International Indigenous Policy Journal最新文献

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International Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies and Indigenous Peoples 国际减少灾害风险战略与土著人民
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-06 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.2
Simon Lambert, J. Scott
{"title":"International Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies and Indigenous Peoples","authors":"Simon Lambert, J. Scott","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"With more frequent and more intense disasters, disaster risk reduction (DRR) has become increasingly important as a fundamental approach to sustainable development. Indigenous communities hold a unique position in DRR discourse in that they are often more vulnerable than non-Indigenous groups and yet also hold traditional knowledges that enable a greater understanding of hazards and disasters. This article provides an overview of multilateral agreements for incorporating Indigenous Peoples into wider debates on disaster policies as well as development agendas. Essential DRR strategies can be adapted for Indigenous communities through respect for Indigenous approaches in coordinating alliances; culturally appropriate incentives; accurate, appropriate, and ethical data collection; acknowledgment of Indigenous land use practices; use of Indigenous language, leadership, and institutions; collaboration with Indigenous knowledges; and acceptance of traditional healing approaches.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47095156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Racism Experiences of Urban Indigenous Women in Ontario, Canada: “We All Have That Story That Will Break Your Heart” 加拿大安大略省城市土著妇女的种族主义经历:“我们都有让你心碎的故事”
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.1
Anita C. Benoit, Jasmine Cotnam, Doe O’Brien-Teengs, S. Greene, Kerrigan Beaver, Art Zoccole, M. Loutfy
{"title":"Racism Experiences of Urban Indigenous Women in Ontario, Canada: “We All Have That Story That Will Break Your Heart”","authors":"Anita C. Benoit, Jasmine Cotnam, Doe O’Brien-Teengs, S. Greene, Kerrigan Beaver, Art Zoccole, M. Loutfy","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of our mixed-methods research study was to present the discourse on racism experiences of Indigenous women living in two urban Canadian cities. A failure to recognize the impacts of racism on Indigenous women in Canada has emerged from the literature. Sharing circles, interviews, and a questionnaire including validated scales were used to collect data. The findings demonstrated that urban Indigenous women experience a number of racism events that span individual, collective and institutional, and cultural racism. The diversity of racist events was better captured in the questionnaire,  whereas the roots of racism were understood more clearly in the qualitative findings to be an extension of historical colonial events to current day manifestations.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49186340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Factors Affecting Initiation and Duration of Breastfeeding Among Off-Reserve Indigenous Children in Canada 影响加拿大非保护区土著儿童母乳喂养开始和持续时间的因素
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.5
Isabella Romano, M. Cooke, P. Wilk
{"title":"Factors Affecting Initiation and Duration of Breastfeeding Among Off-Reserve Indigenous Children in Canada","authors":"Isabella Romano, M. Cooke, P. Wilk","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous children in Canada are less likely to be breastfed compared to non-Indigenous children; however, little information about rates and correlates of breastfeeding exist. We used a nationally representative survey to examine breastfeeding initiation (n = 9,330) and duration (n = 6,760) among First Nations, Métis, and Inuit children. In our sample, 72.5% of children had been breastfed, and 57.9% of these individuals were breastfed until six months. Factors associated with increased breastfeeding included mothers’ educational attainment, children’s weight at birth, mothers' residential school attendance, and region of residence. Having Indian Status and lower household income were associated with lower breastfeeding initiation and duration. Our findings suggest that targeted efforts to encourage and support breastfeeding among Indigenous women are needed. Additional research using contemporary data are required in Canada.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49188137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Aboriginal Perspectives on Social-Emotional Competence in Early Childhood 原住民对幼儿社会情感能力的看法
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2013.4.4.2
M. Tremblay, R. Gokiert, R. Georgis, Karen Edwards, Berna J. Skrypnek
{"title":"Aboriginal Perspectives on Social-Emotional Competence in Early Childhood","authors":"M. Tremblay, R. Gokiert, R. Georgis, Karen Edwards, Berna J. Skrypnek","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2013.4.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2013.4.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Gaining an understanding of how best to support the development of Aboriginal children is important in promoting positive social, emotional, educational, and health outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to identify the most important elements of healthy development for Aboriginal children, with a particular focus on social-emotional development. Focus groups were conducted with 37 Aboriginal Canadians, including parents, service providers, adolescents, and young adults. Five inter-connected themes emerged: cultural wellness, emotional wellness, mental wellness, social wellness, and strong identity, with strong identity described as central and foundational to the other themes. This study strengthens the assertion that Aboriginal children require an additional set of social-emotional skills to successfully navigate different cultural contexts during development. Implications for research and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42183987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
“If You Fall Down, You Get Back Up”: Creating a Space for Testimony and Witnessing by Urban Indigenous Women and Girls “跌倒了就爬起来”:为城市土著妇女和女孩创造证词和见证的空间
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.1
E. Cooper, S. Driedger
{"title":"“If You Fall Down, You Get Back Up”: Creating a Space for Testimony and Witnessing by Urban Indigenous Women and Girls","authors":"E. Cooper, S. Driedger","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Historical trauma and the negative effects of colonialism continue to be played out within Canadian culture. These processes have a deleterious effect on physical and psychological health outcomes among Indigenous Peoples. Through the creation of a safe space as part of a decolonizing, participatory activity program spanning 7 weeks, First Nations and Metis women and girls (aged 8-12) were able to begin to unpack what it means to be happy, healthy, and safe, and what is needed to actualize these goals. A community engaged, asset-based workshop approach provided a forum for participants to discuss the impact of traumatic experiences on the ability of adults to model a positive image of strength, independence, and confidence for their daughters, while creating a space to discuss change.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42978176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Discrimination Against First Nations Children with Special Healthcare Needs in Manitoba: The Case of Pinaymootang First Nation 马尼托巴省对有特殊保健需要的第一民族儿童的歧视:皮纳穆唐第一民族的案例
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.4
Luna Vives, Vandna Sinha
{"title":"Discrimination Against First Nations Children with Special Healthcare Needs in Manitoba: The Case of Pinaymootang First Nation","authors":"Luna Vives, Vandna Sinha","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"First Nations children face systemic barriers in their access to health, education, and social services ordinarily available to other Canadian children. This article summarizes the findings of a research project initiated by, and carried out in partnership with, Pinaymootang First Nation, Manitoba between 2015 and 2017. Through this partnership, we were able to document the routine delays, denials, and disruptions of services that Pinaymootang children with special healthcare needs experienced. We further described the impact that this discrimination had on children and their caregivers. Here, we consider three specific service areas: medical services (primary and specialized), allied health services (e.g., language therapy), and additional care services (e.g., medication). Our findings are drawn from formal and informal interviews with Indigenous, provincial, and federal service providers; Indigenous leadership; and caregivers of Pinaymootang children with special healthcare needs. Based on this information, we argue that discrimination is pervasive, rooted in Canada’s colonial history, and actualized through three main instruments: administration of policies regulating the provision of services to First Nations populations living on reserve, chronic underfunding of services targeting this population, and geographic isolation (i.e., distance from a service hub). The article concludes with nine recommendations prepared by the project’s advisory committee for future policy aiming to eliminate the discrimination First Nations children with special healthcare needs experience by way of fully (and meaningfully) implementing Jordan’s Principle in Canada.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43232240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Moving Towards an Indigenous Research Process: A Reflexive Approach to Empirical Work With First Nations Communities in Canada 走向土著研究过程:加拿大第一民族社区实证工作的反思性方法
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.6
E. Toombs, Alexandra S. Drawson, Lori A. Chambers, Tina Bobinski, J. Dixon, C. Mushquash
{"title":"Moving Towards an Indigenous Research Process: A Reflexive Approach to Empirical Work With First Nations Communities in Canada","authors":"E. Toombs, Alexandra S. Drawson, Lori A. Chambers, Tina Bobinski, J. Dixon, C. Mushquash","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Moving towards reconciliation within Indigenous research requires the careful examination of existing practices at all stages of the research process. Engagement in and dissemination of reflexive processes may increase the relevance of research results for Indigenous communities and partners. This article describes and contextualizes the results obtained from this qualitative research study examining parenting needs and child reunification in these communities. The initial results were deemed relevant by the partnering community but research stakeholders reported that they did not reflect all community values. Based on the advice of the Research Advisory Group, the research team decided to further analyze the results to address these shortcomings. The reanalysis process focused on improving the perceived meaningfulness and relevance to communities. Exploration of how these results were re-situated in an Indigenous framework of wellbeing is discussed. Researcher reflections about the project processes and considerations for future research are explored.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47483936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Success in Closing the Socio-Economic Gap, But Still a Long Way to Go: Urban Aboriginal Disadvantage, Trauma, and Racism in the Australian City of Newcastle 成功缩小社会经济差距,但仍有很长的路要走:澳大利亚纽卡斯尔市的城市原住民劣势、创伤和种族主义
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.3
Deirdre Howard‐Wagner
{"title":"Success in Closing the Socio-Economic Gap, But Still a Long Way to Go: Urban Aboriginal Disadvantage, Trauma, and Racism in the Australian City of Newcastle","authors":"Deirdre Howard‐Wagner","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The research presented in this article is based on a four-year place-based qualitative case study of Aboriginal success in addressing Aboriginal disadvantage in the Australian city of Newcastle. The article presents extracts from in-depth interviews with Aboriginal people working on a day-to-day basis with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people experiencing disadvantage in this city. Interviewees define Indigenous disadvantage in a way that differs considerably from how it is defined in mainstream policy circles. They describe Indigenous disadvantage as being grounded in the histories of social exclusion from Australian society, rather than merely a contemporary phenomenon related socio-economic factors (i.e., lack of educational and employment opportunities). They indicated that it was (a) closely tied to Aboriginal experiences of displacement and trauma; (b) not just a material problem but a historical and social structural problem; and (c) unique to each community. For instance, urban Indigenous disadvantage is distinct from Indigenous disadvantage in remote areas. This supports the claims of Indigenous sociologist Maggie Walter (2009).\u0000In doing so, the article more strongly aligns with a critique of a neo-liberal racial project, which defines Indigenous disadvantage within an individualistic framework of individual rights and in terms of socio-economic gaps, from the voices of Aboriginal representatives.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44828337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Canada's Missing and Murdered Indigenous People and the Imperative for a More Inclusive Perspective 加拿大失踪和被谋杀的土著人民以及从更具包容性的角度看待问题的必要性
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.2
J. Hansen, E. Dim
{"title":"Canada's Missing and Murdered Indigenous People and the Imperative for a More Inclusive Perspective","authors":"J. Hansen, E. Dim","doi":"10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/IIPJ.2019.10.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) emerged to bring attention to the overrepresentation of missing and murdered Indigenous women in Canada. It has raised awareness about systemic racism and sexism as well as social and economic conditions experienced by Canada's Indigenous population. Yet, research shows that Indigenous males are the most likely to be murdered in Canada (Mulligan, Axford, & Soecki, 2016). Since Indigenous men are going missing and are murdered in disturbing numbers, and they are fathers, brothers, and sons to Indigenous women and girls, it is understandable that many in the Indigenous community wanted to include them in the inquiry. Our analysis explores how the MMIWG and discourses about inclusion and exclusion have been framed in ways that limit interpretations about the root causes of problems experienced by Indigenous people, especially when they exclude an important part of the Indigenous population—Indigenous males. We draw upon Indigenous perceptions of the inquiry and analyses of social norms and stereotypes in order to explore the conflicting positions and experiences associated with missing and murdered Indigenous people in Canada. We conclude by exploring the need for a more comprehensive inquiry. We recognize that a holistic model of inquiry that honours the voices of Indigenous communities is crucial to a proper investigation into missing and murdered Indigenous people in Canada.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48884420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Indigenous Language Knowledge and Educational Attainment Among First Nations People: Trends Over Time 原住民语言知识与受教育程度:随时间的趋势
IF 1.3
International Indigenous Policy Journal Pub Date : 2018-09-18 DOI: 10.18584/iipj.2018.9.4.3
É. Bougie, D. Kohen, Anne Guèvremont
{"title":"Indigenous Language Knowledge and Educational Attainment Among First Nations People: Trends Over Time","authors":"É. Bougie, D. Kohen, Anne Guèvremont","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2018.9.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2018.9.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated whether associations between Indigenous language knowledge and educational outcomes might be changing for cohorts of language speakers over time. Using Census and National Household Survey data, educational attainment for First Nations people aged 20 to 34 was examined at four time points (1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011), separately for those able versus unable to speak an Indigenous language and separately for those living on and off reserve. Findings point to improvements in levels of education for Indigenous language speakers among First Nations people living on and off reserve. Findings should be interpreted with caution as differences in educational attainment may reflect differences between language speakers and non-speakers that go beyond the ability to speak an Indigenous language.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43096376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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