Insects最新文献_第10页

Characterization of Spectrin Family Genes and Their Evolutionary Roles in Domestication and Breeding of the Silkworm Bombyx mori. 家蚕Spectrin家族基因的特征及其在家蚕驯化和繁殖中的进化作用。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060556

Kunpeng Lu, Chengyu Zhan, Jianghong Shen, Chao Zhi, Jun Deng, Kerui Lai, Minjin Han, Hai Hu, Xiaoling Tong, Fangyin Dai

{"title":"Characterization of Spectrin Family Genes and Their Evolutionary Roles in Domestication and Breeding of the Silkworm Bombyx mori.","authors":"Kunpeng Lu, Chengyu Zhan, Jianghong Shen, Chao Zhi, Jun Deng, Kerui Lai, Minjin Han, Hai Hu, Xiaoling Tong, Fangyin Dai","doi":"10.3390/insects16060556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060556","url":null,"abstract":"The spectrin family genes play critical roles in cytoskeletal organization and cellular integrity, yet their evolutionary and functional significance in non-classical model organisms remains poorly explored. Here, we systematically identified and characterized spectrin family genes in the silkworm Bombyx mori. Genome-wide analysis identified 17 predicted spectrin genes, which were integrated into eight optimized members through transcriptome-guided structural refinement. Multi-species genomic analysis revealed 8, 23, and 24 spectrin family genes in Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed conserved clades across insects and mammals, with gene family expansions in vertebrates. Spatiotemporal expression profiling demonstrated ubiquitous expression of these genes during silkworm development. Population genomic analyses detected strong selection signatures in BmTrio during domestication and implicated BmBeta_spc as a candidate gene for silk yield enhancement in Chinese-improved strains (CHN-I). Expression profiles of parental strains and F1 offspring from a commercial hybrid cross (Jingsong × Haoyue) revealed BmBeta_spc expression correlating with heterosis in silk yield traits. This study elucidates the characterization and functional relevance of silkworm spectrin genes, providing insights into their roles in domestication and breeding.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of Impact of Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii Odor Substances on Host Location of Tomicus yunnanensis. 费迪南-柯氏桤木气味物质对云南褐家鼠寄主定位的影响机制

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060553

Jingyi Bo, Wen Li, Xiangyi Li, Zongbo Li, Xiangzhong Mao, Bin Yang, Ning Zhao

{"title":"Mechanisms of Impact of Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii Odor Substances on Host Location of Tomicus yunnanensis.","authors":"Jingyi Bo, Wen Li, Xiangyi Li, Zongbo Li, Xiangzhong Mao, Bin Yang, Ning Zhao","doi":"10.3390/insects16060553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060553","url":null,"abstract":"In the chemosensory system of insects, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) and odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) play a role in the host location process. This study identified and analyzed chemosensory-related genes from the transcriptomes of different tissues of male and female adults of Tomicus yunnanensis. Subsequently, host odorants from Pinus yunnanensis and non-host odorants from Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii were used to treat the adults of T. yunnanensis to clarify the gene expression changes in the insects and, combined with molecular docking, to explore the mechanism of the non-host odor interfering with the host localisation of T. yunnanensis. A total of 137 chemosensory-related genes were obtained, among which TyunOBP6 was specifically highly expressed in the antennae of T. yunnanensis; TyunCYP4G2 and TyunCYP6DF1 were highly expressed in the remnants of T. yunnanensis, selected as key genes for further research. The odor interference experiment results show that both host and non-host odorants caused up-regulation of TyunOBP6 in antennal expression, and significant changes in the expression of TyunCYP4G2 and TyunCYP6DF1 in the remnants were also observed. The molecular docking results indicate that non-host compounds could compete with host compounds for protein binding sites. The non-host odor of A. ferdinandi-coburgii can interfere with TyunOBPs and TyunCYPs in T. yunnanensis and affect their host localization.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shotgun Metagenome Analysis of Two Schizaphis graminum Biotypes over Time With and Without Carried Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus. 携带和不携带谷物黄矮病毒的两种裂蚜生物型随时间的散弹枪宏基因组分析。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060554

Yan M Crane, Charles F Crane, Subhashree Subramanyam, Brandon J Schemerhorn

{"title":"Shotgun Metagenome Analysis of Two Schizaphis graminum Biotypes over Time With and Without Carried Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus.","authors":"Yan M Crane, Charles F Crane, Subhashree Subramanyam, Brandon J Schemerhorn","doi":"10.3390/insects16060554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060554","url":null,"abstract":"The greenbug aphid (Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)) is a major pest of wheat and an important vector of wheat viruses. An RNA-seq study was conducted to investigate the microbial effects of two greenbug genotypes, the presence or absence of cereal yellow dwarf virus, and the condition of the wheat host over a 20-day time course of unrestricted greenbug feeding. Messenger RNA reads were mapped to ca. 47,000 bacterial, 1218 archaeal, 14,165 viral, 571 fungal, and 94 protozoan reference or representative genomes, plus greenbug itself and its wheat host. Taxon counts were analyzed with QIIME2 and DESeq2. Distinct early (days 1 through 10) and late (days 15 and 20) communities differed in the abundance of typical enteric genera (Shigella, Escherichia, Citrobacter), which declined in the late community, while the ratio of microbial to greenbug read counts declined 50% and diversity measures increased. The nearly universal aphid endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, accounted for less than 25% of the read counts in both communities. There were 302 differentially expressed (populated) genera with respect to early and late dates, while 25 genera differed between the greenbug genotypes and nine differed between carrier and virus-free greenbugs. The late community was likely responding to starvation as the wheat host succumbed to aphid feeding. Our results add to basic knowledge about aphid microbiomes and offer an attractive alternative method to assess insect microbiomes.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Control of Phyllotreta striolata: Growth-Inhibiting Effects of Chemical Insecticides Versus the Green Advantages of a Biopesticide. 黄曲跳甲的比较防治：化学杀虫剂对黄曲跳甲生长的抑制作用与生物农药的绿色优势。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060552

Fuyong Lin, Musa Hassan Muhammad, Yufei Mao, Fan Zhao, Zixuan Wang, Yongcong Hong, Pumo Cai, Xiong Guan, Tianpei Huang

{"title":"Comparative Control of Phyllotreta striolata: Growth-Inhibiting Effects of Chemical Insecticides Versus the Green Advantages of a Biopesticide.","authors":"Fuyong Lin, Musa Hassan Muhammad, Yufei Mao, Fan Zhao, Zixuan Wang, Yongcong Hong, Pumo Cai, Xiong Guan, Tianpei Huang","doi":"10.3390/insects16060552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060552","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllotreta striolata is a major pest of Brassica chinensis, with chemical pesticides being the primary method for pest control. However, their negative impact on crop growth and environmental risks have prompted the search for low-toxicity, environmentally friendly alternatives. This study systematically evaluates the control effectiveness of two commonly used chemical pesticides, Zu Jia® and Jie Tiao®, along with their impact on the growth characteristics of B. chinensis and compares them to the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strain G033A. The control efficacy was assessed by measuring the insect population reduction rate and plant physiological indicators (weight, plant height, chlorophyll content, and root length). The differences between biopesticide and the two chemical pesticide treatments were analyzed. The results indicated that both Bt strain G033A and the chemical pesticides significantly controlled P. striolata. However, chemical pesticides (Zu Jia® and Jie Tiao®) significantly reduced the chlorophyll content, plant height, and weight of B. chinensis (p < 0.05), whereas Bt strain G033A had no significant adverse effects on these plant traits (p > 0.05). The colonization characteristics of the Bt strain suggest potential for sustained pest control, while chemical pesticides exhibited rapid pest suppression effects. The findings highlight a novel IPM strategy that integrates the long-lasting efficacy of Bt biopesticides with the rapid action of chemical pesticides, offering a more sustainable and balanced approach to P. striolata management in B. chinensis cultivation.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of Di- and Tri-Locus kdr Mutations in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Texas, USA, and the Implications for Insecticide Resistance. 美国德克萨斯州埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊二位点和三位点kdr突变的检测及其对杀虫剂抗性的影响

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060551

Bianca M Wimmer, Cynthia Reinoso Webb, Steven M Presley

{"title":"Detection of Di- and Tri-Locus kdr Mutations in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Texas, USA, and the Implications for Insecticide Resistance.","authors":"Bianca M Wimmer, Cynthia Reinoso Webb, Steven M Presley","doi":"10.3390/insects16060551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060551","url":null,"abstract":"During the last 20 years, there has been increasing concern about inefficient vector control efforts due to insecticide resistance. A common mechanism causing insecticide resistance is mutational changes in the voltage-gated sodium channel, deemed knockdown resistance (kdr), resulting from continued pyrethroid application. Although closely related, there have been documented kdr differences and frequencies between Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Individual Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from five counties in Texas, USA were tested using four single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping assays to assess the kdr (F1534C, V1016I, V410L, and S989P) differences between the two species. Each mutation was analyzed independently by calculating frequencies and analyzing the difference using a Wilcox Rank Sum test. Significant differences were observed between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus when comparing F1534C and V410L (p-value < 0.0001). Knockdown resistant mutation V1016I was not different between the two species. Individuals from both species had di-locus mutations, and individuals from Ae. aegypti had tri-locus mutations detected in combinations that have been reported to influence insecticide resistance. Given our findings, one can speculate that populations of both species are resistant to pyrethroids, thus likely limiting the success of control methods.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insecticidal Effects of Native Raw and Commercial Diatomaceous Earth Against Lesser Grain Borer and Granary Weevil Under Different Environmental Conditions. 不同环境条件下国产原料硅藻土和商品硅藻土对小螟虫和粮仓象鼻虫的杀虫效果。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060549

Ayhan Ogreten, Sedat Eren, Cetin Mutlu, Tarkan Ayaz, Amna Saeed, Georgina V Bingham, William R Morrison

{"title":"Insecticidal Effects of Native Raw and Commercial Diatomaceous Earth Against Lesser Grain Borer and Granary Weevil Under Different Environmental Conditions.","authors":"Ayhan Ogreten, Sedat Eren, Cetin Mutlu, Tarkan Ayaz, Amna Saeed, Georgina V Bingham, William R Morrison","doi":"10.3390/insects16060549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060549","url":null,"abstract":"Stored grain pests cause significant economic losses during cereal grain storage. Insecticides have long been central to pest control; however, growing concerns over resistance, environmental harm, and human health demand alternative strategies. Diatomaceous earth (DE) treatments are a safe, eco-friendly alternative to insecticides, although their efficacy depends on the temperature, humidity, dose, and insect species. This study assessed the insecticidal effects of two natively-sourced raw (Ankara and Aydin) and one commercial (Silico-Sec) DE treatments against the key pest species Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Sitophilus granarius (L.) on stored wheat. Five doses (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 ppm) of each DE treatment were tested under two temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C) and two humidity levels (40% and 60%). Mortality was assessed at 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment (DAT). All DE treatments caused higher mortality in S. granarius than R. dominica. The highest mortality occurred in S. granarius at 30 °C and 40% RH with the highest dose. Aydin DE was most effective, but did not reach 100% mortality in S. granarius by 21 DAT. In contrast, it caused 100% mortality in R. dominica under the same conditions. There was no F1 progeny produced by surviving individuals of both species. Given the similarity of the environmental conditions to the optimal conditions for DE efficacy present in Turkish storage facilities, natively sourced Aydin DE is a promising control option.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance to Flumethrin in Varroa destructor Populations in Muğla, Türkiye. Muğla、<s:1>基耶省灭蟑种群对氟氯菊酯的表型和基因型抗性评价。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060548

Ali Sorucu, Bekir Çöl, Esra Dibek, Anara Babayeva

{"title":"Assessing Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance to Flumethrin in Varroa destructor Populations in Muğla, Türkiye.","authors":"Ali Sorucu, Bekir Çöl, Esra Dibek, Anara Babayeva","doi":"10.3390/insects16060548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060548","url":null,"abstract":"Beekeepers use a variety of methods to control Varroa destructor (varroa). Chemical control relies heavily on flumethrin, amitraz, coumaphos, and tau-fluvalinate products. However, increasing colony losses in recent years have been linked to the development of resistance in varroa mites to these insecticides. Varroa mites develop mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) that confer resistance to pyrethroids such as flumethrin. Specifically, researchers have identified substitutions of the leucine amino acid at VGSC L925 with isoleucine, methionine, or valine. This study investigated phenotypic and genotypic resistance to flumethrin in varroa populations in Muğla, Türkiye. LD50 values (lethal dose for 50% mortality) were quantified, and PCR and sequencing were used to analyze the VGSC L925 gene region. The PCR results confirmed mutations in the target gene region in all samples. Sequencing revealed that 95% of the population carried homozygous resistant alleles, while 5% were heterozygous. At the VGSC L925 locus, leucine was replaced by isoleucine (91%), methionine (6%), and valine (3%). Phenotypic assays showed an average LD50 value of 49.1 µg (range: 31-61.8 µg). Comparison of LD50 between resistant and susceptible populations was not possible because no susceptible individuals were identified. Despite the resistance, mortality increased with escalating doses, suggesting that current protocols may be temporarily mitigating infestations. However, urgent dose adjustments and alternative control strategies are critical to prevent imminent colony collapse.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sec61s and Sec62/Sec63 Genes Are Essential for Survival by Regulating the Gut and Cuticle Development in Locusta migratoria. Sec61s和Sec62/Sec63基因通过调节迁徙蝗肠道和角质层的发育对生存至关重要。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/insects16060550

Xiaojian Liu, Mingzhu Ji, Jianzhen Zhang

{"title":"Sec61s and Sec62/Sec63 Genes Are Essential for Survival by Regulating the Gut and Cuticle Development in Locusta migratoria.","authors":"Xiaojian Liu, Mingzhu Ji, Jianzhen Zhang","doi":"10.3390/insects16060550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060550","url":null,"abstract":"In eukaryotes, a lot of proteins are transported across the endoplasmic reticulum by the heterotrimeric Sec61 channel. And post-translational transport needs another Sec62/Sec63 complex. However, functions of these genes are poorly explored in insects. In this study, we first identified five Sec genes, named Sec61α, Sec61β, Sec61γ, Sec62 and Sec63, in Locusta migratoria. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that these five genes were expressed in muti-tissues, including wing pad, leg, foregut, midgut, gastric cecum, hindgut, and highly expressed in the integument. Knockdown of LmSec61α and LmSec61γ by RNA interference (RNAi) lead to the feeding cessation with a mortality rate of 100%. However, there is only 13.4% of dsLmSec61β-injected nymphs died before molting. All nymphs injected with dsLmSec61α and dsLmSec61γ died before molting with the gut atrophy. Furthermore, hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that the cells of the midguts and gastric caecum were defective, and the microvilli and peritrophic matrix were destroyed seriously after silencing LmSec61α and LmSec61γ. Knockdown of LmSec62 and LmSec63 resulted in high mortality before and during molting. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that both the formation of the new cuticle and the degradation of the old cuticle were inhibited in dsLmSec63-injected insects compared to the controls. Especially, there was no obvious plaques on microvillar tips of the epidermal cells after silencing of LmSec63. These results revealed that Sec61s and Sec62/Sec63 genes are required in the gut and cuticle development of locusts. Therefore, these genes are potential targets for the control of locusts.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

20-Hydroxyecdysone Modulates Bmp53-Mediated Apoptosis Regulation by Suppressing Mdm2-like-Dependent Ubiquitination in Silkworm, Bombyx mori. 20-羟基蜕皮激素通过抑制mdm2样依赖泛素化调节家蚕bmp53介导的细胞凋亡调控。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/insects16050544

Meixian Wang, Dingding Han, Luyang Xiang, Jiahao Wang, Benteng Luo, Xingjia Shen

{"title":"20-Hydroxyecdysone Modulates Bmp53-Mediated Apoptosis Regulation by Suppressing Mdm2-like-Dependent Ubiquitination in Silkworm, Bombyx mori.","authors":"Meixian Wang, Dingding Han, Luyang Xiang, Jiahao Wang, Benteng Luo, Xingjia Shen","doi":"10.3390/insects16050544","DOIUrl":"10.3390/insects16050544","url":null,"abstract":"In the silkworm, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) induces apoptosis and autophagy, driving larval organ degeneration and remodeling. This mechanism may be a potential target for eco-friendly strategy for insect pests. However, a major challenge in harnessing this approach lies in the insufficient understanding of 20E's regulatory process in such a cell death mechanism. Our previous research has identified Bmp53 as a crucial gene in promoting the development of Bombyx mori during the pupal stage by inducing apoptosis, and has predicted the potential apoptotic regulatory network of Bmp53, wherein Mdm2-like ubiquitinating structural protein serves as a key component of this network. This study demonstrates that Mdm2-like acts as a ubiquitination regulatory protein, controlling its apoptosis-inducing activity via interaction with Bmp53. Moreover, co-expression of Mdm2-like and Bmp53 indirectly affects gene expression in the 20E-mediated apoptosis pathway. Further investigation revealed that Mdm2-like suppresses 20E-induced apoptosis by downregulating Bmp53 expression. This study reveals that the ubiquitination-mediated Mdm2-like/Bmp53 apoptosis pathway is a novel mechanism regulating silkworm apoptosis, with 20E playing a crucial role in this process. These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying tissue degradation during the metamorphic stage of the Bombyx mori. Additionally, these insights provide a theoretical reference for the development of environmentally friendly, hormone-based control strategies targeting protein modification as a means of managing lepidopteran pests.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12112081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RDW-YOLO: A Deep Learning Framework for Scalable Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control. RDW-YOLO：一个可扩展的农业有害生物监测和控制的深度学习框架。

IF 2.7 2区农林科学

Insects Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/insects16050545

Jiaxin Song, Ke Cheng, Fei Chen, Xuecheng Hua

{"title":"RDW-YOLO: A Deep Learning Framework for Scalable Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control.","authors":"Jiaxin Song, Ke Cheng, Fei Chen, Xuecheng Hua","doi":"10.3390/insects16050545","DOIUrl":"10.3390/insects16050545","url":null,"abstract":"Due to target diversity, life-cycle variations, and complex backgrounds, traditional pest detection methods often struggle with accuracy and efficiency. This study introduces RDW-YOLO, an improved pest detection algorithm based on YOLO11, featuring three key innovations. First, the Reparameterized Dilated Fusion Block (RDFBlock) enhances feature extraction via multi-branch dilated convolutions for fine-grained pest characteristics. Second, the DualPathDown (DPDown) module integrates hybrid pooling and convolution for better multi-scale adaptability. Third, an enhanced Wise-Wasserstein IoU (WWIoU) loss function optimizes the matching mechanism and improves bounding-box regression. Experiments on the enhanced IP102 dataset show that RDW-YOLO achieves an mAP@0.5 of 71.3% and an mAP@0.5:0.95 of 50.0%, surpassing YOLO11 by 3.1% and 2.0%, respectively. The model also adopts a lightweight design and has a computational complexity of 5.6 G, ensuring efficient deployment without sacrificing accuracy. These results highlight RDW-YOLO's potential for precise and efficient pest detection in sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":13642,"journal":{"name":"Insects","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12112463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0