Inflammopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Salidroside and inflammation-linked disorders: integrative insights into the pharmacological effects and mechanistic targets.","authors":"M V N L Chaitanya, Deepshikha Patle, Sachin Kumar Singh, Avijit Mazumder, Rakesh Kumar Sindhu, Kamal Dua, Navneet Khurana, Prince Arora","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01964-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01964-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salidroside (SAL), a phenylpropanoid glycoside found in Rhodiola rosea L. roots, is one of the plant's most essential active components. Few studies have shown that it has many health advantages, particularly because it helps combat inflammation, prevent cell death, and protect cells from harm. Research indicated that SAL may protect cardiac myocytes from oxidative stress and enhance glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. It also significantly enhanced mitochondrial activity and prevented cell death in pheochromocytoma cells, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, and cardiomyocytes. Besides its advantages for cellular function, SAL is recognised for its protective effects on the heart and brain. Animal studies have shown efficacy in reducing lung damage induced by LPS and sepsis resulting from caecal ligation and puncture in murine models. SAL seems to enhance insulin resistance via activating a route that links mitochondria to AMPK, PI3K, Akt, and GSK-3β. Aqueous preparations of Rhodiola rosea have shown metabolic benefits by reducing blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats, an effect that is negated upon adrenal gland removal. The extensive array of pharmacological effects underscores the considerable therapeutic potential of SAL. Despite the well-documented advantages of SAL, research gaps persist regarding optimal dose, long-term safety, and comprehensive effectiveness comparisons in clinical environments. To assist researchers and clinicians in the biomedical sector in filling in the gaps in their knowledge and gaining a comprehensive picture of SAL's therapeutic applications and mechanisms, this review compiles the numerous results on these topics. It aims to simplify complicated material and highlight areas that need more investigation by integrating our present knowledge of SALs and their sources, biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, pharmacological effects, and molecular processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the preclinical efficacy of naringenin in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of in vivo studies.","authors":"Muhammad Muzammil Nazir, Ayesha Batool, Muhammad Asad Sajid, Asma Ashraf","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01965-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01965-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent inflammation, joint destruction, and systemic complications. Despite the availability of conventional therapies, limitations such as adverse effects and incomplete remission necessitate alternative treatment options. Naringenin, a flavanone found abundantly in citrus fruits, exhibits anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for RA. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of naringenin in preclinical in vivo models of RA by synthesizing available evidence on its therapeutic effects on clinical, biochemical, and histopathological parameters. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubChem, Google Scholar, and Science Direct following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Twelve eligible in vivo studies were identified using established inclusion criteria. Data were extracted for arthritis scores, paw volume, body weight, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, histopathological outcomes, and cartilage degradation enzymes. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4, and effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) under a random-effects model. Naringenin significantly reduced arthritis severity (SMD = - 3.50), paw volume (SMD = - 1.78), and levels of TNF-α (SMD = - 4.94), IL-6 (SMD = - 2.97), IL-1β (SMD = - 5.55), and IL-17 (SMD = - 1.22), while improving antioxidant defenses (SOD, GSH) and reducing oxidative stress (MDA). It also improved histopathology and body weight, and decreased cartilage-degrading enzymes (MMP-3, MMP-9). Heterogeneity was generally low to moderate across analyses. Subgroup analyses revealed that therapeutic outcomes varied by arthritis model, dosage, and treatment duration. Naringenin demonstrates strong anti-arthritic effects in animal models through modulation of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and joint pathology. These findings support its potential as a candidate for further investigation in clinical settings. However, translational studies and human trials are essential to validate its safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics in RA management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on metformin for osteoarthritis treatment.","authors":"Ben-Zheng Li, He-Xin Wei, Shu-Zhi Li, Yong-Ze Yang, An-Ren Zhang, Hong-Zhang Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01902-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01902-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease among middle-aged and elderly individuals. Metabolic syndrome (Met S), a group of clinical conditions characterized by abnormal metabolic processes, includes obesity as one of its primary risk factors. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant association between metabolic syndrome and osteoarthritis. Metformin, a classical hypoglycemic agent, is commonly prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not achieve adequate control through diet and physical activity alone. Metformin has gradually gained attention in the treatment of OA due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic function-enhancing properties. This review summarizes the latest research on metformin by examining recent clinical and animal studies, systematically analyzing its mechanisms, and assessing its clinical potential in treating OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ozone therapy and the role of the glutathione pathway.","authors":"Salvatore Chirumbolo, Marianno Franzini, Umberto Tirelli, Luigi Valdenassi","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01953-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01953-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) represents a multi-target intervention that engages redox modulation, endothelial repair, nitric oxide bioavailability, and immune reprogramming. In contrast, intravenous glutathione (IV-GSH) provides only transient antioxidant support without activating upstream adaptive pathways. Using an ODE-based mechanistic model, we evaluated the contribution of the GSH/GSSG system against other ozone-activated networks. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that GSH/GSSG accounts for only a minor fraction of the therapeutic benefit (< 10% in adults, ~ 2% in elderly), while endothelial/NO and Nrf2-driven adaptive responses dominate. Forecasted recovery trajectories over six months showed ozone rapidly drives near-complete recovery, whereas IV-GSH plateaus at negligible improvements. These results highlight that OOT is not a simple antioxidant therapy but a systemic bioregulatory treatment, particularly effective in immune, inflammatory, nociceptive, and degenerative disorders. Glutathione plays a supportive role but cannot substitute ozone's multi-pathway efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspirin's effect on macrophages beyond its chemopreventive role in inflammation and cancer.","authors":"Nese Unver","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01945-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01945-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aspirin's antineoplastic activities are primarily executed by irreversibly prohibiting COX-1 in platelets, hindering platelet activation and the subsequent release of compounds that promote tumor development and metastasis. Activated platelets may enhance cancer cells' metastatic potential via direct interaction and/or the release of soluble mediators by inducing COX-2 overexpression. Aspirin's chemopreventive effects may be mediated by COX-independent mechanisms, such as suppressing NF-kB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. On the other hand, aspirin's effects on macrophages include inflammation resolution, cytokine regulation, and increased phagocytosis. Aspirin has a dual action mechanism, inhibiting macrophage-driven inflammation while simultaneously actively encouraging resolution by increasing phagocytic capacity and anti-inflammatory signaling. These effects occur via both dose-dependent and dose-independent routes and may differ between acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Key factors, such as macrophage infiltration, immunophenotype, and polarization, are required to appropriately evaluate aspirin's effects and assess its role in the progress of inflammatory disorders and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the secret of cellular metamorphosis: the crucial role of EndMT mechanisms in COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Xia Tong, Ruijie Hou, Pengbo Wang, Yan Mo, Lanlan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01927-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01927-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in several long-term complications, with COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis being a significant concern. Despite increasing recognition, the mechanisms underlying its development, effective treatment strategies, and long-term outcomes remain poorly understood. Emerging research highlights the direct impact of SARS-CoV-2 on vascular endothelial cells, identifying endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as a key factor in the progression of COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, there is a notable lack of comprehensive reviews addressing the link between EndMT and COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. This review seeks to fill that gap by providing an in-depth analysis of the relationship between EndMT and fibrosis, examining relevant risk factors and molecular pathways. Our findings offer critical insights that could inform the development of targeted anti-fibrotic therapies aimed at mitigating COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis. Ultimately, this review aims to advance understanding of the role of EndMT in pulmonary fibrosis and to guide future research and treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroprotective effect of nifuroxazide against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats via modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB p65, and apoptotic caspase-3 signaling pathways.","authors":"Sara S Aboelmagd, Dina M Khodeer, Ahmed E Khodir, Naglaa F El-Orabi","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01948-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01948-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric ulcer (GU) is a common gastrointestinal disease linked to the consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with traditional therapies often causing several adverse effects and drug interactions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The primary aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of nifuroxazide at three different doses against indomethacin-induced GU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were pretreated orally once daily for 14 days with either nifuroxazide (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) or famotidine (25 mg/kg), the standard reference drug. After 24 h of fasting, a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg indomethacin was used to induce GU. Six hours later, rats were anesthetized using ketamine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nifuroxazide dose-dependently mitigated the rise in ulcer index, retained gastric mucin content, and alleviated histopathological changes. These gastroprotective effects were due to the attenuation of oxidative stress, evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Furthermore, nifuroxazide lessened gastric mucosal inflammation by lowering gastric high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) expressions, as well as serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, nifuroxazide mitigated apoptosis by inhibiting immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nifuroxazide has the potential to be repurposed as a novel gastroprotective therapy that restores gastric mucosal barrier integrity via the mitigation of gastric oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of fosfomycin: an overlooked potential in a well-known antibiotic.","authors":"Ali Darabniya","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01968-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01968-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fosfomycin, a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic, has recently gained interest for its potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects beyond its well-established antimicrobial activity. Emerging evidence from preclinical studies demonstrates that fosfomycin suppresses key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, while enhancing anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10. It modulates essential intracellular pathways by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling and reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Fosfomycin also influences immune cell function by limiting neutrophil migration and activation, suppressing T-cell proliferation, and decreasing B-cell immunoglobulin production. In addition, it promotes tissue regeneration through enhanced collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and improved wound healing in experimental models. These combined effects suggest a dual therapeutic role for fosfomycin, both in controlling infection and modulating inflammatory responses. Despite promising preclinical results, clinical evidence on its immunomodulatory effects remains limited, with most human studies primarily addressing its antibacterial efficacy. This review summarizes current knowledge on fosfomycin's non-antibacterial properties, highlights its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and infectious diseases, and identifies research gaps that warrant further investigation. Overall, fosfomycin emerges as a promising adjunctive agent, particularly in conditions such as sepsis, chronic wounds, and sterile surgical inflammation, where excessive immune activation impairs recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the blood-brain barrier: unraveling T cell subsets in CNS immunity and disease.","authors":"Mustafa M Shokr","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01955-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01955-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complicated interplay between the central nervous system (CNS) and immune system is critical for both neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. T lymphocytes are key players in CNS immunity, with distinct subgroups that work in a highly dynamic and, sometimes, antagonistic manner depending on the disorder. This review covers T-cell subgroups with a focus on pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells and their role in mediating neuronal death and demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke, as well as the neurotoxic nature of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the neuroprotective and immunosuppressive roles of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that promote CNS homeostasis. In answer to the overwhelming need for effective pharmacotherapy, we overview of available pharmacotherapies that have the potential to target the aforementioned T-cell subsets. Treatments ultimately include broad-spectrum immunosuppressants, highly specific monoclonal antibodies, and new small-molecule inhibitors. Clinical data are added whenever possible to assess how these therapies interact with T-cell activity to restore immune balance in the CNS. This review highlights the evolution of treatment progress and the growing paradigm shift towards precision medicine through the targeting of T-cell subsets in neuroinflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasmine sambac L. essential oil attenuates inflammation and pain via TRPV1.","authors":"Sahar Jaffal, Aluck Thipayarat, Samer Alqaraleh, Jakrapop Wongwiwat, Pattarin Supanivatin","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01929-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01929-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain and inflammation are complex physiological responses. The drugs that are available in the market have multiple side effects. Thus, the search for safer effective therapeutics became a significant area of research. In this study, Jasmine sambac L. essential oil, which is aromatic and therapeutic in nature, has been studied for its potential anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities as well as its mechanism of action. The findings from this research indicated that the intraplantar (ipl) administration of jasmine essential oil to the animals produced anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. In addition, jasmine essential oil showed significant inhibition of pain responses compared to the control group in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and immersion tail-flick test. These findings suggest that jasmine oil exhibits anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in animals. More data are needed to determine its therapeutic value in human clinical trials. The anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects were mediated by the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a key pain receptor. The chemical composition of jasmine essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the bioactive constituents that can be responsible for these effects. The results showed that the oil consists of active constituents with various therapeutic activities as reported in earlier studies. Thus, jasmine essential oil can be utilized as a complementary therapy for pain and inflammation treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}