Intelligence最新文献_第2页

Intelligence testing across cultures: When scores stop meaning the same thing 跨文化智力测试：当分数不再意味着同一件事

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2026.102004

Dragos Iliescu , Samuel Greiff

引用次数: 0

The good judge of intelligence 对智力的正确判断

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101994

Christoph Heine , Johannes Zimmermann , Daniel Leising , Michael Dufner

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneous relationships between working speed and ability on the Reasoning and Intelligence Online Test (RIOT) 推理与智力在线测试（RIOT）中工作速度与能力的异质关系

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101990

Russell T. Warne

{"title":"Heterogeneous relationships between working speed and ability on the Reasoning and Intelligence Online Test (RIOT)","authors":"Russell T. Warne","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental speed is a multidimensional construct that encompasses three distinct time-related measures: reaction time, processing speed, and tempo, the latter of which is defined as the rate at which individuals respond to items varying in difficulty. This study jointly analyzes item responses and response times from 1467 adults taking the nine core subtests of the Reasoning and Intelligence Online Test (RIOT; <span><span>https://riotiq.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). Using a joint hierarchical model of responses and response times, results indicated good model fit across subtests, with weak correlations between examinee ability and examinee tempo for verbal tasks (<em>r</em> = −0.208 to 0.317) and stronger negative correlations for visuospatial tasks (<em>r</em> = −0.504 to −0.774), supporting predictions from dual process theory. Item intensity positively correlated with response times with difficulty on most subtests, indicating that item characteristics were the cause of longer response times for more difficult items. Few examinees (2.5 %) exhibited dual misfit in responses and times, but the Figure Weights subtest revealed anomalous slow responding. Findings are consistent with tempo (i.e., examinee response times) being largely independent of cognitive ability, with observed correlations influenced by item characteristics. Implications for intelligence testing and future experimental validation are discussed. A preprint of this article is available at <span><span>https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/c82b7</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 101990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Braided pathways: Parental education and occupation as parallel channels to children's intelligence 编织的路径：父母教育和职业作为儿童智力的平行渠道

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2026.102002

Ugur Sak, Semra Demir Durdağı, Ayşenur Genç

{"title":"Braided pathways: Parental education and occupation as parallel channels to children's intelligence","authors":"Ugur Sak, Semra Demir Durdağı, Ayşenur Genç","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2026.102002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2026.102002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Family socioeconomic status (SES) is often described as a combination of parental education, occupational status, and income, but few studies have examined how parental education and occupation jointly relate to individually assessed intelligence. This study tested how maternal and paternal education and occupational status predict children's general intelligence (GIQ), whether education and occupation change each other's effects, and whether each helps to explain the other's association with GIQ. Participants were 1480 children referred to a university-based assessment center, along with their parents. Children's intelligence was assessed using the Anadolu–Sak Intelligence Scale (ASIS), and parents reported their education and occupation. We used hierarchical regressions to examine the added contributions of maternal and paternal education and occupation to GIQ, and mediation analyses (PROCESS) to estimate indirect paths between education and occupation for mothers and fathers separately. Both maternal and paternal education and occupational status significantly predicted children's GIQ beyond demographic covariates, with parental education showing stronger associations than occupational status. The results also showed partial mediation in both directions: parental education partly explained the link between occupational status and GIQ, and occupational status partly explained the link between parental education and GIQ, especially for mothers. Evidence that education and occupation changed each other's effects was limited and small in size. These findings support a braided view of SES in which parental education and occupational complexity act together to shape children's intelligence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 102002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mind the gap: Multigenerational family effects on cognitive abilities 注意差距：多代同堂对认知能力的影响

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101982

Jonas Bühler , Oskar G. Jenni , Christoph A. Schaltegger , Melanie Häner-Müller , Flavia M. Wehrle

引用次数: 0

Exploring exceptional minds: Political orientations of gifted adults 探索杰出的头脑：天才成年人的政治倾向

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101986

Maximilian Krolo , Jörn R. Sparfeldt , Detlef H. Rost

{"title":"Exploring exceptional minds: Political orientations of gifted adults","authors":"Maximilian Krolo , Jörn R. Sparfeldt , Detlef H. Rost","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gifted individuals are influential in shaping the success of societies in areas such as economics, science, and politics. However, prior research on the relationship between intelligence and political orientations yielded inconsistent results. The political orientations of gifted adults remain yet underexplored. Therefore, we examined the political orientations of gifted and non-gifted adults using both, a single-dimensional left-right self-placement and a multi-dimensional questionnaire. From 7023 non-preselected third graders, gifted students (IQ ≥ 130) and a matched sample of non-gifted students (IQ ≈ 100) were initially identified and re-identified in ninth grade following another intelligence testing within the scope of the Marburg Giftedness Project. About 35 years after the initial identification, 87 gifted and 71 non-gifted adults participated in our follow-up survey. In a 2 × 2 ANOVA with the independent variables giftedness and the control variable sex, no significant effects were found in the left-right self-placement. In a 2 × 2 MANOVA and subsequent ANOVAs with the four scales of the multi-dimensional questionnaire (economic libertarianism, liberalism, conservatism, socialism), no significant main or interaction effect emerged, except a significant interaction effect of giftedness and sex for conservatism. Specifically, non-gifted men showed higher conservatism scores than gifted men, whereas gifted and non-gifted women did not differ significantly. The results from supplementary Bayesian analyses were in accordance with these interpretations. The relevance of these findings is discussed, underscoring the nuanced relationship between giftedness and political orientations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 101986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotional intelligence profiles and well-being among Chinese university students: The mediating role of basic psychological needs 中国大学生情绪智力与幸福感：基本心理需求的中介作用

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101991

Xiaotian Zhang , Xiuzhu Lin , Yi Wang

引用次数: 0

Cognitive profile of individuals with borderline intellectual functioning: A systematic review 边缘智力功能个体的认知概况：系统回顾

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101974

Cristina Orío-Aparicio, Carmen López-Escribano, Cristina Bel-Fenellós

{"title":"Cognitive profile of individuals with borderline intellectual functioning: A systematic review","authors":"Cristina Orío-Aparicio, Carmen López-Escribano, Cristina Bel-Fenellós","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) is defined as a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by an intelligence quotient between 71 and 85, along with difficulties in adaptive functioning. Although individuals with this condition experience various challenges and require support in different areas of life, research on this topic remains limited. Therefore, this article presents a systematic review aimed at describing the cognitive profile of individuals with BIF. The review included studies addressing the intellectual functioning of the BIF population published between 2012 and 2024. The literature search was conducted in the ProQuest, WoS, SCOPUS, and EBSCOhost databases. Finally, a total of 33 articles were included, and their quality was assessed using the SSAHS tool. The results were organised into three categories: general cognitive abilities, executive functions, language cognition, and neurophysiology. The analysis indicates that individuals with BIF exhibit a cognitive profile characterised by deficits in various domains, including executive functions (such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and planning), general cognitive abilities (such as memory, attention, abstract thinking, problem-solving, arithmetic, and concentration), and language-related cognitive skills, both oral and written. Additionally, neuroimaging techniques suggest that BIF is also associated with structural and functional alterations in the brain. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed, as well as the need for future research with larger samples and more comprehensive assessments. Additionally, the necessity of promoting policies and services that include this population is emphasised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 101974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Varieties of divergent thinking: A network analysis of Guilford, Merriefield and Cox (1961) 发散思维的多样性：吉尔福德、梅里菲尔德和考克斯（1961）的网络分析

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101975

Baptiste Barbot , Lea Marie Naczenski , Matthijs Baas , Claire E. Stevenson

{"title":"Varieties of divergent thinking: A network analysis of Guilford, Merriefield and Cox (1961)","authors":"Baptiste Barbot , Lea Marie Naczenski , Matthijs Baas , Claire E. Stevenson","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grounded in the historical development of Guilford's Structure of Intellect model (SOI), this study examines the structure of divergent thinking (DT) and its relationship with other cognitive abilities using psychometric network analysis. It reanalyzes data from an unpublished report by Guilford, Merriefield and Cox (1961), encompassing 27 DT tasks (i.e., different operationalizations of DT which varied according to their <em>content</em> and <em>product</em> dimensions) and six cognitive ability tasks administered to 661 adolescents: verbal comprehension, verbal reasoning, word meaning, paragraph meaning, numerical ability, and processing speed. Results showed that (a) the association in performance between different DT tasks varies greatly, albeit, small to moderate in size; (b) DT tasks were more strongly interrelated when they belonged to the same SOI facet or shared the same <em>content</em> domain (rather than <em>product</em> dimension), (c) a similar pattern emerged in the relationships between DT and other cognitive abilities, with stronger links observed when tasks shared the same <em>content</em> domain, and despite (d) no clear clusters of closely related tasks identified in the network; Finally (e), among all 27 DT operationalizations, the Alternate Uses Task (AUT) — a prevalent DT task used in creativity and intelligence research —emerged as the most central task. Together, this study provides a “fresh” look to the enduring issue of the dimensionality of DT, the importance of <em>content</em> alignment in interpreting associations across DT and other cognitive ability measures, and in turn, the usefulness of the SOI model of intelligence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 101975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of the language of personality sphere: Historical evidence for intellect's role in hierarchical-reticular models 人格领域语言的发展：层次-网状模型中智力角色的历史证据

IF 2.8 2区心理学

Intelligence Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2025.101987

Mark A. Hamilton

{"title":"Development of the language of personality sphere: Historical evidence for intellect's role in hierarchical-reticular models","authors":"Mark A. Hamilton","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intellect has been a fundamental trait within the Language of Personality Sphere (LPS) since the semantic construct was conceived. Progress modeling the structure and function of the LPS can be traced back to developments in hierarchical factor analysis. Structured systems theory locates domains (i.e., adaptations) within shallow, deep, or core strata of the LPS. Cattell and Digman proposed causal relations within and between strata; but after their initial tests, they suspended their work on reticular modeling. The established dimensions of the LPS core, personal growth and socialization, were supplemented with the less robust third dimension of emotional regulation. Intellect is hypothesized to lead all three core functions, either directly or indirectly. Retrospective causal modeling of four foundational studies by Cattell and Digman uncovered modest yet consistent support for the three core processes. Factor rotation constraints were found to have attenuated effects in the Cattell studies. Age emerged as a hidden moderator, apparently obscuring multiple key effects. Results suggest that these artifacts likely discouraged the two pioneers of hierarchical-reticular modeling. They prematurely shelved their revolutionary approach to the study of personality, limiting research on the impact of intellect and motivation on social interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 101987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0