International Journal of Agriculture and Biology最新文献_第4页

Residual Potential of Dexamethasone and its Effect on Goat Milk 地塞米松的残留潜力及其对羊奶的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1895

Muhammad Atif Khan

{"title":"Residual Potential of Dexamethasone and its Effect on Goat Milk","authors":"Muhammad Atif Khan","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1895","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone (DXM) on clinical, residual and milk composition parameters in goat. For this, 0.5 mg/kg BW dose of DXM was administered once daily for 3 consecutive days. Milk samples were collected before and after drug administration at 2, 8, 16, 32, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 h. Pulse rate and respiratory rate were increased (P ˂ 0.05) in at 2, 8, 16, 32, 48 and 72 and 96 h While, the rectal temperature was increased (P < 0.05) only at 02 h post drug administration. The highest residual level of DXM was noticed at 32 h (2.70 ng/mL) and lowest at 168 h (0.25 ng/mL) in milk. Milk Fat increased (P ˂ 0.01) at 32, 48 and 72 h and (P < 0.05) at 2, 8, 16, 96,120 h and then gradually returned to pre-treatment value at 144 h. The mean milk protein level was increased (P ˂ 0.01) at 8, 16, 32, 48, 72 and 120 h and (P < 0.05) at 2 and 96 h. Milk Solid Not Fat level was increased (P < 0.05) at 16, 32, 48, 72 and 96 h, however, at 120 h this increase was (P < 0.01). Milk yield decreased (P ˃ 0.05) from 2 – 16 h as compared to control then, decreased (P < 0.05) at 32, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 h post DXM administration. It has been concluded that the therapeutic dose of DXM 0.5 mg/kg BW once daily for 3 consecutive days produced significant effects on clinical, residual level and milk composition parameters in goat. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44083966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density Effects on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Direct Seeded Rape (Brassica napus) 施氮量和密度对直播油菜产量和氮素利用效率的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1897

Qiang Zhao

{"title":"Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density Effects on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Direct Seeded Rape (Brassica napus)","authors":"Qiang Zhao","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1897","url":null,"abstract":"The high yield of crops mainly depends on the interaction between nitrogen (N) fertilization and planting density. The present study evaluated the influence of different N application rates and planting density on the yield and N utilization efficiency of direct seeded rape during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 growing seasons. The three N application rates including 108 kg N ha−1, 144 kg N ha−1 and 180 kg N ha−1 were laid out into main plots while planting density including 15.0 × 104, 22.5 × 104, 30.0 × 104 and 37.5 × 104 plants ha−1 respectively into sub-plots. The results showed that suitable planting density was the premise to gain high rapeseed yield and the contribution of planting density to rapeseed yield was small when it surpassed a certain value. The highest yield in the two growing seasons was achieved at 144 kg N ha−1 with planting density of 30.0 × 104 plants ha−1. The rapeseed yield increased linearly as N uptake of the seed part increased, but at high planting density, there was no increase in yield with the increase N uptake of non-seed parts (stem + husk) when rapeseed yield exceeded a certain value. High planting densities raised shoot N uptake and N transfer to rapeseed seeds with the increase of density and N utilization efficiency was also improved. The too much N application resulted in more N accumulation in non-seed parts without increasing production. Under the same target yield, the increased planting density can save 32.4–65.7% of N fertilization compared with the conventional planting density. The combination of different N fertilization rates and planting densities is helpful to increase rapeseed yield. The best N management strategy is to achieve high yield and reduce the environmental risk to reduce the N fertilization at suitable high density. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47306426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Characterization of Rhizospheric Bacillus Strains SG36 and SG42 for Decolorization of Reactive Yellow 2 Dye and Vigna radiata Growth Promotion in Dye Contaminated Soil 根际芽孢杆菌SG36和SG42对活性黄2染料的脱色及对染料污染土壤辐射豇豆生长的促进作用

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1893

Yasir Bilal

{"title":"Characterization of Rhizospheric Bacillus Strains SG36 and SG42 for Decolorization of Reactive Yellow 2 Dye and Vigna radiata Growth Promotion in Dye Contaminated Soil","authors":"Yasir Bilal","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1893","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of agricultural soils with textile wastewaters loaded with synthetic dyes is one of the emerging issues because the presence of dyes in the soils not only affects the biological characteristics of the soils but also the germination and productivity of agricultural crops. The present study reports the characterization of two multifunctional bacterial strains Bacillus sp. SG36 and Bacillus sp. SG42, which have the potential not to promote the growth of plants in soil under stress due to reactive yellow 2 (RY2) dye but also the capability to cope with this dye through its decolorization. The strains were isolated from a rhizospheric soil repeatedly contaminated with colored textile wastewaters. Both the strains had optimal RY2 decolorization potential at slightly alkaline pH (7.5) and even in the presence of significant amount of NaCl (50 g L-1) in the medium. The strains harbor the phosphorus solubilization and indole acetic acid production potentials in concurrence with decolorization of RY2. In a pot experiment, the strains SG36 and SG42 were found to significantly promote the growth (Shoot/root length, shoot/root fresh weight) of mung bean (Vigna radiate) in non-contaminated and RY2 contaminated soils in parallel with RY2 decolorization in the soil. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43610421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Rapid Microtiter Assay to Evaluate Fungicide Sensitivity to Colletotrichum falcatum Isolates 快速微量滴定法评价杀菌剂对镰孢炭疽菌分离株的敏感性

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1902

Renato de Carvalho Menezes

引用次数: 0

Validation of Functioning Resistant Genes against Malaysian Biotype of Brown Planthopper in Rice Variety, Rathu Heenati 水稻品种Rathu Heenati对马来西亚褐飞虱生物型功能抗性基因的验证

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1896

Mohamad Bahagia Ab Ghaffar

{"title":"Validation of Functioning Resistant Genes against Malaysian Biotype of Brown Planthopper in Rice Variety, Rathu Heenati","authors":"Mohamad Bahagia Ab Ghaffar","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1896","url":null,"abstract":"Rathu Heenati is a donor parent commonly used in the development of resistant rice varieties against brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, which is a devastating insect pest of rice. The variety is reported to have a broad-spectrum resistance against BPH, through the action of multiple genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) including Bph3, Qbph3, Qbph4 and Qbph10. The present study was carried out to validate the effectiveness of those genes against Malaysian BPH population. The study was conducted using an F2 segregating population which was obtained from a cross between Rathu Heenati and a Malaysian commercial variety, MR219. Plant damage score was used to estimate the degree of plant tolerance, while the amount of honeydew excretion was used to measure the level of antibiosis. The gene presence in an individual plant was determined based on the segregation pattern of the flanking microsatellite markers of the respective reported genes. Results confirmed the role of Bph3 and the three other QTLs in conferring resistance against the Malaysian biotype of BPH. Marker assisted breeding can facilitate the monitoring of the introgressed genes in the plants of a breeding population. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44729287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Impact of Rosemary Chitosan Microemulsion Effect on Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes Dipping in Chicken Meat Stored at 4˚C 迷迭香壳聚糖微乳液对4℃冷藏鸡肉中大肠杆菌和单核增生李斯特菌的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1900

Dalia Y. Youssef

{"title":"Assessment of the Impact of Rosemary Chitosan Microemulsion Effect on Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes Dipping in Chicken Meat Stored at 4˚C","authors":"Dalia Y. Youssef","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1900","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the potential use of the Rosemarry (REO) microemulsion with/without chitosan to assess the growth inhibition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria represented by Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. The chicken samples were divided into four groups after inoculation of E. coli and L. monocytogenes separately: control group (without treatment), 1% chitosan nanoparticle treatment group, 0.5% REO microemulsion treatment group, and 0.5% REO + 1% chitosan microemulsion treatment group. Chicken samples were dipped into the treatments for 15 days of refrigerated storage at 4°C. All groups were kept refrigerated, and bacterial counts were taken on days 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15. Chitosan nanoparticle and REO microemulsion with/without chitosan were spherical shape and showed a narrow size distribution of 23.98 ± 0.83, 34.24 ± 2.2 and 28.01 ± 1.36 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.86, 0.33 and 0.54, respectively indicating that greater homogeneity was achieved. REO chitosan microemulsion has 12 components detected by GC-Mass as follows: pinene (22.21%), borneol (21.32%), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanoneoxime (3.48%), oxocamphor (0.49%), camphor (2.99%), limonene (0.29%), cis-linalool oxide (0.87), 2-(5-chloro-methoxyphenyl) pyrrole (2.19%), homofarnesol (0.27%), levoverbenone (0.45%), peruviol (0.73%) and campesterol (1.22%). The results showed a substantial reduction in L. monocytogenes and E. coli count in all treatment groups when compared to the control group, with the greatest inhibitory efficacy in the 0.5% REO chitosan microemulsion group. A favorable effect of chitosan treatment on chicken acceptability during refrigerated storage was reported, with an improvement in the sensory qualities of the products. Thus, REO chitosan microemulsion is advised to be used in chicken to enhance resistance to harmful microorganisms. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) 光绿施肥对生菜生长和磷吸收的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1892

A. Jama-Rodzeńska

{"title":"The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)","authors":"A. Jama-Rodzeńska","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1892","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of Phosgreen fertilizer on the growth, development and biometric traits of lettuce was determined in comparison to superphosphate on two selected horticultural media. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of Phosgreen on the basis of the reaction of tested plants. Lettuce was grown on two horticultural media: mineral soil and deacidified peat. This study determined phosphorus content and uptake as a phosphorus fertilizer effect on different horticultural media. Lettuce developed and grew better on deacidified peat. Based on this study, it can be concluded that struvite is a phosphorus fertilizer with great potential and warrants further testing. A significant increase in lettuce head mass, number of leaves and rosette width under the influence of struvite was found compared to control conditions. The increase in rosette mass compared to the control was approximately 54%. The width of the rosette increased by circa 32% due to the use of Phosgreen compared to the control and by 3% compared to superphosphate. Both P content and uptake by lettuce under Phosgreen was comparable to that under superphosphate. Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd content in lettuce leaves under Phosgreen fertilization was comparable to that under superphosphate. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46934242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Nanoparticles Derived from Active Metabolites of Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 against Phytophthora Rot of Durian 铜毛霉CC3003抗榴莲疫霉活性代谢物制备的纳米颗粒

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1894

R. Tongon

{"title":"Nanoparticles Derived from Active Metabolites of Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 against Phytophthora Rot of Durian","authors":"R. Tongon","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1894","url":null,"abstract":"Phytophthora rot of durian (Durio zibetinus L.) is a serious disease wherever the crop has been planted and the disease control customarily uses chemical fungicides reported to be resistant by pathogen. Alternative non-chemical control strategies are being investigated to produce safe food. The main objective of this research was to test the activity of metabolites from Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 in the form of crude materials and nanoparticles to control and induce immunity to Phytophthora palmivora causing rot of durian var. Monthong. The results showed that P. palmivora proved to be pathogenic to durian var. Monthong. C. cupreum CC3003 acted as an antagonist and P. palmivora was confirmed as the pathogen by morphological and molecular genetic identification. Effective doses (ED50) of CC-E, CC-H and CC-M crude metabolites for spore inhibition were 60, 97 and 140 mg.kg-1, respectively. The research findings found that the diameters of nano CC-E, nano CC-H and nano CC-M were 534, 499 and 537 nm, respectively. The nano CC-E, nano CC-H and nano CC-M demonstrated antifungal activity against P. palmivora with ED50 of 11, 13 and 16 mg.kg-1, respectively. The nanoparticles at low concentrations were more effective than crude metabolites at high concentrations. Nano-CC-E used to treat seedlings of durian resulted in the production of scopoletin which served as an immunity agent or elicitor against rot disease of durian. It is concluded that active metabolites derived from C. cupreum significantly inhibited P. palmivora and induced immunity through phytoalexin production. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41919584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Different Doses of Acute Gamma Radiation on the Cultivation of Volvariella volvacea 不同剂量急性伽玛辐射对草粪栽培的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1898

Fatin Nabilah Fisol

{"title":"Effect of Different Doses of Acute Gamma Radiation on the Cultivation of Volvariella volvacea","authors":"Fatin Nabilah Fisol","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1898","url":null,"abstract":"In mushroom cultivation, acute gamma radiation can be used and studied to improve the production of its fruiting body. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of gamma radiation on the mycelial growth and production of the fruiting body of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.) Singer. The mycelia were exposed to gamma radiation at various doses: 0 (control), 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 Gy. The irradiated mycelial growth rate was recorded on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and spawning substrate. The spawn was then produced by inoculating the treated mycelia on paddy straw and subsequently cultivated on an empty fruit bunch to compare the production. The result showed no significant difference in mycelial growth rate on wheat, the number of mushrooms, and mushroom weight between control and treatments of 300, 600 and 900 Gy. However, there was the presence of hairy structures on the fruiting bodies of V. volvacea in all spawns with irradiated mycelia and the production of clustered fruiting bodies from spawns treated with 1200 Gy observed. The effect of treatments on the texture of fruiting bodies was insignificant. Although acute gamma radiation did not significantly increase the production of V. volvacea compared to the control treatment, there were morphological changes observed on the V. volvacea fruiting body which can be studied further. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47401208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modified Atmosphere as an Alternative Measure for Controlling of Sitophilus oryzae Reared on Different Stored Grains 改良大气作为控制不同储粮稻瘟病菌的替代措施

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1901

Muhammad Mohsin

{"title":"Modified Atmosphere as an Alternative Measure for Controlling of Sitophilus oryzae Reared on Different Stored Grains","authors":"Muhammad Mohsin","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1901","url":null,"abstract":"Protection of grains and their products from insect pests remained a big constraint in the way of food security. Current study evaluated the effective exposure time to kill the Sitophilus oryzae (L.), reared on two different diets viz., wheat and maize under six Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. Modified atmospheres (MA) contained 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50% CO2 by volume at ambient temperature, respectively. Twenty S. oryzae adults, along with a 20 g diet, were released in each airtight exposure chamber (150 mL capacity). A measured quantity of CO2 gas (99.9%) was released in exposure chamber by the injection syringe from gas cylinder. Mortality data were recorded after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. The mortality rates varied between the insect cultures reared on maize and wheat diets. S. oryzae, reared on a wheat diet, showed higher mortality after exposure to all CO2 concentrations as compared to the insect culture reared on the maize diet. At 45% CO2concentration, maximum mortality (100%) was observed after 120 h in case of maize reared insects and (100%) after 96 h in case of wheat reared S. oryzae. The results revealed that Carbon dioxide, as an eco-friendly approach, may be used as the best alternative method to minimize the pest infestation in stored products to avoid insecticide resistance development in stored grain insect pests. The Carbon dioxide is not included in the category of toxic gases and has no detrimental or residual effect in the stored grains. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49535340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0