Insect Science最新文献_第3页

Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). 热带臭虫半翅目：臭虫科二氧化碳受体的鉴定。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70120

Delong Kong, Zitong Wang, Hui Guo, Tao Lin, Dingxin Jiang, Hualong Qiu, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Lufei Xie, Yongyue Lu, Feng Liu, Changlu Wang, Desen Wang

{"title":"Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).","authors":"Delong Kong, Zitong Wang, Hui Guo, Tao Lin, Dingxin Jiang, Hualong Qiu, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Lufei Xie, Yongyue Lu, Feng Liu, Changlu Wang, Desen Wang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70120","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a crucial role in the host search/localization process of bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., and Cimex hemipterus (F.). Current research on the CO2 perception by bed bugs mainly focuses on their behavioral responses, and the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In addition, existing research has mainly been conducted on C. lectularius with very little research on C. hemipterus. In this study, we investigated the behavioral response of C. hemipterus to CO2 and analyzed the role of antennae in the CO2 sensing process. Then, potential CO2 receptor genes were screened through antennal RNA sequencing and tissue-specific expression profiling analysis. Finally, the function of CO2 receptors was further validated using RNA interference. Results indicated that increasing the CO2 concentration in the air not only stimulated the activity of C. hemipterus, but also presented a directional attraction effect on them. CO2, with a concentration of 0.06%-1.8%, had a significant attraction effect on C. hemipterus. Removal of the antennae led to the loss of bed bugs' preference for CO2. Four candidate CO2 receptor genes (ChGR1, ChGR2, ChGR3, and ChGR4) were identified through transcriptomic analysis of the bed bug antennae, and 3 of them (ChGR2, ChGR3, and ChGR4) were highly expressed in the antennae. Silencing ChGR2 or ChGR4 individually led to a significant reduction or even loss of CO2 sensing ability in C. hemipterus. In conclusion, CO2 can induce the host searching behavior of C. hemipterus; moreover, ChGR2 and ChGR4 are crucial for detecting CO2 in C. hemipterus.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arthropod diversity dynamics in guava and cherimoya plantations affected by Solenopsis invicta invasion. 无尾螺线苋入侵对番石榴和番荔枝人工林节肢动物多样性的影响

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70119

Yuling Liang, Yunbo Song, Jingxin Hong, Yangting Ou, Meng Chen, Jiarui Wu, Huimei Chen, Mingrong Liang, Yongyue Lu

{"title":"Arthropod diversity dynamics in guava and cherimoya plantations affected by Solenopsis invicta invasion.","authors":"Yuling Liang, Yunbo Song, Jingxin Hong, Yangting Ou, Meng Chen, Jiarui Wu, Huimei Chen, Mingrong Liang, Yongyue Lu","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70119","url":null,"abstract":"The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta, RIFA) is one of the most ecologically disruptive invasive species, yet its impacts on arthropod biodiversity within subtropical orchard agroecosystems-particularly guava (Psidium guajava) and cherimoya (Annona cherimola) plantations-remain insufficiently quantified. This study investigated how RIFA invasion influences arthropod community composition, diversity and trophic group dynamics across these 2 plantation systems in southern China. Results indicated that RIFA invasions significantly reduced both order- and family-level richness and evenness. Arthropod order richness declined markedly in invaded areas, with only 8 orders detected in invaded cherimoya plots compared to 11 in non-invaded plots. At the family level, diversity decreased by 75% in guava plantations (from 8 to 2 families) and by 60% in cherimoya plantations (from 10 to 4 families). In invaded plots, RIFAs constituted over 80% of the total arthropod population. Hedges' g effect sizes further revealed substantial increases in overall arthropod abundance (+277.62%) and RIFA-specific abundance (+357.42%), coupled with significant declines in family richness (-16.29%) and non-RIFA arthropod abundance (-22.78%). Piecewise structural equation modeling indicated that RIFA exerted strong, negative impacts on detritivores and omnivores, while herbivores were less affected, indirectly suppressing predators by reducing their prey base. Collectively, these findings suggested that RIFA invasion drove pronounced taxonomic homogenization, functional simplification and trophic imbalance within agricultural landscapes. Effective, long-term monitoring and biodiversity-focused management strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the ecological degradation driven by RIFA invasions in these critical agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A preventive strategy for the control of aphids in sweet pepper using lacewings and micrococcinelid beetles. 应用草蛉和微球虫对甜椒蚜虫的防治策略。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70099

Jesica Pérez-Rodríguez, Reinier T Valstar, Ada Leman, Gerben J Messelink

{"title":"A preventive strategy for the control of aphids in sweet pepper using lacewings and micrococcinelid beetles.","authors":"Jesica Pérez-Rodríguez, Reinier T Valstar, Ada Leman, Gerben J Messelink","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70099","url":null,"abstract":"Aphids are a serious threat to sweet pepper crops. Due to increasing aphid resistance to insecticides and rising demand for pesticide-free products, pest management is currently based on biological control programs. However, growers often face economic losses because these programs have limited success, largely due to poor establishment of natural enemies when aphid populations are low. This study aimed to evaluate new natural enemies for early-season aphid control. Two candidates were selected to be used against the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae): the micrococcinellid Scymnus interruptus (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and the brown lacewing Micromus variegatus (Fabricius) (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae). Two studies were conducted to assess their potential as aphid biocontrol agents. Firstly, different alternative food sources that might help for supporting their establishment in the absence of aphids were tested. Secondly, in a greenhouse experiment conducted in walk-in cages, natural enemies were released under preventive conditions (long aphid absence). Their establishment, complementarity, and effectiveness were evaluated during 5 weeks, after periodical low aphid infestations. Our results exposed that supplemental food sources must be provided for the survival of M. variegatus when aphids are absent in the crop. However, S. interruptus could survive in absence of aphids in the presence of sweet pepper flowers for a long period. Our greenhouse trial showed S. interruptus provided better aphid control than M. variegatus but the best results came from combining both species. Overall, our study demonstrated the potential of M. variegatus and S. interruptus as preventive biocontrol agents against aphids in sweet pepper crops.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal population dynamics and voltinism of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys in Northern Greece. 希腊北部褐纹臭虫的季节性种群动态和嗜毒性。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70110

Eleni I Koutsogeorgiou, Theodoros Moysiadis, Emmanuel I Navrozidis, Nikos A Kouloussis, Stefanos S Andreadis

{"title":"Seasonal population dynamics and voltinism of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys in Northern Greece.","authors":"Eleni I Koutsogeorgiou, Theodoros Moysiadis, Emmanuel I Navrozidis, Nikos A Kouloussis, Stefanos S Andreadis","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70110","url":null,"abstract":"The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is an invasive pest posing a significant threat to agricultural crops in various regions, including Northern Greece. This study investigates the seasonal abundance and population dynamics of H. halys in kiwifruit orchards across two prefectures, Imathia and Pieria, over a 3-year period (2021-2023). Monitoring was conducted using pheromone-baited traps to capture mobile life stages from May to October. Our results showcase adult emergence from overwintering sites in April, followed by two peaks in adult captures in late July to mid-August and late September, indicating the presence of two overlapping generations, furtherly corroborated by the corresponding seasonal pattern of L2 nymphs in both regions. Population density and peaks varied regionally, with Imathia consistently exhibiting higher numbers of H. halys compared to Pieria. Environmental factors, such as climatic conditions, likely influenced the timing of adult emergence and diapause termination and the seasonal shifts in population structure. The findings of this study underscore the importance of localized management strategies tailored to the specific ecological conditions of each region to mitigate the impact of H. halys on agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera: current status and perspectives. 鳞翅目性别决定的分子机制：现状与展望。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70111

František Marec, Atsuo Yoshido, Arjen E van T Hof

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera: current status and perspectives.","authors":"František Marec, Atsuo Yoshido, Arjen E van T Hof","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70111","url":null,"abstract":"Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) are the largest group of organisms with female heterogamety and the sex chromosome system WZ/ZZ (female/male) or exceptionally Z0/ZZ. However, the genetic basis of sex determination in Lepidoptera remained unknown for a long time until the sex-determining pathway was discovered in 2014 in the silkworm Bombyx mori. In this species, the dominant W chromosome carries a Feminizer (Fem) gene encoding a precursor of a Fem piRNA that promotes femaleness by downregulating the expression of a Z-linked gene, Masculinizer (Masc). In the W chromosome absence, Masc promotes male development and controls dosage compensation. In the 10 years since this discovery, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera. Data from recent studies discussed in this review suggest a conserved role for Masc in male sex determination and dosage compensation in the clade Ditrysia, which comprises the majority of Lepidoptera. Although the primary sex-determining signals are not conserved, the presence of feminizing piRNAs of different origins in distantly related species suggests convergent evolution of a similar mechanism of female sex determination. A unique exception is zygosity-based sex determination in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, where the primary signal is the state of the hypervariable Masc gene. In other species with a dispensable W chromosome, such as the silkmoth Samia cynthia, sex is determined by the Z:A ratio, but a molecular mechanism is not yet known. Overall, the available data suggest considerable diversity in the upstream molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eiger pleiotropically regulates the immunity of Ostrinia furnacalis larvae. 艾格多效性调节玉米螟幼虫免疫功能。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70108

Honglun Bi, Wenlong Guo, Shiqi Lu, He Zhang, Yulin Liu, Qin Lu, Mengyao Dong, Shuzhong Li, Congjing Feng

{"title":"Eiger pleiotropically regulates the immunity of Ostrinia furnacalis larvae.","authors":"Honglun Bi, Wenlong Guo, Shiqi Lu, He Zhang, Yulin Liu, Qin Lu, Mengyao Dong, Shuzhong Li, Congjing Feng","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70108","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily is a set of essential inflammatory cytokines. In Drosophila, as a homolog of TNF, Eiger was first identified, which is involved in innate immunity signaling pathways. However, in Lepidoptera, the functions of Eiger and its molecular regulatory mechanisms on immune responses are unknown. In this study, Eiger was cloned from Ostrinia furnacalis. OfEiger has a conserved structural domain of the TNF family. The expression of OfEiger increased with the age of O. furnacalis larvae, and was the highest in the hemocytes. After O. furnacalis larvae were injected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Micrococcus luteus, the expression of OfEiger was significantly upregulated. The expression levels of several genes in the immune pathways of O. furnacalis larvae were downregulated at 60 h post-injection of double-stranded Eiger (dsEiger), including IMD, Toll, nitric oxide (NO), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Moreover, the expression levels of the 4 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), OfLebocin, OfAttacin, OfGloverin, and OfMoricin, were downregulated. In addition, the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by hemocytes was reduced in O. furnacalis larvae after dsEiger injection. Injections of P. aeruginosa or M. luteus into O. furnacalis larvae following OfEiger RNA interference reduced the larvae's survival rate and increased the expression levels of OfMyD88 and OfJNK. Still, they suppressed the expression of OfNOS1 and AMP genes and inhibited phenoloxidase (PO) activity in O. furnacalis larvae. In conclusion, OfEiger is a vital insect immune regulator, which synergistically regulates IMD, Toll, NO, and MAPK signaling pathways and adjusts PO activity, cellular immunity, AMPs, and other effectors.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lethal and sublethal effects of three dust products on the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). 致命和亚致死效应的三个尘埃产品热带臭虫,臭虫hemipterus(半翅类:臭虫科)。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70116

Delong Kong, Ruyue Zhai, Qiling Liang, Hui Guo, Zitong Wang, Changlu Wang, Tongen Ye, Junli Xiao, Lanfeng Wang, Lufei Xie, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Desen Wang

{"title":"Lethal and sublethal effects of three dust products on the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).","authors":"Delong Kong, Ruyue Zhai, Qiling Liang, Hui Guo, Zitong Wang, Changlu Wang, Tongen Ye, Junli Xiao, Lanfeng Wang, Lufei Xie, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Desen Wang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70116","url":null,"abstract":"Desiccant dusts have been shown to be effective materials in the management of bed bugs (Cimex spp.). Past research primarily focused on exploring the direct lethal effect of dusts against bed bugs, whereas information on their sublethal effects on bed bugs are limited. In this study, we evaluated the lethal effect of 3 dust products (Johnson's® Baby powder, Vazor DE powder™, and CimeXa™; abbreviated as Baby powder, DE, and CimeXa) against the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.), under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the 3 dust products caused 97%-100% mortality to tropical bed bugs within 14 d, both in no-choice and choice experiments. However, in a brief exposure experiment (crossing a 2.5-cm-wide band), Baby powder exposure caused a significantly lower mortality (23%) than DE (88%) and CimeXa (100%). The more effective dusts (DE and CimeXa) were selected for further evaluation of their sublethal effects on C. hemipterus. DE and CimeXa caused significantly higher mortality (48%-58%) through horizontal transfer than that of control (6%). Brief exposure to DE and CimeXa dusts did not affect tropical bed bug activity and their response to CO2. However, CimeXa-exposed tropical bed bugs exhibited reduced feeding and lowered survival rate after feeding. Moreover, both DE and CimeXa dust bands showed strong barrier effects on the crawling of tropical bed bugs. Our results indicate that both DE and CimeXa have great potential for preventing C. hemipterus from reaching protected areas and for controlling C. hemipterus.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRISPR screening unravels genome-wide regulators of juvenile hormone signaling in Bombyx mori. CRISPR筛选揭示家蚕幼崽激素信号的全基因组调节因子。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70103

Hao Sun, Chaojie Chen, Zijian Shi, Yue Liu, Ruolin Wang, Dan Liu, Tong Zhang, Sanyuan Ma, Ling Jia

{"title":"CRISPR screening unravels genome-wide regulators of juvenile hormone signaling in Bombyx mori.","authors":"Hao Sun, Chaojie Chen, Zijian Shi, Yue Liu, Ruolin Wang, Dan Liu, Tong Zhang, Sanyuan Ma, Ling Jia","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70103","url":null,"abstract":"Insect metamorphosis constitutes a sophisticated endocrine cascade governed by the dynamic interplay between juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Although JH has been established as a critical developmental regulator, its intracellular signaling mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we implemented a genome-wide CRISPR screening strategy in the lepidopteran model Bombyx mori to systematically identify components of JH signaling. First, we developed a JH-responsive reporter cell line with EGFP expression under the control of JH-sensitive promoters, enabling real-time monitoring of pathway activation. Then we established a genome-scale CRISPR knockout library specifically optimized for silkworm cells, and performed screening through integration of high-throughput flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing. Systematic analysis revealed a total of 387 candidate genes that significantly modulated JH signaling activity (231 enriched vs. 156 depleted). Functional annotation clustering revealed predominant enrichment in membrane biogenesis processes and small molecule metabolism. It is worth noting that through integrated genomic screening and experimental verification, we found that the tyrosine kinase receptor BmALK is an important regulatory node for JH signal transduction. This study establishes the first comprehensive genetic landscape of JH signaling in a holometabolous insect, providing a robust platform for functional mining of JH signaling pathways, and molecular evidence for membrane-associated JH signal transduction in Lepidoptera.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bumblebees prefer shorter over longer strings and connected over disconnected ones in string-pulling tasks but prioritize connectivity over spatial proximity when the two are in conflict. 在拉绳任务中，大黄蜂更喜欢短的绳子而不是长绳子，更喜欢连接的绳子而不是断开的绳子，但当两者冲突时，它们会优先考虑连通性而不是空间接近性。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70113

Chao Wen, Shunping Dong, Yuhao Guo, Cai Wang, Weicheng Ding, Jin Ge, Junbao Wen, Lars Chittka

{"title":"Bumblebees prefer shorter over longer strings and connected over disconnected ones in string-pulling tasks but prioritize connectivity over spatial proximity when the two are in conflict.","authors":"Chao Wen, Shunping Dong, Yuhao Guo, Cai Wang, Weicheng Ding, Jin Ge, Junbao Wen, Lars Chittka","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70113","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to investigate the trade-off strategies between efficiency and accessibility employed by bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) when solving string-pulling tasks. In these tasks, bees were required to choose between two strings, which varied in length, and whether or not they were connected to an artificial flower. Our results indicate that when presented with strings of varying lengths connected to artificial flowers containing rewards, the bees consistently preferred the shorter string. Instead of learning the string length experienced during training, the bees showed a preference for the shorter string, even after being trained with a longer one. Bumblebees were also capable of selecting connected over disconnected strings, even when proximity served as a confounding factor. These findings demonstrate that bumblebees flexibly deploy a diversity of strategies to solve string-pulling tasks, shedding light on their problem-solving capabilities when tackling non-natural spatial and object manipulation tasks.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissecting the roles of Taiman in pupation and female reproduction of Helicoverpa armigera. 台湾人在棉铃虫化蛹和雌性繁殖中的作用。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70096

Long Ma, Hao-Jie Zheng, Hong-Bin Ge, Ying-Chuan Peng, You-Xin Yang, Zi-Wei Zhao, Wan-Na Zhang, Hai-Jun Xiao

{"title":"Dissecting the roles of Taiman in pupation and female reproduction of Helicoverpa armigera.","authors":"Long Ma, Hao-Jie Zheng, Hong-Bin Ge, Ying-Chuan Peng, You-Xin Yang, Zi-Wei Zhao, Wan-Na Zhang, Hai-Jun Xiao","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70096","url":null,"abstract":"In insects, metamorphosis and reproduction are coordinated by juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). A transcription factor Taiman (Tai) serves as a coactivator of the functional 20E receptor and heterodimerizes with JH receptor Methoprene-tolerant (Met) to form an active receptor complex, encoding a key modulator of JH and 20E signaling pathways. However, direct evidence for the participation of Tai in metamorphic actions and vitellogenesis is quite limited. Herein, 1 isoform of Tai was identified from Helicoverpa armigera, named HaTai; the transcription of HaTai was stimulated by either JH or 20E ingestion. Knocking down HaTai in 5th instar larvae caused severe pupation failure and weight loss, wherein 69.44% of HaTai-RNAi (RNA interference) larvae died from pupation failure within 6 d. The HaTai-RNAi larvae exhibited attenuated JH signaling but intensified ecdysteroidogenesis, whereas supplementation with JH or 20E failed to recover the expression of HaTai. In female adults, depleting HaTai blocked vitellogenin transcription and caused atrophied ovaries with deficient yolk protein deposition. The HaTai-depleted females exhibited a substantial decrease in egg production. Moreover, the HaTai-depleted fat body became remarkably loose and partly vacuolated, accompanied by a reduction of triglyceride content. To explore the feasibility of oral-ingested RNAi, feeding chitosan-wrapped double-stranded RNA targeting Tai induced a pronounced silencing effect in larvae, causing a significant increase in larval mortality and a decrease in pupation rate. Our study therefore unveiled the complex roles of HaTai in pupation and JH-mediated vitellogenesis, and explored an effective RNAi method applicable in H. armigera.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0