球形春尾鱼 Dicyrtomina minuta 的跳跃性能和行为

IF 2.2 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Integrative Organismal Biology Pub Date : 2024-08-29 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/iob/obae029
A A Smith, J S Harrison
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引用次数: 0

摘要

箭尾是地球上数量最多的节肢动物之一,它们表现出独特的闩式弹簧驱动跳跃行为和解剖系统。尽管如此,春尾的跳跃行为还没有得到很好的描述,尤其是那些具有球状体型的春尾。在这里,我们对球形春尾鼠 Dicyrtomina minuta 的跳跃进行了完整的描述和可视化。以毛皮为动力的跳跃能在 1.7 毫秒内以 1 毫秒-1 的平均速度起飞,起飞时的最快加速度为 1938 毫秒-2。所有跳跃过程中,身体始终快速向后旋转,平均旋转速度为 282.2 赫兹,峰值为 368.7 赫兹。尽管身体长度仅为 1-2 毫米,但跳跃导致的后退轨迹水平距离达 102 毫米,垂直距离达 62 毫米。在后方刺激下的逃逸跳跃并没有引起前向跳跃,这表明D. minuta无法在其正前方90°方向内引导跳跃离开平坦表面。最后,我们观察到了两种着陆策略:可立即停顿和恢复的副鳃锚定着陆和弹簧尾混乱翻滚的不受控着陆。与其他快速跳跃的节肢动物相比,球状春尾跳跃的线性表现介于跳蚤和蛙蛙等其他系统之间。然而,在身体的角度旋转方面,D. minuta 等球状弹簧尾虫超越了所有其他动物系统。鉴于这些物种非凡的性能指标、独特的行为反应以及未被充分研究的性质,球形弹簧虫为进一步描述和比较提供了大好机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Jumping Performance and Behavior of the Globular Springtail Dicyrtomina minuta.

Springtails are among the most abundant arthropods on earth and they exhibit unique latch-mediated spring-actuated jumping behaviors and anatomical systems. Despite this, springtail jumps have not been well described, especially for those with a globular body plan. Here, we provide a complete description and visualization of jumping in the globular springtail Dicyrtomina minuta. A furca-powered jump results in an average take-off velocity of 1 ms-1 in 1.7 ms, with a fastest acceleration to liftoff of 1938 ms-2. All jumps involve rapid backwards body rotation throughout, rotating on average at 282.2 Hz with a peak rate of 368.7 Hz. Despite body lengths of 1-2 mm, jumping resulted in a backwards trajectory traveling up to 102 mm in horizontal distance and 62 mm in vertical. Escape jumps in response to posterior stimulation did not elicit forward-facing jumps, suggesting that D. minuta is incapable of directing a jump off a flat surface within the 90° heading directly in front of them. Finally, two landing strategies were observed: collophore-anchoring, which allows for an immediate arrest and recovery, and uncontrolled landings where the springtail chaotically tumbles. In comparison to other fast jumping arthropods, linear performance measures globular springtail jumps place them between other systems like fleas and froghoppers. However, in angular body rotation, globular springtails like D. minuta surpass all other animal systems. Given the extraordinary performance measures, unique behavioral responses, and understudied nature of these species, globular springtails present promising opportunities for further description and comparison.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
48
审稿时长
20 weeks
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