International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"A Rapid Test Kit for Dust Mite Allergen Detection: Enabling Patient Self-Testing and Environmental Control Assessment.","authors":"He Zhang, Haibo Jiang, Jiarui Wan, Min Zhou, Guixian Liang, Fengwen Shan, Xinyi Zheng, Yana Zhang, Lei Cheng, Wu Yuan, Jing Su, Qilin Zhou, Qintai Yang","doi":"10.1159/000551801","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>House dust mites (HDMs) are the most prevalent indoor allergens and a major contributor to allergic diseases worldwide. Effective monitoring of HDM allergen exposure is critical for clinical management and environmental control, yet the current gold-standard ELISA method is costly, complex, and unsuitable for self-testing. This study aimed to develop and validate a rapid, semi-quantitative test kit for dust mite allergens that enables patient self-assessment and localized evaluation of environmental control measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 80 dust samples were collected from 59 homes of HDM-allergic patients in Guangzhou, China. Samples were analyzed using both ELISA and a novel colorimetric guanine-based rapid test. Allergen concentrations of Der 1 were quantified, and correlation, consistency, sensitivity, and specificity of the rapid test were assessed against ELISA results. Patients and researchers independently performed and interpreted the test to assess inter-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rapid test strongly correlated with ELISA for total group I allergen concentrations (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001). All samples exceeding 10 μg/g were accurately identified (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 79.1%). Classification agreement with ELISA was moderate (weighted κ = 0.557), and inter-rater agreement between patients and researchers was strong (weighted κ = 0.878). The test required only 20 mg of dust and delivered results within 5 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rapid test kit demonstrated high accuracy and reliability in identifying moderate- and high-level HDM allergen exposure. Its low cost, ease of use, and strong agreement with ELISA support its utility in routine self-monitoring and localized environmental assessments, bridging a critical gap between clinical recommendations and real-world implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACTA2-AS1/miR-2278 Axis Modulates Inflammation and Epithelial Barrier Integrity in Pediatric Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia.","authors":"Shanshan Dang, Xin Li, Jinmei Xu","doi":"10.1159/iaa/adfag008","DOIUrl":"10.1159/iaa/adfag008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) represents the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in Chinese children, where delayed pathogen detection and inadequate severity assessment frequently result in delayed intervention. Given that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ACTA2-AS1 is markedly downregulated in MP-infected epithelial cells and bioinformatics predicted to sponge miR-2278, this study investigated the molecular mechanism by which lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 regulates inflammatory response and epithelial barrier function via miR-2278, aiming to identify novel targets for precise MPP treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ACTA2-AS1 and miR-2278 expression was quantified in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 152 MPP children and 106 healthy controls. The clinical utility of ACTA2-AS1 for diagnosing pediatric MPP and predicting severe disease was assessed. BEAS-2B and THP-1 cells were stimulated with lipid-associated membrane protein to establish MPP cell model. The targeting relationship and regulatory effects between ACTA2-AS1 and miR-2278 were validated by co-transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ACTA2-AS1 was significantly lower in serum and BALF from MPP children, whereas miR-2278 was markedly higher, and the two were negatively correlated. ACTA2-AS1 demonstrated strong diagnostic performance for MPP. Low serum ACTA2-AS1 was associated with abnormal clinical indicators and independently predicted severe MPP. ACTA2-AS1 was confirmed to directly target miR-2278. In vitro, ACTA2-AS1 overexpression enhanced epithelial barrier repair and attenuated inflammation in BEAS-2B and THP-1 cells, while miR-2278 overexpression reversed these protective effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACTA2-AS1 represents a potential biomarker for diagnosing and stratifying MPP children. By sponging miR-2278, it preserves epithelial barrier integrity and modulates immune-inflammatory homeostasis, thereby attenuating MPP progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000553551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553551","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the article \"House Dust Mite Sublingual Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis: Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analytical Evidence\" [Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2026; https://doi.org/10.1159/000551015] by Alqutub et al., Table 1 was published with an error.Table 1.Summary of included studiesStudy IDStudy designCountryTotal participantsIntervention/comparatorsFollow-up, monthsInclusion criteriaConclusionBergmann 2014 [26]RCT7 European countries466HDM SLIT tablets (Stallergenes) 300IR, 500IR, or placebo12Patients (18-50 y) with HDM AR (≥1 y); controlled asthma allowed. The patient must have a positive HDM SPT and sIgE test results. The patient must have baseline symptoms12 months of 300 IR and 500 IR HDM SLIT tablets were efficacious and well tolerated. Efficacy was maintained during the treatment-free follow-up yearGuo 2017 [43]RCTChina96SLIT with a mixture of Der p and Der f extract (Pangramin SLIT; ALK-Abello) or placebo12Patients (5-55 y) with HDM AR (≥1 y) and +/-mild intermittent asthma had positive SPT and/or sIgE responses to HDMSLIT with mixed HDM extract significantly relieved AR symptoms reduced the need for antiallergic drugs compared to placebo, and was well toleratedRoux 2016 [59]RCTCanada266Sublingual tablets of HDM allergen extracts (STG320, Stallergenes) 500IR, 300IR, 100IR, or placebo6Patients (18-55 y) with uncontrolled HDM AR (≥1 y). The patients tested positive for HDM SPT and sIgE. Required baseline allergen challenge symptomsDose-dependent effect of sublingual HDM immunotherapy demonstrated in EEC. 300IR and 500IR doses are to be further evaluated. Well tolerated, AEs were mostly local and mildHoshino 2020 [44]RCTJapan111SQ-HDM SLIT tablet (Torii/ALK-Abello) plus pharmacotherapy or pharmacotherapy alone11Patients (20-65 y) with HDM AR. Positive NPT & sIgE to HDMHigh serum periostin levels at enrollment predict the clinical response (RQLQ improvement) to SQ-HDM SLIT. Serum periostin appears to be a useful biomarkerBozek 2013 [29]RCTPoland32Sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy (SLIT) with HDM allergens (Staloral 300R, Stallergenes) or placebo36Patients (60-75 y) with HDM AR. Positive SPT, sIgE, and NPT to HDMSLIT for HDM generated significant clinical improvement (nasal symptoms, medication use) in elderly patients compared to placebo, particularly during the heating season. Well toleratedBush 2011 [32]RCTUSA (Madison, WI)21High-dose (4200 AU/d; ∼70 µg Der f 1/d) or low-dose (60 AU/d; ∼1 µg Der f 1/d) Der f SLIT vaccine (Greer Laboratories), or placebo12-18Patients (18-50 y) with Der f AR, +/- mild intermittent asthma. Positive sIgE to Der fHigh-dose Der f SLIT was generally tolerable, increased serum Der f-specific IgG4, and improved bronchial threshold to allergen. Larger US trials are warrantedLin 2015 [47]RCTChina121SLIT with Der.f drops or pharmacotherapy (oral antihistamines)48Patients (4-69 y) with moderate-to-severe Der f AR (≥1.5 y). Positive SPT & sIgEThe 3-year SLIT course was more efficacious tha","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Regulatory Effect of Bioactive Peptides on Airway Inflammation in Mice with Bronchial Asthma Mediated by the p38 MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Jiahao Li, He Li, Qian Zhang, Junnan Yue, Fan Zhang, Fangling Wang, Bin Tang, Hongxia Ma","doi":"10.1159/iaa/adfag004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/iaa/adfag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchial asthma is a chronic heterogeneous respiratory disease characterized by persistent airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus hypersecretion. Bioactive peptides are hydrolytic fragments of proteins or artificially synthesized products, and their effects on bronchial asthma have not been reported previously. In this study, a mouse model of asthma was established via ovalbumin (OVA) stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected from OVA-challenged mice and subjected to cell counting. The levels of Th2 cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was adopted to observe pathological alterations in lung tissue. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression levels of NF-κB, phosphorylated NF-κB, p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK in lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>We found that bioactive peptides exerted beneficial therapeutic effects on asthma. Intervention with bioactive peptides, in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, reduced the count of inflammatory cells in BALF, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mitigated pathological damage to lung tissue, and markedly suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK without altering their total protein expression. Notably, the efficacy of the high-dose Spleen Aminopeptide group was comparable to that of dexamethasone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This bioactive peptide protects against airway inflammation in OVA-induced asthmatic mice, an effect associated with the concurrent inhibition of NF-κB and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Given the known cross-talk between these signaling pathways, the suppression of NF-κB may be partially mediated through the inhibition of p38 MAPK, although the precise underlying mechanism warrants further investigation. These findings provide experimental evidence supporting the potential application of this peptide as a novel therapeutic agent for bronchial asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000553451","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the article \"Lanadelumab in Hereditary Angioedema: Extending Dose Intervals from Every 2 Weeks to Every 4 Weeks\" [Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2026; https://doi.org/10.1159/000551678] by Riedl et al., the copyright information was incorrectly given. The correct copyright information should read as follows:© 2026 Takeda. Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148722190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Allergic Rhinitis with Middle-Ear Disease-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dan Kan, Hongzheng Cheng, Qi Zhou","doi":"10.1159/iaa/adfag007","DOIUrl":"10.1159/iaa/adfag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aims of the study were to estimate the pooled prevalence of objective eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) or middle-ear dysfunction in allergic rhinitis (AR), to explore how this prevalence varies by operational definition and sample size, and to identify the main clinically relevant limitations that affect interpretation of the available evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, publisher platforms, and reference lists to March 2026 for original studies reporting objective ETD, abnormal tympanometry, middle-ear dysfunction, or otitis media with effusion (OME)-compatible dysfunction in AR. Manual reference tracing, duplicate removal, and independent screening by two reviewers were performed. Six studies with extractable numerator-and-denominator data were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The six studies included 923 AR participants. Prevalence estimates ranged from 18.0% to 49.2%. The pooled prevalence was 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.25-0.49), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 81.8%). Outcome-definition subgrouping indicated that estimates differed according to whether dysfunction was assessed by ETD-specific tests, tympanometric OME criteria, abnormal tympanograms, or broader middle-ear disease definitions. Sensitivity analysis did not identify a single influential study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preliminary evidence suggests that objective ETD or middle-ear dysfunction is frequently reported in AR and may affect a clinically meaningful subset of assessed patients. However, the evidence base is small, geographically limited, and methodologically heterogeneous; therefore, the pooled estimate should be interpreted cautiously and confirmed by larger multicenter studies using standardized diagnostic criteria. Selective otologic and tympanometric assessment remains justified in AR patients with persistent nasal obstruction, severe symptoms, hearing complaints, or recurrent OME-like episodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000552632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the article \"Global Estimates of Vaccine-Associated Hepatic Autoimmune Disorders and Their Related Vaccines, 1968-2024: An International Analysis of the WHO Pharmacovigilance Database\" [Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025;186(7):696-702; https://doi.org/10.1159/000542865] by Jeong et al., the following is being corrected by the authors.Following a recent communication from the Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring), which provided the dataset used in this study, the authors were informed of the need to correct specific information to ensure full accuracy and consistency with Uppsala Monitoring Centre's data use policies. The authors confirm that this correction does not affect the main results, interpretations, or conclusions of the study.The details of the corrections are as follows:The methods of the article stated that the Vigibase database \"encompasses over 140 million cases.\" This is being corrected to \"over 35 million cases.\"In addition, in the Methods section and Statement of Ethics of the article, the following was listed:\"This study protocol was reviewed and approved by Kyung Hee University and the Uppsala Monitoring Centre, approval number (KHUH 2022-06-042).\"The corrected text is the following:\"Approval for using confidential and electronically processed patient data was granted by the Institutional Review Boards of Kyung Hee University Medical Center (KHUH 2022-06-042), and access to the data was obtained from the Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO Collaborating Center).\"Furthermore, the following text is being added to the Acknowledgments section of the article:\"The authors acknowledge that some terms and statements in this manuscript ('association' or 'vaccine-associated') may be interpreted as implying causality or formal clinical guidance, which was not intended. The dataset is derived from a spontaneous reporting system (disproportionality analysis) and therefore does not permit the estimation of incidence or prevalence. Accordingly, these findings should be interpreted with caution and should not be used as a basis for clinical decision-making. 'Vaccine-associated hepatic autoimmune disorders' was identified through disproportionality analysis, which does not imply a causal relationship. As this study was focused on signal detection, caution is warranted in interpreting the terminology used.\"The original online article has been updated to reflect the above.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omalizumab for Injection (Enyitan®) in Elderly Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Maintenance of Treatment Goals - A 6-Month Retrospective Follow-Up of Real-World Evidence.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Jun Tian, Yaling Shi, Fan Yang, Xiyan Wang, Li Yang","doi":"10.1159/000553240","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can be particularly burdensome for older adults. Real-world evidence regarding the use of omalizumab in this growing demographic remains limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of domestic omalizumab for injection (Enyitan®) in elderly patients with CSU under real-world conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study, 71 CSU patients aged ≥65 years with moderate-to-severe disease activity were treated with omalizumab (Enyitan®, 300 mg every 4 weeks) between January and February 2025. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving well-controlled disease (UAS7 ≤ 6) at week 24. Secondary outcomes included changes in UAS7, Itch Severity Score (ISS), Wheal Score (WS), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Safety was assessed via adverse events (AEs) and laboratory parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 62 patients completing the 24-week study, 88.7% achieved a UAS7 ≤ 6. ISS and WS scores similarly improved (p < 0.001). UCT scores increased from 5.2 ± 2.1 to 14.8 ± 3.2, and DLQI scores decreased from 15.6 ± 4.3 to 3.1 ± 2.8 (both p < 0.001). Treatment was well-tolerated; only mild, transient AEs were reported, predominantly injection-site reactions (9.7%) and headache (3.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Domestic omalizumab (Enyitan®) demonstrated rapid, sustained effectiveness and a favorable safety profile in elderly patients with H1-antihistamine-resistant CSU, supporting its use as a first-line biologic therapy in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13641744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid Sphingomyelinase-Ceramide Axis Modulation Is Associated with Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Release and Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in an in vitro Type 2 Inflammation Model Relevant to Pediatric Rhinitis.","authors":"Qingbin Liu, Wei Jing, Xiaoyi Chang, Siyu Liu","doi":"10.1159/iaa/adfag002","DOIUrl":"10.1159/iaa/adfag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epithelial barrier dysfunction is an early feature of pediatric rhinitis, but the upstream epithelial events that initiate this process remain incompletely defined. Because lipid remodeling and epithelial-derived alarmins may interact during type 2 inflammation, this study examined whether acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-ceramide signaling is associated with thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) release and barrier impairment in a pediatric rhinitis-related nasal epithelial model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary human nasal epithelial cells were stimulated with interleukin-4 (IL-4)/interleukin-13 (IL-13) (10 ng/mL each, 24 h) to model a type 2 inflammatory epithelial milieu. ARC39 was used to inhibit ASM, and siRNA was used to knockdown TSLP. TSLP was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; barrier function was assessed by FITC-dextran permeability and ZO-1 immunofluorescence; ceramide levels were measured using a commercial kit; and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-4/IL-13 stimulation increased TSLP release and impaired epithelial barrier integrity (p < 0.001). ARC39 reduced ceramide levels and decreased TSLP output (p < 0.001) in a concentration-dependent manner, with an evident effect at approximately 5 μ<sc>m</sc>, whereas SMPD1 expression remained largely unchanged. TSLP knockdown improved barrier function indicators (p < 0.05), and combined ARC39 treatment did not produce an additional effect beyond TSLP knockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASM-ceramide axis modulation was associated with TSLP release and epithelial barrier dysfunction in this in vitro model. These findings suggest a possible link among sphingolipid remodeling, epithelial alarmin responses, and barrier injury, but further mechanistic and clinical validation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Needs and Expectations of Ukrainian Refugees with Allergic Diseases: The UCRAID@Apulia Pilot Study.","authors":"Antonio Francesco Maria Giuliano, Maria Teresa Ventura, Rosa Antonucci, Rosalba Buquicchio, Vincenzo Patella, Anna Bedbrook, Jean Bousquet","doi":"10.1159/000552771","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The ongoing Ukrainian conflict constitutes a grave humanitarian emergency, with refugees facing significant language and cultural barriers hindering access to health care. The UCRAID (Ukrainian Citizen and refugee electronic support in Respiratory diseases, Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology) initiative was launched to support Ukrainian refugees through the MASK-air® and CRUSE® apps. The UCRAID@Apulia study aimed to assess the feasibility of UCRAID via a joint medical and socio-linguistic approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multidisciplinary, cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to June 2024 involving adult Ukrainian refugees with asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, or chronic urticaria recruited via a network of Ukrainian associations and institutional partners. Participants were introduced to MASK-air® and CRUSE® and administered a 20-item questionnaire assessing sociocultural and healthcare needs, linguistic barriers, comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index), and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 381 eligible patients being offered participation, 53 (13.91%) accepted enrolment. While literacy and occupation levels were high, issues with accommodation and bureaucracy were often cited. Mistrust and fear of reprisals emerged as key deterrents to participation. Chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis were the prevalent allergic conditions. EQ-5D-5L showed good overall health but was characterized by anxiety/depression (32.1%) and pain (17%). Despite significant language barriers in both Italian and English, all participants successfully used both applications. At a 30-day follow-up, 71% reported at least 5 days of consecutive usage with high satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite low enrolment driven by fear and distrust, mHealth tools like MASK-air® and CRUSE® proved feasible and well received, with trust building and long-term support being key elements for wider future adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}