Insect Science最新文献_第3页

Spatiotemporal changes in prevalence of Sodalis glossinidius, Spiroplasma spp. and trypanosome species in wild Glossina tachinoides from Sora-Mboum animal African trypanosomiasis focus in northern Cameroon. 喀麦隆北部Sora-Mboum动物非洲锥虫病疫源地野生锥虫中舌索虫、螺旋体和锥虫种群流行率的时空变化

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70160

Steve Feudjio Soffack, Tito T Melachio Tanekou, Hugues C Nana Djeunga, Oumarou Farikou, Ginette I Kame Ngasse, Mureille C Tchami Mbagnia, Murielle Wondji, Charles S Wondji, Hager Khalil, Adly M M Abd-Alla, Anne Geiger, Gustave Simo, Flobert Njiokou

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes in prevalence of Sodalis glossinidius, Spiroplasma spp. and trypanosome species in wild Glossina tachinoides from Sora-Mboum animal African trypanosomiasis focus in northern Cameroon.","authors":"Steve Feudjio Soffack, Tito T Melachio Tanekou, Hugues C Nana Djeunga, Oumarou Farikou, Ginette I Kame Ngasse, Mureille C Tchami Mbagnia, Murielle Wondji, Charles S Wondji, Hager Khalil, Adly M M Abd-Alla, Anne Geiger, Gustave Simo, Flobert Njiokou","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70160","url":null,"abstract":"Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has proven effective to reduce tsetse population density in large infected areas where animal African trypanosomosis (AAT) and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) elimination was difficult to achieve. However, the decrease in mass production of insectary-reared tsetse and the limited but incomplete knowledge on symbiont-trypanosome interaction over time, impede large-scale use of SIT. We investigated the spatiotemporal changes in symbiont prevalence and symbiont-trypanosome interactions in wild tsetse of Sora-Mboum AAT focus in northern Cameroon, collected in 2019 and 2020, to provide insights into the mass production of refractory tsetse. Spiroplasma spp., Sodalis glossinidius and trypanosomes were screened with PCR. G. tachinoides was the most abundant Glossina species found in Sora-Mboum focus. Symbiont prevalences in G. tachinoides were higher in 2019 compared to 2020, from 67.6% to 53.5% for Spiroplasma spp. and from 28.8% to 8.1% for S. glossinidius. These symbionts were also found at higher prevalence in flies from Mouhoun HAT focus in Burkina Faso. Four trypanosome taxa (Trypanosoma congolense forest type, T. congolense savannah type, T. brucei s.l., and T. vivax) were found in Sora-Mboum focus and Mouhoun focus, though at lower prevalence in Mouhoun. The presence of Spiroplasma spp. in adult tsetse was negatively associated with that of trypanosomes. Our study highlights the potential of Spiroplasma spp. as a good paratransgenesis candidate to enhance SIT application. This symbiont is naturally found in high proportions of tsetse and could prevent factory flies from acquiring and transmitting trypanosomes during their lifespan when released for population density control.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae) microbiome across diverse geographic regions of Morocco. 摩洛哥不同地理区域橄榄蝇（油橄榄小实蝇）微生物组的特征。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70126

Youssef El Yamlahi, Imane Remmal, Amal Maurady, Mohammed R Britel, Abdelmonaim Homrani Bakali, Naima Bel Mokhtar, Ioannis Galiatsatos, Panagiota Stathopoulou, George Tsiamis

{"title":"Characterization of the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae) microbiome across diverse geographic regions of Morocco.","authors":"Youssef El Yamlahi, Imane Remmal, Amal Maurady, Mohammed R Britel, Abdelmonaim Homrani Bakali, Naima Bel Mokhtar, Ioannis Galiatsatos, Panagiota Stathopoulou, George Tsiamis","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70126","url":null,"abstract":"The olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) is a significant pest threatening olive production worldwide. Bactrocera oleae relies on symbiotic bacteria for nutrition, development, and adaptation to its environment. Among these, Candidatus Erwinia dacicola is the most dominant symbiont and plays a key role in the fly's physiology and ecological adaptation. Understanding the dynamics between B. oleae, Ca. E. dacicola, and other components of the B. oleae microbiome is essential for developing effective targeted area-wide pest management strategies. This study aims to leverage full 16S rRNA gene sequencing to enhance the characterization of microbiome diversity in wild B. oleae populations from different regions in Morocco: Ouezzane, Rabat, Tanger, Errachidia, and Beni-Mellal. The results revealed distinct microbiome compositions influenced by geographic locations, with Candidatus Erwinia dacicola as the dominant symbiont, followed by Erwinia persicina as a secondary contributor. Other bacterial taxa, including Asaia bogorensis, were also identified, highlighting the functional diversity within the olive fly microbiome. These findings provide insights into the microbial ecology of B. oleae, contributing to the development and enhancement of sustainable pest control strategies.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ABCC3 mediates insecticide metabolism and functions as a receptor for Bt toxins in Plutella xylostella. ABCC3介导小菜蛾的杀虫剂代谢并作为Bt毒素受体发挥作用。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70156

Yuanyuan Zhou, Yuansheng Liu, Jinli Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaochen Ma, Wei Chen, Qing Yang

{"title":"ABCC3 mediates insecticide metabolism and functions as a receptor for Bt toxins in Plutella xylostella.","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou, Yuansheng Liu, Jinli Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaochen Ma, Wei Chen, Qing Yang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70156","url":null,"abstract":"Plutella xylostella is a major global pest with increasing resistance to insecticides. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are implicated in the metabolism of insecticides, but their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized the role of P. xylostella ABCC3 (PxABCC3) in mediating the metabolism of chemical insecticides and its function as a receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. PxABCC3 and its mutant variants were cloned, expressed, and purified, followed by biochemical and structural analyses. Our results showed that PxABCC3 exhibits typical ABC transporter structural features and its ATPase activity is significantly modulated by chlorpyrifos and pyriproxyfen, and other insecticides. Surface plasmon resonance confirmed direct insecticide binding. Overexpression of PxABCC3 in insect cells enhanced survival under chlorpyrifos and pyriproxyfen exposure, suggesting an efflux-mediated detoxification mechanism. The analysis of predicted complex structures of PxABCC3 with chlorpyrifos or pyriproxyfen identified overlapping substrate-binding pockets within the transmembrane channel. Furthermore, PxABCC3 functions as a receptor for Bt toxins Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab, as evidenced by toxin-induced ATPase activation, binding affinity, and cellular swelling in transfected cells. We further predicted the complex structure of PxABCC3-Cry1Ab, revealing that Cry1Ab binds to the extracellular side of PxABCC3 via domain II through electrostatic complementarity and hydrogen-bond networks. These findings provide novel insights into mechanistic understanding at the protein level, especially with respect to structural characteristics and substrate-binding specificity, and highlight PxABCC3 as a potential target for pest control.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The shibire^ts4 mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. shibirets4突变导致昆士兰果蝇（小实蝇）的温度敏感麻痹和致死表型。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70148

Anzu Okada, Mamoru Okamoto, Thu N M Nguyen, Elisabeth Fung, Han Nguyen, Peter Crisp, Amanda Choo, Simon W Baxter

{"title":"The shibirets4 mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni.","authors":"Anzu Okada, Mamoru Okamoto, Thu N M Nguyen, Elisabeth Fung, Han Nguyen, Peter Crisp, Amanda Choo, Simon W Baxter","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70148","url":null,"abstract":"Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is among the most damaging insect pests to the Australian horticultural industry as larvae infest ripening fruits or vegetables prior to harvest. Genetic biocontrol using Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs have been used to successfully suppress populations, via mass release of factory-reared sterile males that mate with wild females. Bi-sex flies are currently used for releases, although the efficiency of these control programs could be improved through using genetic sexing strains that eliminate females early during development, as they are not required for SIT. Here we used CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis to modify two nucleotides in the B. tryoni gene shibire, which created a proline to serine amino acid substitution and produced a temperature sensitive phenotype. Shibire is an essential GTPase required in endocytosis and synaptic vesicle recycling, and classical mutagenic screens in the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster previously identified temperature sensitive alleles including shits4 that results in adult paralysis. In B. tryoni, the shits4 mutant strain exhibited similar adult paralytic phenotypes when exposed to high temperatures, as well as temperature dependent lethality at egg, larval and pupal stages when subjected to heat treatment above standard rearing temperatures. These temperature sensitive phenotypes could be adapted to develop a SIT genetic sexing strain for conditional elimination of females prior to sterile releases, to improve efficiency and reduce costs.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

miR-6497-5p suppresses AcMNPV infection by targeting organic cation transport protein in silkworm, Bombyx mori. miR-6497-5p通过靶向家蚕有机阳离子运输蛋白抑制AcMNPV感染。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70153

Zhi-Sheng Wang, Jiang-Zhi Su, Xin-Yi Ding, Zuo-Min Shao, Sheng Qin, Xia Sun, Xue-Yang Wang, Ding-Ding Lü, Mu-Wang Li

{"title":"miR-6497-5p suppresses AcMNPV infection by targeting organic cation transport protein in silkworm, Bombyx mori.","authors":"Zhi-Sheng Wang, Jiang-Zhi Su, Xin-Yi Ding, Zuo-Min Shao, Sheng Qin, Xia Sun, Xue-Yang Wang, Ding-Ding Lü, Mu-Wang Li","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70153","url":null,"abstract":"Baculovirus is a multipurpose virus with a wide range of applications, such as protein expression, disease therapy, biocontrol, and so forth. It is of great significance to elucidate the mechanisms of their application as biopesticides, since insect resistance to viruses limits their application. Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a representative species of α-baculovirus, and the silkworm is an ideal model organism for Lepidoptera. Exploring the interactions between the two is an important reference for elucidating the mechanism. In this study, the transcriptome of the silkworm strain p50 hemolymph was examined after 36 h of AcMNPV infection, and the data obtained were assembled and annotated with messenger RNA and microRNA (miRNA), respectively. Three miRNAs related to AcMNPV infection were obtained, including miR-6497-5p, miR-6498-3p, and miR-6498-5p. Among them, miR-6497-5p was a key miRNA for AcMNPV inhibition, and its downstream target gene, organic cation transporter protein (BmOctp), was also confirmed. Furthermore, knockdown and overexpression of BmOctp revealed that it was beneficial for viral infection, and this function was found as early as 6 h after virus infection, which may be related to the early transmembrane transport of the virus. This study is the first screening of miRNAs related to AcMNPV in silkworms, and the results provide important theoretical references for elucidating the mechanism of baculovirus-host and its potential applications.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of the white-eye gene in the tephritid pest Bactrocera zonata. CRISPR/ cas9介导的带状小实蝇白眼基因突变

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70150

Albert Nazarov, Tamir Partosh, Flavia Krsticevic, Dimitris Rallis, Yael Arien, Guy Ostrovsky, Reut Madar Kramer, Eyal Halon, Alfred M Handler, Simon W Baxter, Yoav Gazit, Kostas D Mathiopoulos, Gur Pines, Philippos A Papathanos

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of the white-eye gene in the tephritid pest Bactrocera zonata.","authors":"Albert Nazarov, Tamir Partosh, Flavia Krsticevic, Dimitris Rallis, Yael Arien, Guy Ostrovsky, Reut Madar Kramer, Eyal Halon, Alfred M Handler, Simon W Baxter, Yoav Gazit, Kostas D Mathiopoulos, Gur Pines, Philippos A Papathanos","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70150","url":null,"abstract":"Bactrocera zonata is a highly invasive agricultural pest that causes extensive damage to fruit crops. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), a species-specific and environmentally friendly pest control method, significantly benefits from the availability of Genetic Sexing Strains (GSSs) that enable efficient mass production of males for sterile release. However, no GSS currently exists for B. zonata limiting SIT applications targeting this important invasive pest. Here, we report two key advancements toward GSS development in this species. First, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly from male B. zonata, identifying two scaffolds derived from the Y chromosome, which represent potential targets for future male-specific genetic engineering. Second, we demonstrate the feasibility of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in B. zonata by generating stable, homozygous white-eye mutants through targeted disruption of the conserved white-eye gene. This visible, recessive phenotype serves as a proof-of-concept for developing selectable markers in this species. Together, these results provide foundational genomic and genetic tools to support the development of GSSs in B. zonata, advancing the potential for sustainable, genetics-based pest control strategies.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does long-term captivity affect the biocontrol potential of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii? A decade of surveillance using different populations. 长期圈养对威氏钝绥螨的生物防治潜力有影响吗？对不同人群进行了十年的监控。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70124

Marziye Jahanbazi, Arash Zibaee, Yaghoub Fathipour

{"title":"Does long-term captivity affect the biocontrol potential of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii? A decade of surveillance using different populations.","authors":"Marziye Jahanbazi, Arash Zibaee, Yaghoub Fathipour","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70124","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing biological differences among predatory species populations is crucial, especially for those maintained long-term in captivity. This study compared three Amblyseius swirskii populations: Koppert-new, Koppert-old (kept for 10 years in the laboratory), and Biobest-new. Demographic traits of two populations (Koppert-old and Biobest-new) were evaluated using natural prey (Tetranychus urticae and Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and alternative diets (Carpoglyphus lactis and mixed pollen). In addition, the demographic traits and the ability of three populations of A. swirskii to consume the natural prey T. urticae was evaluated. Some morphological features, including idiosoma length, idiosoma width, fixed digit length, and movable digit length were measured for the three populations. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) for both the Koppert-old and Biobest-new populations was recorded when were fed mixed pollen. Feeding with C. lactis, T. urticae, and T. vaporariorum, in that order, resulted in the next highest values for this parameter in both populations. In the three-population comparison, the lowest r value, highest fecundity, and longest pre-adult period were recorded in the Koppert-new population. Females in this population were observed to be larger in size. This population exhibited the highest net predation rate (C0) and conversion rate (Qp). This study demonstrated that long-term laboratory rearing did not compromise the demographic performance of A. swirskii. Despite a lower predation capacity in the long-term reared population, its stable reproductive traits and efficient prey conversion suggest adaptive responses that help maintain population sustainability under controlled conditions.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular basis and regulatory network of wing development in Bombyx mori. 家蚕翅膀发育的分子基础和调控网络。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70131

Hao Chen, Qingsong Liu, Qingyou Xia, Ping Zhao

{"title":"Molecular basis and regulatory network of wing development in Bombyx mori.","authors":"Hao Chen, Qingsong Liu, Qingyou Xia, Ping Zhao","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70131","url":null,"abstract":"Wings are key organs for insect diversity and adaptation. Wing discs are the starting point for wing development in insects, and their developmental mechanisms are central to wing formation. In silkworms, which serve as a general model for studying insect wing development, wing disc development is influenced by many factors. The 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone complexes antagonistically regulate genes that affect wing disc development. The wing disc is also affected by different signaling pathway networks. Hox and Hedgehog are related to body appendage formation; Wnt and Hippo are related to cell proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis; Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription and apoptosis are related to immune and apoptotic processes, and Notch pathways and microRNAs interact in wing disc regulation. As a result of natural evolution and genetic editing, silkworms exhibit wing phenotypes, including wingless, vestigial, incomplete wing, and miniature wing, significantly expanding research materials for studying wing development. This review integrates the mechanisms of silkworm wing disc growth and development and the signal regulation network. It proposes a \"phenotype-driven pathway network reconstruction\" research strategy, which can deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism of wing development in insect metamorphosis. It supplements the wing development research of species such as fruit flies and butterflies. It proposes a new view that the domestication of wild silkworms reveals the \"morphology-function-environment\", providing theoretical support for the research of insect classification, evolution, and species diversity, and providing new strategies for preventing and controlling of agricultural and forestry pests.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asynchronous programmed cell death occurrence in the silk glands at pupation (Bombyx mori). 家蚕化蛹时丝腺的非同步程序性细胞死亡。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70154

Haoyi Gu, Jialu Cheng, Hongbin Zou, Minchang Chen, Xiaoqing Cui, Xingyu Hu, Fanchi Li, Bing Li

{"title":"Asynchronous programmed cell death occurrence in the silk glands at pupation (Bombyx mori).","authors":"Haoyi Gu, Jialu Cheng, Hongbin Zou, Minchang Chen, Xiaoqing Cui, Xingyu Hu, Fanchi Li, Bing Li","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70154","url":null,"abstract":"Silk glands are crucial for silk protein synthesis and secretion. However, the degeneration process takes place at pupation, as mediated by programmed cell death (PCD). The differences of PCD in the anterior silk gland (ASG) and middle silk gland (MSG) with different physiological functions remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of autophagy and apoptosis in the MSG and the ASG of silkworms from the mature silkworm to the 1st d of pupation (P1) based on Ca2+ homeostasis. The results showed high autophagy but low apoptosis at the early stage. After Ca2+ levels peak, calpain-mediated autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5) cleavage drove the autophagy-to-apoptosis conversion. The ASG exhibited significant apoptosis at the P1 stage (P < 0.001), showing a 24 h delay compared to MSG. The peak of Ca2+ levels coincided with the onset of significant apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that delayed inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) protein expression in ASG, resulting in delayed Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and lagging ATG5 cleavage, is responsible for the delayed onset of apoptosis in the ASG. The rescue of 20-hydroxyecdysone-induced apoptosis by IP3R inhibitors further confirmed this mechanism. The results indicate that delayed expression of IP3R in the ASG regulates Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and calpain-mediated ATG5 cleavage, leading to asynchronous PCD in different parts of the silk gland. This finding not only reveals the differences in the regulation of PCD between the secretory region (MSG) and non-secretory region (ASG) but also provides new insights into the tissue-specific degradation mechanisms in insect metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predation pressure on sentinel prey does not necessarily diminish with advancing urbanization. 哨兵猎物的捕食压力并不一定会随着城市化的推进而减少。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70151

Gábor L Lövei, Roland Horváth, Szabolcs Mizser, Mária Tóth, Tibor Magura

{"title":"Predation pressure on sentinel prey does not necessarily diminish with advancing urbanization.","authors":"Gábor L Lövei, Roland Horváth, Szabolcs Mizser, Mária Tóth, Tibor Magura","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70151","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization, one of the most significant global environmental issues of our time, causes significant environmental and structural changes in natural or seminatural habitat patches. These urbanization-related changes trigger significant impact on ecological interactions and functioning. Predation is one of the most important ecological interactions, and urbanization-related changes on predation pressure may have substantial ecological consequences. We studied predation pressure over a full season (from April to October) in rural versus urban forests using the sentinel approach in and around a large city (Debrecen) in the eastern part of the Great Hungarian Lowland. Model caterpillars made of nondrying green plasticine were readily attacked by arthropods, birds and mammals. From attack marks left by potential predators, a relatively high predation pressure was documented: up to 36% of the caterpillars exposed for 24 h showed attack marks. Seasonal differences were also obvious, with predation pressure during summer being significantly higher than in spring or autumn. This trend held for overall attack rates, also for attacks by arthropods and mammals but not birds. Surprisingly, attack rates were often higher in urban than rural habitats, contradicting the general hypothesis that predation pressure is lower in urbanized areas. As attack rates depend on both predator abundance and activity, and general data indicate lower predator abundances in urban habitats, this phenomenon may have been caused by hungrier predators in urban forest fragments or by the predator relaxation/safe habitat hypothesis that argues that a reduced need for vigilance allows more time to search for prey.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0