International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Identifying Novel Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers and Drug Targets of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Integrating Mendelian Randomization, Bioinformatics, and Druggability Analysis.","authors":"Feifan Wang, Lu Chen, Yu Tian","doi":"10.1159/000543259","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammatory proteins have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to probe causal associations between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and IBD in the discovery and replication cohorts. Subsequently, we conducted meta-analysis of results from two cohorts. We further conducted protein-protein interaction (PPI), enrichment analysis, and druggability evaluation to elucidate our results and prioritize potential therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By integrating data from two cohorts, we demonstrated that genetically predicted CD40 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.878, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.838-0.919) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)5 (OR = 0.884, 95% CI = 0.841-0.930) decreased IBD risk. However, genetically predicted CXCL9 (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.084-1.294), interleukin (IL)-18 (OR = 1.140, 95% CI = 1.076-1.208), CD6 (OR = 1.096, 95% CI = 1.045-1.150), and 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (OR = 1.154, 95% CI = 1.070-1.244) increased IBD risk. Moreover, genetically predicted CD40 (OR = 0.855, 95% CI = 0.801-0.912) decreased Crohn's disease (CD) risk. Genetically predicted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) (OR = 1.259, 95% CI = 1.135-1.397) and 4E-BP1 (OR = 1.202, 95% CI = 1.088-1.327) increased CD risk. We found no inflammatory protein associated with ulcerative colitis. Additionally, CD was significantly associated with elevated levels of three circulating inflammatory proteins, which are suggested to be the consequences of CD. PPI analysis demonstrated interactions between CXCL5, CXCL9, IL-18, CD40, and FGF21. Enrichment analysis indicated these identified proteins significantly enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways, including interleukin signaling, cytokine signaling, and NF-κB pathway. Three proteins (CD40, IL-18, 4E-BP1) have been targeted for drug development on cancers and immune-related diseases, with potentials of therapeutic targets for IBD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results provide new biomarkers and drug targets for CD. Moreover, we further demonstrate critical roles of inflammation and immunity in the occurrence and development of IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide Prevalence of Hereditary Angioedema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Samuel A Fisch, Andrew G Rundle, Alfred I Neugut, Daniel E Freedberg","doi":"10.1159/000543321","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease caused by dysfunction or lack of the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) protein. The true prevalence of HAE and whether this prevalence differs across regions is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of HAE worldwide, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. The pooled prevalence of HAE was calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity across studies was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies from 2000 to 2024 were included in the analysis, describing 11,245 cases of HAE. The pooled prevalence of HAE was 1.22 cases per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91, 1.53), with lower prevalences reported in Asia and Africa compared to Europe and North America. HAE type 1 made up most of the cases, with a slight female predominance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAE is a rare condition which affects 1-2 individuals per 100,000 people worldwide. A true estimate of the prevalence of HAE will inform care for the condition, especially as new treatment options become available.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Specific Immunotherapy Combined with Biologics in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dayu Guan, Yijun Liu, Yue Gu, Bowen Zheng, Rong Sun, Yang Shen, Yucheng Yang","doi":"10.1159/000543023","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic diseases are common clinical diseases. Although allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and biologics have been widely recognized, the clinical efficacy, safety, advantages, and disadvantages of the combined application have not yet been sufficiently recognized. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of AIT combined with biologics in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify studies investigating AIT combined with biologics for treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. The relevant outcome indicators, including incidences of emergency drug use, severe nasal symptoms, severe adverse effects (AEs), local reactions at the site of administration, headache, and general AEs, were collected and extracted. Routine and network meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan-5.4 and STATA-MP-14 to assess efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight RCTs and a retrospective study involving 1,494 patients aged 5-65 years with allergic rhinitis and asthma were included in this review. (1) Routine meta-analysis revealed that AIT combined with biologics was significantly better than control treatment (placebo, AIT, or biologics) in terms of the incidence of emergency drug use, severe nasal symptoms, and severe AEs (p = 0.0002; p = 0.01; p = 0.02). However, the differences in the incidence of local reactions at the site of administration, headache, and general AEs were not significant. (2) In the network meta-analysis, compared with AIT or placebo alone, AIT combined with biologics observably reduced the incidence of emergency drug use and severe nasal symptoms (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.73; OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.63). Furthermore, AIT combined with biologics yielded an evidently lower incidence of serious adverse reactions than AIT alone (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.23-0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined application of AIT and biologics has promising prospects in the clinical treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma due to the improvement of both clinical efficacy and safety (trial registration: Systemic Review Registration; PROSPERO #CRD42024496277).</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osthole Ameliorates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Pathway in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.","authors":"Peiqiang Liu, Wenjun Fan, Yu Xu","doi":"10.1159/000543408","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osthole, a naturally occurring coumarin derivative, has been isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Cnidium monnieri. This compound exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of osthole in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of osthole on nasal polyp (NP) formation were examined within a mouse model of NPs induced by cigarette smoke (CS). The detection of polypoid changes and goblet cell metaplasia was achieved through the use of hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining, respectively. The levels of TGF-β1, matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7, 9, and 12 (MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, MMP12), as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in nasal lavage fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was employed to ascertain the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, ZO-1, α-SMA, and vimentin), as well as the activity of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. The expression of E-cadherin in nasal epithelium was determined through immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the OVA+SEB or CS-exposed NP mouse model, osthole was observed to reduce the incidence of polypoid changes and goblet cells, while simultaneously increasing the expression of E-cadherin in the epithelium when compared to the CS-treated group. After treatment with osthole, the levels of TGF-β1, MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, and MMP12 in nasal lavage fluid were observed to decrease, while the levels of TIMP-1 were found to increase. In vitro, cigarette smoke extract was observed to downregulate the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1, while simultaneously upregulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. Moreover, osthole upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1 while downregulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. This effect of osthole was reversed by PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway agonists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osthole attenuates CS exposure-induced EMT via the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical application in the treatment of CRSwNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Isolates and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Adults with Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis of Sputum Cultures.","authors":"Esra Karabiber, Arzu Ilki, Yasemin Gökdemir, Halime Mualla Vatansever, Şehnaz Olgun Yıldızeli, Ahmet Ozen","doi":"10.1159/000541533","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are at increased risk of respiratory infection and frequently receive prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to identify respiratory pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns in IEI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 36 IEI patients with positive bacterial growth in sputum cultures between 2014 and 2023. Data covered hospitalizations, respiratory infections, yearly antibiotic prescriptions, past sputum cultures, and antibiotic sensitivities. Patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and bronchiectasis served as a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 314 sputum cultures were analyzed from patients with IEI, alongside 585 cultures from individuals with PCD and 113 cultures from patients with bronchiectasis. Patients with IEI had a median age of 23.5 years, with 61% male participants. The study compared the differences in bacterial isolates from sputum cultures and antibiotic resistance between patients with IEI and the control groups. The most common bacterial isolates across all groups were Haemophilus influenzae (159 isolates in IEI vs. 314 in PCD and 26 in bronchiectasis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In IEI patients, 992 symptomatic respiratory exacerbations and 43 pneumonia-related hospitalizations were recorded. Notably, H. influenzae in IEI patients showed high resistance rates to cefuroxime (82%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (66%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (59%), and ampicillin/sulbactam (49%). P. aeruginosa in IEI patients displayed significant resistance to ciprofloxacin (85%), ceftazidime (42%), and aminoglycosides (23-33%). Additionally, all S. pneumoniae isolates in IEI patients were tetracycline resistant, with high resistance rates to penicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin. It is essential to highlight the substantial resistance of common pathogens to oral antibiotics. In contrast, the control groups exhibited lower resistance rates across all bacterial isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern among vulnerable IEI patients. We suggest conducting similar investigations in other regions to address this issue. The findings should inform future infection management guidelines for IEIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"387-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and Analysis of Inhalant Allergens in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis in Yinchuan, China.","authors":"Yingjie Yu, Xiaohui Yan, Lixin Wang, Lun Dong, Dong Song, Jing Liu, Xiaoping Gao","doi":"10.1159/000541710","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the types and distribution characteristics of major inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Yinchuan, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 2,000 outpatients suspected of having AR were included from 2022 to 2023 at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Skin prick tests were performed on the included individuals using 13 common inhalant allergens: house dust mites, dust mites, tropical mites, Artemisia, dog hair, ragweed, cat hair, grass pollen, tree pollen, mold group I, mold group IV, German cockroach (Blattella germanica), and American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The results of the skin prick tests were summarized, and patients with positive results were grouped by ethnicity, gender, and age to compare the differences in the positive rates of various inhalant allergens between the groups. The number of patients visiting each month was recorded to analyze the temporal variation in the incidence rate and compare the differences in the main inhalant sensitizers among patients in each quarter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,000 included patients, there were 1,060 males and 940 females, with an average age of 18.7 years. Among the 2,000 outpatients who underwent allergen skin prick tests, 1,346 cases (67.30%) had positive results. The inhalant allergens were ranked in descending order of positive rates as follows: Artemisia (53.25%), dust mites (51.10%), house dust mites (49.10%), ragweed (45.70%), tropical mites (43.15%), dog hair (19.20%), cat hair (16.05%), American cockroach (12.10%), German cockroach (11.25%), grass pollen (9.15%), tree pollen (7.10%), mold group I (6.10%), and mold group IV (5.05%). There were no statistically significant differences in positive rates between different ethnicities or genders (all p > 0.05). Compared to patients aged 18 years and above, patients under 18 years old had statistically significant differences in positive rates for dust mites, Artemisia, ragweed, mold group I, and German cockroach (all p < 0.05). The seasonal distribution indicated that autumn had the highest number of patient visits in a year (579 cases, 58.95%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Artemisia and dust mites were the major inhalant allergens in patients with suspected AR in Yinchuan, China. The positive rate of inhalant allergen skin prick tests was not correlated with the ethnicity or gender of the local population. Autumn was the season with the highest frequency of visits by patients with suspected AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"445-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Intranasal Corticosteroids for Sleep Disturbances in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kenshiro Tabata, Yukiyoshi Sumi, Hatoko Sasaki, Noriko Kojimahara","doi":"10.1159/000541389","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541389","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic condition caused by an immunoglobulin E-mediated response to environmental allergens, which affects 10-40% of the global population. AR symptoms, such as nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, significantly reduce quality of life and are associated with sleep disturbances, further exacerbating the condition's burden. Despite the known impact of AR on sleep, the effects of intranasal corticosteroids on sleep quality have not been comprehensively reviewed. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids in improving sleep quality among patients with AR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023460698). A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ichushi-Web. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intranasal corticosteroids with placebos in patients with AR were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two authors. The primary outcome was the improvement in sleep quality measured by standardized questionnaires. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eighteen RCTs involving 6,019 participants were included. The meta-analysis of 12 comparisons from eight studies for the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire sleep domain showed significant improvement in sleep quality with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.292 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.235-0.350, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 0.0%). The Nocturnal Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire also showed improvement with an SMD of 0.284 (95% CI: 0.164-0.404, p &lt; 0.0001) based on two comparisons from one study. However, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale did not show significant results (SMD: 0.027, 95% CI: -0.429 to 0.483, p = 0.907) based on two comparisons from two studies. Sensitivity analysis, excluding two studies with high risk of bias according to RoB2, confirmed the robustness of these results. Subgroup analyses for patients with seasonal or perennial AR showed significant improvements in both groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study demonstrates that intranasal corticosteroids significantly improve sleep quality in patients with AR. These findings support the use of intranasal corticosteroids as a first-line treatment for AR, not only for managing daytime symptoms but also for enhancing sleep quality. Future research should focus on sleep quality changes as a primary outcome and incorporate both subjective and objective measures to better understand the relationship between sleep and AR symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) ","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"330-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Lung Cancer: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhizhao Zhang, Yahui Wang, Jing Zhao, Lei Liu, Pancen Ran, Yang Shu, Wei Xu, Guobin Fu","doi":"10.1159/000542281","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 has emerged as a significant worldwide health crisis in recent years, characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. COVID-19 vaccinations can diminish transmission and safeguard people. The evaluation of immunogenicity and safety in high-risk populations, such as lung cancer patients, continues to provide a problem. This evaluation seeks to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccinations in patients with lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from January 2021 to November 2022 utilizing the keywords: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 AND COVID-19 vaccination AND lung cancer OR lung carcinoma. The subsequent requirements must be satisfied for inclusion: (1) research involving at least 30 lung cancer patients undergoing active antitumor therapy alongside healthy controls; (2) COVID-19 vaccination; (3) observational studies (either prospective or retrospective) and clinical trials featuring healthy controls; (4) the primary outcome measured was anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike IgG titers following the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in lung cancer patients. Secondary results included local and systemic adverse responses following the first and second doses. Antibody titers (mean ± standard deviation) were assessed for each study individually. The occurrence of adverse events following the first and second dosages was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included, comprising 1,220 lung cancer patients and 599 healthy persons. IgG titers against the SARS-CoV-2-spike protein were markedly reduced in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). The safety profiles of lung cancer patients and healthy individuals were comparable: local reaction after the first vaccine: relative risk (RR) = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.68-1.19; systemic reaction after the first vaccine: RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.51-1.66; local reaction after the second vaccine: RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.19; systemic reaction after the second vaccine: RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.65-2.21.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The antibody titer in lung cancer patients is markedly lower than that in the healthy group. Consequently, fatalities from COVID-19 may transpire in these people notwithstanding vaccination. Consequently, comprehensive protective measures must continue to be implemented to safeguard lung cancer patients who have received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"594-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baicalin Attenuates Type 2 Immune Responses in a Mouse Allergic Asthma Model through Inhibiting the Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin.","authors":"Zhisen Zeng, Yaoxin Ruan, Haoran Ying, Jie Wang, Huangbin Wang, Shuzhen Chen","doi":"10.1159/000541100","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Baicalin is a flavonoid chemical extracted and purified from the traditional Chinese medicine named Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which possesses broad pharmacological properties. Our work aimed to explore the protective role of baicalin in allergic asthma and its potential mechanisms on regulating type 2 immune response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) twice, further challenged with OVA aerosol for continuous 5 days. For baicalin group, mice were pre-administrated with baicalin. After the final challenge, the immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood were examined. The cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Histological inspections were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression in lungs were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The eosinophils infiltrating in BALF were reduced remarkably in baicalin-treated asthmatic mice. Baicalin decreased OVA-induced inflammatory cytokines and total serum immunoglobulin E secretion significantly. Moreover, baicalin alleviated the asthmatic pathological changes and substantially suppressed TSLP expression in the lung tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study indicates that baicalin attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice effectively by suppressing type 2 immune responses, which might provide a novel insight into the anti-asthmatic activity of baicalin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Lipid Metabolism in Obese Asthma: Perspectives and Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Jianping Zhao, Jungang Xie","doi":"10.1159/000540405","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obese asthma represents a unique phenotype of asthma characterized by severe symptoms, poor medication controls, increased frequency of exacerbations, and an overall diminished quality of life. Numerous factors, including the complex interactions between environment, mechanical processes, inflammatory responses, and metabolites disturbance, contribute to the onset of obese asthma.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Notably, multiple metabolomics studies in the last several years have revealed the significant abnormalities in lipid metabolism among obese asthmatic patients. Several bioactive lipid messengers participate in the development of obese asthma has also been observed. Here, we present and discuss the latest advances regarding how bioactive lipid molecules contribute to the pathogenic process and mechanisms underlying obese asthma. The key roles of potentially significant effector cells and the pathways by which they respond to diverse lipid metabolites are also described. We finally summarize current lipid-related therapeutic options for the treatment of obese asthma and discuss their application prospects.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review underscores the impacts of abnormal lipid metabolism in the etiopathogenesis of obese asthma and asks for further investigation to elucidate the intricate correlations among lipids, obesity, and asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"280-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}