Inflammopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Olive oil and castor oil-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of flurbiprofen can relieve peripheral pain and inflammation through reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers: a comprehensive formulation and pharmacological insights.","authors":"Mazaghul Basar, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Furqan Akhtar, Fareeha Anwar, Ammara Saleem, Asadullah Madni, Zulcaif Ahmad, Ali Sharif, Bushra Akhtar, Uzma Shakoor, Aslam Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01632-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01632-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flurbiprofen (FBP) is poorly water-soluble BCS class II drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, used to treat arthritis and degenerative joint diseases. This study was aimed to develop SNEDDS loaded with FBP. Six SNEDDS using two oils olive oil (F<sub>1OLV</sub>, F<sub>2OLV</sub>, F<sub>3OLV</sub>) and castor oil (F<sub>4CAS</sub>, F<sub>5CAS</sub>, F<sub>6CAS</sub>) with three different Smix ratios consisting of Tween 20 and PEG 400 (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) were prepared and characterized. Compatibility between FBP and polymers was investigated using FTIR. SNEDDS were characterized for physicochemical attributes. Two optimized formulations were investigated at 10 mg/kg dose given orally in Wistar rats for analgesic activity by hot plate and tail flick methods, and anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema method. Anti-inflammatory activity was further explored by motor coordination and motility by Rota rod and cage activity tests. Following anesthesia blood samples were collected before dissection to measure inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress markers. Sciatica nerves and hind paws of rats were also removed for histopathological evaluation. FTIR studies revealed compatibility of FBP with other components. Droplet size of F<sub>1OLV</sub>, F<sub>2OLV</sub>, F<sub>3OLV</sub> was 128.5 ± 0.7 nm, 202.5 ± 1.3 nm, and 541.5 ± 1.7 nm, whereas it was 142.5 ± 1.1 nm, 215.4 ± 1.2 nm and 349.9 ± 1.8 nm for F<sub>4CAS</sub>, F<sub>5CAS</sub>, F<sub>6CAS</sub>. %EE of F<sub>1OLV</sub>, F<sub>2OLV</sub>, F<sub>3OLV</sub> was found 85 ± 4.89%-91 ± 4.67%, whereas the %EE F<sub>4CAS</sub>, F<sub>5CAS</sub>, F<sub>6CAS</sub> was 84 ± 4.15%-90 ± 4.21%. DSC curves of F<sub>1OLV</sub> and F<sub>4CAS</sub> revealed amorphous nature of the FBP. SEM showed spherical shape of globules. % of drug released in the pH medium 1.2 for plain FBP, F<sub>1OLV</sub> and F<sub>4CAS</sub> was 25%, 59% and 57%. % drug released in the pH 6.8 for plain FBP, F<sub>1OLV</sub> and F<sub>4CAS</sub> was 59%, 85% and 83%. Oral administration of FBP-loaded SNEDDS (F<sub>1OLV</sub> and F<sub>4CAS</sub>) significantly decreased paw diameter and enhanced motor coordination in rats when compared to the disease control group. This was linked to the ability of FBP to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, with histological studies indicating decreased tissue damage in SNEDDS treated groups, implying the possibility of tissue recovery. Administration of both formulations started to demonstrate analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects after one hour of administration. In addition to anti-inflammatory effect, both formulations improved motor coordination, motility, and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells in the inflamed paws. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were attributed to decreased serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, increased activity of SOD and reduced nitrite content in sciatic nerves. Histopathological evaluation revealed reduced vasculari","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"353-379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic applications of eucalyptus essential oils.","authors":"Riham A El Shiekh, Ahmed M Atwa, Ali M Elgindy, Aya M Mustafa, Mohamed Magdy Senna, Mahmoud Abdelrahman Alkabbani, Kawther Magdy Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01588-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01588-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eucalyptus essential oils (EEOs) have gained significant attention recently anticipated to their broad range of prospective benefits in various biological applications. They have been proven to have strong antibacterial properties against a variety of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This makes them valuable in combating infections and supporting overall hygiene. The active compounds present in these oils can help alleviate inflammation, making them valuable in addressing inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, respiratory ailments, and skin disorders. Respiratory health benefits are another prominent aspect of EEOs. Inhalation of these oils can help promote clear airways, relieve congestion, and ease symptoms of respiratory conditions like coughs, colds, and sinusitis. They are often utilized in inhalation therapies and chest rubs. They can be used topically or in massage oils to alleviate muscle and joint pain. Furthermore, these oils have shown potential in supporting wound healing. Their antimicrobial activity helps prevent infection, while their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties contribute to reducing inflammation and pain associated with wounds. In aromatherapy, EEOs are renowned for their invigorating and uplifting qualities, promoting mental clarity, relaxation, and stress relief. Overall, EEOs hold great promise in biological applications, offering a natural and versatile approach to promote health and well-being. Continued research and exploration of their therapeutic potential will further unveil their benefits and broaden their applications in various fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"163-182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11799053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiostrepton: multifaceted biological activities and its applications in treatment of inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Aiminuer Asikaer, Cai Sun, Yan Shen","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01587-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01587-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thiostrepton (TST) is a naturally occurring oligopeptide antibiotic with a demonstrated capacity to antagonize a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria. It has been utilized as a safe antimicrobial agent in veterinary medicine. Despite its therapeutic potential, the clinical application of TST has been constrained by its poor solubility and bioavailability. However, an increasing number of studies indicate that TST possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including its significant role in microbe resistance and cancer countering. Notably, recent studies have pointed out that TST also possesses anti-inflammatory potential. It has exhibited promising therapeutic efficacy across various in vivo and in vitro disease models, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, psoriasis-like inflammation, and periodontitis. In this review, we describe the various pharmacological activities of TST, particularly its anti-inflammatory activity demonstrated in a variety of inflammatory diseases and the underlying mechanisms. These effects highlight the potential of TST as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of inflammation diseases and for enhancing cellular therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"183-194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in drug delivery system of flavonoids with a special emphasis on the flavanone naringenin: exploring their application in wound healing and associated processes.","authors":"Ankit Chowdhury, Bapi Gorain, Papiya Mitra Mazumder","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01600-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01600-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous flavonoids have been identified in citrus fruits which show potential to cure several complex diseases. These natural polyphenolic bioactive compounds are the secondary metabolites of various plants, among which naringenin has been explored in several pre-clinical research for its beneficial role in promoting health by modulating various biochemical processes. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial effects have been projected toward healing of wounds. Further, its application has also been shown to regrow vascular networks, which are known to facilitate the healing of chronic wounds. Thus, the potential of naringenin to modulate various molecular pathways aids in the healing process of wounds. Considering the recent literature, an update has been attempted to present the correlation between the healing mechanisms of wounds by the application of naringenin. Furthermore, the application of naringenin is challenging because of its properties of poor solubility and limited permeability, which can be overcome by the nanotechnology platform. Thus, several nanocarriers that have been employed for the improvement of naringenin delivery are highlighted. Thereby, it can be concluded that a suitable nanocarrier of naringenin could be an effective tool in treating wounds to improve the quality of life of such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"69-90"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of molecular interactions responsible for anti-inflammatory attributes of GI friendly micro-sized formulation of flurbiprofen and clove oil.","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Zubair, Mohamed Farouk Elsadek, Sajid Asghar, Khalid S Al-Numair, Malik Saadullah, Shafqat Rasul Chaudhry, Thomas Efferth, Muhammad Asif","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01611-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01611-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clove oil obtained from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) is traditionally employed to treat inflammation associated with rheumatism, gastric disorders, and as an analgesic. Chemo-herbal combinations are known to have potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, while mitigating the drug related side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of a combination of flurbiprofen and clove oil in a micro-emulsion (FCM) form using various in vivo models. Micro-emulsion of flurbiprofen and clove oil (FCM) was prepared following reported protocols and three different dose combinations (25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/kg) were evaluated in carrageenan and histamine-induced acute inflammation, CFA-induced arthritis, yeast-induced pyrexia, and acetic acid-induced writhing models. qPCR studies were conducted to explore the possible mechanism of action. GC-MS of clove oil was performed to explore its chemical composition. FCM 25 mg/kg treated group exhibited significantly better (p < 0.05) effects compared to clove oil (CM) and flurbiprofen (FBR) (25 mg/kg) treated groups in both acute and chronic models. Histopathological study of joints showed a reduction in infiltration of inflammatory cells, bone erosion, and tissue oedema in FCM (25 mg/kg) treated group as compared to other treatment groups. Significant up-regulation in mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes (NF-κB, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and COX-2) was observed in all the FCM-treated groups but, 25 mg/kg-treated group showed comparatively better results. Gross macroscopic examination of stomach sections also showed relatively less deleterious effects of test treatments (CM and FCM) as compared with FBR treated group. Serum levels of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were also found to be normal as compared to FBR and tween-water (TW) treated groups. GC-MS of clove oil revealed that it was rich in eugenol contents.  This study reveals that a combination of flurbiprofen and clove oil in a micro-emulsion form could be a promising approach to enhance therapeutic actions and to mitigate synthetic drugs related side effects in clinical settings. It might implicate a synergistic action on the modulation of inflammatory genes expression. Further research is warranted to explore the full potential of this combination in treating various inflammatory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"241-256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the anti-inflammatory pentoxifylline on psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions: exploring various off-label utilities with meta-analyses.","authors":"Ahmed Ramzi, Subhia Maya, Nadeen Balousha, Mufreh Amin, Robert Charles Powell, Mostafa Ramzi Shiha","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01616-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01616-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic inflammation has been linked to many psychiatric disorders, and therefore, pertinent anti-inflammatory therapies have been empirically evaluated for management. An enduring example of long-term safety, attainability, and versatility has been pentoxifylline (PTX). PTX is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that modulates inflammatory mediators and affects most blood components and the blood vessels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Major databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PTX in psychiatric and neuropsychiatric disorders until September 25, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>21 RCTs were included. Five studies evaluated clinical depression: four on major depressive disorder (MDD) and one on bipolar patients experiencing treatment-resistant depression. PTX significantly reduced depressive symptoms in MDD in the four double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, with the three studies combining PTX and SSRIs showing statistically significant improvements in response rates. Ten RCTs on cognitive impairment reported beneficial effects, particularly in vascular dementia. Meta-analyses support its efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, asthenia, and inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exploring the effects of PTX on psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions has provided considerable support for its utility across various disorders, most notably in moderate to severe major depressive disorder (as adjunctive therapy with SSRIs) and cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (as monotherapy). Relevantly, the potential of PTX across a wide range of conditions might prove beneficial in cases of co-occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11799099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Across-the-board review on Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant.","authors":"Rufaida Wasim, Sumaiya, Asad Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01627-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01627-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a cataclysmic pandemic. Several SARS-CoV-2 mutations have been found and reported since the COVID-19 pandemic began. After the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants, the Omicron (B.1.1.529) is the most recently emerged variant of concern (VOC), which has evolved as a result of a high number of mutations, particularly in the spike protein, raising concerns about its ability to evade pre-existing immunity acquired through vaccination or natural infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a review based on studies published from November 2021 to September 2024.</p><p><strong>Result and discussions: </strong>The current article discusses the advent of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, its key characteristics and significant global health concerns, as well as measures for dealing with it in the context of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic. Various mutations in Omicron have been discussed that contribute to increased transmissibility and immune evasion from vaccine-induced or natural immunity acquired after infection. To understand the similarities and differences between different VOCs and Omicron, we conducted a comparative investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strengthening research, improving genomic surveillance and tracking, developing highly effective vaccines and immunotherapies, designing appropriate strategies, action plans, and future preparedness plans must all be prioritized and implemented quickly at global levels to mitigate the high global health concerns associated with the emergence of this new Omicron variant well before it causes large-scale COVID-19 outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms in animal models.","authors":"Muhammad Muzammil Nazir, Iqra Farzeen, Shahla Fasial, Asma Ashraf","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01612-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01612-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Berberine (BBR), an alkaloid derivative mostly found in Oregon grapes and barberry shoots, has several medical properties, including anti-microbial, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. As such, it is a superior alternative to presently recommended medications. From previous researches, which showed that BBR has anti-arthritic qualities by blocking a number of inflammatory signalling pathways. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that BBR attenuates Beclin-1, which reduces autophagy-mediated survival of mature adipocytes. BBR has also been identified as an AhR inducer and a promoter of Treg differentiation. Berberine has been shown in earlier studies to be useful in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in animal models. The pharmacological effects and possible action pathway of Berberine were evaluated in this study. We looked through three databases-PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar-for pertinent research published from the time the databases were created and August 2024. This risk-of-bias measure was used to evaluate the methodological quality. Utilising RevMan 5.4, the statistical analysis was conducted. There were 12 studies in this research with 175 animals. The findings showed that Berberine lowers the levels of IL-1β, IL-17, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), paw swelling, and histopathological scores. These connected to the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and osteoprotective qualities of berberine. Nonetheless, further superior animal research is required to evaluate berberine impact on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Additionally, more research is needed to validate berberine safety. Considering the significance of the active component, further research is needed to determine the best dose and increase berberine bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"215-229"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized clinical study to evaluate the possible antifibrotic effect of zinc sulfate in chronic HCV patient receiving direct-acting anti-viral therapy.","authors":"Sahar M El-Haggar, Dina S Attalla, Mostafa Elhelbawy, Dalia R El-Afify","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01628-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01628-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the potential antifibrotic impact of zinc sulfate in chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) patients receiving direct-acting antiviral therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled study included 50 chronic HCV-infected patients with fibrosis stage (F1 & F2). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 (Control group, n = 25) received standard direct-acting antiviral therapy for 3 months, while Group 2 (Zinc group, n = 25) received 50 mg/day of zinc sulfate in addition to the standard direct-acting antiviral therapy for the same duration. Baseline and 3-month post-intervention assessments included evaluating serum levels of hyaluronic acid, transforming growth factor beta-1, and fibronectin. Furthermore, indices of liver fibrosis, such as the Fibrosis Index based on the 4 factors (FIB-4) and the Aspartate Transaminase-to-Platelet-Ratio Index (APRI), were calculated during these assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, the two studied groups had no statistical difference in demographic and laboratory data. After treatment, serum zinc levels significantly increased in the zinc-treated group compared to the control group. Additionally, serum fibronectin and hyaluronic acid levels were significantly reduced in group 2 (zinc group) compared to group 1 (control group). Moreover, zinc group showed lower APRI scores than the control group after a 3-month follow-up period, but there was non-significant difference in FIB-4 scores between the two groups after treatment. Furthermore, total bilirubin levels were reduced after zinc therapy for 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administering zinc sulfate could potentially serve as a safe and efficient therapeutic strategy for the management of hepatic fibrosis in individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05465434, On 19/7/2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11799079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacodynamics and safety in relation to dose and response of plant flavonoids in treatment of cancers.","authors":"Cijo George Vazhappilly, Seba Alsawaf, Shimy Mathew, Noora Ali Nasar, Maheen Imtiaz Hussain, Noor Mustapha Cherkaoui, Mohammed Ayyub, Serin Yaser Alsaid, Joshua George Thomas, Asha Caroline Cyril, Wafaa S Ramadan, Ayshwarya Lakshmi Chelakkot","doi":"10.1007/s10787-024-01581-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-024-01581-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the recent advancements in developing bioactive nutraceuticals as anticancer modalities, their pharmacodynamics, safety profiles, and tolerability remain elusive, limiting their success in clinical trials. The failure of anticancer drugs in clinical trials can be attributed to the changes in drug clearance, absorption, and cellular responses, which alter the dose-response efficacy, causing adverse health effects. Flavonoids demonstrate a biphasic dose-response phenomenon exerting a stimulatory or inhibitory effect and often follow a U-shaped curve in different preclinical cancer models. A double-edged sword, bioflavonoids' antioxidant or prooxidant properties contribute to their hormetic behavior and facilitate redox homeostasis by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. Emerging reports suggest a need to discuss the pharmacodynamic broad-spectrum of plant flavonoids to improve their therapeutic efficacy, primarily to determine the ideal dose for treating cancer. This review discusses the dose-response effects of a few common plant flavonoids against some types of cancers and assesses their safety and tolerability when administered to patients. Moreover, we have emphasized the role of dietary-rich plant flavonoids as nutraceuticals in cancer treatment and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"11-47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}