Integrative Organismal Biology最新文献

{"title":"Patterns of Genetic And Epigenetic Diversity Across A Range Expansion in The White-Footed Mouse (<i>Peromyscus Leucopus</i>).","authors":"T L Rubi, J R do Prado, L L Knowles, B Dantzer","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Populations at the leading front of a range expansion must rapidly adapt to novel conditions. Increased epigenetic diversity has been hypothesized to facilitate adaptation and population persistence via non-genetic phenotypic variation, especially if there is reduced genetic diversity when populations expand (i.e., epigenetic diversity compensates for low genetic diversity). In this study, we use the spatial distribution of genetic and epigenetic diversity to test this hypothesis in populations of the white-footed mouse (<i>Peromyscus leucopus</i>) sampled across a purported recent range expansion gradient. We found mixed support for the epigenetic compensation hypothesis and a lack of support for expectations for expansion populations of mice at the range edge, which likely reflects a complex history of expansion in white-footed mice in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Specifically, epigenetic diversity was not increased in the population at the purported edge of the range expansion in comparison to the other expansion populations. However, input from an additional ancestral source populations may have increased genetic diversity at this range edge population, counteracting the expected genetic consequences of expansion, as well as reducing the benefit of increased epigenetic diversity at the range edge. Future work will expand the focal populations to include expansion areas with a single founding lineage to test for the robustness of a general trend that supports the hypothesized compensation of reduced genetic diversity by epigenetic variation observed in the expansion population that was founded from a single historical source.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Molecular Phylogeny of Salps (Tunicata: Thalicea: Salpida) and the Evolutionary History of Their Colonial Architecture.","authors":"A Damian-Serrano, M Hughes, K R Sutherland","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salps are marine pelagic tunicates with a complex life cycle, including a solitary and colonial stage composed of asexually budded individuals. These colonies develop into species-specific architectures with distinct zooid orientations, including transversal, oblique, linear, helical, and bipinnate chains, as well as whorls and clusters. The evolutionary history of salp colony architecture has remained obscured due to the lack of an ontology to characterize architectures, as well as a lack of phylogenetic taxon sampling and resolution of critical nodes. We (1) collected and sequenced eight species of salps that had never been sequenced before, (2) inferred the phylogenetic relationships among salps, and (3) reconstructed the evolutionary history of salp colony architecture. We collected salp specimens via offshore SCUBA diving, dissected tissue samples, extracted their DNA, amplified their 18S gene, and sequenced them using Sanger technology. We inferred the phylogeny of Salpida based on 18S using both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Using this phylogeny, we reconstructed the ancestral states of colony architecture using a Bayesian ordered Markov model informed by the presence and absence of specific developmental mechanisms that lead to each architecture. We find that the ancestral salp architecture is either oblique or linear, with every other state being derived. Moreover, linear chains have evolved independently at least three times. While transversal chains are developmentally basal and hypothesized to be ancestral, our phylogenetic topology and reconstructions strongly indicate that they are evolutionarily derived through the loss of zooid torsion. These traits are likely critical to multijet locomotory performance and evolving under natural selection. Our work showcases the need to study the broader diversity of salp species to gain a comprehensive understanding of their organismal biology, evolutionary history, and ecological roles in pelagic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10576244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary Patterns of Modularity in the Linkage Systems of the Skull in Wrasses and Parrotfish.","authors":"S M Gartner, O Larouche, K M Evans, M W Westneat","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of modularity is fundamental to understanding the evolvability of morphological structures and is considered a central framework for the exploration of functionally and developmentally related subsets of anatomical traits. In this study, we explored evolutionary patterns of modularity and integration in the 4-bar linkage biomechanical system of the skull in the fish family Labridae (wrasses and parrotfish). We measured evolutionary modularity and rates of shape diversification of the skull partitions of three biomechanical 4-bar linkage systems using 205 species of wrasses (family: Labridae) and a three-dimensional geometric morphometrics data set of 200 coordinates. We found support for a two-module hypothesis on the family level that identifies the bones associated with the three linkages as being a module independent from a module formed by the remainder of the skull (neurocranium, nasals, premaxilla, and pharyngeal jaws). We tested the patterns of skull modularity for four tribes in wrasses: hypsigenyines, julidines, cheilines, and scarines. The hypsigenyine and julidine groups showed the same two-module hypothesis for Labridae, whereas cheilines supported a four-module hypothesis with the three linkages as independent modules relative to the remainder of the skull. Scarines showed increased modularization of skull elements, where each bone is its own module. Diversification rates of modules show that linkage modules have evolved at a faster net rate of shape change than the remainder of the skull, with cheilines and scarines exhibiting the highest rate of evolutionary shape change. We developed a metric of linkage planarity and found the oral jaw linkage system to exhibit high planarity, while the rest position of the hyoid linkage system exhibited increased three dimensionality. This study shows a strong link between phenotypic evolution and biomechanical systems, with modularity influencing rates of shape change in the evolution of the wrasse skull.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Organisms Using Ecological Observatory Networks.","authors":"B Dantzer,&nbsp;K E Mabry,&nbsp;J R Bernhardt,&nbsp;R M Cox,&nbsp;C D Francis,&nbsp;C K Ghalambor,&nbsp;K L Hoke,&nbsp;S Jha,&nbsp;E Ketterson,&nbsp;N A Levis,&nbsp;K M McCain,&nbsp;G L Patricelli,&nbsp;S H Paull,&nbsp;N Pinter-Wollman,&nbsp;R J Safran,&nbsp;T S Schwartz,&nbsp;H L Throop,&nbsp;L Zaman,&nbsp;L B Martin","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human activities are rapidly changing ecosystems around the world. These changes have widespread implications for the preservation of biodiversity, agricultural productivity, prevalence of zoonotic diseases, and sociopolitical conflict. To understand and improve the predictive capacity for these and other biological phenomena, some scientists are now relying on observatory networks, which are often composed of systems of sensors, teams of field researchers, and databases of abiotic and biotic measurements across multiple temporal and spatial scales. One well-known example is NEON, the US-based National Ecological Observatory Network. Although NEON and similar networks have informed studies of population, community, and ecosystem ecology for years, they have been minimally used by organismal biologists. NEON provides organismal biologists, in particular those interested in NEON's focal taxa, with an unprecedented opportunity to study phenomena such as range expansions, disease epidemics, invasive species colonization, macrophysiology, and other biological processes that fundamentally involve organismal variation. Here, we use NEON as an exemplar of the promise of observatory networks for understanding the causes and consequences of morphological, behavioral, molecular, and physiological variation among individual organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10586040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Antioxidant Glutathione Levels Lead to Longer Telomeres: A Sex-Specific Link to Longevity?","authors":"A A Romero-Haro,&nbsp;J Figuerola,&nbsp;C Alonso-Alvarez","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the end of chromosomes that protect them from degradation. They have been the focus of intense research because short telomeres would predict accelerated ageing and reduced longevity in vertebrates. Oxidative stress is considered a physiological driver of the telomere shortening and, consequently, short lifespan. Among molecules fighting against oxidative stress, glutathione is involved in many antioxidant pathways. Literature supports that oxidative stress may trigger a compensatory \"hormetic\" response increasing glutathione levels and telomere length. Here, we tested the link between total glutathione concentration and telomere length in captive birds (zebra finches; <i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>). Total glutathione levels were experimentally decreased during birds' growth using a specific inhibitor of glutathione synthesis (buthionine sulfoximine; BSO). We monitored the birds' reproductive performance in an outdoor aviary during the first month of life, and their longevity for almost 9 years. Among control individuals, erythrocyte glutathione levels during development positively predicted erythrocyte telomere length in adulthood. However, BSO-treated females, but not males, showed longer telomeres than control females in adulthood. This counterintuitive finding suggests that females mounted a compensatory response. Such compensation agrees with precedent findings in the same population where the BSO treatment increased growth and adult body mass in females but not males. BSO did not influence longevity or reproductive output in any sex. However, early glutathione levels and adult telomere length interactively predicted longevity only among control females. Those females with \"naturally\" low (non-manipulated) glutathione levels at the nestling age but capable of producing longer telomeres in adulthood seem to live longer. The results suggest that the capability to mount a hormetic response triggered by low early glutathione levels can improve fitness via telomere length. Overall, the results may indicate a sex-specific link between glutathione and telomere values. Telomerase activity and sexual steroids (estrogens) are good candidates to explain the sex-biased mechanism underlying the early-life impact of oxidative stress on adult telomere length.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10519275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turtle Shell Kinesis Underscores Constraints and Opportunities in the Evolution of the Vertebrate Musculoskeletal System.","authors":"G A Cordero","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species groups that feature traits with a low number of potentially variable (evolvable) character states are more likely to repeatedly evolve similar phenotypes, that is, convergence. To evaluate this phenomenon, this present paper addresses anatomical alterations in turtles that convergently evolved shell kinesis, for example, the movement of shell bones to better shield the head and extremities. Kinesis constitutes a major departure from the evolutionarily conserved shell of modern turtles, yet it has arisen independently at least 8 times. The hallmark signature of kinesis is the presence of shell bone articulations or \"hinges,\" which arise via similar skeletal remodeling processes in species that do not share a recent common ancestor. Still, the internal biomechanical components that power kinesis may differ in such distantly related species. Complex diarthrodial joints and modified muscle connections expand the functional boundaries of the limb girdles and neck in a lineage-specific manner. Some lineages even exhibit mobility of thoracic and sacral vertebrae to facilitate shell closure. Depending on historical contingency and structural correlation, a myriad of anatomical alterations has yielded similar functional outcomes, that is, many-to-one mapping, during the convergent evolution of shell kinesis. The various iterations of this intricate phenotype illustrate the potential for the vertebrate musculoskeletal system to undergo evolutionary change, even when constraints are imposed by the development and structural complexity of a shelled body plan. Based on observations in turtles and comparisons to other vertebrates, a hypothetical framework that implicates functional interactions in the origination of novel musculoskeletal traits is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10576247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interspecific Variation in the Inner Ear Maculae of Sharks.","authors":"Derek J Sauer,&nbsp;Kara E Yopak,&nbsp;Craig A Radford","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is well-documented diversity in the organization of inner ear hair cells in fishes; this variation is thought to reflect the differing functional requirements of species across a range of ecological niches. However, relatively little is known about interspecific variation (and its potential ecological implications) in the number and density of inner ear hair cells in elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays). In this study, we quantified inner ear hair cells in the saccule, lagena, utricle, and macula neglecta of 9 taxonomically and ecologically distinct shark species. Using phylogenetically informed comparative approaches, sharks that feed in the water column had significantly greater hair cell density and total number of hair cells in the lagena and macula neglecta (i.e., vertically oriented maculae) compared to species that feed primarily on the seafloor. In addition, sharks within Carcharhinidae seemingly possess a specialized macula neglecta compared to other shark species. Overall, findings suggest that, similar to bony fishes, there is considerable variation in hair cell organization of shark inner ears, which may be tied to variation in ecology and/or specialized behaviors between different species.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10506894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41118045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Survive a (Juvenile) Piranha Attack: An Integrative Approach to Evaluating Predator Performance.","authors":"A Lowe,&nbsp;M A Kolmann,&nbsp;E W M Paig-Tran","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Figures: </strong>Cory cat panel figureDrawing of bite force measuring equipment and indentation rig <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i> jaw muscle morphology and skull anatomyBox plot grid of number of <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i> bites before puncture along different body regions of <i>Corydoras trilineatus</i> during feeding trials resultsDrawing of color-coded <i>Corydoras trilineatus</i> with attack frequencies and average bites until puncture by <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i>Box plot of average voluntary juvenile <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i> bite forces to standard lengthPanel of linear ordinary least-squares regressions of <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i> bite force to adductor mandibulae mass, standard length, and body massOrdinary least-squares regressions of voluntary bites to restrained bites of <i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i>Panel of indentation tests for intact and removed <i>Corydoras trilineatus</i> scutesPanel of indentation tests for <i>Corydoras trilineatus</i> body region.</p><p><strong>Synopsis: </strong>There is an evolutionary arms race between predators and prey. In aquatic environments, predatory fishes often use sharp teeth, powerful bites, and/or streamlined bodies to help capture their prey quickly and efficiently. Conversely, prey are often equipped with antipredator adaptations including: scaly armor, sharp spines, and/or toxic secretions. This study focused on the predator-prey interactions between the armored threestripe cory catfish (<i>Corydoras trilineatus</i>) and juvenile red-bellied piranha (<i>Pygocentrus nattereri</i>). Specifically, we investigated how resistant cory catfish armor is to a range of natural and theoretical piranha bite forces and how often this protection translated to survival from predator attacks by <i>Corydoras</i>. We measured the bite force and jaw functional morphology of <i>P. nattereri</i>, the puncture resistance of defensive scutes in <i>C. trilineatus</i>, and the <i>in situ</i> predatory interactions between the two. The adductor mandibulae muscle in juvenile <i>P. nattereri</i> is robust and delivers an average bite force of 1.03 N and maximum bite force of 9.71 N, yet its prey, <i>C. trilineatus</i>, survived 37% of confirmed bites without any damage. The <i>C. trilineatus</i> armor withstood an average of nine bites before puncture by <i>P. nattereri</i>. Predation was successful only when piranhas bit unarmored areas of the body, at the opercular opening and at the caudal peduncle. This study used an integrative approach to understand the outcomes of predator-prey interactions by evaluating the link between morphology and feeding behavior. We found that juvenile <i>P. nattereri</i> rarely used a maximal bite force and displayed a net predation success rate on par with other adult vertebrates. Conversely, <i>C. trilineatus</i> successfully avoided predation by orienting predator attacks toward their resilient, axial armor and behavioral strategies that reduced the predator's abilit","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41199832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue Distribution of mtDNA Copy Number And Expression Pattern of An mtDNA-Related Gene in Three Teleost Fish Species.","authors":"B Li, H Wang, C Jiang, X Zeng, T Zhang, S Liu, Z Zhuang","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Teleosts are the most speciose vertebrates and have diverse swimming performance. Based on swimming duration and speed, teleosts are broadly divided into sustained, prolonged, and burst swimming fish. Teleosts with different swimming performance have different energy requirements. In addition, energy requirement also varies among different tissues. As mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is correlated with ATP production, we speculated that mtDNA copy number varies among fish with different swimming performance, as well as among different tissues. In other species, mtDNA copy number is regulated by <i>tfam</i> (mitochondrial transcription factor A) through mtDNA compaction and mito-genome replication initiation. In order to clarify the tissue distribution of mtDNA copy number and expression pattern of <i>tfam</i> in teleosts with disparate swimming performance, we selected representative fish with sustained swimming (<i>Pseudocaranx dentex</i>), prolonged swimming (<i>Takifugu rubripes</i>), and burst swimming (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>). We measured mtDNA copy number and <i>tfam</i> gene expression in 10 tissues of these three fish. The results showed the mtDNA content pattern of various tissues was broadly consistent among three fish, and high-energy demanding tissues contain higher mtDNA copy number. Slow-twitch muscles with higher oxidative metabolism possess a greater content of mtDNA than fast-twitch muscles. In addition, relatively higher mtDNA content in fast-twitch muscle of <i>P. olivaceus</i> compared to the other two fish could be an adaptation to their frequent burst swimming demands. And the higher mtDNA copy number in heart of <i>P. dentex</i> could meet their oxygen transport demands of long-distance swimming. However, <i>tfam</i> expression was not significantly correlated with mtDNA copy number in these teleosts, suggesting <i>tfam</i> may be not the only factor regulating mtDNA content among various tissues. This study can lay a foundation for studying the role of mtDNA in the adaptive evolution of various swimming ability in teleost fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10495257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10626435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Method for Rapid 3D Reconstruction of Semi-Transparent Underwater Animals and Structures.","authors":"Joost Daniels, Giovanna Sainz, Kakani Katija","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obad023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphological features are the primary identifying properties of most animals and key to many comparative physiological studies, yet current techniques for preservation and documentation of soft-bodied marine animals are limited in terms of quality and accessibility. Digital records can complement physical specimens, with a wide array of applications ranging from species description to kinematics modeling, but options are lacking for creating models of soft-bodied semi-transparent underwater animals. We developed a lab-based technique that can live-scan semi-transparent, submerged animals, and objects within seconds. To demonstrate the method, we generated full three-dimensional reconstructions (3DRs) of an object of known dimensions for verification, as well as two live marine animals-a siphonophore and an amphipod-allowing detailed measurements on each. Techniques like these pave the way for faster data capture, integrative and comparative quantitative approaches, and more accessible collections of fragile and rare biological samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10372866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9910313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}