International Journal of Agriculture and Biology最新文献_第3页

Effects of Dicyandiamide on Physiology and Nitrate Accumulation of Hydroponic Cherry Radish 双氰胺对水培樱桃萝卜生理及硝酸盐积累的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1918

Fenghua Wang

{"title":"Effects of Dicyandiamide on Physiology and Nitrate Accumulation of Hydroponic Cherry Radish","authors":"Fenghua Wang","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1918","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrate is an important factor affecting the safety of vegetables. How to reduce the content of nitrate has become a common concern in vegetable production. The effect of dicyandiamide (DCD) on physiology and nitrate accumulation was studied using hydroponic cherry radish as material, in order to lay a foundation for production radish with better quality. The results showed that DCD treatment increased the content of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), carotenoid (Car) and anthocyanin while decreased Chl-b content. Treatment with 3% DCD reduced the nitrate content while 6% DCD increased it compared with the control. Furthermore, higher the nitrate content, lower was the nitrate reductase (NR) activity, which suggested that there was a negative correlation between nitrate content and NR activity in leaves of cherry radish. The stomatal density of leaves was almost the same between 3% DCD and the control, while it was lower under 6% DCD. To sum up, DCD significantly affected the photosynthetic pigment content of cherry radish, which may affect the photosynthesis. DCD also reduced the nitrate accumulation as well as increased the Car and anthocyanin content. These findings suggested that application of DCD may be an approval measurement to improve safety and appearance quality of hydroponic cherry radish. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into Transgenic Vegetables: Progress and Prospects 转基因蔬菜研究进展与展望

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1904

U. Mohapatra

引用次数: 0

Biological Control Potential of Trichoderma Species and Bacterial Antagonists against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Canola in Western Australia 西澳大利亚油菜木霉及细菌拮抗菌核病的生物防治潜力

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1919

B. N. Hidayah

{"title":"Biological Control Potential of Trichoderma Species and Bacterial Antagonists against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Canola in Western Australia","authors":"B. N. Hidayah","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1919","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen fungal and three bacterial biological control agents (F-BCA and B-BCA, respectively) were isolated from the canola production areas of Western Australia to investigate their potential for controlling sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum under in vitro and field conditions. The capacity of these isolates to inhibit mycelial growth and sclerotia formation by S. sclerotiorum was assessed in dual culture tests in Petri dishes. Using Sanger Sequencing of the ITS regions, the F-BCAs were identified as Trichoderma atroviride (four isolates), T. gamsii (three isolates), T. koningiopsis (two isolates), T. longibrachiatum (two isolates), T. paraviridescens (two isolates), T. pseudokoningii (one isolate) and T. viridescens (one isolate). Four of the seven Trichoderma species (T. koningiopsis, T. gamsii, T. atroviride and T. viridescens) are reported for the first time from Western Australia. 16S rRNA sequencing identified B-BCA1 and B-BCA2 as Serratia proteamaculans and B-BCA3 as Ochrobactrum anthropi. There were significant differences among F-BCAs (P≤0.001) in their effect on radial mycelial growth (40–60% inhibition) and sclerotia formation (65–100% inhibition). Two isolates of T. atroviride (F-BCA12 and F-BCA15) completely blocked sclerotial formation of the pathogen on Potato dextrose agar + 10 ppm/L Aureomycin (PDAA). Incubation of sclerotia in soil inoculated with F-BCA indicated that sclerotia were colonized by the conidia of each F-BCA, and all sclerotia in the presence of F-BCAs failed to germinate on PDAA. The B-BCAs reduced radial mycelial growth by 57–59% and formation of sclerotia by 89–95%. Selected isolates of F-BCAs (T. koningiopsis and T. atroviride) and B-BCAs (O. anthropi and S. proteamaculans) significantly reduced disease incidence of S. sclerotiorum under glasshouse and field conditions. Field efficacy of tested BCAs was similar or better than the commercial fungicide Prosaro®. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43005079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effect of Various Mulches on Soil Chemical Properties and Rhizosphere Bacteria of Wine Grape (Vitis vinifera) 不同覆盖层对酿酒葡萄（Vitis vinifera）土壤化学性质及根际细菌的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1913

Peng Jiang

{"title":"Effect of Various Mulches on Soil Chemical Properties and Rhizosphere Bacteria of Wine Grape (Vitis vinifera)","authors":"Peng Jiang","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1913","url":null,"abstract":"Mulching has been used widely to improve the production capacity of the soil, yield and the quality of wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon). However, the ecological mechanisms underlying the mulching materials were not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different mulching materials on soil chemical properties, bacterial community and wine grape quality. Experiments were performed at a grape-yard on the six-year-old wine grape ‘Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet sauvignon. Five kinds of mulching materials include living turfgrass (Grass), living Herba portulacae (Por), inorganic plastic black film (Film), organic chips of wood (Wood), and grape branches (Branch) were applied, while clean tillage (CK) was treated as a control. Soil chemical properties and grape quality indicators were measured. Soil bacterial community diversity was detected using the Illumina Miseq sequencing for the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Mulching with plastic film, wood chips and Herba portulacae (Por) increased the content of soil organic matter, available N, P and K, total N and P. Film, grass, branch and Por mulching materials improved the content of tannin, anthocyanin, total phenol and titratable acid in grape (p<0.05). Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were abundant bacteria. Mulching with grape branch and portulacae increased the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi phylum, Gemmatimonadaceae family, and decreased Micrococcaceae family and Pseudarthrobacter genus. Mulching with living, organic, or inorganic changed chemical properties and grape quality indicators. These changes might be correlated with the altered soil bacterial community diversity and richness. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42546228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Repellent and Toxic Effects of some Plant Extracts on Subterranean Termite Psammotermes hybostoma (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) 几种植物提取物对地下白蚁(等翅目:鼻白蚁科)的驱避和毒性作用

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1905

Khalid A. Asiry

引用次数: 0

Effects of Mucuna Leaf Meal (Mucuna bracteata) with Blood Parameters, Immune Response and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus 1758) 粘叶粉对鲤鱼血液参数、免疫反应及抗氧化酶活性的影响（林奈1758）

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1910

Hafeef Roshan

{"title":"Effects of Mucuna Leaf Meal (Mucuna bracteata) with Blood Parameters, Immune Response and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus 1758)","authors":"Hafeef Roshan","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1910","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in blood parameters, immunological responses and, activation of antioxidant enzymes of Cyprinus carpio, the fingerlings are being fed Mucuna bracteata leaf meal (MLM) as a rice bran substitute (DORB) were investigated in this study. The trial, which lasted eight weeks, used a total of hundred and eighty fingerlings. In a Completely Randomized Design, four treatment groups were randomly selected, each with fifteen (15) fingerlings and each treatment was reproduced three times (CRD). The following treatments were created using four isonitrogenous (32 percent crude protein) and isocaloric (356 kcal DE/100 g) diets, control (C) had no MLM, but MLM was utilized to replace DORB at 10 percent (T1), 20% (T2) and 30% (T3), respectively. Both muscle and liver alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were considerably elevated (P < 0.05) in the MLM 20% group. There were also significant increases in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity (P 0.05) in the MLM20 and MLM30 groups. There was no significant difference between treatments in serum albumin concentration, total protein, or the ratio albumin/globulin (P > 0.05). MLM20% and MLM30% groups had substantially higher Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) values than the other MLM fed groups (P < 0.05). As a result, the study concludes that mucuna leaf meal derived from M. bracteata can fully replace DORB in the diet of C. carpio without causing any negative effects, while 20% MLM inclusion offered additional benefits. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45215820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Artificial Insemination and the Type of Semen Extender in Improving the Reproductively of Female Rabbits during the Hot Summer Season 夏热期人工授精和精液延长剂对提高雌兔繁殖能力的作用

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1907

Muhammad Atif Khan

{"title":"The Role of Artificial Insemination and the Type of Semen Extender in Improving the Reproductively of Female Rabbits during the Hot Summer Season","authors":"Muhammad Atif Khan","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1907","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to improve the reproductive performance of female rabbits under the high environmental temperature of the summer season using artificial insemination (AI) techniques as compared with natural mating (NM) and defining the better dilution extender that may be used in AI. 45 virgin female New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were employed in this study. Female rabbits were distributed to three groups. First, rabbits were mated by natural mating (NM). Groups two and three, rabbits were mated using AI with tris-citrate-glucose extender and citrate-egg yolk extender, respectively. The experiment lasted July and August months beginning from mating directly and continuing during pregnancy and suckling their bunnies till completion the weaning of offspring. Results showed that significant improvement in conception rate (CR), litter number, bunny weight, and litter weight at birth and weaning were observed in the two groups of AI compared with the first group of NM. P4 levels in the two groups of AI were higher significantly than NM at days 15 and 28 after mating, respectively. AI technique with tris-citrate-glucose extender is better than AI technique with citrate-egg yolk extender in the reproductive performance of female rabbits, especially, under the high environmental temperature of the summer season in Egypt. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49241294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Carotenoids Biosynthesis Genes in Peach 比较转录组分析揭示桃类胡萝卜素生物合成基因

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1909

Haiyan Song

{"title":"Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Carotenoids Biosynthesis Genes in Peach","authors":"Haiyan Song","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1909","url":null,"abstract":"Carotenoids are important substances for the yellow color of peach flesh. In this study, the contents of carotenoids in two yellow flesh peach varieties ('Zhongtao Jinmi' and 'Jinxiang') and one white flesh peach variety ('Bairuyu') were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the carotenoid content in the two yellow flesh peach varieties increased with fruit development and reached the maximum of 25.80 and 27.63 μg.g-1 at the mature stage, while that of the white flesh peach variety remained at a very low level during the whole fruit development period. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during fruit development among the three peach varieties. Among these DEGs, four candidate genes were identified to be potentially involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, including LOC18774744 (encoding UDP-glycosyltransferase 87A1 (UGT87A1)), LOC18792568 (encoding the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 gene (CCD4)), LOC109949966 (an unannotated gene), and LOC18779468 (encoding xyloglucan endoglucosylase/hydrolase protein 8. qRT-PCR confirmed that the expression of LOC109949966 and LOC18779468 in two yellow flesh varieties was significantly higher than that in the white flesh variety, while it was the opposite case for UGT87A1 and CCD4. Therefore, we speculate that CCD4 is directly involved in regulating carotenoid synthesis, while other three genes may play some indirect roles in the process. Our findings are expected to improve the understanding on the mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis in peach. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46034066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neem (Azadirachta indica) Oil Affects Morning Glory (Ipomoea purpurea) Seedling Development 印楝油对牵牛花幼苗发育的影响

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1920

Inês Carolina Grenzel

{"title":"Neem (Azadirachta indica) Oil Affects Morning Glory (Ipomoea purpurea) Seedling Development","authors":"Inês Carolina Grenzel","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1920","url":null,"abstract":"The weed Ipomoea purpurea L. (Convolvulaceae), known generically as morning glory, is an important invasive plant introduced in Brazil, which not only causes significant losses in annual crops, but also makes harvesting difficult and already presents herbicide-tolerant biotypes in the country. In this context, alternative and sustainable ways of managing this plant are sought. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of neem oil on morning glory seeds and seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with six treatments composed of different oil dilutions, applied before and after germination, in addition to the control. Based on the experiment, it was observed that neem oil delayed seed germination by up to 1.4 days, although without significance. On the other hand, seedling fresh weight was severely affected by application after sowing, leading to a symptom of leaf blight. Morning glory seedling survival followed the same pattern, where there was a significant reduction by the application of neem oil only after sowing. It was concluded that neem oil has a phytotoxic effect on I. purpurea seedlings, reducing their survival and fresh weight when applied after germination, as well as influencing (delaying) seed emergence when applied to the soil. The study of the effect of lower concentrations, close to economically viable and practiced in the field, should be carried out in the future. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44332993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Resource Use Efficiencies of Small-Scale Vertical Hydroponic Structures against Growing Plants in Soil 小型垂直水培结构对土壤中植物生长的资源利用效率评价

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.17957/ijab/15.1899

Zikhona Buyeye

{"title":"Evaluation of the Resource Use Efficiencies of Small-Scale Vertical Hydroponic Structures against Growing Plants in Soil","authors":"Zikhona Buyeye","doi":"10.17957/ijab/15.1899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1899","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to investigate the use of small-scale vertical farming structures as an alternative to improving resource use efficiency in agriculture. To achieve this, Fordhook Giant Swiss chard was grown over two cropping seasons between February and November 2019 at the Ukulinga Research Farm in Mkondeni, Pietermaritzburg. The main factor was the growing method. The sub-factors were light provision and nutrient solution concentration. The hydroponic structures had a significantly higher land use efficiency than the plant pot setup (3 041.05 g.m-2 vs 405.89 g.m-2 in cropping season one (CS1), and 3 106.41 g.m-2 vs 464.53 g.m-2 in CS2), p < 0.0005. The crop water productivity of the hydroponic structures was significantly higher than that of the plant pot setup (8.45 g.L-1 vs 5.72 g. L -1 in CS L and 8.44 g.L-1 vs 6.59 g.L-1 in CS2), p < 0.0005 in CS1 and p = 0.014 in CS2. The energy use efficiency of plants grown hydroponically under sunlight (104.25 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 103.43 g. KWh-1 in CS2) was significantly higher than that of plants grown hydroponically under grow lights (12.30 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 12.80 g. KWh-1 in CS2). It was also significantly higher than plants grown in soil under grow lights (8.16 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 9.29 g. KWh-1 in CS2), p < 0.0005. The vertical hydroponic structures had higher resource use efficiencies than soil planting. The research showed that small-scale hydroponic structures can be used to improve agricultural productivity. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers","PeriodicalId":13769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44237212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1