International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives最新文献

{"title":"Repairability of an alkasite composite: Shear bond strength after different surface treatments","authors":"Clemens Lechte ,&nbsp;Rania Darwiche ,&nbsp;Tim Hausdörfer ,&nbsp;Jana Biermann ,&nbsp;Alexandra Schmidt ,&nbsp;Annette Wiegand ,&nbsp;Philipp Kanzow","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess both the repairability of an alkasite composite (base material) and the suitability of an alkasite composite for repairs (repair material) compared to a universal composite used as base and repair material. Different mechanical surface treatments (simulated diamond bur abrasion, air abrasion, silica coating) with or without the additional use of a universal primer were performed. Surface roughness, shear bond strength, and failure modes were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVAs, Weibull analysis, and Chi²-tests (p &lt; 0.05). The base material and the mechanical surface treatment impacted surface roughness (both p &lt; 0.001). The base material did not impact repair bond strength (p = 0.129). For both base materials, air abrasion and silica coating resulted in increased surface roughness compared to control (p ≤ 0.014). Only the mechanical surface treatment, the use of a universal primer, and the applied repair material impacted repair bond strength (all p &lt; 0.001). Overall, mechanical surface treatment by air abrasion or silica coating, application of a universal primer, and repairs using the alkasite composite had a beneficial effect on shear bond strength. The base material, the mechanical surface treatment, and the use of a universal primer impacted the distribution of failure modes (all p &lt; 0.001). For both base materials, most cohesive failures were identified after air abrasion or silica coating. Also, the application of a universal primer led to a higher proportion of cohesive failures. Within the limitations of the study, alkasite composite restorations are suitable for repairs using an alkasite composite or a universal composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of crosslinking strategies on the performance of fluorinated core-shell waterborne acrylate pressure sensitive adhesives","authors":"Cheng Fang ,&nbsp;Chaobo Wu ,&nbsp;Min Gao ,&nbsp;Long Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the development of high-performance core-shell acrylate latex pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) through fluorination and different crosslinking strategies (core-phase and shell-phase crosslinking). The latex was synthesized via a semi-continuous emulsion polymerization process, using (meth)acrylate monomers as the primary components, along with self-crosslinking monomers of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and the fluorinated monomer of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA). During emulsion polymerization, 2–8 wt% ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) (based on total monomers) was introduced into either the core or shell phase to produce a series of fluorinated latexes with varying degrees of crosslinking. A comprehensive evaluation of the latex films was performed using FTIR, XPS, DSC, and TGA, with a focus on surface chemical composition and adhesive properties. The results demonstrate that only introducing EGDMA into the core phase can effectively immobilize fluorinated groups on the film surface. Moreover, the crosslinking strategies allow for precise control over the surface functional groups, tack, and peel strength of the latex films, offering great potential for tailored adhesive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gradient-like thin-walled tube via adhesive bonding for energy absorption","authors":"Jingwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shikuo Wang ,&nbsp;Jingzhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianyi Li ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Ruixian Qin ,&nbsp;Bingzhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gradient wall thickness design is a typical method to enhance the energy absorption efficiency of thin-walled structures. Compared with conventional uniform-thickness thin-walled structures, gradient wall structures are mostly fabricated using electrical discharge wire cutting, which significantly increases their production cost and limits their practical engineering applications. This paper proposes a novel approach to fabricate gradient energy-absorbing structures using adhesive bonded metal plate, which enables rapid fabrication while maintaining energy absorption performance. Mechanical experiments were conducted on adhesive joints to calibrate the constitutive parameters of the adhesive layer and determine the thickness of the adhesive layer and surface treatment conditions. Numerical simulations of the out-of-plane compression and crushing behavior of four adhesive-bonded rectangular tube configurations were carried out to analyze their energy absorption characteristics and structural deformation. Based on the experimentally validated model, the effects of adhesive width ratio and wall thickness of metal plate on the energy absorption for these bonded structures were investigated. Finally, a comparative analysis of the energy absorption performance between adhesive-bonded energy-absorbing structures and traditional gradient-thickness structures was conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the adhesive-bonded structures. The results indicate that increasing the adhesive width and thickness of metal plate within a certain range can significantly improve energy absorption performance. However, further increases lead to significant degradation in specific energy absorption, along with an elevated risk of adhesive layer failure at the structural ends. In addition, compared to traditional gradient thin-walled structures, the bonded structure shows improvements of 22.50 %, 19.97 %, and 6.37 % in EA, MCF, and SEA, respectively, demonstrating excellent energy absorption performance and great potential for application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of furfural-based bio-resins from lignocellulosic waste for eco-friendly wood resins","authors":"Faezeh Askari ,&nbsp;Ali Abdulkhani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Azadfallah ,&nbsp;Yahya Hamzeh ,&nbsp;Alireza Ashori","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-based resins have emerged as promising alternatives to fossil-based resins in the wood products industry, driven by growing environmental concerns and sustainability demands. While traditional formaldehyde-based resins offer strong bonding at low cost, they present significant drawbacks, including hazardous emissions and poor water resistance. This study explores a novel approach to synthesizing bio-resins from diverse lignocellulosic sources: sugarcane bagasse, birch wood, silver cypress wood, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) waste, using hydrogen chloride gas for acid hydrolysis. The research focused on developing furfural-based resins through a three-stage process: controlled acid hydrolysis, extraction, and oxidative concentration of the feedstock materials. We employed multiple characterization techniques—spectroscopic analysis, thermal testing, and rheological measurements—to evaluate the resins' chemical composition, thermal stability, and viscoelastic behavior. Among all feedstocks tested, bagasse-derived resin demonstrated superior performance, achieving the highest furfural yield (31.6 %) and exhibiting exceptional water resistance and thermal stability. These enhanced properties stemmed from efficient cross-linking and the material's naturally high pentosan content. Birch and MDF-derived resins showed intermediate performance characteristics, while cypress-based resins yielded lower stability and production efficiency, reflecting variations in source material composition. Our findings establish that bio-resins, particularly those derived from agricultural residues like bagasse, represent viable replacements for synthetic resins in industrial applications. This research lays the groundwork for optimizing renewable material utilization in eco-friendly resin production, supporting the wood industry's transition toward more sustainable manufacturing practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal adhesion promoters for enhanced adhesion on metal and polymeric substrates","authors":"Monisha Baby ,&nbsp;C.S. Abhina ,&nbsp;K.P. Vijayalakshmi ,&nbsp;C. Suchithra ,&nbsp;M. Ganesan ,&nbsp;R. Pravin ,&nbsp;Dona Mathew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Universal adhesion promoters, capable of performing on different substrates of varying surface energies have been synthesised from 1,4 butane diol diglycidyl ether and monofunctional amines (MFA) like dopamine (DA) and 2-phenylethyl amine. The adhesion promotion efficiency of these primers was investigated in combination with an epoxy-amine based adhesive system. MFA incorporated primer formulations, EADD and EADP showed superior adhesion over both metallic (steel, Cu and Al substrates) as well as polymeric substrates (HDPE and PTFE). A universal priming concept was derived based on the synthesised monofunctional amine (MFA) incorporated epoxy primers. MFA based primers facilitated 1.2–1.5 fold enhancement in adhesive strength on HDPE and PTFE and 2–2.7 fold higher strength for Al, Cu and Steel compared to their uncoated couterparts. Epoxy amine primers without MFA exhibited lower adhesive strength on metallic and polymeric substrates, proving their efficacy. Mechanism of higher adhesion promoting efficiency of catechol and noncatechol based MFA primers were investigated using experimental and computational studies. Noncatechol amine based primer, EADP showed significantly higher strength on metallic and nonmetallic substrates compared to catechol based MFA. This study offers a fast, neutral and scalable coating strategy, suitable for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of corrosion inhibitor modified silane pretreatment on the performance of electrical steel sheets and laminates","authors":"Cornelia Marchfelder ,&nbsp;Gernot M. Wallner ,&nbsp;Marion Reischauer ,&nbsp;Daniel Leidlmair ,&nbsp;Bernhard Strauß","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxy varnishes for stacked electrical steel are essential for further development of renewable energy and electric mobility technologies. To enhance the efficiency of the stator, direct cooling solutions are under development. Adherence of the epoxy insulation to the oxidic surface of electrical steel under service-relevant conditions is essential. Hence, silane- and corrosion inhibitor-based pretreatments were assessed as to their impact on the corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of bonded electrical steel laminates. Low molar mass silanes with glycidyl (GS) or amine (AS) groups were used, along with inorganic and organic corrosion inhibitors, including bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, cer(III)nitrate, benzimidazole and benzotriazole. Corrosion resistance was tested under alternating humidity and temperature (AHT) and via cyclovoltammetry. Moreover, the roll peel strength (RPS) and fatigue crack growth kinetics (FCG) were examined.</div><div>Corrosion tests revealed superior performance for aminosilane pretreatment. Organic inhibitors slightly improved AHT performance. However, aminosilane pretreatment reduced the roll peel strength, whereas glycidylsilane pretreatment with inhibitors had no significant impact. Fracture mechanics testing was much more sensitive resulting in a similar ranking. Assessing the fatigue crack growth performance at elevated temperature and humidity, different failure modes were observed. The reference exhibited mixed-mode failure. In contrast, mainly interfacial failure was detected for the aminosilane pretreatment. Laminates with glycidylsilane pretreatment exhibited a mixed mode and interfacial failure at high and low propagation rates, respectively. Overall, no clear positive effect of the investigated pretreatment systems on the performance of electrical steel laminates was deduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of surface hydrophilicity and graphene transfer on SiO2/Si substrate: Implications for electrical conductivity and optical transparency","authors":"Ahmed F. Abdelaal ,&nbsp;Tahar Laoui ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Billel Salhi ,&nbsp;Mirza R. Akhter","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene, renowned for its exceptional transport properties, stands at the forefront of advanced material science, offering transformative possibilities for next-generation technological applications. Its versatility extends to a myriad of uses, from solar cells and flexible touch screens to gas detection sensors and sophisticated electronic devices. The core of harnessing graphene's full potential lies in perfecting the wet transfer process, a critical step that involves delicately transferring a graphene layer onto a target substrate, such as SiO₂/Si. In this study, we investigate the enhancement of the graphene transfer process by examining the efficacy of three distinct substrate cleaning methods: hydrofluoric acid (HF), piranha solution (PS), and plasma treatment (PT). Our objective is to enhance the wettability of the SiO₂/Si substrate, thereby reducing imperfections in the graphene layer post-transfer. Utilizing advanced characterization techniques such as atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy, we comprehensively investigate the surface properties of both the SiO₂/Si substrate and the graphene layer. Our findings reveal significant enhancements in substrate hydrophilicity following treatment with HF and PT. Specifically, we observe a substantial decrease in the water contact angle, decreasing from 85° in untreated samples to 5° and 15° in HF and PT-treated samples, respectively. Conspicuously, all cleaning methods contributed to minimizing defects in the transferred graphene layer. However, PT emerged as the superior method, demonstrating not only enhanced electrical conductivity but also maintaining commendable optical transparency. These findings are not just incremental improvements but a leap forward in the quest for manufacturing high-caliber graphene-based devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and short-aramid-fiber epoxy (SAFE) toughened adhesive joints between bamboo scrimber and steel substrates treated with resin pre-coating (RPC) method","authors":"Wen Liu ,&nbsp;Shulin Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite structures made from bamboo scrimbers and other wood or even steel substrates have generated increasing attention in construction industries around the world. This study reports an experimental study on the interfacial bonding properties of strengthened adhesive joint between bamboo scrimber and steel substrates by epoxy adhesive. Some toughening techniques are used to enhance the bonding ability of the joint. Firstly, resin pre-coating (RPC) method is applied resin on the bonding surfaces of bamboo scrimber and steel substrates, for the purpose of preventing debonding failure of the interfacial zone. Then carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and short-aramid-fiber epoxy (SAFE) methods are introduced on the basis of RPC method in order to use CNTs or short Kevlar fibers to further strengthen the joints. Last. SAFE/CNTs method is used which is intended to hybrid the advantages of CNTs and SAFE methods. Single shear test (SLS) is used to measure the bonding properties. The result shows that RPC, CNTs, SAFE and SAFE/CNTs methods have apparent effects to improve the bonding ability of the epoxy adhesive joints, in that the average shear strength of their joints increase 2.25, 2.52, 2.56 and 2.65 times compared to the control group, meanwhile, the average shear energy increase 7.05, 7.41, 9.08 and 9.57 times respectively. Moreover, the reinforced joints generate the structural failure in bamboo scrimber substrate while the control joint only has debonding failure on the steel bonding surface. The key reason is that RPC method using acetone diluted resin (without hardener) could penetrate deep into the sub-surface zone of bamboo scrimber, uniting CNTs and SAFE technique, it changes the interfacial zone of the joint into a strong entirety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing adhesion protocols between 3D-printed ceramic-containing composite and resin cement","authors":"Luiza Freitas Brum Souza ,&nbsp;Kétlin Fagundes Teixeira ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Cadore-Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Felipe Somavilla Binotto ,&nbsp;Natália de Freitas Daudt ,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Valandro ,&nbsp;Rafael R. Moraes ,&nbsp;Mutlu Özcan ,&nbsp;Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of resin cement to a 3D-printed ceramic-containing resin composite (PriZma 3D Bio Crown, Makertech) subjected to different adhesive protocols (surface pretreatments and adhesive systems), in both baseline and aging conditions. For this, 3D-printed resin composite slices were fabricated and divided into groups based on adhesive protocols, considering three surface pretreatments: alumina grit-blasting (AlOx), 37 % phosphoric acid (PA), and a combination of both (AlOx + PA); and two adhesive systems: conventional (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M) and universal (Single Bond Universal, 3M). The resin cement (RelyX Ultimate, 3M) cylinder specimens (n = 18) underwent μSBS testing before and after thermocycling (12,000 cycles, 5-55 °C). Surface roughness (R_a and R_z), SEM topography, and failure modes were analyzed. Statistical analysis included One- and Two-Way ANOVA with Tukey tests for roughness and μSBS, respectively, and paired <em>t</em>-test to compare baseline and aging conditions considering the same adhesive protocol (α = 0.05). AlOx + PA with the universal adhesive demonstrated the highest bond strength in both baseline and aged conditions, with a minimal reduction after aging (11.68 %, p = 0.294). The PA-conventional adhesive group had the greatest reduction post-aging (50.32 %, p &lt; 0.001). After aging, AlOx and PA with universal adhesive showed intermediate bond strengths, similar to AlOx + PA-universal, while the use of conventional adhesive resulted in lower bonding performance. In Baseline, AlOx + PA-universal exhibited the highest Weibull modulus, while AlOx + PA-conventional had the lowest. After aging, AlOx + PA-universal remained the highest, differing from the other groups but similar to AlOx + PA-conventional, whereas PA-universal had the lowest modulus. The other groups showed intermediate values without significant differences. The combination of alumina grit-blasting and phosphoric acid with a universal adhesive provides superior and more reliable bond strength under aging conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of acid solutions as intermediate irrigants between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine on radicular adhesive interface","authors":"Miriam Graziele Magro ,&nbsp;Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa ,&nbsp;Antonia Patricia Oliveira Barros ,&nbsp;Marcus Vinicius Reis Só ,&nbsp;Wilfredo Gustavo Escalante-Otárola ,&nbsp;Milton Carlos Kuga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluated the effectiveness of 10 % citric acid or 1 % peracetic acid, and their effects on radicular adhesive interface, when used as intermediate irrigation protocol between 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite and 2 % chlorhexidine in comparison with isopropyl alcohol or saline solution.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>One hundred and twenty root canals were chemical-mechanical prepared. The specimens were distributed in 6 groups (<em>n</em> = 20), according irrigation protocol: sodium hypochlorite and EDTA (SHS-EDT); sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine (SHS-CHX); sodium hypochlorite, saline solution and chlorhexidine (SAS-CHX); sodium hypochlorite, alcohol and chlorhexidine (IPA-CHX); sodium hypochlorite and citric acid and chlorhexidine (CIA-CHX); sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid and chlorhexidine (PAA-CHX). Sixty specimens were submitted to scanning electron microscope analysis to residues incidence evaluation. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy analysis was performed only in radicular middle third. Sixty specimens were subjected endodontic obturation and slices were obtained in radicular thirds and submitted to push out bond strength and dentin tags extension evaluations. The data of residues incidence evaluation were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn tests, while push-out bond strength and endodontic sealer dentin penetration data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In all root canal thirds, SHS-CHX and SAS-CHX showed the highest. In all root canal thirds, IPA-CHX, CIA-CHX, PAA-CHX and SHS-EDT showed higher push out bond strength values. In all root thirds, IPA-CHX, CIA-CHX and PAA-CHX showed the greatest dentin tags extension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acids and isopropyl alcohol used as intermediate solution between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine provides lower residues incidence and the highest bond strength values and tags extension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}