Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Firearm-related threats before migrating to the USA from Latin America and the Caribbean.","authors":"Eugenio Weigend Vargas, Jason Goldstick, Laura Vargas","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045369","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Every year, thousands of people from Latin America and the Caribbean are migrating to the USA. Policy-makers have argued that US firearms are fuelling violence in these countries and are contributing to migration. The objective of this article is to examine the proportion of immigrants from Latin America and the Caribbean arriving at the US border who have previously been threatened with a firearm. This article further explores sociodemographic factors associated with the likelihood of previous firearm-related threats, whether those threats are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as the reasons behind those threats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from a survey of migrants recruited at the southern US border from March 2022 to August 2023. To be selected, respondents had to be 18 years of age or older, had to speak English or Spanish and come from a Latin American or Caribbean country. We used descriptive statistics and a logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed 321 cases. Roughly, 48% of respondents reported previous firearm-related threats. Males and respondents coming from Honduras, Venezuela and El Salvador were more likely to report previous firearm-related threats. There was a strong association between previous firearm-related threats and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. Most threats occurred during robberies or extortions, but other threats were perpetrated by authorities, to prevent crime reporting, or by intimate partners.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the violence, particularly firearm-related violence, experienced by those migrating to the USA from Latin America and the Caribbean could help guide policy discussion and actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory qualitative study of firearm storage practices among surgeons in the USA: contexts and motivations.","authors":"Shelbie D Waddle, Arielle Thomas, Brendan T Campbell, Marian E Betz, Julie K Johnson, Regina Royan, Alexander Ellyin, Angie Jang, Marie L Crandall, Anne M Stey","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045205","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A US survey of surgeons found that 32% store firearms unlocked and loaded. This study explored conditions and contexts impacting personal firearm storage methods among surgeons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted semi-structured interviews with English-speaking fellows of the American College of Surgeons who treated patients injured by firearms and who owned or lived in homes with firearms. Participants were recruited through email and subsequent snowball sampling from April 2022 to August 2022. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was applied to transcripts to identify codes. A mixed deductive and inductive approach was used for data reduction and sorting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 surgeons were interviewed; most were male and white. Dominant themes for firearm storage practices were based on (1) attitudes; (2) perceived norms; (3) personal agency; and (4) intention of firearm use. Personal agency often conflicted with attitudes and perceived norms for surgeons owning firearms for self-defence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Storage practices in this sample of firearm-owning surgeons were driven by intent for firearm use, coupled with attitudes, perceived norms and personal agency. Personal agency often conflicted with attitudes and perceived norms, especially for surgeons who owned their firearm for self-defence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of Parents' Health Literacy Scale on Preventing Road Traffic Injuries for children aged 0-6 years in China.","authors":"Xiaohong Li, Miaomiao Chen, Yuheng Feng, Xueqi Ma, Jicui Zheng, Hanlin Shen, Jingwei Xia, Kaiyue Chen, Ying Guo, Qianghua Xia, Yu Jiang, Jun Lu, Fengshui Chang","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045080","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death in children. Parents' health literacy (HL) is closely related to child safety, especially for the young children. This study aimed to develop an intervention-oriented parent HL scale: Parents' Health Literacy Scale on Preventing Road Traffic Injuries (PHLS-PRTIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed the scale including four parts: (1) definition and conceptualisation of PHLS-PRTIs; (2) domain and item development; (3) instrument construction; and (4) psychometric property validation. 685 parents participated in process of development (n=333) and validation (n=352). Cronbach's α and test-retest correlation were used to assess reliability. Content validity and construct validity were used to assess validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scale consisted of five domains (access, understand, belief, communication and use) and 16 subdomains. The Cronbach's α for each domain and the whole scale was 0.85, 0.70, 0.87, 0.80, 0.79 and 0.85, respectively. The test-retest reliability was acceptable (intraclass correlations >0.70). Content validity was good (item-level content validity index >0.79, average of the scale-level content validity index >0.80, kappa >0.74). For construct validity for domain understand, χ²/df=1.723, p=0.009, standardised root mean square residual (SRMR)=0.0404, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.045, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.942, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)=0.910; and for the other four domains, χ²/df=1.840, p<0.001, SRMR=0.043, RMSEA=0.049, CFI=0.958, TLI=0.952.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PHLS-PRTIs was developed and validated by a rigorous process, providing a tool for community doctors to measure parents' HL on child road traffic safety and develop targeted health education interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do sports utility vehicles (SUVs) and light truck vehicles (LTVs) cause more severe injuries to pedestrians and cyclists than passenger cars in the case of a crash? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Elsa Robinson, Phil Edwards, Anthony Laverty, Anna Goodman","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045613","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Questions: </strong>In the case of a road traffic crash, do sports utility vehicles (SUVs) and light truck vehicles (LTVs) cause more severe injuries to pedestrians and cyclists than passenger cars? Does any effect differ between adults and children?</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>MEDLINE, TRID and Global Index Medicus were searched up to September 2024, with no restrictions by setting or language.</p><p><strong>Inclusion criteria: </strong>Eligible studies had to compare injury severity between pedestrians and/or cyclists hit by an SUV or LTV versus a passenger car. Only sources using real-world crash data were included.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Injury severity, defined either as 'fatal versus non-fatal injury' or as 'killed or seriously injured (KSI) versus slight injury'.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results were similar between pedestrians and cyclists. When combining pedestrians and cyclists, the pooled odds of KSI versus slight injury if hit by an SUV/LTV versus a passenger car were higher among adults/all-age samples by 1.24 (95% CI 1.15, 1.34) and higher among children by 1.28 (95% CI 1.19, 1.37). The odds of fatal versus non-fatal injury if hit by an SUV/LTV versus a passenger car increased among adults/all-age samples by 1.44 (95% CI 1.33, 1.56) and among children by 1.82 (95% CI 1.57, 2.11; p=0.006 for heterogeneity by age).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the case of a crash, SUVs and LTVs cause more severe injuries to pedestrians and cyclists than passenger cars. This effect is larger for fatalities than for KSIs, and the fatality effect is particularly large for children. <b>PROSPERO registration number</b> CRD42024597283.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12911616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing for a meta-analysis of rates: extracting effect sizes and standard errors from studies of count outcomes with person-time denominators.","authors":"Matthew Spittal","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045610","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Formulas for the extraction of continuous and binary effect sizes that are entered into a meta-analysis are readily available. Only some formulas for the extraction of count outcomes have been presented previously. The purpose of this methodological article is to present formulas for extracting effect sizes and their standard errors for studies of count outcomes with person-time denominators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Formulas for the calculation of the number of events in a study and the corresponding person time in which these events occurred are presented. These formulas are then used to estimate the relevant effect sizes and standard errors of interest. These effect sizes are rates, rate ratios and rate differences for a two-group comparison and rate ratios and rate differences for a difference-in-difference design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two studies from the field of suicide prevention are used to demonstrate the extraction of the information required to estimate effect sizes and standard errors. In the first example, the rate ratio for a two-group comparison was 0.957 (standard error of the log rate ratio, 0.035), and the rate difference was -0.56 per 100,000 person years (standard error 0.44). In the second example, the rate ratio for a difference-in-difference analysis was 0.975 (standard error of the log rate ratio 0.036) and the rate difference was -0.30 per 100,000 person years (standard error 0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The application of these formulas enables the calculation of effect sizes that may not have been presented in the original study. This reduces the need to exclude otherwise eligible studies from a meta-analysis, potentially reducing one source of bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"176-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12911607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer product-related female genital injuries in the USA from 2013 to 2022.","authors":"Kevin Danis Li, Sultan Al Azzawi, Nizar Hakam, Behzad Abbasi, Umar Ghaffar, Chibuzor Nwachukwu, Hiren V Patel, Benjamin N Breyer","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045166","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consumer product-related genital injuries in females across all age groups are understudied. Existing research focuses primarily on paediatric populations. We aimed to determine characteristics, trends and predictors of hospitalisation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried for female genital injuries from 2013 to 2022. We stratified our population into four age groups (<18, 18-34, 35-54, >54 years). Automated text matching and manual reviews were employed for variable extraction. χ² tests and logistic regression were conducted, accounting for survey design and weights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>9054 cases representing a national estimate of 252 329 injuries (95% CI 188 059 to 316 599) were identified. Paediatric injuries were most common (61%) and seniors had the highest hospitalisation rates (28%). Falls were common in paediatric (51%) and senior (48%) groups, whereas self-induced and topical application injuries were more frequent among adults aged 18-34 and 35-54. Injuries predominantly involved playground equipment and bicycles in children, razors and massage devices in adults aged 18-34 and 35-54 and household structures in seniors. Hospitalisation increased over the decade from 7% to 9%; significant predictors of hospitalisation were Asian race (OR=3.39, 95% CI 1.83 to 6.30), fractures (OR=7.98, 95% CI 4.85 to 13.1) and urethral injury (OR=3.15, 95% CI 1.30 to 7.63).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identifies distinct patterns in female genital injuries across ages. In the paediatric cohort, injuries are often linked to playgrounds and bicycles. For adults, grooming products are frequently implicated. Seniors commonly suffer injuries from household structures such as bathtubs. These patterns may inform discussions on tailored preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in fatal paediatric unintentional injury: what is going on?","authors":"Frederick P Rivara","doi":"10.1136/ip-2025-045675","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2025-045675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the reduction in rates of fatal unintentional injuries to children in the USA has not only plateaued, beginning before the pandemic, but has reversed, with increases across most mechanisms of injury. This study seeks to understand the reasons for this trend, focusing on unintentional injuries to children aged 1-14 years in 2001-2023 and on injuries with the highest fatality rates and with the most substantial increases in the last few years.The highest rate of fatalities and most substantial changes were due to motor vehicle crashes, drowning, fires and burns. Many factors that are associated with the risk of injury fatality actually decreased in prevalence over the last decade while the fatality rates were plateauing and then increasing. These include improved motor vehicle and highway and roadway safety designs, lower rates of cigarette smoking, more homes with carbon monoxide alarms, fewer mobile homes, higher life-jacket use, fewer small recreational boats and decreases in child poverty. Increases in emotional and behavioural disorders are not likely responsible for changes in unintentional injury fatalities in this age group. An important contributor to injury, particularly among the racial groups experiencing the greatest change in the mortality trajectory, is the sociocultural economic environment in which children live, learn and play. Smartphone use by teens and caregivers was the one risk factor which dramatically increased over the last decade, and distraction from mobile phone use stands out as likely the greatest culprit in this increase in fatalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circumstantial variables preceding firearm suicide among females with and without mobility disability in the USA: comparative analysis using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System.","authors":"Julian Takagi-Stewart, Laura C Prater, Erika Marts, Pooja Ayachit, Tiago S Jesus","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045195","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobility disability impacts approximately 12% of the US population; females are overrepresented among persons with mobility disability. Those with mobility disability are at increased risk of suicide compared with their non-disabled counterparts. Suicide using a firearm has increased among females in the last two decades. This study aims to describe and explore significant circumstantial variables (eg, socio-demographic, health indicators) preceding firearm suicide among females with mobility disability as compared with females without mobility disability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary comparative, retrospective analysis of the narrative data from the National Violent Death Reporting System Restricted Access Database. Persons with mobility disability were identified through text mining and manual review and subsequently analysed with a summative form of content analysis. Pearson/Fisher's X² or t-tests were used to assess differences in the circumstantial variables between those with and without mobility disabilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among female firearm suicide decedents, persons with mobility disability were more commonly older (p<0.001), identified as a homemaker (p<0.001), were perceived to be in a depressed mood before death (p<0.05), had a history of suicidal thoughts (p<0.05) and were perceived to have physical pain (p<0.001); they less commonly had relationship problems (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Females with mobility disability who die by firearm suicide may be differentiated from suicide decedents without mobility disability by age, employment status, depressive mood, relationship problems and physical pain. The significance of these variables as independent risk factors for firearm suicide may be tested with prospective study designs, which in turn may inform the development of targeted or disability-inclusive prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of the impact of interventions changing access to lethal means on suicide attempts and deaths.","authors":"Lisa M Shank, Derek J Smolenski, Courtney Boyd, Dawn M Bellanti, Reshmi Nair, Kiriana Cowansage, Salvatore Libretto, Kamaria Frazier, Daniel P Evatt, Marija S Kelber","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045611","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objective was to examine if interventions changing access to lethal means are associated with changes in suicide deaths and/or attempts by conducting a systematic review of controlled intervention studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Authors searched key databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL) from inception to March 2024 for longitudinal controlled intervention studies with at least one contemporaneous comparator group evaluating the impact of interventions changing access to lethal means on suicide attempts and/or deaths in a primarily adult population. Reviewers dually screened articles, then extracted study characteristics and assessed methodological quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Researchers screened 8522 studies and 36 articles met eligibility for inclusion. Most studies evaluated the impact of population-level firearm interventions on suicide deaths and found that stricter regulations were associated with a small reduction, if any, in total and/or firearm-specific suicide deaths. The ecological level of analysis precluded individual-level causal inference. Findings within interventions targeting methods other than firearms were limited, mixed and/or inconclusive. Notably, no high-quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified that met our eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future studies should use an RCT design or advanced statistical causal inference techniques to further elucidate the effectiveness of these interventions on suicide deaths and/or attempts.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42022364775.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps in the evidence for interventions in global drowning research.","authors":"Rebecca Vearing, Justin Scarr, Ana Catarina Queiroga, Jagnoor Jagnoor","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045215","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since 2014, drowning has received increased political attention. Translating this political commitment to saving lives needs policy-supported evidence-informed interventions. An evidence gap map (EGM) was developed, which aims to facilitate the strategic prioritisation of future research and efficient commissioning of interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Available evidence was sought by searching four electronic databases using drowning key terms from 2005 to 2023. Peer-reviewed studies, which measured the outcome of a drowning prevention intervention, were included in the EGM. Classification of interventions was guided by the WHO's recommendations for drowning prevention interventions and strategies. Intervention outcomes were classified into health, social, economic, policy and other supporting outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>49 intervention studies were identified. Of these, 25 studies were conducted in high-income countries (HICs), 19 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), 3 in both HICs and LMICs and 2 were not country specific. Interventions, which used community education, were the most common (n=29, 27%), followed by teaching school-age children swimming and water safety skills (n=13, 12%) and others combined (n=66, 61%). Majority of interventions focused on process outcomes such as knowledge acquisition (n=42, 39%) in comparison with objective outcomes such as incidence of drowning mortality (n=21, 19%). No studies reported on interventions that manage flood risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge gaps of effective drowning prevention interventions were identified using an EGM, emphasising the need for methodological advancements reporting on outcomes measures, implementation research and targeted research among high-risk populations in LMICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"72-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}