Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

{"title":"Application of pretreatment methods and life cycle assessment in the production of wood vinegar substitutes via hydrothermal oxidation of cotton stalks","authors":"Hui Ming ,&nbsp;Zihao Yuan ,&nbsp;Xinrui Li ,&nbsp;Mei Wu ,&nbsp;Libo Zhang ,&nbsp;Haoxin Jiang ,&nbsp;Xudong Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziyue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the efficient utilization of agricultural and forestry waste and support carbon neutrality, this study examines the production of wood vinegar substitutes (WVS) via hydrothermal oxidation, emphasizing the effects of reaction conditions and pretreatment methods on product properties. The optimal conditions were identified as a reaction temperature of 180 °C, a reaction time of 90 min, and 5 mL of oxidant (0.075 wt%), with the oxidant playing a crucial role in lowering the product’s pH. Among the pretreatment methods, hydrochloric acid (HCl) was the most effective, increasing the proportion of amorphous cellulose in cotton stalks, thereby promoting acidic product formation and improving product acidity and yield compared to previous studies. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is applied to systematically quantify the environmental impacts of the whole preparation process including pretreatment, which consequently provides empirical evidence for process optimization strategies. The analysis revealed that liquid nitrogen use was the main environmental burden. A −80 °C freezer is proposed to replace the liquid nitrogen use, which results in 98.74 % decrease of the generated carbon dioxide equivalent (35.95 kg to 0.454 kg CO₂ eq). according to the LCA analysis result, recycling hydrochloric acid can significantly minimize resource consumption. three recycling cycles experiment indicates that the utilization rate of HCl increases by 142 %. This study fills the research gap regarding the impact of pretreatment processes on the preparation of WVS from cotton stalks via hydrothermal oxidation. Meanwhile, it provides new ideas for developing low-energy, low-carbon, and sustainable processes through LCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121238"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional assessment of different Lonicera floral buds: Integrating morphological characterization with HS–SPME/GC–MS and UPLC–MS/MS metabolic profiling","authors":"Juanjuan Yu ,&nbsp;Linrong Wang ,&nbsp;Tianhui Liu ,&nbsp;Yungang Wang ,&nbsp;Jianjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Lonicera</em> (Caprifoliaceae) comprises approximately 200 species worldwide. The dried flower buds of certain <em>Lonicera</em> species are traditionally used in Chinese medicine for their antipyretic, detoxifying, and wind-heat-dispersing properties. This study systematically evaluated 26 phenotypic traits, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and non-volatile metabolites in 11 <em>Lonicera</em> accessions (including seven Lonicerae Japonicae Flos [LJF], three Lonicerae Flos [LF], and one Lonicerae Similis Flos [LSF]). Significant phenotypic variation was observed among accessions, with Shannon-Wiener indices ranging from 0.33 to 1.53 for 20 qualitative traits and coefficients of variation ranging from 9.43 % to 25.82 % for six quantitative traits. HS–SPME/GC–MS analysis identified 817 VOCs, with hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) grouping the 11 accessions into three clusters exhibiting 390 significantly differentially accumulated VOCs. LF and LSF accessions showed significantly higher VOC emissions than LJF. UPLC–MS/MS detected 7720 metabolites, with HCA revealing 2922 significantly differentially accumulated metabolites among the three clusters. Most non-volatile metabolites were significantly more abundant in LJF than in LSF and LF. Compound-based HCA classification largely corresponded with taxonomic relationships. Pearson correlation analysis identified significant associations between 6 phenotypic traits and 27 VOCs, and between 13 phenotypic traits and 66 non-volatile compounds, suggesting these traits may serve as potential markers for metabolite content prediction. These findings provide a foundation for comprehensive utilization and genetic improvement of <em>Lonicera</em> resources, while offering valuable guidance for raw material selection in <em>Lonicera</em> product processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121243"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical and reproductive capacity of the Bulgarian endemic species Achillea thracica Velen","authors":"Ivanka B. Semerdjieva ,&nbsp;Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova ,&nbsp;Charles L. Cantrell ,&nbsp;Miroslava Kačániová ,&nbsp;Valtcho D. Zheljazkov","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Achillea thracica</em> Velen. Sec. Achillea s.l. [=Sect. <em>Filipendulinae</em> (DC.) Afan.] is a Bulgarian endemic species found in a single population within the country. Endemic species like <em>A. thracica</em> are often under-studied, yet they hold significant potential for the discovery of novel compounds. The goal of this study was to assess the reproductive capacity of <em>A. thracica</em> (pollen and seeds viability) and its reproductive structures, and to characterize the chemical profile and the antimicrobial activity of its essential oil (EO). The male and female generative spheres show that <em>A. thracica</em> reproduces via sexual reproduction. Furthermore, the normal progression of processes leading to pollen and seed formation is essential for fully realizing reproductive capacity. Despite the high fertility observed in the pollen of the target species, seed viability was found to be very low. Further, the female gametophyte of <em>A. thracica</em> is highly influenced by environmental conditions, which directly affect the quality of the seeds produced. Moreover, the lack of alternative reproductive mechanisms, such as apomixis, limits the plasticity of <em>A. thracica</em> populations, reducing their adaptability to environmental changes. Overall, the composition of <em>A. thracica</em> EO was notably different from that of other <em>Achillea</em> species within Sec. <em>Filipendulinae</em>. Santolina and yomogi alcohols and <em>β</em>-eudesmol were the most abundant compounds found in the EO. The strongest antimicrobial activities of <em>A. thracica</em> EO in our study were found against <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> followed by <em>Yersinia enterocolitica</em> and <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em>. With its vigorous growth, unique essential oil (EO) composition, and strong antimicrobial activity, <em>A. thracica</em> demonstrates significant potential for cultivation and development as a high-value crop. Additionally, <em>A. thracica</em> EO can serve as a promising natural source of <em>β</em>-eudesmol, creating opportunities for diverse commercial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofertilizer outcompete chemical fertilizer in enhancing carbon sequestration in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau) forests","authors":"Xuekun Cheng ,&nbsp;Guangyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yufeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Chunyu Pan ,&nbsp;Zhikang Wang ,&nbsp;Guomo Zhou ,&nbsp;Yongjun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofertilizers present an efficient alternative to chemical fertilizers, yet how they, together with native microbiome, affect carbon (C) sequestration and bamboo product yield in forest ecosystems remain unclear. This study investigated the differential impacts of chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer on C sequestration of Moso bamboo (<em>Phyllostachys edulis</em> (Carriere) J. Houzeau) ecosystem scale by examining vegetation C storage, soil organic C (SOC) pool, soil microbial community, and greenhouse gas emissions. The results revealed that both fertilizers increased vegetation C storage and SOC pool in the top soil (0–40 cm), with biofertilizer showing more pronounced effects than chemical fertilizer. Particularly, biofertilizer significantly increased the fungal-to-bacterial residue carbon ratio, indicating a shift toward fungal dominance rather than a sole increase in fungal residue carbon (FRC). While chemical fertilizer increased soil CO₂ and N₂O emissions, biofertilizer significantly reduced N₂O emissions and enhanced Moso bamboo forest C sequestration capacity compared to the control. Native microbiome responses to fertilizations showed that biofertilizer primarily influenced the taxonomic structure of the fungal community, while inducing notable functional changes within the bacterial community. These findings suggest that biofertilizers are more effective than chemical fertilizers in optimizing bamboo forest management and enhancing C sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121244"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous calcium alleviates heat stress in carnation via integrated physiological, anatomical and multi-omics modulations","authors":"Xiaojing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Jing ,&nbsp;Ziyi Liu ,&nbsp;Jinxin Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanhua Li ,&nbsp;Xueli Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium (Ca^2 +) is crucial for plant growth and helps regulate response to environmental stress. Heat stress (HS) adversely affects carnation (<em>Dianthus caryophyllus</em> L.), prompting this study to explore the potential of Ca²⁺ to alleviate HS. Initially, carnation seedlings were sprayed with varying concentrations of CaCl₂, with 15 mM proving to be the most effective treatment for promoting growth and physiological resilience to HS. Further analysis demonstrated that prolonged HS worsened seedlings damage, while Ca²⁺ ameliorated this damage. Under 12 d HS, carnation exhibited 48.35 %, 32.67 %, and 6.59 % reductions in aerial part fresh weight, dry weight, and relative water content, respectively. Notably, Ca²⁺ pretreatment restored these parameters by 23.96 %, 4.01 %, and 5.88 %. Ca²⁺ promoted stomatal opening and preserved chloroplast ultrastructure. HS caused reductions in stomatal length, width, aperture, and area by 33.36 %, 52.11 %, 28.29 %, and 37.53 %, respectively. In contrast, Ca²⁺ pretreatment improved these parameters by 33.41 %, 56.60 %, 17.55 %, and 40.88 % compared to the HS group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed Ca²⁺-mediated upregulation of photosynthesis-related pathways, including PSII proteins (Psb) and light-harvesting chlorophyll protein complex (LHC) assembly. Integrated multi-omics indicated Ca²⁺ activated MAPK signaling (via genes like <em>MPK3, MKK9</em> and <em>WRKY33</em>), coordinated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (e.g., PAL and CHS enzymes), and flavonoid metabolism (e.g., naringenin and hesperetin accumulation). Additionally, Ca²⁺ modulated hormone signaling crosstalk (ABA, JA, SA) to establish a multi-layered thermotolerance network. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights for using exogenous Ca²⁺ to alleviate heat damage in carnation and offers technical support for energy-efficient production of this flower.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121241"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic and metabolomic profiling of rhizosphere microbiome adaptation to irrigation gradients in Camellia oil trees","authors":"Kaizheng Lu ,&nbsp;Chan Chen ,&nbsp;Junqin Zhou ,&nbsp;Jun Yuan ,&nbsp;Mengqi Lu ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Qiu ,&nbsp;Zhun Xiao ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The industrial cultivation of Camellia oil tree, a key woody oil species, has faced substantial challenges due to escalating extreme weather events in recent years. To investigate rhizosphere adaptations to irrigation regimes, three-year-old saplings were subjected to four evapotranspiration (ET)-based treatments: 50 % ET (I50), 75 % ET (I75), 100 % ET (I100), and natural rainfall (Control). Soil available nutrients (dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus) and enzyme activities (urease, phytase, acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase) were significantly lower under I100 than under I50. Metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed rhizosphere responses to these treatments. Shannon diversity index at phylum and genus levels were significantly higher in I50 and I75 than in I100. Relative abundances of Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota increased in I50 and I75 but decreased in I100. Reduced irrigation elevated soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling gene abundance. Differentially abundant metabolites were predominantly enriched in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Integrated analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between L-glutamate e and N/P cycling genes, alongside significant negative correlations with soil and leaf water content. In summary, under irrigation deficit, Camellia oil tree roots exhibited increased L-glutamate levels alongside enriched Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, Chloroflexota, and Planctomycetota, collectively enhancing soil N and P cycling. These findings advance irrigation strategy optimization for drought resilience and deepen understanding of plant-environment interactions in perennial crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflorescence development of Zoysia and its corresponding relationships with phenotypic characteristics","authors":"Zeyu Shen,&nbsp;Mengjiao Liu,&nbsp;Weiyi Kong,&nbsp;Shutong Li,&nbsp;Daojin Sun,&nbsp;Dongli Hao,&nbsp;Jingbo Chen,&nbsp;Jianxiu Liu,&nbsp;Hailin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most zoysiagrass varieties in China are commercially propagated through vegetative organs, such as stolons and underground stems. Native varieties that can be propagated by seed are scarce. The development of inflorescences in grasses represents a critical transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. The process of inflorescence development of <em>Zoysia</em> is closely related to the reproductive characteristics including the inflorescence density, the number of grains per spike, seed setting rate and the thousand-grain-weight and affects the final seed yield and quality. However, the inflorescence development of <em>Zoysia</em> has not yet been thoroughly characterized. In this study, we systematically observed the inflorescence development of zoysiagrass and divided it into eight landmark stages: vegetative formation period, growth cone elongation period, bract primordia formation period, spikelet primordia formation period, glume protuberance formation period, gynoecium and stamen formation period, anther separation and pistil stigma bifurcation period and flowering period. Unlike most grasses, the growth cone of zoysiagrass did not rapidly elongate before differentiating during the bract primordia formation stage; instead, it elongated and differentiated simultaneously. We identified a leaf stage during which the height of the new pulvinus of vertical stems is either parallel to or lower than that of the preceding pulvinus, marking the transitional phase from vegetative to reproductive growth. Growth cones formed in this leaf stage. No growth cone was found in the vertical stem of <em>Zoysia</em> without this phenotype after dissection. This phenotype can serve as an indicative marker for the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in zoysiagrass. Implementing appropriate cultivation and management practices at this stage can enhance reproductive traits and ultimately improve seed yield and quality. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the establishment of high-yield cultivation technology systems for zoysiagrass and the breeding of new high-yield and high-quality seed varieties in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal positive roles of root border cells in salinity resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)","authors":"Jingxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Ao Pan ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Shengli Wang ,&nbsp;Zhangqiang Song ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Juan Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhaohai Du ,&nbsp;Xuehan Huo ,&nbsp;Furong Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root border cells (RBCs) play important roles in plant stress tolerance. However, their roles and underlying mechanisms in salinity stress responses remain largely unknown. To elucidate the salinity-induced metabolic adaptations and transcriptional responses of RBCs in cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L.), we performed a comparative analysis of the metabolomes and transcriptomes of RBCs and adjacent naked root tips (NRTs, RBCs removed) under salinity stress. A total of 150 and 195 differentially accumulated metabolites, along with 10,593 and 7270 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in RBCs and NRTs, respectively. RBCs exhibited elevated accumulation of glycerophospholipids, sterols, unsaturated fatty acids and betaine relative to NRTs, which are crucial for maintaining membrane stability and osmoregulation. Enrichment analysis revealed that the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway, participating in both lipid metabolism and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, was specially enriched in RBCs. DEGs associated with JA and salicylic acid signaling pathways showed markedly higher upregulation in RBCs than in NRTs, indicating stronger stress-responsive signaling in RBCs under salinity stress. Notably, azelaic acid (AZA), a lipid signaling molecule, was accumulated at higher levels in RBCs. Exogenous AZA application increased the production of RBCs and improved cotton seedling salinity tolerance. Taken together, higher accumulation of membrane-stabilizing and signaling lipids, as well as stronger JA/SA signal transduction promote salinity tolerance in RBCs. These findings expand our understanding of plant metabolic alterations in response to salinity stress and offer potential targets for improving cotton salinity tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121184"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of LBD genes in the medicinal plant Panax ginseng reveals the roles and molecular mechanisms of PgLBD18 and PgLBD49 in regulating lateral root development","authors":"Yihan Wang,&nbsp;Ping Wang,&nbsp;Peng Di,&nbsp;Yingping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Panax ginseng</em> C. A. Meyer (<em>P. ginseng</em>) is a valuable medicinal plant with significant therapeutic and economic importance. The development of its lateral roots (LRs) is closely associated with the accumulation of bioactive compounds, particularly ginsenosides. To elucidate the genetic basis of lateral root development in <em>P. ginseng</em> and uncover the regulatory mechanisms of the <em>LBD</em> gene family in this process, this study conducted the first genome-wide identification of the <em>LBD</em> transcription factor family in <em>P. ginseng</em>. A total of 73 <em>PgLBD</em> genes were identified, and phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into two major categories: Class I (84 %) and Class II (16 %). Evolutionary analysis revealed that segmental duplication served as the primary mechanism for family expansion, with most genes undergoing purifying selection during evolution. Through expression profiling and functional validation, we identified <em>PgLBD18</em> (IAA-inducible) and <em>PgLBD49</em> (LR-specific) as key regulators of LR development. Overexpression of <em>PgLBD18</em> in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> (<em>A. thaliana</em>) significantly increased both LR number and length in an IAA-dependent manner. <em>PgLBD18</em> mediates LR development via an auxin-dependent pathway, with its expression being directly activated by PgARF through binding to the AuxRE element (754–933 bp promoter region). In contrast, PgLBD49 promotes LR development through an auxin-independent mechanism by forming heterodimers with PgARF to stabilize transcriptional complexes and enhance downstream gene expression. These two genes coordinately optimize root system plasticity through dual regulatory pathways of “transcriptional regulation-protein interaction”, demonstrating their crucial roles in LR development. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which the “PgARF-PgLBD module” mediates auxin signaling to regulate LR development in <em>P. ginseng</em>. It proposes a novel strategy for targeted modulation of <em>LBD</em> genes to optimize root architecture in medicinal plants, offering practical significance for improving ginsenoside accumulation in medicinal tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 121232"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daidzin from Pueraria thomsonii regulate root plasticity and cell proliferation","authors":"Shiyan Yue ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Ye ,&nbsp;Tiegui Nan ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Luqi Huang ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root plasticity is essential for optimizing crop yields and ensuring survival under stress. However, the regulatory roles of root-enriched secondary metabolites in developmental processes have remained largely unexplored. <em>Pueraria thomsonii</em>, a leguminous species distinguished by its rare tuberous roots, exhibits remarkable isoflavonoid accumulation. Chemical quantification and <em>in vitro</em> functional analyses have identified daidzin as a key regulator of root architectural plasticity in this species. Using an integrated approach combining <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> (L.) root phenotyping system, cellular thermal shift assays (CETSA) and thermal proteome profiling (TPP), daidzin was demonstrated to modulate root development via stem cell-related processes and auxin signaling pathways. Specifically, daidzin led to the reduced auxin levels, silenced <em>DR5::GFP</em> expression in the stele, and suppressed PIN protein expression accompanied by a lateral shift in PIN2 polarity. Furthermore, daidzin decreased SHR, SCR, PLT1, and PLT2 protein levels while increasing WOX5 and CYCD6;1 accumulation. In the <em>wox5</em> mutant, daidzin inhibited root elongation, whereas in the <em>p35S:WOX5-GR</em> transgenic line, it enhanced root elongation and attenuated starch granule degradation. These findings reveal that WOX5 functionally counteracts daidzin-mediated root growth inhibition. Furthermore, daidzin stimulated cell proliferation in <em>Pueraria thomsonii</em> (Benth.) and induced root thickening in <em>Panax quinquefolius</em> (L.). Collectively, these results suggest that daidzin's coordinates root architectural plasticity by modulating auxin transport, polarity, and stem cell niche maintenance, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for enhancing root development in economically important crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 121228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}