{"title":"Pedagogical Pathways for Indigenous Business Education: Learning from Current Indigenous Business Practices","authors":"Simon T. Berge","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2020.11.1.9374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2020.11.1.9374","url":null,"abstract":"Business is one of the fastest growing areas in post-secondary education, but there is little understanding of Indigenous business practices. This article looks at three Arctic communities in the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, and their associated co-operative businesses. I examine how these businesses express cultural values, as well as the business skill needs within these communities. Key informant interviews were conducted in each of the three Arctic communities, and three conclusions were made: (a) Co-operatives act as links between communities and their economic activities, (b) Business skills within communities need to be developed, and (c) Business skills need to include cultural components, as co-ops represent cultural economic expressions.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47175390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Colonial Legacies and Collaborative Action: Improving Indigenous Peoples’ Health Care in Canada","authors":"L. Wylie, S. McConkey, A. Corrado","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.9340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.9340","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous people experience significant health disparities compared to non-Indigenous people, which are exacerbated by less accessible and poorer quality health care services. This research aimed to understand the specific barriers to health care that Indigenous patients and their families face, as well as to explore promising practices and strategies for improving the responsiveness of health services to the needs of Indigenous people. Through qualitative interviews with Indigenous and non-Indigenous health care and social services providers, we identified a range of challenges and successful approaches, and developed recommendations for improving policy and practice to address the gaps in culturally safe health care services. Our study shows that many of the barriers Indigenous people face when accessing health care are rooted in the broader social determinants of health, such as poverty, racism, housing, and education. These are complex problems that are outside of the traditional scope of health care practice. However, this study has also demonstrated that many barriers to equitable care actually stem from within the health care system itself. We found that health care gaps were often attributable to poorly funded on-reserve health care services and culturally unsafe off-reserve services. Attitudes and practices among those working in health care and gaps in coordination between mainstream and Indigenous services are challenges related to the way the health care system operates. Solutions are needed that address these issues. Given the multifaceted nature of access barriers, strategies to improve health services for Indigenous people and communities require a comprehensive and systemic approach. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46320977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Indigenous Income Disparity and Resguardo Land in Colombia","authors":"R. García","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8569","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the association between the resguardo, a colonial land access system similar to the North American reserve and reservation systems, and income inequality among Indigenous people in Colombia. I regressed the variable income unmet basic needs gap (IUBNgap) between Indigenous people and non-minority people in Colombia on a set of regressors that included the mean of resguardo land size per family. I find that more resguardo land per family is associated with a larger IUBNgap, which is likely due to the fact that resguardos tend to be larger where lands are isolated and where most of the land suitable for economic production is owned by nonIndigenous landowners.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47798825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planning Around Reserves: Probing the Inclusion of First Nations in Saskatchewan's Watershed Planning Framework","authors":"Warrick Baijius, R. Patrick","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8502","url":null,"abstract":"Watershed-based planning in Saskatchewan began in earnest after 2006 under the auspices of the Saskatchewan Watershed Authority. Within a decade, a dozen watershed plans were produced following a planning framework that included technical and watershed resident committees. First Nation communities, or \"reserves,\" exist within these watershed areas. This article probes the inclusion of First Nations in those plans. Using document analysis and keyword search, our analysis explores any spatial relationship that may exist between First Nation inclusion and the amount of reserve land in a watershed. The results of this research show that First Nation inclusion is limited in watershed planning in Saskatchewan. We see opportunity for more effective watershed planning through greater collaboration with First Nations.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42553331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Being Neighbourly: Urban Reserves, Treaty Settlement Lands, and the Discursive Construction of Municipal–First Nation Relations","authors":"J. Barry","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.5.8515","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing land claims negotiations are creating areas of First Nation authority within and adjacent to many urban centres. Several government agencies and lobby groups have responded to these changes with discussion papers and toolkits, all implicitly or explicitly intended to help municipal and First Nation governments become better \"neighbours.\" Using the theoretical and methodological insights found in critical discourse and interpretive policy analysis, this article examines the prevalence of this \"neighbour-to-neighbour\" discourse in municipal and other non-Indigenous policy, placing a particular focus on how it is used in land-use planning. I explore how these policy documents discursively construct and articulate a distinctly and deeply settler-colonial perspective on the desired relationship between First Nations and municipalities: one that has clear antecedents in liberal-economic notions of property, and that serves to conceal key aspects of Indigenous authority.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. C. Lévesque, S. Law, J. Torrie, R. Carlin, Lucy Trapper, A. Kutcher, M. Macdonald
{"title":"Northern Québec James Bay Cree Regional Health Governance in Support of Community Participation: Honouring the \"Butterfly\"","authors":"M. C. Lévesque, S. Law, J. Torrie, R. Carlin, Lucy Trapper, A. Kutcher, M. Macdonald","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8425","url":null,"abstract":"Successful responses to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada's (TRC, 2015) Calls to Action require “joint leadership, trust-building, and transparency” between Canadian public institutions and First Nations. In the area of health and wellness, community participation in priority setting and planning constitutes one important step forward. In 2013, the Québec Cree regional health and social services agency launched a unique wellness planning initiative involving community participation in regional level policy-making. This article reports on a qualitative study conducted with key agency staff, an early component of a broader developmental participatory evaluation. Focusing on contextual challenges to and ways forward on community participation in planning, thematic analysis of 17 semi-structured interviews revealed important nuances between Cree and non-Cree perspectives: These perspectives reflected an empowerment versus a utilitarian view of participation, respectively. Cree Elders consulted on these results highlighted the ontological and epistemological distinction of Cree perspectives, and the importance of bringing these forth. These interpretations point to the relevance of extending cultural safety to institution-level processes bearing on relationships with communities and potentially building capacity for participation.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44499116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Phillips-Beck, Grace Kyoon-Achan, J. Lavoie, Nicholas Krueger, K. Kinew, Stephanie Sinclair, Naser Ibrahim, A. Katz
{"title":"Negotiation, Reciprocity, and Reality: The Experience of Collaboration in a Community-Based Primary Health Care (CBPHC) Program of Research with Eight Manitoba First Nations","authors":"W. Phillips-Beck, Grace Kyoon-Achan, J. Lavoie, Nicholas Krueger, K. Kinew, Stephanie Sinclair, Naser Ibrahim, A. Katz","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8334","url":null,"abstract":"This article shares experiences and lessons learned through a collaboration between the University of Manitoba, the First Nation Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba (FNHSSM), and eight First Nation communities in Manitoba. We employed a participatory approach from planning the research project, to data collection, and to the analysis, interpretation, and implementation of results. We learned that successful collaborations require: a) investing time and resources into developing respectful research relationships; b) strong leadership and governance; c) clearly defined roles and responsibilities; d) meaningful participation of First Nations; e) multiple opportunities for community engagement; and f) commitment to multiple, ongoing, and consistent forms of communication. All factors are integral to creating and maintaining the integrity of the research collaboration.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41854877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Police Stops and Searches of Indigenous People in Minneapolis: The Roles of Race, Place, and Gender","authors":"M. Gorsuch, Deborah Rho","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.3.8322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.3.8322","url":null,"abstract":"We examine disparities in police stops, searches, and arrests of Native Americans in Minneapolis, a major metropolitan area with a substantial Native American population. During the study period, 1.42% of women in Minneapolis report their race as American Indian or Alaska Native, but the Minneapolis police report that 6.43% of police stops of women (including vehicle stops and non-vehicle stops) are Native American. Native American men comprise 1.51% of the male population and 3.29% of police stops of men. After they were stopped, 28% of Native American women were searched and 20% were arrested, over twice as often as women of any other race. The disproportionate stops of Native American women are concentrated in areas with high Native American residents.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46773400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The RIPPLES of Meaningful Involvement: A Framework for Meaningfully Involving Indigenous Peoples in Health Policy Decision-Making","authors":"Alycia Fridkin, A. Browne, Madeleine Stout","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.3.8309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.3.8309","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous Peoples experience the greatest health inequities in Canada and other colonized countries, yet are routinely excluded from health-related policy decisions. Those advocating for Indigenous health equity are often left wrestling with the question: What constitutes, and what can foster, meaningful involvement of Indigenous Peoples in the contemporary health policy climate? Twenty (n = 20) in-depth, open-ended interviews with Indigenous and non-Indigenous leaders in health and health policy were conducted with a view to understanding what constitutes meaningful involvement of Indigenous Peoples in health policy decision-making. The analysis suggests meaningful involvement requires attuning to underlying power dynamics inherent in policy making and taking action to decolonize and transform the policy system itself. Based on these findings, the authors offer a framework for meaningful involvement.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Mitchell, Courtney Arseneau, Darren Thomas, Peggy Smith
{"title":"Towards an Indigenous-Informed Relational Approach to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC)","authors":"T. Mitchell, Courtney Arseneau, Darren Thomas, Peggy Smith","doi":"10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.4.8372","url":null,"abstract":"International and domestic rights frameworks are setting the stage for the full recognition of Indigenous Peoples’ rights in Canada. However, current political promises to restore Indigenous relations, to reconcile historic wrongs, and to foster mutual prosperity and well-being for all people within Canada remain woefully unfulfilled. Indigenous Peoples continue to call for full engagement with emerging Indigenous rights frameworks such as the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and its principles of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC). This article discusses the key findings from a multi-year university–community research partnership with Matawa First Nations in which we collaboratively seek to advance understanding of consultation processes and Indigenous experiences of and perspectives on FPIC. The article, based on several years of dialogue and interviews and a two-day workshop on FPIC, offers insight into Indigenous perspectives on FPIC advancing an Indigenous-informed relational approach to consultation and consent seeking.","PeriodicalId":13707,"journal":{"name":"International Indigenous Policy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43529899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}