International Journal of Climatology最新文献

{"title":"Scenario-Dependent Future Trends of Consecutive Dry Days From July to September: A Case Study for Hungary","authors":"Anna Kis,&nbsp;Rita Pongrácz","doi":"10.1002/joc.8903","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8903","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The maximum number of consecutive dry days using the threshold of 3 mm (CDD3) of daily precipitation is analysed for Hungary from July to September for the period 2004–2100. Summer is the wettest season in Hungary and has a key role in the growing processes of plants; therefore, the projected increase of potential drought conditions in these months is highly important. One of the novelties of the present study is analysing CDD3, which represents extreme drought well and has the advantage of being calculated from daily precipitation. The HuClim dataset is used for investigating the past (i.e., 1971–2023), while for the future (2041–2100) the multi-model mean of six regional climate model simulations is analysed, taking into account three different RCP scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). In order to eliminate the systematic errors of climate model simulations, a simple bias-correction was applied to the calculated index. According to our results, the average value of CDD3 was 21 days in 2004–2023, and by 2081–2100 it can exceed 25 days if the RCP8.5 scenario is taken into account. Moderate long CDD3 is likely to occur less frequently, but extreme long CDD3 is projected to occur in more than 4 years within a 20-year-long period by the end of the 21st century in the central parts of Hungary, in the case of RCP8.5. The RCP2.6 scenario does not show substantial changes compared to the present conditions, while in the case of RCP4.5 the greatest drying trend is simulated for the period 2061–2080. Overall, more frequent and more intense drought periods are projected for the next decades in the case of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. This may induce adverse effects on agriculture (e.g., yield loss), which highlights the importance of adaptation strategies, as food security is a key issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joc.8903","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation on Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Southwest Pacific","authors":"Tolulope Emmanuel Oginni,&nbsp;James Renwick,&nbsp;Erik Behrens","doi":"10.1002/joc.8899","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8899","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropical cyclones (TCs) are modulated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on interannual timescales as ENSO impacts tropical sea surface temperatures (SST) and atmospheric conditions, especially in the Pacific basin. The frequency, intensity, startup SST, windshear, and life cycle of TCs vary between ENSO phases and TC seasons. Previous research focused on the Southwest Pacific (SWP) Basin has consistently shown that during El Niño phases, TCs tend to form more towards the central Pacific, while during La Niña, their formation shifts towards the northeast coast of Australia. Also, TCs form more frequently during the late TC seasons than during the early TC seasons. Here, TC genesis is assessed using a Coupled ENSO Index (using Niño 3.4 SST and the Southern Oscillation index [SOI]) and a grouping into early (October–January) and late (February–May) TC seasons, in the decades from 1971 to 2020. We find that though the number of TCs in SWP is decreasing over the years, their SST at genesis and maximum wind speed are increasing, generating more intense TCs over the SWP basin. TCs formed during El Niño are more intense in comparison to those formed during La Niña even though there is no significant difference in their SST at genesis. We find that the threshold of environmental factors responsible for cyclogenesis in SWP is gradually changing, leading to more severe TC events in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joc.8899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winter Wind Trends and the Status of House Windbreaks in the Northwestern Kanto Plain, Japan","authors":"Yoshitaka Koshina","doi":"10.1002/joc.8894","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8894","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Windbreaks heve been utilised in rural areas worldwide as protection against strong winds. Research indicates that winds blowing orthogonally to windbreaks have the greatest effect. However, it has been reported that wind patterns have changed in many parts of the world and may continue to change in the future. In this context, it may be necessary to consider changes in the nature of winds blowing around windbreaks based on meteorological data. This study has two main objectives. Firstly, to ascertain whether there have been changes in the frequency and predominant wind direction on days with strong winds. Secondly, to assess how the effectiveness of windbreaks has changed in response to long-term wind changes. The study area was chosen in a region where windbreaks have historically been established to shield homes from strong winds, but some owners have had their trees cut down. Thus, not only winds but the condition of windbreaks is also changing. Regarding the first objective, the findings suggested a change in the wind direction. However, no change in wind speed was observed that could be attributed to climate change. Regarding the second objective, a situation was identified where wind blew into an area normally protected by windbreaks when strong winds blew from a direction assumed to be “the new” wind direction.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility and Trends of Extreme Climate Indices in Japan: Insights From Dynamical JRA-55 Downscaling","authors":"Kazuyo Murazaki,&nbsp;Tosiyuki Nakaegawa,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kawase","doi":"10.1002/joc.8892","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8892","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dynamical downscaling (DDS) datasets play a crucial role in understanding regional climate patterns and extreme weather events. This study evaluates the reproducibility of extreme climate indices in Japan using two DDS datasets based on the JRA-55 reanalysis for the period 1979–2012. A total of 48 extreme climate indices were analysed to assess biases, interannual variability, and trends in precipitation and temperature by comparing the DDS datasets with AMeDAS observations, a high-resolution automated meteorological observation network in Japan. Both DDS datasets reasonably captured interannual variability, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.6 for many indices. However, systematic biases and underestimations of trend magnitudes were observed. For precipitation indices, DS-run (DDS using the Non-Hydrostatic Model, NHM) generally exhibited a consistent tendency toward negative biases across most areas, while RC-run (DDS using the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model, NHRCM) showed relatively smaller biases in some regions but larger negative biases in the Southwest Islands (area 7). For temperature indices, both runs successfully reproduced interannual variability. However, the RC-run showed pronounced negative biases in TX-related indices, particularly TXm and TXn, while the DS-run exhibited slightly larger biases for TXx. Positive biases were more common in TN-related indices, especially in area 1. Trend analyses revealed regionally varying patterns. Both DDS runs captured the direction of observed trends for most indices across all regions, with high agreement in trend sign. However, agreement in trend magnitude and statistical significance varied depending on index type and region. Although each DDS run exhibited distinct characteristics, both shared common biases, highlighting the need for further improvements in model performance. These findings suggest the importance of careful model evaluation when using DDS outputs for climate impact assessments and offer useful insights for future model improvement and the development of downscaling strategies in Japan.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Variations of Meteorological Drought in Türkiye and Its Linkage With Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation","authors":"Hakki Baltaci,&nbsp;Sevda Merve Alyagut,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Lemos da Silva,&nbsp;Helber Barros Gomes","doi":"10.1002/joc.8901","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, long-term variations of dry and wet events, and large-scale atmospheric circulation mechanisms triggering drought conditions are investigated for Türkiye. For this purpose, meteorological data of 92 stations are used for the period 1965–2020. For drought conditions, 0.5° × 0.5° monthly gridded values of the Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI-1 month) are used for the period 1903–2022. Later, the role of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East Atlantic/West Russia (EA/WR) patterns on regional dry/wet seasons is investigated. Synoptic mechanisms causing extreme dry/wet events in the Aegean Region (AR) of Türkiye are examined using NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data. According to the main results, statistically significant negative trends of SPEI-1 month values are observed, especially in the western (AR) and southern (Mediterranean: MeR and Southeastern Anatolia: SEAR) regions during the winter and summer seasons. Additionally, we have found that temperature increments lead to more frequent summertime drought events in these regions, particularly during July (correlation coefficient [<i>r</i>] results are −0.58, −0.60 and − 0.61 for AR, MeR and SEAR, respectively). The impact of the NAO on drought events is more significant during the winter and summer months. During the positive phases of winter NAO conditions, the Azores surface high is located over the eastern Mediterranean Basin and causes atmospheric blockage, resulting in severe drought conditions in western Türkiye (precipitation in AR is 60% less than normal and regional temperature is 1.5°C below normal). Conversely, during summer NAO (−) phases, light northerly winds transfer dry air from northern terrestrial regions to the AR as a result of the interaction between the expanded Azores surface high and the surface Asiatic monsoon low. Prolonged above-normal temperatures at low levels of the atmosphere and dry air at the surface result in more frequent and intense drought conditions over western Türkiye (AR temperatures are 1.2°C above normal). The results of this study can help managers understand the large-scale atmospheric role in the occurrence of meteorological drought and to cope with drought events by reducing drought impacts on different sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joc.8901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wintertime Trends in Directional Variability and Intensity of Westerly Air Flow in the Polar Jet Region","authors":"Jan Degirmendžić,&nbsp;Michał Marosz","doi":"10.1002/joc.8886","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8886","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the current scientific debate, considerable attention is given to identifying changes in the midlatitude upper-tropospheric wind field that may be associated with Arctic warming. The air flow patterns, such as waviness, blocking and splitting, are among the most frequently studied. In this paper, we analyse changes in both the geometry and intensity of the westerly flow within the polar front jet (PFJ) stream sector. For this purpose, we introduce zonally defined circular statistics. Significant changes in the wind field were detected in the northern flank of the PFJ, close to the Arctic border. In this region, the directional variability of the wind vector calculated in the latitudinal domain increases over a multi-year period, and the latitudinal series of wind vectors becomes increasingly deflected from the purely zonal West-to-East direction. The most significant deflection trend is observed for northerly winds. Wind rose diagrams constructed for the Arctic boundary latitude band complement the picture of these changes, indicating an increased frequency of wind vectors from the N-E-S semicircle during the period 2001–2022 relative to 1980–2000. Alongside changes in flow geometry, the entire sector also experiences PFJ dissipation. The sign of the trends reverses in the southern flank of the PFJ; however, wind directional changes do not reach statistical significance. Within this flank, the PFJ and the subtropical jet (STJ) occur more frequently, which is accompanied by the stabilisation of westerly flow directions. These results support the hypothesis that, in the era of Arctic Amplification, non-zonal or irregular flow patterns are intensifying in the upper-tropospheric polar latitudes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relative Role of Different Mechanisms of Northward-Propagating Intraseasonal Oscillation Over the Indian Ocean, the South China Sea, and the Western North Pacific","authors":"Bin Zheng,&nbsp;Jingxuan Qu,&nbsp;Yanyan Huang,&nbsp;Dongdong Peng,&nbsp;Ruping Huang","doi":"10.1002/joc.8896","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have proposed several well-recognised mechanisms for the northward-propagating boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations (BSISOs), while their relative roles tend to be qualitatively analysed. In the present study, based on the planetary boundary layer (PBL) moisture mode theory and the associated moisture budget equation, we quantitatively calculated the contribution of each mechanism, including PBL moisture advection, vertical easterly wind shear, vorticity advection, and external sea surface temperature (SST) forcing, to the northward propagation of BSISO by using the Japanese 55-year reanalysis (JRA-55). The results show that the dominant mechanisms are the vertical easterly wind shear effect (51.75%–56.1% of the positive contribution) and the SST forcing (18.89%–23.6%) over the Indian Ocean, the vertical easterly wind shear effect (40.72%–51.87%) and the vorticity advection effect (24.65%–31.4%) over the South China Sea, and the vorticity advection effect (56.37%–65.67%) and the air-sea interaction (19.92%–22.2%) over the western North Pacific, which favour the PBL moisture asymmetry, and then the northward-propagating BSISOs. Moisture advection is a supplementary mechanism, while the contributions of vertical moisture advection and nonlinear effects can be ignored in all three regions. These results help us to further understand the northward propagation mechanism of ISO in the Asia-Pacific monsoon region, provide a clear reference for diagnosing persistent extreme weather associated with ISO, and provide quantitative criteria for evaluating tropical ISO propagation in numerical models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictability of the Onset of the Rainy Season Across Thailand: Mechanisms and Non-Stationary Behaviour","authors":"Vincent Moron,&nbsp;Chalump Oonariya,&nbsp;Chaowat Siwapornchai,&nbsp;John L. McBride","doi":"10.1002/joc.8884","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8884","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The onset of the rainy season across 36 stations of Thailand is analysed from 1951 to 2022. The country-scale mean onset occurs in late April with an interannual standard deviation of 11.5 days. It tends to be anomalously late (respectively, early) during decaying warm (respectively, cold) El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Warm ENSO events delay the onset through a deep anticyclonic anomaly over the western North Pacific, intensification of the southern margins of the subtropical westerly jet, sustained easterly low-level anomalies north of the equator and an anomalous anticyclonic circulation combined with in situ cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the tropical NW Pacific. The predictability of the country-scale onset from February or March SST is large and statistically significant from ~1980, suggesting a high level of confidence for operational forecasts. However, the analysis of 1950–1970s reveals a lack of stationarity to the extent that the SST–onset relationships were then hardly present. Consistently, the spatial coherence of the local-scale onset as well as its predictability and its interannual variability all increase from the start to the end of the period. This non-stationarity seems fundamentally due to a change in the seasonal structure of the decay of warm ENSO events themselves, that is, from ~1980 onwards, they last longer retaining warm equatorial Eastern Pacific SST anomalies through the boreal spring, while the decaying cold ENSO events have undergone no clear change in seasonality. In consequence, in recent decades, the warm ENSO events significantly impact the April–May atmospheric structure over South East Asia, thus delaying the rainy season onset across Thailand. A long-term significant warming SST has occurred over the tropical North West Pacific, which may potentially reduce the impact of warm ENSO events by reducing the in situ anticyclonic anomaly.</p>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joc.8884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Regional Climate Model ALARO-0 Over the CORDEX-Africa Domain","authors":"Laura Decorte,&nbsp;Michiel Van Ginderachter,&nbsp;Erna Blancquaert,&nbsp;Sam Crauwels,&nbsp;Rafiq Hamdi","doi":"10.1002/joc.8895","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8895","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-resolution climate data is needed for assessing the regional and local impact of climate change. Therefore, in this study, for the first time, a simulation at the resolution of 12.5 km was done over the African domain using the regional climate model ALARO-0. This simulation was evaluated using multiple reference datasets, including observations, a reanalysis dataset, and other model simulations. In general, the performance of ALARO-0 in simulating mean monthly and seasonal temperature was comparable to the references. However, ALARO-0 systematically underestimated the daily temperature range, with biases similar to or higher than those of other regional climate model runs over Africa. Some notable biases were found for precipitation, with a tendency towards overestimation over most African regions. ALARO-0 is, however, outperforming the other existing model runs in estimating both the timing of the onset and the unimodal shape of the West African monsoon rainfall. A relatively large spread of precipitation values in the observational datasets was observed, especially over highly elevated areas, which makes the evaluation of the models over these regions difficult and less reliable. To conclude, ALARO-0 shows potential as a regional climate model over Africa, as in general, the performance in simulating mean temperature and precipitation was satisfactory and in accordance with other models and observations. Bias corrections are, however, needed over certain regions or when simulating minimum and maximum temperature, as biases could reach high values.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of Heatwaves: Characteristics and Trends in Selected Ghanaian Cities","authors":"Cosmos Senyo Wemegah,&nbsp;Edmund I. Yamba,&nbsp;Emmanuel Quansah,&nbsp;Emmanuel K. Nyantakyi,&nbsp;Leonard K. Amekudzi","doi":"10.1002/joc.8889","DOIUrl":"10.1002/joc.8889","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heatwaves and extreme weather events exert significant impacts on human life, property and socioeconomic development. These heatwaves can lead to heatstroke, kidney failure, cardiovascular diseases, droughts, stunted growth, crop failure, wildfires and increased energy consumption for cooling. Climate change further exacerbates their effects, particularly in urban areas where excessive heat accumulates. Despite the substantial risks posed by heatwaves, Ghana lacks awareness and a standardised metric for characterising these events. To address this gap, we analysed observed maximum and minimum temperatures spanning 1960–2018 to identify heatwaves and assess their characteristics and trends. Our findings revealed that heatwaves occur during both daytime and nighttime, often coinciding with major crises such as the 1983 drought, wildfires, power rationing and economic recession. Across cities, heatwaves are becoming more frequent, especially at night. Tamale experiences stronger and more persistent heatwaves than other cities, while Accra shows a faster warming trend. The study provides evidence-based insights, creating the foundation for monitoring and assessing heatwaves in Ghana. This work lays the groundwork for developing early warning systems to mitigate risks associated with extreme heat events. Furthermore, the study's findings will inform public health authorities and policymakers, enabling them to implement targeted measures safeguarding citizens from climate-related threats and advancing progress towards Sustainable Development Goals 3, 11, 13 and 15.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climatology","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}