International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Use of Biologics to Treat Asthma during Pregnancy and Adverse Events in Pregnant Women and Newborns: A Global Pharmacovigilance Analysis.","authors":"Wonwoo Jang, Hyesu Jo, Jaeyu Park, Seokjun Kim, Hanseul Cho, Yi Deun Jeong, Yejun Son, Damiano Pizzol, Nikolaos G Papadopoulos, Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1159/000543490","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the increasing evidence supporting the use of biologics for treating severe asthma, there is a lack of evidence regarding their use in pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the safety of biologics for pregnant women, utilizing global pharmacovigilance database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Reports documented between 1980 and 2023 were extracted from the VigiBase that mentioned pregnancy- or fetus-related reactions with drugs indicated for asthma, including reslizumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab, dupilumab, benralizumab, and other non-biologics. A disproportionality analysis of case-non-case was conducted by calculating the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of adverse maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes associated with exposure to biologics compared with outcomes associated with other non-biologic asthma medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15,715 pregnancy-related reports were analyzed. Reslizumab showed an overall lower reporting frequency of adverse events (ROR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05-0.67). Omalizumab (ROR, 3.88; 95% CI, 3.16-4.77), mepolizumab (ROR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05-3.36), and dupilumab (ROR, 5.34; 95% CI, 3.90-7.32) commonly showed higher frequencies of spontaneous fetal death. However, these three drugs also had lower frequencies of pregnancy and delivery complications, including preterm birth (omalizumab: ROR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.16-0.31; mepolizumab: ROR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.34; dupilumab: ROR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.03-0.17), which are outcomes related to late pregnancy. In contrast, benralizumab (ROR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48-0.99) differed from the other biologics by showing lower frequencies of spontaneous fetal death (ROR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48-0.99) and spontaneous abortion (ROR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29-0.78) but higher frequencies of delivery complications (ROR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.72), including preterm birth (ROR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This global case-non-case study underscores the critical need for further well-designed research to investigate these overreported outcomes and emphasizes the importance of more rigorous monitoring efforts for these adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide Prevalence of Hereditary Angioedema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Samuel A Fisch, Andrew G Rundle, Alfred I Neugut, Daniel E Freedberg","doi":"10.1159/000543321","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease caused by dysfunction or lack of the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) protein. The true prevalence of HAE and whether this prevalence differs across regions is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of HAE worldwide, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. The pooled prevalence of HAE was calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity across studies was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies from 2000 to 2024 were included in the analysis, describing 11,245 cases of HAE. The pooled prevalence of HAE was 1.22 cases per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91, 1.53), with lower prevalences reported in Asia and Africa compared to Europe and North America. HAE type 1 made up most of the cases, with a slight female predominance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAE is a rare condition which affects 1-2 individuals per 100,000 people worldwide. A true estimate of the prevalence of HAE will inform care for the condition, especially as new treatment options become available.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Novel Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers and Drug Targets of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Integrating Mendelian Randomization, Bioinformatics, and Druggability Analysis.","authors":"Feifan Wang, Lu Chen, Yu Tian","doi":"10.1159/000543259","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammatory proteins have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to probe causal associations between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and IBD in the discovery and replication cohorts. Subsequently, we conducted meta-analysis of results from two cohorts. We further conducted protein-protein interaction (PPI), enrichment analysis, and druggability evaluation to elucidate our results and prioritize potential therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By integrating data from two cohorts, we demonstrated that genetically predicted CD40 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.878, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.838-0.919) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)5 (OR = 0.884, 95% CI = 0.841-0.930) decreased IBD risk. However, genetically predicted CXCL9 (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.084-1.294), interleukin (IL)-18 (OR = 1.140, 95% CI = 1.076-1.208), CD6 (OR = 1.096, 95% CI = 1.045-1.150), and 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (OR = 1.154, 95% CI = 1.070-1.244) increased IBD risk. Moreover, genetically predicted CD40 (OR = 0.855, 95% CI = 0.801-0.912) decreased Crohn's disease (CD) risk. Genetically predicted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) (OR = 1.259, 95% CI = 1.135-1.397) and 4E-BP1 (OR = 1.202, 95% CI = 1.088-1.327) increased CD risk. We found no inflammatory protein associated with ulcerative colitis. Additionally, CD was significantly associated with elevated levels of three circulating inflammatory proteins, which are suggested to be the consequences of CD. PPI analysis demonstrated interactions between CXCL5, CXCL9, IL-18, CD40, and FGF21. Enrichment analysis indicated these identified proteins significantly enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways, including interleukin signaling, cytokine signaling, and NF-κB pathway. Three proteins (CD40, IL-18, 4E-BP1) have been targeted for drug development on cancers and immune-related diseases, with potentials of therapeutic targets for IBD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results provide new biomarkers and drug targets for CD. Moreover, we further demonstrate critical roles of inflammation and immunity in the occurrence and development of IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Specific Immunotherapy Combined with Biologics in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dayu Guan, Yijun Liu, Yue Gu, Bowen Zheng, Rong Sun, Yang Shen, Yucheng Yang","doi":"10.1159/000543023","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic diseases are common clinical diseases. Although allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and biologics have been widely recognized, the clinical efficacy, safety, advantages, and disadvantages of the combined application have not yet been sufficiently recognized. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of AIT combined with biologics in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify studies investigating AIT combined with biologics for treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. The relevant outcome indicators, including incidences of emergency drug use, severe nasal symptoms, severe adverse effects (AEs), local reactions at the site of administration, headache, and general AEs, were collected and extracted. Routine and network meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan-5.4 and STATA-MP-14 to assess efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight RCTs and a retrospective study involving 1,494 patients aged 5-65 years with allergic rhinitis and asthma were included in this review. (1) Routine meta-analysis revealed that AIT combined with biologics was significantly better than control treatment (placebo, AIT, or biologics) in terms of the incidence of emergency drug use, severe nasal symptoms, and severe AEs (p = 0.0002; p = 0.01; p = 0.02). However, the differences in the incidence of local reactions at the site of administration, headache, and general AEs were not significant. (2) In the network meta-analysis, compared with AIT or placebo alone, AIT combined with biologics observably reduced the incidence of emergency drug use and severe nasal symptoms (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.73; OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.63). Furthermore, AIT combined with biologics yielded an evidently lower incidence of serious adverse reactions than AIT alone (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.23-0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined application of AIT and biologics has promising prospects in the clinical treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma due to the improvement of both clinical efficacy and safety (trial registration: Systemic Review Registration; PROSPERO #CRD42024496277).</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osthole Ameliorates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Pathway in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.","authors":"Peiqiang Liu, Wenjun Fan, Yu Xu","doi":"10.1159/000543408","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osthole, a naturally occurring coumarin derivative, has been isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Cnidium monnieri. This compound exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of osthole in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of osthole on nasal polyp (NP) formation were examined within a mouse model of NPs induced by cigarette smoke (CS). The detection of polypoid changes and goblet cell metaplasia was achieved through the use of hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining, respectively. The levels of TGF-β1, matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7, 9, and 12 (MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, MMP12), as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in nasal lavage fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was employed to ascertain the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, ZO-1, α-SMA, and vimentin), as well as the activity of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. The expression of E-cadherin in nasal epithelium was determined through immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the OVA+SEB or CS-exposed NP mouse model, osthole was observed to reduce the incidence of polypoid changes and goblet cells, while simultaneously increasing the expression of E-cadherin in the epithelium when compared to the CS-treated group. After treatment with osthole, the levels of TGF-β1, MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, and MMP12 in nasal lavage fluid were observed to decrease, while the levels of TIMP-1 were found to increase. In vitro, cigarette smoke extract was observed to downregulate the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1, while simultaneously upregulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. Moreover, osthole upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1 while downregulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. This effect of osthole was reversed by PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway agonists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osthole attenuates CS exposure-induced EMT via the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical application in the treatment of CRSwNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Isolates and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Adults with Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis of Sputum Cultures.","authors":"Esra Karabiber, Arzu Ilki, Yasemin Gökdemir, Halime Mualla Vatansever, Şehnaz Olgun Yıldızeli, Ahmet Ozen","doi":"10.1159/000541533","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are at increased risk of respiratory infection and frequently receive prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to identify respiratory pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns in IEI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 36 IEI patients with positive bacterial growth in sputum cultures between 2014 and 2023. Data covered hospitalizations, respiratory infections, yearly antibiotic prescriptions, past sputum cultures, and antibiotic sensitivities. Patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and bronchiectasis served as a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 314 sputum cultures were analyzed from patients with IEI, alongside 585 cultures from individuals with PCD and 113 cultures from patients with bronchiectasis. Patients with IEI had a median age of 23.5 years, with 61% male participants. The study compared the differences in bacterial isolates from sputum cultures and antibiotic resistance between patients with IEI and the control groups. The most common bacterial isolates across all groups were Haemophilus influenzae (159 isolates in IEI vs. 314 in PCD and 26 in bronchiectasis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In IEI patients, 992 symptomatic respiratory exacerbations and 43 pneumonia-related hospitalizations were recorded. Notably, H. influenzae in IEI patients showed high resistance rates to cefuroxime (82%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (66%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (59%), and ampicillin/sulbactam (49%). P. aeruginosa in IEI patients displayed significant resistance to ciprofloxacin (85%), ceftazidime (42%), and aminoglycosides (23-33%). Additionally, all S. pneumoniae isolates in IEI patients were tetracycline resistant, with high resistance rates to penicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin. It is essential to highlight the substantial resistance of common pathogens to oral antibiotics. In contrast, the control groups exhibited lower resistance rates across all bacterial isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern among vulnerable IEI patients. We suggest conducting similar investigations in other regions to address this issue. The findings should inform future infection management guidelines for IEIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"387-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Intranasal Corticosteroids for Sleep Disturbances in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kenshiro Tabata, Yukiyoshi Sumi, Hatoko Sasaki, Noriko Kojimahara","doi":"10.1159/000541389","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541389","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic condition caused by an immunoglobulin E-mediated response to environmental allergens, which affects 10-40% of the global population. AR symptoms, such as nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, significantly reduce quality of life and are associated with sleep disturbances, further exacerbating the condition's burden. Despite the known impact of AR on sleep, the effects of intranasal corticosteroids on sleep quality have not been comprehensively reviewed. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids in improving sleep quality among patients with AR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023460698). A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ichushi-Web. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intranasal corticosteroids with placebos in patients with AR were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two authors. The primary outcome was the improvement in sleep quality measured by standardized questionnaires. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eighteen RCTs involving 6,019 participants were included. The meta-analysis of 12 comparisons from eight studies for the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire sleep domain showed significant improvement in sleep quality with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.292 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.235-0.350, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 0.0%). The Nocturnal Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire also showed improvement with an SMD of 0.284 (95% CI: 0.164-0.404, p &lt; 0.0001) based on two comparisons from one study. However, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale did not show significant results (SMD: 0.027, 95% CI: -0.429 to 0.483, p = 0.907) based on two comparisons from two studies. Sensitivity analysis, excluding two studies with high risk of bias according to RoB2, confirmed the robustness of these results. Subgroup analyses for patients with seasonal or perennial AR showed significant improvements in both groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study demonstrates that intranasal corticosteroids significantly improve sleep quality in patients with AR. These findings support the use of intranasal corticosteroids as a first-line treatment for AR, not only for managing daytime symptoms but also for enhancing sleep quality. Future research should focus on sleep quality changes as a primary outcome and incorporate both subjective and objective measures to better understand the relationship between sleep and AR symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) ","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"330-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Polymorphisms Regulate FOXO1 Transcript Expression and Contribute to the Risk and Symptom Severity of HDM-Induced Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Yang Yie Sio, Kefan Du, Terence Yin Weng Lam, Yee-How Say, Kavita Reginald, Fook Tim Chew","doi":"10.1159/000540686","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>FOXO1 plays an important role in regulating immune processes that contribute to allergic inflammation; however, genetic variants influencing FOXO1 expression in AR pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the functional effect of FOXO1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on AR development by performing genetic association and functional analysis studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study belongs to a part of an ongoing Singapore/Malaysia cross-sectional genetics and epidemiological study (SMCSGES). We assessed the associations of FOXO1 transcript expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with AR phenotype, total nasal symptom score (TNSS), and SNP genotype in a sub-cohort of n = 658 individuals from the SMCSGES population. Associations of FOXO1 SNPs with AR were assessed in a cohort of n = 5,072 individuals from the SMCSGES population. In vitro promoter luciferase assay was used to evaluate the effect of AR-associated SNPs on FOXO1 promoter activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FOXO1 transcript expression in PBMC was significantly associated with the risk of AR (p < 0.05) and TNSS among AR patients (p < 0.0001). We identified a significant association between tag-SNPs rs9549246 and FOXO1 transcript expression in PBMC from the SMCSGES sub-cohort and the multiethnic eQTLGen consortium (false discovery rate-adjusted p < 0.05). The minor allele \"A\" of tag-SNP rs9549246 was significantly associated with a higher risk of AR (p = 0.04422, odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.45) in the SMCSGES genotyping cohort (n = 5,072). In vitro luciferase assay showed the minor allele \"A\" of rs35594717 (tagged by rs9549246) was significantly associated with a higher FOXO1 promoter activity (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FOXO1 transcript expression in PBMC has a strong association with the risk and symptom severity of AR. Genetic variants tagged by rs9549246 were shown to affect the expression of FOXO1 and contribute to the development of AR in the SMCSGES population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Phytotherapy and Anthroposophic Medicine in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Céline Braunwalder, Jana Ertl, Matteo Wullschleger, Eliane Timm, Ursula Wolf","doi":"10.1159/000539645","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is a common health condition that is associated with an increased risk for bronchial asthma. Besides conventional medicine, treatments from traditional, complementary and integrative medicine are widely used by individuals with SAR. This review aims to systematically summarize evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of European/Western phytotherapy (PT) and medications from anthroposophic medicine (AM) in individuals with SAR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four electronic databases were screened for clinical studies published between January 1990 and March 2023. The results were qualitatively synthesized and the study quality was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 14 studies were included, 11 from European/Western PT and three from AM. About half of the studies were rated as being of sufficient quality. The most frequently studied plant was Petasites hybridus (butterbur), showing beneficial effects on immunological parameters, subjective symptoms, and nasal airflow. Beneficial immunological and clinical effects were also shown for an herbal preparation combining Citrus limonis (lemon) and Cydonia oblonga (quince). The medications examined by studies of sufficient quality were judged to be safe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this systematic review highlights two herbal preparations, one from European/Western PT and one from AM, that appear to be promising options in the treatment of SAR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Effects of Asthma on Upper Airway Diseases and Allergic Diseases: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Zengxiao Zhang, Gongfei Li, Shizhe Zhou, Minghui Wang, Longgang Yu, Yan Jiang","doi":"10.1159/000540358","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Asthma is associated with upper airway diseases and allergic diseases; however, the causal effects need to be investigated further. Thus, we performed this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore and measure the causal effects of asthma on allergic rhinitis (AR), vasomotor rhinitis (VMR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic urticaria (AU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for asthma, AR, VMR, AC, AD, and AU were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies summarized recently. We defined single-nucleotide polymorphisms satisfying the MR assumptions as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach under random-effects was applied as the dominant method for causal estimation. The weighted median approach, MR-Egger regression analysis, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were performed as sensitivity analysis. Horizontal pleiotropy was measured using MR-Egger regression analysis. Significant causal effects were attempted for replication and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We revealed that asthma had causal effects on AR (IVW, odds ratio [OR] = 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-2.14; p < 0.001), VMR (IVW, OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.15-1.71; p < 0.001), AC (IVW, OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.49-1.82; p < 0.001), and AD (IVW, OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.82-2.49; p < 0.001). No causal effect of asthma on AU was observed. Sensitivity analysis further assured the robustness of these results. The evaluation of the replication stage and meta-analysis further confirmed the causal effect of asthma on AR (IVW OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.62-2.02, p < 0.001), AC (IVW OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.11-1.87, p < 0.001), and AD (IVW OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.42-2.41, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We revealed and quantified the causal effects of asthma on AR, VMR, AC, and AD. These findings can provide powerful causal evidence of asthma on upper airway diseases and allergic diseases, suggesting that the treatment of asthma should be a preventive and therapeutic strategy for AR, VMR, AC, and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}