International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics最新文献

{"title":"A Total Displacement Catastrophe Criterion for Assessing Open-Pit Slope Stability Under Rainfall Conditions","authors":"Lu He,&nbsp;Jianchuan Ren,&nbsp;Yuqi Shang,&nbsp;Gaofeng Song,&nbsp;Dezhong Kong,&nbsp;Di Wu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70430","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70430","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the present study is to address the challenge of accurately assessing the stability of open-pit mine slopes under rainfall infiltration. This study innovatively combines total displacement theory with the cusp catastrophe model. A slope instability criterion based on total displacement mutation is proposed. The MATLAB platform was used for model validation and comparative analysis. Firstly, a quartic polynomial model was developed to characterize the relationship between the total displacement and the reduction coefficient based on the strength reduction method and total displacement theory. The equilibrium and discriminant equations for the cusp catastrophe model were then derived. Secondly, a typical mine slope in Guizhou Province, China, was selected as a case study to assess the applicability and accuracy of three instability criteria: the plastic zone penetration criterion, the key point displacement catastrophe criterion, and the total displacement catastrophe criterion (TDCC). The results indicate that the slope safety factor calculated by the TDCC is 1.201. This criterion is objective and independent of the monitoring point location, significantly reducing human errors. The criterion's accuracy was further verified by varying the cohesion and the internal friction angle. The results obtained from the TDCC were stable and central, aligning with the variation trends of the other two criteria, thereby confirming its reliability and accuracy. This work provides a quantitative, operational method for identifying instability in slope rainfall-infiltration stability analysis. It is of theoretical and engineering guidance significance for the prevention and control of slope disasters in open-pit mines.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"6019-6030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Prediction Method of Shear Strength of CFG Pile Composite Foundation in Soft Soil","authors":"Yiliang Tu,&nbsp;Siyu Ren,&nbsp;Hejun Chai,&nbsp;Zuliang Zhong,&nbsp;Xinrong Liu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70403","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70403","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the equivalent area method, composite foundations are simplified as homogeneous materials, by which the efficiency of shear strength calculation is significantly improved. This method has been widely applied in the quick evaluation of subgrade stability. However, the interaction between piles and soil, as well as the actual failure modes of composite foundations are neglected. As a result, deviations between the predicted and actual shear strength are often observed. In this study, direct shear tests and discrete element numerical simulations were conducted. The shear mechanical properties of CFG pile composite foundations were systematically investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Based on the findings, a modified equivalent area method was proposed and validated. The results indicate that significant differences in the shear strength and failure mode exist between soft soil and CFG piles. As the replacement area radio increases, the shear strength of the composite foundation significantly increases, and the failure mode of the pile changes accordingly. During shearing, the piles and the surrounding soil gradually form a coherent overall structure that undergoes coordinated deformation and jointly bears the shear load. The piles near the shear direction exhibit denser particle displacement, crack distribution, and bond failure, showing a progressive failure pattern. The shear strength calculated by the modified method is more conservative than that obtained by the equivalent area method. The modified method can more accurately reflect the actual situation of the composite foundation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5635-5662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Non-Isothermal Viscoplastic Framework for Assessing Shaft Resistance in Energy Geostructures","authors":"Saeed Tourchi,&nbsp;Arash Alimardani Lavasan","doi":"10.1002/nag.70426","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70426","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) num erical investigation of shaft resistance degradation in geothermal piles embedded in low-permeability clays. A thermo-viscoplastic constitutive model is developed to simulate the pile–soil interface behavior under non-isothermal conditions. The model captures the evolution of excess porewater pressure, effective stress reduction, and their combined impact on shaft bearing capacity during thermal activation. Parametric simulations are carried out for a range of fluid temperatures (21<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mo>∘</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$^circ{rm C}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>–50<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mo>∘</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$^circ{rm C}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) and soil permeabilities (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>6</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>$10^{-6}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>–<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>14</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>$10^{-14}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>${rm m}^2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>), representative of in-situ conditions. Results show that undrained heating leads to substantial excess porewater pressure buildup, especially at low permeability and high temperature, resulting in significant reductions in zero-thickness interface element shear strength. A shaft resistance reduction function is proposed to quantify this phenomenon. The numerical predictions are benchmarked against full-scale energy-pile measurements, showing close agreement in temperatures, strains, uplift, and stress. The findings underline the critical role of thermal pressurization in energy pile design and provide an enhanced modeling strategy for performance evaluation in fine-grained soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5993-6018"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal-Mechanical Solution of Saturated Soft Soil around a Semi-Permeable Tunnel Considering Internal Heat Effects","authors":"Senlin Xie,&nbsp;Jiajun Niu,&nbsp;Changqing Xia,&nbsp;Anfeng Hu,&nbsp;Liwu Wang,&nbsp;Zhengwei Jiang,&nbsp;Xiangsheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/nag.70423","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70423","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urban tunnels operate for decades under complex service conditions where mechanical loading and thermal disturbance are invariably intertwined. In practice, long-term train operation, ventilation and air-conditioning systems, energy-tunnel heat exchange, and even accidental fire scenarios continuously inject heat into tunnel linings and the surrounding saturated ground. These realities create a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical environment around tunnels that is far more complex than what is captured by classical consolidation theories, and the long-term implications for ground deformation and tunnel serviceability remain insufficiently understood. To address this gap, this study develops an analytical model for the thermo consolidation of soils surrounding tunnels by extending the Terzaghi–Rendulic consolidation framework to incorporate heat diffusion, temperature-dependent permeability, and soil viscous effects. On the basis of the derived closed-form solution, the study systematically explores the roles of tunnel boundary temperature, thermal conductivity, tunnel depth and radius, tunnel permeability, and soil viscosity on temperature fields, excess pore-water pressure evolution, and settlement response. The results reveal that tunnel-induced thermal effects predominantly reshape pore-pressure dissipation pathways and consolidation timescales by altering the spatiotemporal distribution of permeability. Geometric parameters act in a unified manner on both heat transfer and consolidation by modifying the effective overburden thickness. Tunnel permeability emerges as a key control on the consolidation rate, whereas the soil viscosity coefficient dictates whether settlements exhibit persistent, rheology-driven long-term development. By providing a tractable yet physically enriched analytical framework, this work offers a theoretical basis for evaluating the long-term performance of tunnels subjected to combined operational thermal loads and sudden surcharges.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5965-5992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Grain to Ground Motion Data for Critical Rock Bridge and Slope Failure Analysis","authors":"Antoinette Tordesillas,&nbsp;Shuo Zhou,&nbsp;Leonnardo Probst,&nbsp;Pat Bellett,&nbsp;Michal Nitka,&nbsp;Jacek Tejchman","doi":"10.1002/nag.70421","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70421","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rock masses can fail catastrophically with little warning, yet their stability depends on hidden internal connections that channel forces and localise damage. Among these, rock bridges–a “known unknown” in slope mechanics–lock fractured rock and control how failure unfolds, but their concealed geometry and uncertain strength obscure where and how damage initiates. We present a data-driven framework that treats rock masses as force–motion flow networks, with three key innovations: the critical rock bridge path is conceptualised as a recurrent bottleneck within the prefailure force-transmission network of a rock mass, damage evolution cast as a network attack process, and internal connections interpreted as kinematic constraints resisting relative motion. By linking grain-scale micromechanics with radar-derived surface displacements on active slopes, we track the evolution of kinematic constraints and quantify prefailure damage. This physics-informed, data-driven approach integrates laboratory and field scales, providing a framework for identifying and characterising damage propagation along critical rock bridges in the prefailure regime across scales, on Earth and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5891-5918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nag.70421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-Strain Consolidation and Settlement of Stratified Saturated Clay Deposits: A One-Dimensional Semi-Analytical Framework","authors":"Yifan Xu,&nbsp;Yunpeng Zhang,&nbsp;Chuanxun Li,&nbsp;Wenbing Wu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70425","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70425","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Large-strain consolidation of stratified saturated clays is difficult to model analytically or even semi-analytically within existing frameworks. This paper proposes a layer-wise modal solution for one-dimensional large-strain consolidation of stratified saturated clay foundations. The formulation is developed in the Lagrangian coordinate system and considers the nonlinear evolution of compressibility and permeability. By using an exponential transformation, the nonlinear governing equation in each layer is converted into a linear diffusion equation. Unlike conventional approaches that determine undetermined coefficients from boundary and interface conditions, the proposed method introduces time-dependent interface pore-pressure functions and solves them through nonlinear flux-continuity closure equations. The solution is verified against analytical solutions, COMSOL simulations, and field measurements from the Teven Road trial embankment. Results demonstrate its accuracy in predicting pore-pressure dissipation and settlement evolution in stratified soft clay foundations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5936-5946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment Transportation Mechanism Around Submarine Pipelines on a Slope Seabed","authors":"Boen Li,&nbsp;Fangwei Liu,&nbsp;Huihuan Ma","doi":"10.1002/nag.70405","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coupled numerical models based on CFD and DEM were developed to analyze the interaction between fluid flow and sediment particles. To enhance simulation efficiency and accuracy, a series of methods were proposed, validated, and applied, including the single-phase oscillation method, the coarse-grained method, the porous medium replacement strategy, and a semi-resolved approach. Numerical simulations were performed to investigate the scour process around a submarine pipeline situated on a slope, specifically examining the effects of slope angle, pipeline suspension height, and wave height. The flow field, forces acting on particles, and particle movement patterns were analyzed. Results indicate that while the slope angle significantly affects the flow pattern, it exerts limited influence on hydrodynamic forces. The decomposition of gravity into components alters the force balance on particles, rendering them more vulnerable to erosion and facilitating downslope transport under wave action.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5712-5737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Anisotropic Constitutive Model for Crushable Geomaterials Based on Non-Stationary Critical State Line Concept","authors":"Hesam Dejaloud,&nbsp;Hamed Taghavizade,&nbsp;Mohammad Rezania","doi":"10.1002/nag.70424","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70424","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, the dependencies of granular soil behaviour on particle crushing and fabric anisotropy are formulated within a novel model based on bounding surface plasticity theory enriched by the non-stationary critical state line (NCSL) concept. By introducing a flexible decay function, the variation in the position and slope of the CSL with the magnitude of particle crushing is regulated. The originality of the model extends beyond its ability to capture the pre- and post-failure behaviour of crushable geomaterials, as the elastic moduli are also modified to depend on both the stress state and the extent of particle breakage. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated against published data from triaxial compression tests on the widely studied Cambria sand and a compacted coal wash reject material from Australia. It is shown that the proposed model consistently captures the behaviour of crushable geomaterials across a wide range of void ratios, stress levels and particle breakage states, using a unified set of parameter values. The formulation of this anisotropic model has been kept sufficiently simple to facilitate its straightforward future implementation into a continuum-based numerical framework for boundary value problem simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 16","pages":"5919-5935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nag.70424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Three‐Dimensional Spatiotemporal Evolution Model for Two‐Phase Grouting Flow in Water‐Bearing Porous Media Based on the Forchheimer‐Modified Brinkman Equation","authors":"Jiasen Liang, Xueming Du, Lei Wang, Hongyuan Fang, Xiaohua Zhao, Bin Li, Peng Zhao, Shanyong Wang","doi":"10.1002/nag.70450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70450","url":null,"abstract":"Water‐bearing gravelly sand layers pose significant risks to underground construction due to their loose structure, high permeability, and susceptibility to seepage‐induced failure. To better understand and control grout migration in such formations, a three‐dimensional spatiotemporal model for grouting diffusion in water‐bearing porous media was developed using the Forchheimer‐modified Brinkman equation, with the level‐set method employed to capture the dynamic slurry‐water interface. The model incorporates viscous diffusion (Brinkman term) and inertial resistance (Forchheimer term), allowing characterization of both low‐Reynolds‐number shear‐dominated flow and nonlinear inertial effects at higher Reynolds numbers. The coupled framework simultaneously resolves the flow field, pressure field, and interface migration. Numerical simulations were compared with transparent‐chamber dynamic water grouting experiments and showed reasonable agreement in slurry diffusion morphology, pressure evolution, and asymmetric propagation in the with‐flow and against‐flow directions. Results show that the hydraulic gradient strongly controls slurry diffusion under flowing‐water conditions. The diffusion front advances farther downstream, while upstream propagation is restricted by hydraulic back pressure. The pressure field evolves from an initial transient state to a quasi‐steady regime, with pressure accumulation near the injection point and asymmetric attenuation along the flow direction. Slurry velocity decreases progressively with time, and high‐viscosity zones expand and shift downstream. The proposed model provides a useful numerical tool and theoretical basis for optimizing grouting design and predicting slurry diffusion in complex hydrogeological environments.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Implementation of the Transformed Stress Method for 3D Generalization of Soil Constitutive Models","authors":"Yu Tian, Neimeng Zheng, Yangping Yao, Dechun Lu, Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1002/nag.70453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70453","url":null,"abstract":"Conducting three‐dimensional (3D) numerical simulation is of great importance for accurately analyzing the stress and deformation of complex geotechnical structures. The transformed stress (TS) method provides an ingenious theory for the 3D generalization of soil constitutive models, but studies on its numerical implementation are limited. This paper first illustrates the basic idea of the TS method by showing how to obtain a 3D yield surface from the triaxial compression yield locus. According to the evolution trend of the Matsuoka‐Nakai yield locus on the deviatoric plane, a revised expression is proposed to determine the TS tensor when tensile stress appears. As an example, the Modified Cam‐clay model is generalized to be 3D, and its stress integration is implemented using the closest point projection method. Partial derivatives of the TS are efficiently calculated by the implicit differentiation method, while various singularity problems in special cases are overcome. Single‐element testing under different loading conditions and tunnel excavation simulation demonstrate that the proposed stress integration algorithm has high accuracy and strong convergence. Based on this work, the potential capability of the TS method in geotechnical structure analysis is displayed.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}