Sustainable Technology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Tous les Memes - Vredo, octrooien, equivalentie en verleningsdossier (Tous Les Memes – Vredo, Patents, Equivalence and File Wrapper Estoppel)","authors":"A. Tsoutsanis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3481214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3481214","url":null,"abstract":"Dutch Abstract: Dit is een kort commentaar op een veelbesproken beslissing in een langlopend octrooigeschil. Het artikel gaat in op feiten, equivalentie en de rol van het verleningsdossier in octrooigeschillen, en gaat ook in op algemene zorgen rondom de aanvaardbaarheid van rechterlijke beslissingen en het niveau van harmonisatie in Europa. Het commentaar is geschreven naar aanleiding van het artikel van Kleemans / Drok, dat recent verscheen in BIE 2019/5, p. 279-284. Het te downloaden artikel is in het Nederlands geschreven. Het artikel is verschenen als on-line publicatie op het Nederlands Juristen Blad (NJB) Blog. English Abstract: This is a short case-comment on a much-publicized decision in a long-running patent dispute. The article touches on facts, equivalence and file-wrapper estoppel in patent disputes, while also addressing general concerns on the acceptance of judicial decisions and the level of harmonization in Europe. The comment is in response to the article of Kleemans / Drok, which recently appeared in BIE 2019/5, p. 279-284. The article for download is in Dutch. The article was accepted for on-line publication on the Nederlands Juristen Blad (NJB) Blog.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133981219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust and Corporate Innovation","authors":"Yijun Meng, Xun Wang, Guoguo Zhang, Shilin Zheng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3474170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3474170","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the relation between the level of societal trust and corporate innovation in the worldwide. Using data on firms located in 72 countries or regions from1992 to 2016, we quantify the country trust level and find strong evidence that firms in countries with a higher level of societal trust have higher R&D investment input. We also find that the impact of societal trust on firms’ innovation behavior is more pronounced in the firms with a higher level of financial constraints and in the countries with a poor intellectual property rights protection. Overall, our results highlight the effect of societal trust in shaping enterprise innovation behavior.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131222327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Technology Adoption Save Regulatory Compliance Costs?","authors":"J. T. Leverty, Junhao Liu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3517945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3517945","url":null,"abstract":"We study whether digital technology streamlines the regulatory process and reduces the costs of complying with regulation. To identify the effect of digital technology on regulatory compliance costs, we leverage a quasi-experimental policy change which mandates the use of an internet-based flow management tool that enables insurers and regulators to exchange policy form and rate filing information. We find that digitization lowers the costs of complying with regulation. The average insurer per line of business and year in the highest quartile regarding the proportion of business under the mandate saves 5.4 percent of general expenses. Our results also suggest a fixed cost of adopting the technology, with larger cost-saving accruing to firms that adopt the new technology more widely.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"49 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125929629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Circular Economy at a Crossroad: Technocratic Eco-Modernism or Convivial Technology for Social Revolution?","authors":"A. Genovese, Mario Pansera","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3459180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3459180","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the concept of ‘Circular Economy’ (CE) has gained prominence in the political and corporate discourse around the world. According to its proponents, CE represents a new paradigm that will push the frontiers of environmental sustainability by transforming the relationships between ecological systems and economic activities. In this paper we discuss how this idea is problematic for a number of physical, economic and political reasons, claiming that the biggest shortcoming of the CE discourse is represented by its apolitical framing. We call for opening up a debate to deconstruct the increasingly hegemonic discourse of CE based on a technocratic approach and reconstruct it by embedding normative and political dimensions. Finally, we propose a countervailing discourse of CE based on the idea of convivial technology.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130536014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Environmental Parameters Monitoring System","authors":"Davor Ćorić","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3492255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3492255","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the RTEPMS (Real-Time Environmental Parameters Monitoring System) project is to design and implement a general-purpose environmental parameter monitoring system. The main focus is on measuring water quality parameters is several use cases. To achieve this goal, monitoring will be based on widely available, relatively cheap Internet of Things (IoT) based hardware. One of the most important use cases, drinking water quality monitoring, is piloted in cooperation with Regional Waterworks for the Montenegrin Cost (RWMC). RWMC is the largest drinking water supply company in Montenegro. Using the 135 km of pipelines it delivers drinking water of the highest quality to the Montenegrin coast. Beside drinking water monitoring use case, other use cases will be implemented and executed, such as water quality monitoring for fish farming as well as the pool (swimming) water quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133972935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Sustainable Housing Industry through Blockchain Technology","authors":"Geraj Vinoth Wilfer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3497559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3497559","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on evaluating the usage of blockchain technology for introduction of life-cycle approach to construction resources which would ensure sustainable development through deployment of advanced technology in the housing market. It aims at justifying the adoption of blockchain technology for assuring sustainable resources to guarantee legitimacy of the green building industry. The conclusion deals with whether or not introduction of blockchain technology in green building regulations is a viable regulatory mean to ensure a sustainable housing industry without technological disparities.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125954740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Framework for Safeguarding Artificial Intelligence Systems Within Healthcare Domain","authors":"Avishek Choudhury","doi":"10.12968/BJHC.2019.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/BJHC.2019.0066","url":null,"abstract":"In healthcare, research on artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly dedicated to applying predictive analytic techniques to make clinical predictions. Even though artificial intelligence has shown promising results in cancer image recognition, triage service automation, and in disease prognosis, its clinical value has not been addressed. Currently, there is a lack of understanding around how some of these algorithms work. Despite knowing the potential risks associated with using artificial intelligence in healthcare, there is no clear framework to evaluate predictive algorithms, which are being commercially implemented within the healthcare industry. To ensure patient safety, regulatory authorities should ensure that proposed algorithms meet the accepted standards of clinical benefit, just as they do for therapeutics and predictive biomarkers. In this article, we offer a framework for the evaluation of predictive algorithms. Although not exhaustive, these criteria can enhance the quality of predictive algorithms and ensure that the algorithms effectively improve clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130683400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Forgotten Agriculture-Nutrition Link: Estimating the Energy Requirements of Different Farming Technologies in Rural Zambia With Time-Use Data","authors":"T. Daum, F. Capezzone, R. Birner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3435998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3435998","url":null,"abstract":"In the quest to reduce global under- and malnutrition, which is particularly high among smallholder farmers, agriculture-nutrition linkages have received a lot of attention in recent years. Researchers have analysed the link between the quantity of food that farmers produce and nutritional outcomes and the link between farm diversity and consumption diversity. A third agriculture-nutrition link has been largely neglected in recent years: the impact of how food is produced on human energy requirements, and, consequently, nutritional outcomes. This neglect persists despite the fact that the majority of smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa rely on hand tools for farming, which implies heavy physical work and, thus, high energy requirements. To address this research gap, the present study compares the energy requirements of farm households in rural Zambia that are characterized by three different levels of mechanization: hand tools, animal draught power and tractors. Detailed time-use as well as food and nutrition data was collected from male and female adults and from children during different seasons: land preparation, weeding and harvesting/processing. Subjects recorded time-use themselves using an innovative picture-based smartphone app called “Timetracker”. The time-use data served to calculate daily energy requirements using “Ainsworth’s Compendium of Physical Activities”. To analyse the link between mechanization and energy use as well as nutritional outcomes, linear mixed models and multiple linear regressions were used. The results show that during land preparation, individuals in non-mechanized households are, on the average, not able to meet their dietary energy requirements. In subsequent farming periods, results are more mixed. Gender differences are noteworthy throughout, with men mostly having higher physical activity levels and energy requirements compared to women The findings suggest that farm technologies affect nutritional outcomes substantially and that this neglected agriculture-nutrition linkage deserves more scientific and political attention in order to reduce the prevalence of both under- and malnutrition among smallholder farmers, while safeguarding against emerging double burden of nutrition.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129880873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commanding Nature by Obeying Her: A Review Essay on Joel Mokyr's a Culture of Growth","authors":"Enrico Spolaore","doi":"10.1257/JEL.20191460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/JEL.20191460","url":null,"abstract":"Why is modern society capable of cumulative innovation? In A Culture of Growth: The Origins of the Modern Economy, Joel Mokyr persuasively argues that sustained technological progress stemmed from a change in cultural beliefs. The change occurred gradually during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and was fostered by an intellectual elite that formed a transnational community and adopted new attitudes toward the creation and diffusion of knowledge, setting the foundation for the ethos of modern science. The book is a significant contribution to the growing literature that links culture and economics. This review discusses Mokyr’s historical analysis in relation to the following questions: What is culture and how should we use it in economics? How can culture explain modern economic growth? Will the culture of growth that caused modern prosperity persist in the future? (JEL N00, N13, N33, O30, O52, Z10)","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132785358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized ANN Model for Ultrasonication Wastewater Treatment Process","authors":"Mallikarjun. S. Huggi, S. Mise","doi":"10.34218/IJARET.10.3.2019.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/IJARET.10.3.2019.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, ANN model has been used to optimize the input factors in the ultrasonication process. The required parameters for the ultrasonication process to achieve the maximum percentage of solids reduction are derived using the optimization methods. Experiments are conducted to verify the optimum parameters achieved. Eight samples of untreated water have been subjected to five treatment methods. The treatment methods like STP, RZT, TWP, Ultrasonication and Optimized ultrasonication treatment methods are used to treat the water and the values of parameters like pH, TSS, TDS, COD and BOD are measured for all the five methods. The improvement in each method is analyzed. It has been determined that Optimized ultrasonication treatment method yielded the best performance over all other four methods.","PeriodicalId":136014,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology eJournal","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127545802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}