Integrative Organismal Biology最新文献

{"title":"A Vision for VenomsBase: An Integrated Knowledgebase for the Study of Venoms and Their Applications.","authors":"T A Castoe, M Daly, F Jungo, K N Kirchhoff, I Koludarov, S Mackessy, J Macrander, S Mehr, M V Modica, E E Sanchez, G Zancolli, M Holford","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venoms are complex bioactive mixtures that have independently evolved across diverse animal lineages, including snails, insects, sea anemones, spiders, scorpions, and snakes. Despite the growing interest in venom research, data is fragmented across disparate databases which lack standardization and interoperability. A vision for the proposed VenomsBase platform presented here seeks to address these challenges by using the best practices approach in creating a centralized, open-access platform adhering to FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reproducible). VenomsBase will unify venom datasets, standardize terminology, and enable comparative analyses across species, facilitating novel toxin discovery and functional annotation. Key features of VenomsBase include user-friendly data submission modules with built-in validation, advanced cross-species analysis tools, and integration of multidisciplinary datasets spanning genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, functional assays, and ecological metadata. A modular, cloud-based design will ensure scalability, while heuristic scoring systems will guide users toward high-confidence data entries. To promote accessibility, the envisioned VenomsBase will provide tutorials, regular training sessions, case studies, and feedback loops, supporting researchers at all levels. By harmonizing venom research and addressing the limitations of outdated or nonstandardized methods, VenomsBase aims to revolutionize the field, while being continuously improved and refined by venom experts. This initiative will unlock venoms' potential to make groundbreaking discoveries, address global health challenges, and foster collaboration and innovation across the scientific community.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12259279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Endogenous Factors and Ontogenetic Stages on the Metabolic Rate of the Mediterranean Spider Crab <i>Maja squinado</i> (Herbst, 1788).","authors":"M-C Raffalli, J-J Filippi, J Bracconi, N Gattacceca, J-B Ronchi-Perfetti, A Crescioni, J-H Lignot, E D H Durieux","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Mediterranean, populations of the spider crab <i>Maja squinado</i> are drastically declining. As a critical step toward restoration efforts, this study investigates ontogenetic metabolic changes from larvae to adults, accounting for size, molt stage, and sex. Routine metabolic rates were measured in reared larvae and juveniles, and wild-caught adults. Zoea 1, the first planktonic stage, showed higher metabolic rates than zoea 2, likely due to a greater proportion of metabolically inactive tissue and differing energy sources (egg reserves vs. exogenous feeding). From megalopa to benthic juvenile stages, metabolic rates increased exponentially, probably reflecting increased organ complexity and activity. However, rates declined significantly from 7-month-old juveniles to adults, potentially due to reduced growth, longer intermolt periods, and behavioral adaptations. Among adults, males exhibited metabolic rates twice as high as females, likely linked to greater territorial and reproductive activity. In 7-month-old juveniles at 14°C, mass-specific metabolic rate is inversely correlated with body size: individuals <20 g consumed oxygen at twice the mass-specific rate of those >80 g. The log₁₀ of oxygen consumption positively correlated with log₁₀ wet mass, with a \"b\" factor of 0.83. Molting also drastically influences metabolic activity, with lower rates observed in postmolt individuals than in individuals in premolt stages. The successful rearing of <i>M. squinado</i> and the significant physiological insights gained into the different developmental stages enhance our understanding of the species' biological processes, and pave the way for further analyses before the implementation of restoration trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Within and Between-Leg Oil Transfer in an Oil Bee.","authors":"J Homburger, M Pineirua, J Casas, T Speck, F Gallenmüller","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oil bees, which gather oil from flowers, transfer the floral oil collected from fore-legs, to middle-legs, and then to hind-legs, where they store the oil until release in the nest's brood cell. The complex leg maneuvers and the specialized hair types according to their location and function on the legs have been described in the past using morphological observations and <i>in vivo</i> behavioral monitoring, sometimes during flight. The aim of this work is to describe the different steps of oil transfer and to infer the role of the different hair types using a manipulative approach on isolated legs, controlled amounts of oil and high speed video recordings. A rapid and uni-directional capillary oil movement from the collecting ventral side of tarsi and/or tibiae to their dorsal side is observed in each fore-, middle-, and hind-legs. This suggests that plumose setae and pluridentate setae present different functionalities, acting either as oil donors or receptors, depending on their location on the legs. In the transfers observed, very little oil remains on the donor surface, so that a bee collecting oil from flower can quickly replenish the donor surface again.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-Induced Hatching: Clarifying Effects of Hydration and Heating Rate on Behavioral Thermal Tolerance of Red-Eyed Treefrog Embryos.","authors":"Estefany Caroline Guevara-Molina, Fernando Ribeiro Gomes, Karen M Warkentin","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anurans are one of the most diverse groups of vertebrates but also most threatened by current climate change effects such as increasing environmental temperatures and more frequent and prolonged periods without rain. Many tropical anurans lay terrestrial eggs that are particularly vulnerable to drying and warming. In some such species, embryos hatch prematurely to escape from drying eggs. In red-eyed treefrogs, <i>Agalychnis callidryas</i>, embryos hatch early to escape both drying and excessive warming, expressing a behavioral thermal tolerance (i.e., VT_Max). Prior research suggested that drying reduces the VT_Max of embryos. However, because hydrated clutches warmed more slowly, the effect of drying on VT_Max was confounded with that of faster warming. To disentangle these dynamics, we designed a novel apparatus to warm terrestrial frog egg-clutches at controlled rates and minimize evaporative cooling. We independently manipulated clutch hydration and heat input to assess their individual and combined effects on embryo VT_Max. Proportional egg-volume loss was similar across hydration × heat input categories. High heat input resulted in higher clutch warming rates and shorter trial durations, across hydration levels. Within clutches, warming rates differed between back and surface thermocouple positions, generating thermal gradients as warming progressed. Clutch dehydration reduced embryo VT_Max, with no main or interacting effect of heat input. This evidence that egg drying reduces thermal tolerance across testing conditions supports a direct role for hydration in the behavioral decisions of warming embryos, rather than an indirect effect mediated by changes in evaporative cooling. It suggests that embryos assessing risk integrate information about hydration, and perhaps changes in hydration, with information about current and changing temperature. These findings highlight the value of methods to independently manipulate hydration and heating rate, showing the complexity of thermal ecology in embryonic ectotherms. We encourage further research on temperature and hydration effects on embryo hatching to better understand tropical anurans' adaptive strategies under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energetics and Oxidative Status: Seasonal Variation in Blood Oxidative Stress Metrics in Four Species of Small Birds from a Cold Winter Climate.","authors":"A G Jiménez, C J Marolf, O R Gulseth, S K Anandan, D L Swanson","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Birds that overwinter in temperate regions must be physiologically flexible to face the demands of living in a thermally fluctuating environment. Much of the previous literature on this topic focuses on whole-animal metabolic rates and corresponding cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable these birds to withstand the demands of changing environmental conditions. Basal and maximal shivering metabolic rates, as well as daily energy expenditure, typically increase in winter for small birds overwintering in cold climates, which might increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within mitochondria as a natural byproduct of aerobic metabolism. In this study, we measured summer to winter differences in oxidative balance in four species of resident passerine birds. Blood samples were taken from field-collected American goldfinch (<i>Spinus tristis)</i>, black-capped chickadee (<i>Poecile atricapillus</i>), house finch (<i>Haemorhous mexicanus</i>), and house sparrow (<i>Passer domesticus</i>) during the summer and winter of 2023-2024 in South Dakota, USA. We determined plasma total antioxidant capacity and lipid oxidative damage, and red blood cell activities of three antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Lipid oxidative damage was significantly lower in winter for three of four species, and total antioxidant capacity for all species was significantly lower in winter compared with summer. Across all species, CAT activity was significantly higher in summer than in winter. In contrast, SOD activity was significantly higher in winter than in summer for all species. We also found species-level differences across the two seasons. These data suggest that the higher thermoregulatory costs in winter do not result in consistently elevated oxidative damage or antioxidant capacities relative to summer in small resident birds in cold climates, despite previously demonstrated winter increases in metabolic rates and energy expenditure. Such a result might occur as a function of either a reduction in dietary antioxidants and/or uncoupling of ROS production and metabolism in winter relative to summer or may be related to oxidative costs associated with reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Sun Compass Orientation in Migrating Anadromous versus Resident Freshwater Threespine Sticklebacks (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>).","authors":"L Spiecker, M Laurien, F Schröder, J C C Moreno, S M Fübbeker, S Lüdtke, C Walter, A W Nolte, G Gerlach","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the northern coastal hemisphere, different ecotypes of the threespine stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) can be distinguished phenotypically by a different number of lateral bone plates and by their body shape and size. We focused on (1) anadromous sticklebacks, which migrate from the sea to rivers to spawn and (2) freshwater sticklebacks, which live in rivers all year round. Migration behavior is a key feature in the evolution of ecotypes, but the underlying mechanisms of migration are poorly understood. To learn more about possible orientation mechanisms that could lead to goal-directed migration, we tested anadromous sticklebacks for their sun compass orientation and compared their orientation behavior with that of the freshwater ecotype. Behavioral experiments revealed ecotype-dependent differences, whereby the ability to orient is consistently present in the anadromous ecotype, whereas the orientation in the freshwater ecotype corresponds to a random directional distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward understanding the fast latex coagulation in <i>Campanula</i> spp. (Campanulaceae).","authors":"M H M Wermelink, M L Becker, R Konradi, C Taranta, M Ranft, S Nord, J Rühe, T Speck, S Kruppert","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The plant most commonly known for producing latex is the Pará rubber tree, <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>. There are, however, thousands of latex-bearing plant species, and these species exhibit a diverse array of different types of latex, each type in accordance with its producers' main selective pressure after injury. One key function of latex is to seal, but the most crucial necessities for wound sealing differ by the environment. For species growing in arid climates, for example, minimizing water loss is crucial whereas in tropical ecosystems a strong (chemical) defense against herbivores, parasites, and germs is of more imminent importance. This diversity of ecosystems and species' environments is mirrored by a respective diversity in latices' chemical compositions, material properties, and coagulation times. While some plant species solely rely on evaporation of water for their latex coagulation, the <i>H. brasiliensis</i> latex contains the coagulation assisting protein Hevein, allowing for coagulation in 30 min. With coagulation times of 10 s and below, species of the genus <i>Campanula</i> pose considerable challenge to the measurement of latex characteristics. We here present an overview to the coagulation of latex in the genus <i>Campanula</i> and reveal substantial differences to the latex coagulation of <i>H. brasiliensis</i>. For a collection of 6 different <i>Campanula</i> species, we determined coagulation times under different temperatures, latex dry weights, contact angles of water droplets on latex surfaces and imaged laticifer cross-sections using cryo-SEM. We found <i>Campanula</i> latex to coagulate significantly faster than <i>Hevea</i> latex and no evidence of <i>Hevea-</i>like lutoids in the laticifers. A coagulation test in a pressure chamber further revealed <i>Campanula</i> latex to coagulate at pressures of 8 bar, where latex coagulation in <i>Ficus benjamina</i>, which is described to have similar coagulation mechanism as <i>Hevea</i>, has previously been reported to be impaired. Our findings thus suggest <i>Campanula</i> latex coagulation to follow a different mechanism than the one described in <i>Hevea</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system increases DNA damage during the transition to captivity.","authors":"D A V Kilgour, L M Romero","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior work has demonstrated that both acute and chronic stress can increase the number of double-stranded breaks detected in DNA and that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is the primary driver of increases in DNA damage during acute stress. However, the role of the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) system in causing the increase in DNA damage observed during chronically stressful situations such as the transition to captivity is less well understood. We tested the hypothesis that chronic SAM activation via catecholamine release increases DNA damage by administering a beta-blocker to wild house sparrows (<i>Passer domesticus</i>) at capture and throughout the day during the first few days of captivity. We quantified double-stranded DNA breaks throughout the 2-week transition to captivity. We found that immediately following the treatment period, both control and beta-blocker-treated birds had similar levels of DNA damage, but after 2 weeks in captivity, treated birds had lower levels of damage. These data suggest that SAM system activation plays a role in creating the previously observed patterns of DNA damage during chronic stress and that suppressing SAM effects may lead to faster recovery and less damage overall, thereby easing the transition to captivity for wild animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction and Optical Analysis of the Extracellular Fluid from the Body Segments of <i>Apis mellifera</i> Bees.","authors":"J Hernández, F Mesa, A Riveros, R Fayad, J Nisperuza","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/iob/obaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study developed and optimized a methodology based on controlled centrifugation for the segmented extraction of extracellular fluid in <i>Apis mellifera</i> bees. Three critical variables were analyzed: relative centrifugal force, centrifugation time, and the number of individuals processed, ensuring the reproducibility and efficiency of the procedure. The results demonstrated significant differences in the volume of fluid recovered from different body segments, with the abdomen yielding the highest volumes, followed by the thorax and the head. UV-Vis spectroscopic characterization revealed distinct optical features for the samples, identifying specific absorbance peaks unique to each segment. Furthermore, biochemical analysis using Benedict's reagent confirmed the presence of reducing sugars, with head samples displaying the most intense coloration. These findings underscore the importance of segment-specific analysis to gain deeper insights into the physiology and metabolism of bees. The proposed methodology offers a novel and robust tool for physiological, metabolic, and ecotoxicological studies, facilitating the assessment of environmental and contaminant impacts on pollinator health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Predation by a Nudibranch Mollusc.","authors":"K Otter, S Gamidova, P S Katz","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Synopsis: </strong>Social predation is a common strategy used by predators to subdue and consume prey. Animals that use this strategy have diverse methods of finding each other, organizing behaviors, and capturing prey. There is wide variation in the extent to which these behaviors are coordinated and in the stability of individual roles. This study characterizes social predation by the nudibranch mollusc, <i>Berghia stephanieae</i>, which is a specialist predator that eats only the sea anemone, <i>Exaiptasia diaphana</i>. A combination of experimental and modeling approaches established that <i>Berghia</i> consistently preys upon <i>E. diaphana</i> in groups, even when resources are abundant. However, this preference for social foraging does not appear to be a fixed personality trait, as individuals did not exhibit stable roles such as leader or follower. Instead, the population exhibited fission-fusion dynamics with temporary roles during predation. The extent of this social feeding was not altered by length of food deprivation, suggesting that animals are not shifting strategies based on hunger state. Furthermore, classic gastropod cues-such as slime trails, attraction to injured anemones, or preference for conspecifics feeding-did not facilitate group formation. Thus, <i>Berghia</i> provides an example of a specialist predator of dangerous prey that loosely organizes social feeding, independent of hunger state and fixed individual roles, while the mechanism of aggregation remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Significance statement: </strong>Social predation is an adaptive strategy that enables predators to subdue dangerous prey while minimizing injury. Many nudibranchs specialize to predate upon cnidarians, which pose unique challenges due to their potent defenses. Although nudibranchs are often characterized as solitary hunters, our study reveals that <i>Berghia stephanieae</i> exhibits social predation behaviors, forming temporary, fluid groups to feed on sea anemones. These groups lack stable social structures, with individuals adopting temporary roles such as joining or initiating feeding. Interestingly, we found no evidence that aggregation is driven by simple cues such as slime trails, conspecific activity, or prey injury, suggesting that group formation may depend on more complex or context-specific mechanisms. This work highlights the need for further research into the ecological and sensory factors underlying social predation in nudibranchs and other marine predators.</p>","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"obaf017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}