IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060565

Sen-Miao Tong, Dan-Yi Qi, Xin-Yue Tang, Yan-Zhi Shao, Shi-Tong Hu, Yu-Piao Zheng, Xin-Yun Zheng, Ling-Li Yan, Ming-Guang Feng

{"title":"Low-Cost-High-Efficacy Control of Faba Bean Aphids by Fungal and Chemical Insecticides Co-Applied at Low and Sublethal Rates.","authors":"Sen-Miao Tong, Dan-Yi Qi, Xin-Yue Tang, Yan-Zhi Shao, Shi-Tong Hu, Yu-Piao Zheng, Xin-Yun Zheng, Ling-Li Yan, Ming-Guang Feng","doi":"10.3390/insects16060565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060565","url":null,"abstract":"The high costs of mycoinsecticides restrain their extensive application in green agriculture. Two six-week field trials were performed in spring to test synergistic effects of fungal-chemical interactions against faba bean aphid (Aphis fabae) populations in Zhejiang, China. The treatments (three 50-m2 plots each) in each trial included Beauveria bassiana ZJU435 (Bb) and imidacloprid (ImD) applied biweekly at recommended rates (1.5 × 1013 conidia and 45 a.i. g ha-1) and co-applied at reduced rates of 2/3Bb, 1/2Bb, and 1/3Bb plus 1/5ImD, which reduced the cost of the mycoinsecticide by 32-65%. During the first three weeks at 1.3-12.5 °C (daily means), the aphid population steadily increased to a peak in the blank control, and it was much more effectively suppressed by ImD than by Bb and Bb + ImD treatments. As the weather subsequently warmed to 8.7-21.0 °C, the aphid population was increasingly suppressed by the Bb and Bb + ImD treatments, which showed suppressive effects superior or close to those of ImD on days 35 and 42. Percent efficacy values (n = 36) of ImD, 2/3Bb + 1/5ImD, 1/2Bb + 1/5ImD, Bb, and 1/3Bb + 1/5ImD in two six-week trials averaged respectively 86%, 66%, 62.2%, 59.4%, and 58.4%, which significantly differed from one another (p < 0.01). Conclusively, low-rate co-applications of fungal/chemical insecticides offer a 'low-cost-high-efficacy' strategy to promote extensive mycoinsecticide application for sustainable aphid control.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Assessment of Environmental DNA and Bulk-Sample Metabarcoding in Biosecurity Surveillance for Detecting Biting Midges (Ceratopogonidae). 环境DNA与大样本元条形码在蠓科生物安全监测中的比较评价

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060564

Jieyun Wu, Dongmei Li, Rebijith K Balan, Sherly George, Lora Peacock, Chandan Pal

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of Environmental DNA and Bulk-Sample Metabarcoding in Biosecurity Surveillance for Detecting Biting Midges (Ceratopogonidae).","authors":"Jieyun Wu, Dongmei Li, Rebijith K Balan, Sherly George, Lora Peacock, Chandan Pal","doi":"10.3390/insects16060564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060564","url":null,"abstract":"Biting midges, Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), are significant vectors capable of transmitting arboviruses, such as bluetongue virus, to livestock. New Zealand is free of Culicoides, and a national surveillance programme is in place for the early detection of an incursion. Traditionally, insect trap samples from the surveillance programme are analyzed using morphology-based diagnostics under microscopes, which is time-consuming and relies on specialized taxonomic expertise. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of DNA metabarcoding using insect bulk samples and environmental DNA (eDNA) from liquid samples collected in surveillance traps. Two Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding primer sets were employed to study biodiversity and detect exotic species. The results indicated that DNA metabarcoding with homogenized insect bulk samples had a higher overall detection accuracy rate (over 81% for both primer pairs) compared to ethanol fluid-derived eDNA samples from traps (68.42% and 55.26% for the primer sets LCO1490/HCO2198 and mlCOIintF/jgHCO2198, respectively) based on congruence with morphological identification. Detection failures were likely due to eDNA extraction issues or low target species abundance. Both approaches showed similar insect community composition and diversity in the surveillance trap samples, suggesting the potential of DNA metabarcoding for biosecurity surveillance and biodiversity assessments. Overall, DNA metabarcoding using bulk insect samples could enhance the efficiency of Culicoides surveillance, reducing workload and screening time.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissecting the Molecular Mechanism of 10-HDA Biosynthesis: Role of Acyl-CoA Delta(11) Desaturase and Transcriptional Regulators in Honeybee Mandibular Glands. 剖析10-HDA生物合成的分子机制：酰基辅酶a δ(11)去饱和酶和转录调节因子在蜜蜂下颌腺体中的作用。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060563

Yunchang Li, Xiaojing Zhang, Zhenyu Xia, Yue Hao

{"title":"Dissecting the Molecular Mechanism of 10-HDA Biosynthesis: Role of Acyl-CoA Delta(11) Desaturase and Transcriptional Regulators in Honeybee Mandibular Glands.","authors":"Yunchang Li, Xiaojing Zhang, Zhenyu Xia, Yue Hao","doi":"10.3390/insects16060563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060563","url":null,"abstract":"10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a major fatty acid (FA) component of royal jelly, is synthesized in the mandibular glands (MGs) of worker honeybees. Despite its well-documented nutritional and therapeutic significance, the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanisms of 10-HDA production remain largely unresolved. In this study, the molecular basis of 10-HDA biosynthesis and regulation in the MGs of newly emerged bees (NEBs), nurse bees (NBs), and forager bees (FBs) were investigated using RNA sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A five-step biosynthetic pathway for 10-HDA was proposed, and cross-species analysis of Apis mellifera and A. cerana revealed the conserved expression patterns of 15 key enzymes involved. Functional validation via RNA interference (RNAi) demonstrated that knockdown of acyl-CoA Delta(11) desaturase (d11ds, LOC551527), a key enzyme in FA desaturation, led to a 50% reduction in 10-HDA levels. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis further identified transcriptional regulators Kay and Drep-2 as potential modulators of 10-HDA metabolism. This study provides the first comprehensive mechanistic model of 10-HDA biosynthesis in honeybee MGs and highlights the labor-specific regulation of FA metabolism. These findings offer promising genetic targets for improving the royal jelly quality through genetic technology.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Essential Oil Component Terpinyl Acetate Alters Honey Bee Energy Levels and Foraging Behavior. 精油成分乙酸松油酯改变蜜蜂能量水平和觅食行为。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060561

Trey Mathews, Ella Joyce, Charles I Abramson, Harrington Wells, Robert J Sheaff

{"title":"The Essential Oil Component Terpinyl Acetate Alters Honey Bee Energy Levels and Foraging Behavior.","authors":"Trey Mathews, Ella Joyce, Charles I Abramson, Harrington Wells, Robert J Sheaff","doi":"10.3390/insects16060561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060561","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils have been utilized in the health, learning/memory, and agricultural fields, but not much is known about the biological activity of their individual components. Terpinyl acetate is a p-menthane monoterpenoid commonly found in cardamom, pine, cajeput, pine needle, and other essential oils. Using a cell culture model system, we found that terpinyl acetate is a potent and specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP production, suggesting it might function as a plant toxin. Remarkably, however, terpinyl acetate was not cytotoxic because cells switched to glycolysis to maintain ATP levels. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that terpinyl acetate might be employed to benefit plant survival by modulating metabolism/behavior of plant pollinators such as the honey bee. This hypothesis was tested by investigating terpinyl acetate's effect on honey bee foraging. Free-flying honey bee flower color choice was recorded when visiting a blue-white dimorphic artificial flower patch of 36 flowers. The nectar-reward difference between flower colors was varied in a manner in which both learning and reversal learning could be measured. Terpinyl acetate ingestion disrupted reversal learning but not initial learning: this change caused bees to remain faithful to a flower color longer than was energetically optimal.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conservation of Giant Honey Bee (Apis dorsata F.) for Honey and Beeswax Production and Sustainable Pollination Services. 大蜜蜂（Apis dorsata F.）对蜂蜜和蜂蜡生产和可持续授粉服务的保护。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060560

Ram Chander Sihag

{"title":"Conservation of Giant Honey Bee (Apis dorsata F.) for Honey and Beeswax Production and Sustainable Pollination Services.","authors":"Ram Chander Sihag","doi":"10.3390/insects16060560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060560","url":null,"abstract":"During the past quarter-century, the natural populations of giant honey bees (Apis dorsata) have declined markedly. The loss of nesting sources is one of the many reasons for its decline. This has threatened the pollination services of several agricultural and wild plants in areas of its natural habitat. To sustain pollination services in the natural habitat of this honey bee, conservation efforts are crucial. For this purpose, 1 m-long, 15 cm-wide, and 0.5 m-deep wooden nesting planks were designed and prepared. The latter were hung on the eaves/projections of university buildings to attract the migratory swarms of this honey bee. The occupancy of these planks confirmed that the bees accepted them as nesting sites. The experimental trial was conducted with four treatments, each replicated four times over a period of 10 years. This honey bee accepted, occupied, and nested on only those wooden planks that were treated with molten beeswax or contained traces of beeswax and were tightly fixed to the surface of the eaves/building projections. The occupation and re-occupation indices revealed that this honey bee had strong site preferences. Spraying water on live colonies was the most effective method for safely handling this honey bee, while smoking was slightly less effective. Frequently disturbed colonies showed less aggressiveness than the undisturbed colonies. This study aids in the domestication, handling, and conservation of this honey bee in its natural habitat, where the continuous removal of nesting sources threatens the sustainability of pollination services.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fecal Transmission of Nucleopolyhedroviruses: A Neglected Route to Disease? 多角体核病毒的粪便传播：被忽视的致病途径？

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060562

Trevor Williams

{"title":"Fecal Transmission of Nucleopolyhedroviruses: A Neglected Route to Disease?","authors":"Trevor Williams","doi":"10.3390/insects16060562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060562","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleopolyhedroviruses of lepidopteran larvae (Alphabaculovirus, Baculoviridae) form the basis for effective and highly selective biological insecticides for the control of caterpillar pests of greenhouse and field crops and forests. Horizontal transmission is usually achieved following the release of large quantities of viral occlusion bodies (OBs) from virus-killed insects. In the present review, I examine the evidence for productive midgut infection in different host species and the resulting transmission through the release of OBs in the feces (frass) of the host. This has been a neglected aspect of virus transmission since it was initially studied over six decades ago. The different host-virus pathosystems vary markedly in the quantity of OBs released in feces and in their ability to contaminate the host's food plant. The release of fecal OBs tends to increase over time as the infection progresses. Although based on a small number of studies, the prevalence of transmission of fecal inoculum is comparable with that of recognized alternative routes for transmission and dissemination, such as cannibalism and interactions with predators and parasitoids. Finally, I outline a series of predictions that would affect the importance of OBs in feces as a source of inoculum in the environment and which could form the basis for future lines of research.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reproduction and Wing Differentiation of Gynoparae Are Regulated by Juvenile Hormone Signaling in Aphis gossypii. 棉蚜幼体激素信号调控雌蜂的繁殖和翅膀分化。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060559

Liuyu Wang, Jingli Lv, Xiangzhen Zhu, Kaixin Zhang, Qingyu Shi, Li Wang, Weihua Ma, Jichao Ji, Junyu Luo, Jinjie Cui

{"title":"Reproduction and Wing Differentiation of Gynoparae Are Regulated by Juvenile Hormone Signaling in Aphis gossypii.","authors":"Liuyu Wang, Jingli Lv, Xiangzhen Zhu, Kaixin Zhang, Qingyu Shi, Li Wang, Weihua Ma, Jichao Ji, Junyu Luo, Jinjie Cui","doi":"10.3390/insects16060559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060559","url":null,"abstract":"Gynopara is a specific winged type in the life history of Aphis gossypii. As a key reproduction mode between parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction, it lays sexual females in late autumn. However, little is known about gynoparae because of its rare presence in the wild and the lack of its detailed descriptions. In this study, we investigated the morphological characteristics, ovary maturation process, and key signaling pathways during the development of gynoparae of A. gossypii. With the extension of development stage, the gynoparae exhibited gradually enlarged and thickened abdomen, deepened color. Obviously differentiated wing primordia in the second instar nymphs. Two nested U-shaped zones containing a series of waxy secreta spots were present on the abdomen of the fourth instar nymphs, and these morphological characteristics could be used as important markers for identifying gynoparae. Temporal transcriptomic analysis suggested that juvenile hormone (JH) might be involved in regulating the development of gynoparae. After the application JH analog kinoprene to the first instar nymphs, almost all treated individuals failed to complete wing differentiation, and most lost the ability to produce progeny, suggesting the destructive effect of JH on wing differentiation and reproduction of gynoparae. Moreover, exogenous addition of kinoprene also significantly altered the expression levels of four key genes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of JH. Our findings reveal the mechanism by which JH regulated wing differentiation and reproductive capacity of gynoparae, which lay a foundation for the further research on reproduction mode switch in aphids in the future.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight into the Microbiota of Orthopteran in Relation to Gut Compartmentalisation. 对与肠道区隔化有关的骨科动物微生物群的洞察。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060555

Thierry Hance, Alisa Hamidovic, Siripuk Suraporn

{"title":"Insight into the Microbiota of Orthopteran in Relation to Gut Compartmentalisation.","authors":"Thierry Hance, Alisa Hamidovic, Siripuk Suraporn","doi":"10.3390/insects16060555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060555","url":null,"abstract":"This review first provides an overview of the functional diversity of Orthoptera-associated microbiota and the services they provide to their hosts. However, data are widely scattered across the different families studied, making it difficult to establish whether a core microbiota is present. The abundance of some genera (Pantoea, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter) is associated with the degradation of cellulose compounds, although their clear contribution remains to be determined. In addition, P. agglomerans may play a role in the production of aggregation pheromones in the desert locust. In terms of gut compartmentalisation, the diversity of the bacterial community in the foregut appears to be highly variable between individuals and species, whereas it is more uniform in other parts of the gut. Metabolic pathways of the gut microbiota revealed differences in amino acid metabolism between the midgut and hindgut. Bacteria in the midgut are associated with amino acid synthesis and anaerobic metabolism, whereas pathways in the hindgut may be involved in amino acid catabolism and ace-tyl-CoA-mediated processes. Further research is needed to better understand these different components of the bacterial community in digestive processes, and to identify bacterial species of particular interest in explaining species' lifestyles or for bioconversion.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Temperature Tolerance Increase in Long-Term Domesticated Frankliniella occidentalis Under Constant Temperature? 长期驯化的西富兰克林在恒温条件下耐温性是否提高？

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060557

Lin Shu, Hongbo Li, Yawen Chang, Yuzhou Du

{"title":"Does Temperature Tolerance Increase in Long-Term Domesticated Frankliniella occidentalis Under Constant Temperature?","authors":"Lin Shu, Hongbo Li, Yawen Chang, Yuzhou Du","doi":"10.3390/insects16060557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060557","url":null,"abstract":"The wide distribution of Frankliniella occidentalis is largely due to its extreme temperature adaptability. In current studies, most scholars consider environmental changes to be the main factor affecting insect temperature adaptation. However, our previous studies have shown that the adaptability of F. occidentalis to extreme temperature conditions can be strengthened through domestication. In this study, the population of F. occidentalis raised in the laboratory for a long time (2008-2022) under relatively constant temperature and humidity conditions was used as the experimental material. Over 14 years, changes in temperature tolerance after the same high- and low-temperature stress were evaluated by comparing the survival data of the 2010 population, 2016 population (more than 100 generations), and 2022 population (more than 200 generations). The survival data and LT50 values demonstrated significant stage- and sex-specific differences in thermal tolerance: The cold tolerance of F. occidentalis improved significantly, with LT50 decreasing from -12.5 °C (P2010) to -13.4 °C (P2022) for females and -11.5 °C to -13.0 °C for males. Notably, male adults showed higher survival rates than females at -14 °C and -15 °C. Meanwhile, heat tolerance increased most markedly in 2nd instar larvae (ΔLT50 = +4.1 °C). These findings indicate an environment-independent evolutionary pathway within the population, providing a new research direction for insect population evolution.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Trade-Off Between the Increased Colony Nurturing Ability and the Decreased Lifespan of Worker Bees (Apis mellifera). 蜂群培育能力增强与工蜂寿命缩短之间的权衡。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060558

Chaoxia Sun, Hongji Huang, Mei Yang, Guoshuai Ma, Xinyao Huang, Shaokang Huang, Xinle Duan, Jianghong Li

{"title":"The Trade-Off Between the Increased Colony Nurturing Ability and the Decreased Lifespan of Worker Bees (Apis mellifera).","authors":"Chaoxia Sun, Hongji Huang, Mei Yang, Guoshuai Ma, Xinyao Huang, Shaokang Huang, Xinle Duan, Jianghong Li","doi":"10.3390/insects16060558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060558","url":null,"abstract":"High temperature is normally harmful to an organism. However, honey bees evolve, maintaining a relatively higher colony temperature of 34.5 °C in the long reproduction period. To determine the effect of such a higher colony temperature on adult bees and its biological significance, newly emerged bees were reared in cages at 34.5 °C and room temperature of 25.0 °C, respectively. Their survival rate, head weight, royal jelly-secreting gene expression, and morphology of the hypopharyngeal gland were investigated. Moreover, 40-day-old bees with significant differences in survival rate between the two temperature groups were subject to transcriptome and lipidome analysis. The result showed that the higher colony temperature was overall negative for the bees' longevity. Transcriptome analysis showed that fatty acid metabolism-related items were enriched and the involved genes were upregulated in honey bees reared at 34.5 °C compared with the honey bees reared at 25.0 °C. Lipidomic analysis further validated that fatty acid metabolism, especially sphingolipid metabolism, was significantly altered. Such upregulation of fatty acid metabolism-related genes was also detected in young adult bees of 5 days old reared at 34.5 °C. These bees had heavier head weights, higher expression of royal jelly-secreting-related genes, and more developed hypopharyngeal glands. Such results showed that the colony temperature of 34.5 °C could accelerate the development process of newly emerged bees to be nurse bees, significantly increasing the colony nurturing capability, which in turn increased the development speed, size, and survivability of the colony. Thereby, the colony temperature of 34.5 °C shortened the lifespan of individual bees, but obtained huge returns at the colony level, with remarkable biological significance.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insects最新文献