Morelli MD, PhD,&nbsp;Gabriele Capurso MD, PhD,&nbsp;Daniele Campa PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35678","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35678","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are precursors to pancreatic cancer, but not all IPMNs progress to cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the germline genetic variants associated with IPMN clinical progression by conducting the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) and computing a polygenic hazard score (PHS) in 338 patients with IPMN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study population was divided into two subsets, and a Cox analysis adjusted for sex, age, cyst size at diagnosis, and the top 10 principal components was performed. A PHS was calculated using the genotypes of common variants associated with IPMN progression identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight loci with significant associations (<i>p</i> &lt; 5 × 10⁻⁸) were identified, and the most significant was 7q21.11-rs117620617 (hazard ratio, 16.35; 95% confidence interval, 6.93–38.60; <i>p</i> = 1.80 × 10⁻¹⁰). All variants were associated with inflammatory processes, suggesting that alleles that predispose to an inflammatory prone phenotype may promote progression. The PHS indicated a statistically significant association (hazard ratio, 18.05; 95% confidence interval, 7.96–45.80; <i>p</i> = 6.18 × 10⁻¹¹) with IPMN progression among individuals who had the highest number of effect alleles (fourth quartile) compared with those who had the lowest number (first quartile).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current results study advance the understanding of individual predisposition to IPMN progression and underscore the potential use of genetics in the stratification of patients who have IPMN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy before radiation therapy and the risk of death in patients with unfavorable-risk prostate cancer: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mutlay Sayan MD,&nbsp;Ming-Hui Chen PhD,&nbsp;Jing Wu PhD,&nbsp;Jonathan E. Leeman MD,&nbsp;Shalini Moningi MD,&nbsp;Martin T. King MD,&nbsp;Peter F. Orio DO,&nbsp;Paul L. Nguyen MD,&nbsp;Anthony V. D’Amico MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35674","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncr.35674","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level &gt;0.5 ng/mL after 9 to 10 weeks of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and before radiation therapy (RT) was associated with an increased PSA-failure risk; however, the impact on all-cause mortality (ACM) risk after adjusting for serum testosterone level remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2005 to 2015, 350 patients with localized, unfavorable-risk prostate cancer (PC) were randomly assigned to receive androgen deprivation therapy and RT plus docetaxel vs standard of care (SOC) with androgen deprivation therapy and RT. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess whether a significant association existed between PSA (continuous and categorized as ≤0.5 vs &gt; 0.5 ng/mL) measured at 9 to 10 weeks after randomization and ACM risk, adjusting for known PC prognostic factors and baseline testosterone level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After a median follow-up of 10.23 years (interquartile range: 8.07–11.41), 85 patients died (25.30%), 41 from PC (48.24%). PSA level at 9 to 10 weeks after randomization was significantly associated with increased risk of ACM when analyzed as a continuous (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04–1.30; <i>p</i> = .008) or categorical covariate (&gt;0.5 vs ≤ 0.5 ng/mL; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.12–3.17; <i>p</i> = .02) after adjusting for covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study validates that a PSA level &gt;0.5 ng/mL after neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and before RT is prognostic and significantly associated with an increased ACM risk. Patients achieving this endpoint should be considered for enrollment in future randomized trials evaluating the impact of treatment escalation on ACM using a prerandomization stratification by age or validated comorbidity metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}