International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives最新文献

{"title":"Development of bio-based hempseed protein adhesives with enhanced properties and performance via glyoxal and zinc chloride modification","authors":"Roselle Barretto ,&nbsp;Guangyan Qi ,&nbsp;Bipin Rajpurohit ,&nbsp;Christopher Jones ,&nbsp;Xiuzhi S. Sun ,&nbsp;Yonghui Li ,&nbsp;Donghai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde-based adhesives currently dominate the global market, representing over 70 % of the total adhesive usage. However, these synthetic adhesives pose significant health concerns and environmental concerns. In response, this study explores hempseed protein as a viable alternative for creating bio-based adhesives suitable for plywood applications. Hempseed flour was defatted and processed to extract proteins. Adhesive slurries were prepared with 15 % protein concentration through pH adjustment and controlled mixing. The study employed chemical modifiers such as glyoxal and zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), both individually and in combination, to enhance the adhesive's strength, thermal stability, and water resistance. Adhesion tests on cherry wood veneers revealed that all modifiers, particularly glyoxal, significantly improved the dry, wet, and soaked strength, achieving maximum values of 5.69 MPa, 2.68 MPa, and 4.91 MPa, respectively. ZnCl₂ contributed to performance enhancements through ionic crosslinking, yielding moderate improvements in strength and stability. However, combined treatments showed limited synergy effects between covalent and ionic crosslinking mechanisms. Glyoxal notably enhanced thermal stability with onset and denaturation temperatures increasing to 146.34 °C and 147.74 °C, respectively. SEM revealed that glyoxal produced denser, more compact adhesive networks, whereas ZnCl₂ led to more moderate structural improvements. These findings demonstrated the potential of glyoxal-modified hempseed protein adhesives for engineered wood applications, offering a promising avenue toward sustainable technologies. Furthermore, ZnCl₂ allows for flexible formulations, enhancing the overall utility of these bio-based adhesives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifunctional dendrimer for BPA-free dental adhesives: Polymerization behavior and cytotoxic profile of G-IEMA","authors":"Diogo Monteiro ,&nbsp;Margot Barbier ,&nbsp;António HS Delgado ,&nbsp;Luísa Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Miguel Chaves-Ferreira ,&nbsp;Joana Vasconcelos e Cruz ,&nbsp;Mário Polido","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine whether substituting Bis-GMA for dendritic macromer G-IEMA in a universal adhesive alters real-time cure/post-cure performance and in-vitro cytotoxicity. Polymerization kinetics of five neat monomers (Bis-GMA, G-IEMA, UDMA, TEGDMA, HEMA) and four adhesives, two commercial controls (Scotchbond Universal, Futurabond M+) and two experimental formulations differing only in the base monomer, EXP-BIS vs. EXP-G, with 25 wt% of Bis-GMA or G-IEMA, respectively, were monitored by real-time ATR-FTIR for 20 min cure/post-cure (<em>n</em> = 3). Key outputs were final degree of conversion (DC_max), maximum polymerization rate (Rp_max) and half-time (t_0.5). Cytocompatibility was assessed on primary human dental-pulp cells via 24 h MTT and propidium-iodide (PI) assays using extracts of polymerized and non-polymerized specimens (n = 12). Among homopolymers, DC_max did not differ (one-way ANOVA, p = 0.24) while R_p,_max did (p &lt; 0.0001), with G-IEMA and TEGDMA faster than Bis-GMA; t₀.₅ was similar (p = 0.15). Across adhesives, DC_max (p = 0.06), Rp_max (p = 0.89) and t₀.₅ (p = 0.27) were comparable; EXP-GI reached the highest DC_max (≈89 %). G-IEMA was less cytotoxic than Bis-GMA in both assays: MTT +20 % and +51 % in non-polymerized and polymerized extracts, respectively; PI −40 % and −54 % (all pairwise p &lt; 0.01). For adhesive extracts, MTT showed a main effect of adhesive (two-way ANOVA, p &lt; 0.001) but no treatment effect/interaction; relative to Scotchbond, EXP-GI supported +6.7 % (non-polymerized) and +18.2 % higher metabolic activity, while all adhesives remained below the control (p &lt; 0.001). After polymerization, EXP-GI exhibited 17 % lower apoptosis than Scotchbond (p = 0.049) and 11 % lower than Futurabond (p &lt; 0.05). G-IEMA can replace Bis-GMA without compromising cure efficiency or increasing acute cytotoxicity, supporting its use in BPA-free universal adhesives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterisation of novel sustainable composite particleboards from cellulosic waste of pineapple peduncles and hybrid tannin-epoxy adhesives","authors":"Achille Désiré Betené Omgba ,&nbsp;Benoit Ndiwe ,&nbsp;Laurent Libog ,&nbsp;Ahmed Belaadi ,&nbsp;Reine Elisabeth Onana ,&nbsp;Fidèle Sosthène Assoumou Olomo ,&nbsp;Liliane Nga ,&nbsp;Julien Clerc Obam ,&nbsp;Cheryle Manfouo Tchoupmene ,&nbsp;Christel Cédrig Laris Nsi Ongo ,&nbsp;Fabien Betené Ebanda ,&nbsp;Atangana Ateba ,&nbsp;Florian Martoïa ,&nbsp;Pierre J.J. Dumont","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of cellulosic agricultural residues and tannin-rich forestry waste for the production of particleboards offers a sustainable alternative to conventional construction materials. This study develops bio-based composite panels by combining particles derived from pineapple peduncles (containing 45.8–49.3 wt% cellulose) with a partially biobased hybrid adhesive composed of <em>Okan</em> tannin and epoxy resin. The peduncles were transformed into particles with high porosity (75.7 %), significant water absorption capacity (224.3 wt%) and moisture absorption (58.3 wt%). The tannin, extracted via maceration and evaporation, was characterised using ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, revealing a composition rich in flavonoids, carbohydrates, and phenolic acids, enhancing its interaction with the epoxy matrix. Panels were manufactured using two particle size ranges (600–1000 μm and 1000–1500 μm) and two adhesive formulations, namely a tannin-epoxy hybrid system (7.5 + 7.5 vol% and 10 + 10 vol%) and pure epoxy (15 and 20 vol%). These fractions were selected to ensure uniform impregnation of the lignocellulosic particles. Characterisation included gravimetric tests, mechanical testing (tensile, three-point bending, internal bonding, Charpy impact). Statistical analysis (ANOVA) confirmed that particle size and adhesive type significantly (<span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.05) affect density, dimensional stability, and mechanical performance. The resulting panels exhibited moderate water absorption (<span><math><mrow><mo>&lt;</mo></mrow></math></span> 50 wt%), good dimensional stability, and robust mechanical properties (tensile strength: 48–50 MPa; flexural strength: 13–14.6 MPa; impact strength: 6–19 J cm⁻²; hardness: 90 ± 2 HC; internal bonding: 0.62–0.89 MPa), meeting the EN 312 standard requirements for P2-grade boards used in partitioning and furniture manufacturing. This work paves the way for the development of eco-friendly composites and the optimisation of bio-based hybrid adhesives in materials science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year bonding performance of universal adhesives with an additional hydrophobic resin coat containing 45S5 on eroded dentin surface","authors":"A.B.B. Moreira ,&nbsp;L. Cantanhede ,&nbsp;P.H.A. Moreira ,&nbsp;C. Pulido ,&nbsp;M.C.R. Binz Ordóñez ,&nbsp;A.D. Loguercio ,&nbsp;F.S.F. Siqueira ,&nbsp;A.F.M. Cardenas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of an additional hydrophobic resin coat containing 45S5 bioactive glass on bonding durability of eroded dentin after two years of water storage.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Ninety-six human molars were assigned to 12 groups according to dentin substrate (sound or eroded dentin); Universal adhesive systems: (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick - CUQ, and Scotchbond Universal - SBU); and treatment: control, control + additional hydrophobic resin coat (Extra HL) and control + additional hydrophobic resin coat containing 45S5 bioactive glass (Extra HL 45S5). The restorations were performed using composite resin. Specimens were sectioned into resin-dentin bonded sticks for microtensile bond strength (μTBS, at 0.5 mm/min) or nanoleakage (NL) either immediately or after 2 years of storage. Data for μTBS (MPa) and NL (%) were analyzed using three-way repeated measures ANOVA (dentin vs. treatment vs. time) for each adhesive, followed by Tukey's test (α = 5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The application of Extra HL or Extra HL 45S5 significantly improved immediate bond strength and reduced nanoleakage in eroded dentin (p &lt; 0.00001). After two years, control groups showed reduced bond strength and an increased nanoleakage for both dentin substrate compared to Extra HL or Extra HL 45S5 (p &lt; 0.00001). No significant differences were observed between Extra HL and Extra HL 45S5 at either time point (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>An additional hydrophobic resin layer improved bonding durability in sound dentin but did not prevent bond strength loss or silver nitrate uptake in eroded dentin after two years. However, eroded dentin treated with an additional hydrophobic resin layer, whether containing 45S5 or not, showed higher bond strength values compared with the control groups. The incorporation of 45S5 bioactive glass provided no additional benefit over the conventional hydrophobic resin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of low-pressure plasma and standard surface conditioning on lithium disilicate and zirconia ceramics: An in vitro study","authors":"Pablo Sevilla ,&nbsp;Laura Velayos ,&nbsp;Mustafa Gseibat ,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Mosaddad ,&nbsp;Jesus Pelaez ,&nbsp;Maria J. Suarez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of low-pressure oxygen and argon plasma treatments compared to conventional surface conditioning methods on ceramics' wettability, bond strength, and surface characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Cylindrical specimens of lithium disilicate (LS2) and zirconia (ZR) were divided into three groups (n = 10 per group): control (hydrofluoric acid etching for LS2 and sandblasting for ZR), oxygen plasma, and argon plasma treatments. Plasma treatments were performed in a low-pressure system. Wettability was assessed by contact angle measurements using the sessile drop method, while bond strength was tested by shear bond strength (SBS) following thermocycling. Surface characteristics were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test, with significance set at <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma treatments significantly enhanced the wettability of both ceramics compared to controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In LS2, the control group presented the highest contact angle values (50.07 ± 2.70°), while the oxygen plasma group had the lowest (12.97 ± 2.16°; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Similarly, in ZR, the control group exhibited the highest contact angle (55.00 ± 5.96°), and the argon plasma showed the lowest (14.75 ± 2.26°; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). No significant differences in SBS were found among LS2 groups (<em>p</em> = 0.51). In ZR, the oxygen plasma group exhibited the highest SBS (21.32 ± 1.85 MPa), significantly greater than the control (13.37 ± 1.88 MPa; <em>p</em> = 0.018).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low-pressure oxygen and argon plasma treatments significantly improved the wettability of lithium disilicate and zirconia ceramics. Plasma treatment significantly enhanced bond strength only in zirconia compared to conventional methods.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Low-pressure plasma treatments significantly enhance the surface wettability and chemical activation of lithium disilicate and zirconia ceramics, potentially improving the reliability of adhesive bonding, especially for zirconia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermomechanical behaviour of glued-in steel rods in glulam timber under steady-state and transient temperature conditions","authors":"Jacob Yager ,&nbsp;Bronwyn Chorlton ,&nbsp;Joshua E. Woods","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strength of glued-in rod connections under mechanical loading has been extensively studied in the literature. However, there have been comparatively few studies examining their performance under combined mechanical and thermal loading, something that is of concern because of the low glass transition temperature (∼40–80 °C) of adhesives used in these connection types. This paper discusses experimental results from a series of glued-in rod connections tested under thermomechanical loading, including both steady-state and transient temperature tests. The influence of embedment length, epoxy class (one epoxy intended for use in ambient conditions, and one epoxy intended for high temperature applications), epoxy curing method, and encapsulation of the timber on the maximum rod temperature at failure and the failure time were investigated. Furthermore, the residual strength of the connections after cooling was also investigated. Results of the study demonstrate that embedment length is the most influential factor on the thermomechanical performance of glued-in rod connection and that extending the embedment length beyond what is required to yield the rod can result in further improvements in thermomechanical performance. Results also showed that use of a higher glass transition temperature, achieved through specific curing protocols or using specialized high-temperature adhesives increased the maximum rod temperature at failure from 60 °C to 120 °C. The use of encapsulation was found to increase the failure time by up to 1.3 times when compared to the control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of adhesive stress for bonded patches to strengthen stop-hole repair","authors":"Risa Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Ziyue Wei ,&nbsp;Yasuo Kitane ,&nbsp;Morimune Mizutani ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Ishikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bonded patch repair methods for fatigue cracks have gained attention due to advantages such as rapid application and avoidance of cross-sectional loss. This study focuses on stop-hole repair strengthened by bonded steel patch plates. The method offers simple installation and reduces the likelihood of crack reinitiation from the stop-hole. The fatigue life after repair is governed by two mechanisms: crack reinitiation at the stop-hole and cohesive failure of the adhesive. In previous studies, stress concentration factors affecting stop-hole fatigue strength have been investigated, which are related to crack reinitiation. On the contrary, adhesive stress, which is related to cohesive failure of the adhesive, has not yet been fully investigated. Finite element (FE) analysis was conducted to evaluate shear, normal, and maximum principal stresses in the adhesive, and theoretical formulation were developed to estimate these stresses. Two repair scenarios were considered: a central patch repair model, in which patch plates were bonded at the crack center, and an eccentric patch repair model, in which patch plates were bonded eccentrically to avoid interference with gusset plates. The developed formulation showed that the maximum principal stress in the adhesive ranged from 0.20 to 0.26 MPa for central patch repairs and from 0.22 to 0.28 MPa for eccentric patch repairs, depending on plate width. The predicted stress distributions of the adhesive showed good agreement with the FE results. These findings provide useful insights into the fatigue design of stop-hole repairs with bonded patches, enabling more precise consideration of adhesive cohesive failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical failure load analysis and prediction (ANN technique) of AA2014 adhesively bonded single lap joint: An experimental validation","authors":"Naveen Kumar Akkasali ,&nbsp;Sandhyarani Biswas ,&nbsp;Sujit Sen ,&nbsp;Anitha S","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present investigation focuses on the failure load analysis of adhesively bonded single lap joints (SLJs) and the prediction of failure load using machine learning artificial neural network (ANN) tool. Initially, a numerical model was developed in the ABAQUS simulation software, and the correctness of the numerical model in computing the failure load was verified with the available data in the literature. The obtained numerical results are experimentally verified by conducting experiments on aerospace-graded aluminium alloy (AA2014) adherends joined with epoxy based adhesive bonded joints. The research also examines the effect of hybrid surface treatment (chemical and mechanical) on the failure load and failure mechanism of adhesively bonded joints. The influence of adhesive thickness and overlap length on bonded joints failure load and shear strength are studied experimentally. The verified numerical model is extended to generate the 54 datasets by varying the geometrical parameters (i.e., overlapping length, adhesive thickness, and adherend thickness) of the bonded joint. The ANN architecture has been confirmed by executing the model with the experimental data available from the literature, and its functions are verified by performing an Ablation study. The generated data set is trained to the verified ANN model and predicts the failure load for unknown geometrical parameters. Lastly, the ANN-predicted failure load is experimentally validated with the desired geometrical parameters of adhesively bonded SLJ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical model of the double-sided adhesively bonded scarf and stepped CFRP lap joint specimen under tensile loading","authors":"Hetram Sonwani ,&nbsp;M. Ramji ,&nbsp;Sai Sidhardh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop analytical models to investigate the mechanical behavior of adhesively bonded joints in double-sided scarf and double-sided stepped-lap configurations under tensile loads. More specifically, an analytical model is developed to analyze the stiffness and peak/failure load of these joint configurations connecting carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) with <span><math><msub><mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>]</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>16</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> for uni-directional (UD) and <span><math><msub><mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>/</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>]</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> for quasi-isotropic (QI) adherends. The novelty of the analytical framework lies in the energy-based approach employed in its development, making it suitable for extension to complex geometries of adhesive joints and material properties of adherends. More clearly, the 1D reduced order, linear elastic framework developed here is capable of predicting the stiffness and the failure load of the adhesive joints connecting different laminate sequences with excellent accuracy. This validation is established by a comparison of the mechanical behavior predicted by the analytical model with 3D finite element (FE) simulations and experimental studies. Detailed comparisons of the global (structural) response via load–displacement curves and localized strain distributions are carried out to establish the efficacy of the model in predicting the peak loads and critical points for disbond failure of adhesive joints. The high-fidelity analytical model serves as a valuable tool for the design of improvements in double-sided adhesive joints for use in the repair of damaged composite structures. Some design recommendations are offered here towards appropriate choices for geometry and material properties of the repair patch towards the realization of desired strength and stiffness of the repaired/joined structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A joint effort: Probabilistic methods for hybrid joint strength prediction","authors":"Tobias Evers ,&nbsp;Philipp Richter ,&nbsp;Till Vallée ,&nbsp;Koichi Yokozeki ,&nbsp;Marc Aurel Viehöfer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the strength prediction of hybrid joints that combine adhesive bonding with mechanical fasteners using probabilistic methods, focusing on four cold-curing adhesives: DP460, SW7240, SF479, and S370, which exhibit varying mechanical properties and performance outcomes; experimental results reveal that DP460 has the highest average joint strength at 329.4 ± 19.1 kN, while SF479 shows the lowest at 286.2 ± 42.7 kN, highlighting the significant influence of adhesive properties on load-bearing capacity. Previous studies had shown that the strength of hybrid joints was governed mainly by the adhesive's E-modulus, whereas bulk tensile strength dominated in single-lap bonded joints, indicating different failure mechanisms. A statistical analysis on the strength expressed in terms of hydrostatic pressure and maximum principal stress using Weibull distributions quantifies the variability in adhesive strength and predicts failure probabilities under non-uniform stress distributions, indicating that the bilinear failure criterion enhances prediction accuracy, particularly for adhesives like SW7240 and SF479, which demonstrate complex failure behaviours. Predictions versus experimental load capacities show that a linear failure criterion combined with a two-parameter Weibull distribution generally provides reasonable predictions with deviations of +1 % to +15 %, while the bilinear criterion can underestimate strengths for epoxies by up to 24 % and overestimate for elastoplastic materials like SF479. The study also addresses scatter in strength predictions, finding that the two-parameter Weibull distribution underestimates the lower bound (AVG – 1 × SD) by about 10 % and overestimates the upper bound (AVG + 1 × SD) by 18 %, with scatter analysis revealing that the probabilistic approach effectively captures variability in failure behaviour, despite challenges in maintaining consistent sample geometry and stress distributions, particularly in off-axis specimens. The study highlighted the need for accurate measurement of adhesive thickness and bolt pretension, showing that the probabilistic dimensioning method reliably predicted joint performance without empirical adjustments. It underscored the decisive role of adhesive properties and failure criteria, demonstrating that probabilistic methods improve load and failure predictions while supporting more reliable hybrid joint designs in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}