Insect Science最新文献

Wnt6 and Wnt10 regulate spot marking formation in Bombyx mori larvae. Wnt6和Wnt10调控家蚕幼虫斑点标记的形成。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70140

Xin Ding, Lu Zheng, Junxia Liu, Kun Chen, Minjin Han, Hai Hu, Yuxia Tang, Xiaoling Tong, Fangyin Dai

{"title":"Wnt6 and Wnt10 regulate spot marking formation in Bombyx mori larvae.","authors":"Xin Ding, Lu Zheng, Junxia Liu, Kun Chen, Minjin Han, Hai Hu, Yuxia Tang, Xiaoling Tong, Fangyin Dai","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70140","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pigmentation patterns are critical for ecological adaptation and serve as an excellent model for studying the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity. The Wnt family is a conserved group of genes that play crucial roles in various biological processes across species. While Wnt1 and WntA have been extensively characterized for their roles in insect coloration, particularly in Drosophila and butterflies, the functions of other Wnt family members, such as Wnt6 and Wnt10, remain poorly understood. These genes originated from a common ancestor with Wnt1 and are arranged in tandem with it in the genome. In this study, we investigated the roles of Wnt6 and Wnt10 in spot formation in silkworm larvae using 3 spot-marking mutants with similar phenotypes. Through gene expression analysis, RNA interference, and overexpression studies, we discovered that Wnt1, Wnt6, and Wnt10 each regulate spot formation via the Armadillo-dependent canonical Wnt pathway. This highlights their distinct and nonredundant functional attributes despite their common origin and genomic arrangement. Additionally, we identified a uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UDP-glycosyltransferase) gene contributes to caterpillar pigmentation related to the canonical Wnt pathway. Our findings underscore the complexity and conservation of the Wnt signaling pathway in insect coloration.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

R-loop modulates odor-guided behavior in migratory locusts. R-loop调节迁徙蝗虫的气味引导行为。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70134

Jipeng Liu, Lihan Zhao, Jiaqi Yu, Jing Qu, Zongyuan Ma

{"title":"R-loop modulates odor-guided behavior in migratory locusts.","authors":"Jipeng Liu, Lihan Zhao, Jiaqi Yu, Jing Qu, Zongyuan Ma","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70134","url":null,"abstract":"In neurodegenerative disorders, excessive R-loops affect DNA replication, transcription and genome stability. Olfaction impairment is an early indicator of these diseases. However, the function of R-loops in olfactory modulation is less well known. Migratory locusts show olfactory response to locust and plant odorants. Therefore, we chose this insect as a model to study the functions of R-loops in modulating olfaction in the central nervous system. The R-loop exists in the antenna and brain of this insect, and RNase H1 (RNH1), an enzyme that resolves the R-loop structure, is also expressed in these 2 tissues. Immunofluorescence analysis identifies the existence of R-loops in the brain, especially in mushroom bodies and antennal lobes, and RNH1 is also expressed in these 2 brain regions. RNH1 RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown does not affect the locomotion and body color of this insect, but results in the loss of olfactory responses to their own volatiles and plant odorants. Moreover, RNH1 deficiency results in increased R-loop levels in the protocerebrum and antennal lobes of the brain. RNH1 RNAi knockdown results in DNA damage and decreases nascent RNA synthesis in locust brains. This study reports that the increase in R-loop levels resulting from RNH1 knockdown may induce the loss of olfactory response of this insect to conspecific and plant odorants. This study is the first to show that excessive R-loops and RNH1 in the brain are involved in olfactory behavioral regulation. The identification of RNH1-mediated R-loop resolution will provide new insights into the functions of R-loops in modulating olfaction.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional differentiation of ecdysis triggering hormone receptor variants in development and reproduction of Tribolium castaneum. 激发素触发激素受体变异在木犀草发育和繁殖中的功能分化。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70138

Huiling Zhou, Wenjing Zhang, Jia Xu, Shuyan Feng, Peng Chen, Chengjun Li, Bin Li

{"title":"Functional differentiation of ecdysis triggering hormone receptor variants in development and reproduction of Tribolium castaneum.","authors":"Huiling Zhou, Wenjing Zhang, Jia Xu, Shuyan Feng, Peng Chen, Chengjun Li, Bin Li","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70138","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the functional differentiation of hormone receptor variants is crucial for unraveling the complexity of endocrine regulatory networks and developing targeted pest management strategies. By integrating genetic manipulation with phenotypic analysis, we provided multiple lines of evidence for the distinct roles of ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH) receptor splice variants in the development and reproduction of Tribolium castaneum. The study revealed that the TcETH receptor gene was alternatively spliced into 2 variants, TcETHRA and TcETHRB, both of which were highly expressed in early and late pupae, early adults, and the central nervous system. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone enhanced the expression of TcETH and its receptors via its nuclear receptor TcEcR. Functional validation experiments demonstrated that TcETHRA was the primary functional receptor. Both TcETH and TcETHRA promoted the shedding of the old cuticle, which was essential for successful molting, pupation, and eclosion. In addition, TcETH and TcETHRA specifically regulated female reproduction by influencing the expression of juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (TcJHAMT3) and vitellogenin-related genes (TcVg1, TcVg2, and TcVgR). In contrast, knockdown of TcETHRB had no significant impact on development but significantly reduced female embryo hatchability. These findings clarify the functional divergence of receptor splice variants in insect development and reproduction, providing new insights into the plasticity of arthropod endocrine networks and potential targets for pest control strategies.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban landscapes tend to increase the presence of pathogenic protozoa, microsporidia and viruses, but likely decrease the abundance of viruses in wild bees and wasps. 城市景观往往会增加致病性原生动物、微孢子虫和病毒的存在，但可能会减少野生蜜蜂和黄蜂中病毒的丰度。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70137

Andrea Ferrari, Giovanni Cilia, Carlo Polidori

{"title":"Urban landscapes tend to increase the presence of pathogenic protozoa, microsporidia and viruses, but likely decrease the abundance of viruses in wild bees and wasps.","authors":"Andrea Ferrari, Giovanni Cilia, Carlo Polidori","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70137","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogens are shared between wild bees and wasps but little is known about how urbanization affects their occurrence. Here, the role of temperature and fragmentation of green areas, both associated with urbanization, in modulating pathogen loads was investigated. Twelve pathogens were investigated in the bees Anthophora plumipes Pallas, 1772, Halictus scabiosae (Rossi, 1790), Osmia cornuta (Latreille, 1805), and the wasp Polistes dominula (Christ, 1791) sampled across an urbanization gradient in a metropolitan area of northern Italy. Overall, the relative presence/abundance of the pathogens were found to be species specific, as were the responses to urbanization. Anthophora plumipes and O. cornuta had a higher occurrence probability of the neogregarine protozoan Apicystis bombi in more fragmented urban areas. In the same bee species, both temperature and the fragmentation of green areas reduced the number of copies of the deformed wing virus (DWV). In H. scabiosae and P. dominula, higher temperature increased respectively the likelihood of occurrence of DWV and chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV). In addition, the viruses were found to be replicative in all samples tested. The results show a consistent presence of pathogens in the four target species, and that urbanization plays a role in modulating the pathogen load. Although transmission pathways could not be considered here, it may be suggested that appropriate management of urban areas may buffer wild insects from potentially harmful pathogens. Whether the presence of such pathogens also results in symptomatic phenotypes remains to be determined in laboratory experiments.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An efficient and convenient method for collecting mosquito salivary proteins with high bioactivity and mosquito salivary viruses with high infectivity. 一种高效、简便的蚊虫唾液高生物活性蛋白和蚊虫唾液高传染性病毒的采集方法。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70136

Zhaoyang Wang, Yan Liang, Dairan Li, Gang Wang, Yibin Zhu, Gong Cheng

{"title":"An efficient and convenient method for collecting mosquito salivary proteins with high bioactivity and mosquito salivary viruses with high infectivity.","authors":"Zhaoyang Wang, Yan Liang, Dairan Li, Gang Wang, Yibin Zhu, Gong Cheng","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70136","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquito salivary proteins (MSPs) play vital roles in facilitating mosquito feeding and mediating mosquito-host interactions. The current standard method for collecting MSPs and mosquito salivary viruses (MSVs) is the forced salivation (FS) method, which is laborious and time-consuming, and yields MSPs with altered composition and reduced bioactivity and MSVs with weakened infectivity, compared to those secreted under physiological conditions. To address these shortcomings, we developed a collecting-by-natural-feeding (CNF) method which empowers convenient and time-saving collection of MSPs and MSVs under physiological conditions. Compared to the FS method, the CNF method enables collection of relatively large quantities of MSPs in a short period of time without any harm to the mosquitoes, allowing for dynamic collection from the same individuals. More importantly, the MSPs and the MSVs collected by the CNF method exhibited a drastically higher bioactivity or infectivity than those collected by the FS method. The CNF method requires no specialized materials or instruments, thus enhancing its general applicability. Collecting sufficient quantities of MSPs with high bioactivity and MSVs with high infectivity has long been a significant challenge. Our novel CNF method may overcome this obstacle, making it highly useful for research on MSPs and vector biology.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum.

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70135

引用次数: 0

Identification and behavioral bioassays of alarm pheromones from the onion aphid Neotoxoptera formosana. 台湾新弓形虫报警信息素的鉴定及行为生物学分析。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70130

Yi-Wen Huang, Dong-Hai Xie, Guo-Dong Zhang, Jian-Feng Liu, Zheng-Xi Li, Yao-Guo Qin

{"title":"Identification and behavioral bioassays of alarm pheromones from the onion aphid Neotoxoptera formosana.","authors":"Yi-Wen Huang, Dong-Hai Xie, Guo-Dong Zhang, Jian-Feng Liu, Zheng-Xi Li, Yao-Guo Qin","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70130","url":null,"abstract":"Secreted from aphid cornicles, alarm pheromone is an important part of integrated pest management (IPM). As a destructive pest of economic crops, the onion aphid Neotoxoptera formosana threatens the production and quality of allium crops worldwide. However, the limited understanding of the alarm pheromone has hindered their control through IPM strategies. This work identified the alarm pheromone component from N. formosana and investigated their behavioral activities. The results indicated that 7 major components, α-thujene, sabinene, (+)-limonene, (E)-β-farnesene (EβF), cis-β-farnesene, cis-α-bergamotene, and α-farnesene were identified in the aphid. Among them, EβF and (+)-limonene were also detected in the cornicle of adult with a ratio of 67.8: 1. Quantitative results of the 2 terpenes through developmental stages indicated that amounts of the sesquiterpene EβF increased initially, then decreased from the third instar, and peaked in the adult stage, while the monoterpene (+)-limonene increased progressively with increasing stage. Behavioral bioassays revealed that both compounds exhibited repellent effects at all tested concentrations, with EβF generally displaying significantly higher repellency than (+)-limonene. Notably, the blend of EβF and (+)-limonene at the natural ratio (67.8: 1) showed the highest repellent activity. Pot experiments further confirmed the blend's optimal efficacy against aphids. This work indicated that EβF is the main effective component of the alarm pheromone from N. formosana, but the blend plays a critical role in the repellent behavior. This study enriches understanding of the chemical communication of N. formosana and lays the foundation for the development of green control methods against this aphid.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcription factor Nlci is essential for wing dimorphism in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. 转录因子Nlci在褐飞虱翅膀二态性中起重要作用。

IF 3 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70127

Dong Wen, He Jiang, Zhuangzhuang Qiao, Zewei Lu, Muhua Zhao, Miaomiao Tian, Shaoqin Li, Hongxia Hua

{"title":"Transcription factor Nlci is essential for wing dimorphism in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens.","authors":"Dong Wen, He Jiang, Zhuangzhuang Qiao, Zewei Lu, Muhua Zhao, Miaomiao Tian, Shaoqin Li, Hongxia Hua","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70127","url":null,"abstract":"The brown planthopper (BPH) alternatively develops into either macropterous or brachypterous morphs in response to environmental stimuli, enhancing its fitness and dispersal. Despite several key upstream regulator genes involved in wing morphs switching having been identified, the downstream pathways governing wing plasticity remain unclear. Here, we harvested the 4th instar nymphal wing buds from macropterous strain (MS) and brachypterous strain (BS) for transcriptome sequencing. Individually, 3 025 and 3 273 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in forewing and hindwing buds, respectively, between 2 strains. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in various categories related to signal transduction and metabolism. Among these, the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway was implicated in environmental information processing and wing development regulating. Knocking down the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Nlci) of the Hh pathway significantly reduced the wing size and resulted in malformed wings of both strain adults. Additionally, the expression levels of downstream genes (Nlptc, Nlen, and Nldpp) were inhibited to varying degrees. Furthermore, the expression levels of Nlci and its downstream genes were decreased when injected with double-stranded (ds)NlInR1, but increased in dsNlInR2 treatment. Silencing of Nlci partially antagonized the acceleration effect of dsNlInR2 treatment on wing development, leading to an intermediate wing morph. Our findings expand the regulatory role of the Hh pathway in the wing dimorphism of BPH, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying wing development.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of hypomethylation on immune system of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). 低甲基化对黄颡鱼蛾免疫系统的影响。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70123

Fevzi Uçkan, Rabia Schaeffer, Zülbiye Demirtürk, Ekrem Ergin, Ali Sazci

{"title":"Effects of hypomethylation on immune system of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).","authors":"Fevzi Uçkan, Rabia Schaeffer, Zülbiye Demirtürk, Ekrem Ergin, Ali Sazci","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70123","url":null,"abstract":"Galleria mellonella is becoming increasingly used as a model organism for studying human pathogen infection disease. Therefore, all factors affecting the level of immune response of G. mellonella should be evaluated. One of these factors is DNA methylation, among the most important epigenetic modifications. Firstly, we investigated the presence of CpG dinucleotides and their methylation status of eggs, last instars, pupae, and adults using HpaII, MspI, and ScrFI methylation-sensitive restriction endonucleases. The gel analysis of the restriction pattern of HpaII, MspI, ScrFI, and MspI+ScrFI on G. mellonella genomic DNA showed that all enzymes produced a wide range of smears. The digestion of DNA samples of egg, pupa, and adult resulted in a smear at higher molecular weight for MspI+ScrFI, and these differences were statistically significant. These results confirm the presence of CpG dinucleotides and methylation at the internal and outer cytosines in different developmental stages of G. mellonella. Presence of global DNA methylation, which was by 3%-5% was investigated in various developmental stages of G. mellonella. Then, different levels of DNA methylation in the last instars of G. mellonella were created with the hypomethylation agent, zebularine (0.25-32 mg/mL), and immunity responses were examined. The most effective doses of zebularine, to create a global hypomethylation status in G. mellonella larvae, were 0.25 and 1 mg/mL. The humoral/cellular immune response of G. mellonella larvae became weak at high hypomethylation. These results present the level of DNA methylation during all developmental stages of G. mellonella and how zebularine treatment affects physiological processes.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maltase 1 regulates DENV2 infection and life history in Aedes aegypti. 马耳他酶1调控埃及伊蚊DENV2感染和生活史。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70122

Man-Jin Li, Jin Cheng, Ya-Ming Zou, Quan-Chao Liu, Ding Zhu, Ce-Jie Lan

引用次数: 0