International Blood Research & Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Coronavirus: A Laboratory Perspective","authors":"Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Chukwu Christopher Ifunaya, E. Roseline","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2021/v12i430155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2021/v12i430155","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a virus of the species of the Family coronaviridae known as as SARS-COV-2. This virus is easily contracted and/transmitted from an infected person to another healthy individual and has continued to spread rapidly. The aim of this review is to identify laboratory methods used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 test are aimed at detecting active infection, or past infection, or an immunization so as to treat and curb the further spread of the virus. The initial viral detection is typically carried out with the upper respiratory tract (URT) sample. Repeated testing is particularly helpful and essential if a patient has a clinical appearance of viral pneumonia, radiographic results consistent with pneumonia and/or a history of potential exposure. The Centre of Disease Control and Prevention, CDC recommends the collection of specimens from the lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract, and the blood. The lower respiratory tract sample includes; the sputum, broncheoalveolar lavage, bronchial wash, tracheal aspirate, and pleural fluid.  The upper respiratory tract specimens include; the nasopharyngeal swab, and oropharyngeal swab (NP/OP swabs). Some laboratory techniques developed and in use for the detection of Covid-19 are; nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), antibody detection, and viral antigen detection. The role of the laboratory assay in diagnosis of COVID-19 infection or disease cannot be                            under-estimated, timing and site of specimen collected must be followed by adequate                 professional training to ensure result accuracy. This review provides information on available laboratory techniques for the diagnosis of the viral infection and their potential merits and           limitations.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90299642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypocholesterolemia and Statins in Multiple Myeloma","authors":"I. Yavaşoğlu, A. Turgutkaya","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2021/v12i430156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2021/v12i430156","url":null,"abstract":"Statins are lipid-lowering agents. They also have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-proliferative functions. In this context, they are demonstrated to have beneficial effects on mortality in several malignancies including esophageal, breast, lung, liver, pancreatic, endometrial, and colorectal cancers. Multiple myeloma is considered as an incurable plasma cell disorder with current therapy; however due to the current knowledge about the correlation between cholesterol-lowering agents and myeloma; it’s suggested to have lower mortality rates for patients using statins.  Patients with multiple myeloma usually have a low cholesterol level which is often underestimated by clinicians. Hereby we aimed to summarize the myeloma-hypocholesterolemia relationship and emphasize the importance of statins as an inexpensive and beneficial approach for these patients.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82493407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Haemoglobin Variants on Glycemic Indices","authors":"Victor Tuanwii, Jonathan, Nyebuchi, Albert Lesere Nwibani, Friday Ogidigba, Felix Eedee Konne, Fyneface Chikadibia Amadi","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2021/v13i130161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2021/v13i130161","url":null,"abstract":"Haemoglobin genotypes have been known to be linked with groups of diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of haemoglobin variants on glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin) in subjects in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A total of 150subjects were enrolled for the study with AA group = 99 subjects and AS group = 51 subjects. 4mls of blood was collected into EDTA bottle for each subject and was assayed for Hb electrophoresis and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) using electrophoretic method and automated CLOVER A1c Analyser respectively. 2mls was collected into fluoride oxalate bottle for spectrophotometric analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results revealed that there were no significant differences in the FBG and HbA1C  mean  levels of the two studied groups (AA and AS). This study has shown that AA and AS blood genotypes may not have any impact on FBG and HbA1C glycemic parameters.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88498413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What a Clinical Hematologist Should Know about T Cells?","authors":"S. Sharma","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430137","url":null,"abstract":"T cell’s journey begins from the bone marrow and ends in the peripheral tissues by either fighting the infections or residing in the secondary lymphoid organs as memory T cell. Thymus plays most important role in transforming a docile T cell precursor into a warrior. T cell is one of the most important cells in health and disease. Various diseases originate from qualitative or quantitative defects in T cells leading to various inherited and acquired diseases. This simple and short review is focused on the basic understanding and clinical hematologist’s perspective of T cells.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85920821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Aqueous Extract of Terminalia catappa L. on Membrane Stability of Sickle Cell Erythrocytes","authors":"E. Chukwunyere, PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE, P. C. Anuforo, J. Adejor, H. Nwankwo","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The effects of 800 mg% aqueous extract of T. catappa on membrane stability of human erythrocytes of HbSS genotype were investigated using in vitro studies. \u0000Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the membrane stabilizing potential of aqueous extract of T. catappa on sickle cell erythrocytes. \u0000Study Design: Laboratory Experimental Design was used in this study. \u0000Place and Duration: Department of Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria. The study was carried out between November, 2010 and May, 2011. \u0000Materials and Methods: Spectrophotometric method was employed in determining the osmotic fragility index of HbSS erythrocytes. The mean corpuscular fragility (MCF) of the control was 0.422 ± 0.80 g/100 ml, whereas that of the test sample was 0.36 ± 0.014 g/100 ml. The percentage stabilization for the HbSS erythrocytes, which was calculated using the MCF values, was 14.28%. The MCF values of the control and the test showed significant difference (p < 0.05). \u0000Results: The result showed that aqueous extract of T. catappa exhibited an increasing capacity to stabilize HbSS erythrocytes membrane. \u0000Conclusion: The present study showed that aqueous extract of T. catappa L. exhibited membrane stability potential on sickle cell erythrocytes.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90955154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Jatropha tanjorensis (Hospital too far); Significance as an Anti-Anaemia Plant","authors":"A. Rizwan, K. M. Rabiu, V. Ayuba, Otanwa Oladunni Omolabake","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430134","url":null,"abstract":"Anaemia is a blood disorder which is a direct result of decreased hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and or red blood cell numbers (RBC) which culminates to loss of physiological potentials. It is a major public health problem in developing countries orchestrated by an imbalance between erythrocyte loss relative to production which occurs as a result of ineffective or deficient erythropoisis, nutritional deficiency, inflammation or genetic hemoglobin (Hb) disorder and or excessive loss of erythrocytes due to hemolysis, blood loss or both. An estimated 30-80% preschool age children at the age 1 year suffer from anaemia. Anaemia imposes deleterious consequences such as stunted physical and cognitive development, impaired language coordination and motor skill equivalent to a 5-10 points deficit in intelligent quotient (IQ). Anaemia in pregnancy translates to decreased productivity through energy loss and consequent lack of working capacity and consequent declination in household food security and income. Long before now, many plants had been used successfully to address anaemia locally, one of which is Jatropha tanjorensis dubbed Review Article Ansari et al.; IBRR, 11(4): 1-7, 2020; Article no.IBRR.62292 2 “Hospital too far” a name it acquired as a result of its unverified perceived exceptional anti-anaemic property. Therefore, this review aims at evaluating the veracity of the impression on Jatropha tanjorensis as an exceptional anti-anaemic plant using data derived from studies on anti-anaemic plants.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85712918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple, Fast and Reliable Method of Taking Photograph with Small Sized Cellotape Assisted Smartphone on Light Microscope: The Urip Susiantoro Approach in Limited Resources Setting","authors":"F. E. Siagian, Urip Susiantoro","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i430135","url":null,"abstract":"Documenting an object seen in a light microscope is a challenge, especially in limited setting area, \u0000for an example when doing field trip for environmental sampling. Taking photographs directly using \u0000smartphone, or so called microscopic photography, is not easy. Here we proposed a simple, fast \u0000and reliable method of taking photograph with small sized cello tape assisted smartphone on light \u0000microscope. We named this procedure “the Urip Susiantoro approach”, methods can be practiced in \u0000limited resources setting.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78512403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia and Other Blood Symptoms Related Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis: An Internet Approach of Systematic Literature Study Reported Across Indonesia","authors":"F. E. Siagian, Esy Maryanti","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i330133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i330133","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH) is still a global major problem, affecting billion vulnerable people of marginalized and unfortunate communities from low to middle level social economic countries. Poor personal hygiene and sanitary practice facilitates its transmission. Children and pregnant women are the most vulnerable group. It causes spectrum of clinical conditions from completely asymptomatic to severe, but anemia and nutritional derangement are the most prominent. Anemia related STH itself was already a huge problem, especially when affected susceptible individuals. In the internet, the data on Indonesia’s prevalence of anemia and other blood symptom related STH with its contributing factors are always considered sparse and incomplete. The aim of this systematic literature study was to provide that data by doing the internet literature searching on Indonesia’s electronic data regarding this condition. Systematic Review Article Siagian and Maryanti; IBRR, 11(3): 34-47, 2020; Article no.IBRR.62089 35 Methods: A systematic review was done using popular search engine in the internet. All kind of research study, no matter the design (cross sectional, case control or prospective cohort), that fit with inclusion criteria which is anemia or other blood related symptoms (e.g. eosinophilia) related to STH were included. Result: There were 37 studies found on this issues, from 2001 until 2020. Most studies reported anemia that developed during the course of the disease with the clinical spectrum varies from asymptomatic to severe form.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86039334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bing-Neel Syndrome – A Challenging Diagnosis: Case Report","authors":"Y. Davidkova, N. Simonoski, B. Spassov, G. Balatzenko, M. Guenova","doi":"10.9734/IBRR/2020/V11I330132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IBRR/2020/V11I330132","url":null,"abstract":"Bing-Neel syndrome is a rare neurologic complication of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, characterized by infiltration of the central nervous system by clonal lymphoplasmacytes. We present a rare clinical case of a patient, who one year after the diagnosis of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, progressed with diverse neurologic presentation and cerebrospinal fluid involvement. The diagnosis was based on magnetic resonance imaging and flow cytometry detection of clonal B-cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. Bing-Neel syndrome should be considered in patients with neurologic symptoms and a history of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76752146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral Content and Antisickling Activity of Annona senegalensis, Alchornea cordifolia and Vigna unguiculata Used in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease in the Kwilu Province (Congo, DR)","authors":"J. M. Kitadi, C. L. Inkoto, E. Lengbiye, D. Tshibangu, D. Tshilanda, K. Ngbolua, K. Taba, B. M. Mbala, B. Schmitz, P. Mpiana","doi":"10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i330131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i330131","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To determine the mineral composition of some plants (Annona senegalensis Pers., Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Müll. Arg. and Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp.) used in the management of sickle cell disease by traditional practitioners in Kwilu province and to evaluate their antisickling activity in vitro. Original Research Article Kitadi et al.; IBRR, 11(3): 18-27, 2020; Article no.IBRR.60415 19 Study Design: Plant collection in the Kwilu province, sample preparation, antisickling tests and fluorescence spectrometric analysis. Place and Duration of Study: This work was performed at the Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, Congo DR, from October 2016 to January 2018. Methodology: These three plants were harvested in the province of Kwilu in Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mineral composition analysis was carried out using the fluorescence spectrometric method while the in vitro antisickling activity was evaluate using Emmel and hemolysis tests. Results: Twenty three mineral elements were identified in each of these three plants: Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphur (S), Chlorine (Cl) and trace elements as: Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Brome (Br), Molybdenum (Mo), Tin (Sn), Iodine (I), Barium (Ba) and Lead (Pb). Annona senegalensis Pers., Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Müll.Arg. and Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp. aqueous extracts showed the capacity to prevent the sickling and the hemolysis of red blood cells. Conclusion: The obtained results confirm the antisickling activity thus justifying the use of these plants in Traditional Medicine for the management of sickle cell disease. The presence of some mineral elements like Fe, Zn, Mg and Se are useful for sickle cell disease patients.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86155797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}