Inflammopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"NLRP3 inflammasomes pathway: a key target for Metformin.","authors":"Yasamin Hosseini, Amirhossein Niknejad, Ayeh Sabbagh Kashani, Mahsa Gholami, Mahtab Roustaie, Mohammad Mohammadi, Saeideh Momtaz, Stephen L Atkin, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01702-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01702-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, Leucine rich Repeat and Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a signaling pathway that is involved in inflammatory cascades, cell survival and the immune response. NLRP3 is activated by cellular damage, oxidative stress, and other factors that stimulate the immune system. Stimulation of NLRP3 induces inflammatory reactions and the production of inflammatory cytokines. These inflammatory mediators are implicated in several diseases. Metformin (MET) is an anti-hyperglycemia agent that is extensively used in clinical practice worldwide due to its high efficiency, safety profile, and affordable price. MET is the only member of biguanide class that is used in clinical practice and a potent AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist with proven anti-inflammatory characteristics. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, MET is considered to be effective against diseases that have an inflammatory background, and the NLRP3 pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of these disorders. In this review, we have evaluated the evidence if MET can affect this pathway and its utility for future therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of zoledronic acid combined with calcium and calcitriol in the treatment of senile osteoporosis in elderly patients.","authors":"Yi Zhang, Yuan Tian, Xiaojun Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01683-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01683-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effectiveness and safety of combining zoledronic acid with calcium supplements and calcitriol in treating primary osteoporosis in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-eight elderly patients with primary osteoporosis were recruited. They were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the CC group (calcium carbonate D3 tablets + calcitriol soft capsules) or the CCZ group (calcium carbonate D3 tablets + calcitriol soft capsules + zoledronic acid injection). The treatment duration was 1 year. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism markers, quality of life (QoL), clinical efficacy, and incidence of adverse reactions (ARs) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CCZ group showed increased BMD in the lumbar spine (L1~L4 segments), femoral neck, and hip after treatment relative to CC group. Serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, cross-linked type 1 collagen C-terminal peptide, and N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen decreased, while osteocalcin levels increased. The QoL Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis scores decreased (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). The clinical effective rates were 76.93% in the CC group and 92.31% in the CCZ group, with AR rates of 23.08% and 12.82%, respectively (P < 0.05 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zoledronic acid treatment in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis demonstrates significant efficacy by increasing bone density, improving bone metabolism, enhancing QoL, and exhibiting high safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasminum humile extract mitigates carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats by modulating inflammatory and antioxidant signalling pathways.","authors":"Mehreen Fatima, Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis, Mohd Adnan, Nawaf Alshammari, Abdel Moneim Elhadi Sulieman, Muhammad Rashid Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01692-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01692-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Jasminum humile is widely used in traditional medicines to treat hard lumps, mouth inflammation, ringworms, and other infections. Leaf decoction of the plant is known to be effective in treating various skin conditions. In addition, root juice is traditionally utilized as a remedy for ringworm infections. Studies have reported that J. humile contains various antioxidant metabolites with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, J. humile chloroform extract (JHC) was investigated for anti-inflammatory effects against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rat models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High-performance liquid chromatography was used to examine phenolic compounds present in JHC. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities were investigated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema rat models, while indomethacin was referred to as positive control. Therapeutic properties of JHC were examined by assessing paw volumes, motility score, and inflammatory proteins in serum. The anti-inflammatory nature of JHC was further investigated by biochemical and hematological profiles along with genetic expression of inflammatory and antioxidant genes through qRT-PCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Indomethacin at 10 mg/kg and JHC at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses decreased the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) while upregulating the concentration of albumin and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Moreover, JHC administration reduced the expression levels of inflammatory markers, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) compared to the Carr-treated control. However, a significant rise was induced in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) levels after JHC treatment as compared to Carr-treated rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results showed significant anti-inflammatory potential of J. humile by increasing the activity levels of enzymatic antioxidants and lowering inflammatory markers. These results confirm the beneficial use of natural plants in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kirenol ameliorates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the ERK and JNK phosphorylation-mediated NFκB pathway in mice.","authors":"Frank Cheau-Feng Lin, Shih-Pin Chen, Sheng-Chien Lin, Ching-Chi Tseng, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai, Yu-Hsiang Kuan","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01693-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01693-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pathological condition characterised by varying degrees of lung damage in patients. Kirenol exerts anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antioxidative effects. We investigated the protective effects of kirenol on lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI in mice. Pretreatment with kirenol significantly ameliorated lung oedema and neutrophil infiltration in ALI mice. Kirenol downregulated the chemokines (MIP-2) expression and the adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) secretion. Furthermore, kirenol inhibited the production of the proinflammatory mediators nitric oxide and prostaglandin (PG)E2 through the upstream factors iNOS and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, respectively. Kirenol suppressed the IKK-IκB-NFκB pathway, which is involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Kirenol inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, to a lesser extent, p38 MAPK and Akt. In conclusion, our findings suggest that kirenol exerts ameliorative effects against ALI by suppressing the production of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and proinflammatory mediators and inhibiting the IKK-IκB-NFκB pathway and its upstream factors, phosphorylated ERK and JNK.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use quercetin for pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xuanyu Wu, Xiang Xiao, Yuchen Su, Yuwei Zhang, Ganggang Li, Fei Wang, Quanyu Du, Han Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01678-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-025-01678-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an age-related interstitial lung disease, which lacks effective drug treatment at present. Quercetin has been shown to have favorable anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, and preliminary evidence suggests its potential efficacy and tolerability in PF patients. However, a comprehensive systematic review and evaluation of the protective effects and potential mechanisms of quercetin in PF models remains to be completed. Therefore, we conducted this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to the April 1, 2024. CAMARADES was the methodological quality assessment tool. And statistical analyses were conducted with R and Stata 16.0. Origin was used for a three-dimensional (3D) dosage-intervention duration-efficacy model for quercetin treatment of PF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 studies, encompassing 44 independent experiments and involving 1019 animals, were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that quercetin significantly mitigated lung pathological tissue scores and the expression of lung fibrosis markers in PF animal models. Furthermore, quercetin significantly ameliorated inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and myofibroblast activation, cell senescence and apoptosis, and the markers expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Quercetin did not show significant hepatic and nephrotoxicity. The 3D dosage-intervention duration-efficacy model indicated that a dosing period over 20 days and dosages range of 5-100 mg/kg were appropriate modalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Herein, our study highlights the potential of quercetin in the treatment of PF and the available mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gefitinib as an antimalarial: unveiling its therapeutic potential.","authors":"Varun Gorki, Neha Sylvia Walter, Monika Chauhan, Neelima Dhingra, Upma Bagai, Sukhbir Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01682-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-025-01682-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resistant strains of Plasmodium spp. pose a great threat to healthcare. Drug repurposing is a smart, and an effective way to look for new alternatives for different ailments including malaria. Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) play a crucial role in growth, maturation as well as differentiation of Plasmodium and this study explores antimalarial activity of PTKs inhibitor gefitinib using in silico and experimental approaches. The drug showed considerable inhibitory activity against P. falciparum 3D7 (IC₅₀ 0.49 µg/mL) and RKL-9 (IC₅₀ 0.83 µg/mL) strains. Isobologram analysis revealed substantial synergism between gefitinib and artesunate. Gefitinib illustrated highest negative D-score towards phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase followed by PfPK5 and CDPK1. Its acute toxicity was 4 g/kg. Gefitinib (100 mg/kg) exhibited a dose-dependent curative activity against P. berghei with 91.09% chemo-suppression and the combination of gefitinib 100 mg/kg and AS 50 mg/kg exhibited complete parasite clearance with no recrudescence which was also evidenced by cytokine analysis, biochemical as well as histopathological studies. At length, gefitinib illustrated considerable antiplasmodial action by targeting phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase, PfPK5 and CDPK1. The combination of gefitinib (100 mg/kg) and AS (50 mg/kg) holds promise for malaria treatment. Further, research is being done to evaluate its pharmacokinetic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1357-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of multi-dose tranexamic acid in hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Chen Rui, Guangchun Dai, Chuwei Tian, Shaoyang Zhou, Yucheng Gao, Mumin Cao, Wei Wu, Shengbo Qin, Yunfeng Rui","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01679-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-025-01679-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tranexamic acid (TXA) is considered a potential therapeutic approach to mitigate postoperative inflammatory responses; however, its anti-inflammatory effects remain controversial. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aiming to investigate the efficacy of multi-dose TXA in exerting anti-inflammatory effects in hip and knee arthroplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified potential relevant literature evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects of TXA in patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine randomized controlled studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results indicated that, compared with lower doses of TXA, multi-dose TXA significantly reduced the inflammatory markers IL-6 and CRP in patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty and shortened the length of hospital stay, with statistically significant results. Nonsignificant differences were found in the incidence of thromboembolic events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the current evidence, our results indicate that multi-dose TXA effectively reduces postoperative inflammatory responses in patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty. This anti-inflammatory effect is dose-dependent and is accompanied by a reduction in the length of hospital stay. Nonetheless, further high-quality, multicenter, large-sample-size randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of TXA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"917-928"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on calcitonin gene-related peptide in the management of gastrointestinal disorders.","authors":"Rajesh Sandu, Jagtar Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01657-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-025-01657-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders caused by alcohol, Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, chronic stress and sedentary lifestyle is on the rise. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a 37-amino acid neuropeptide, has emerged as a protective factor against various gastrointestinal issues. Despite its known benefits, the dual role of CGRP in gastrointestinal damage remains unclear. Discovered 30 years ago through alternative RNA processing of the calcitonin gene, CGRP is known to be a potent vasodilator involved in crucial defensive mechanisms for both physiological and pathological conditions. Promising evidences from preclinical research have attracted the interest of scientists for the exploration of CGRP as a therapeutic neuropeptide. Numerous evidences suggest that this neuropeptide is secreted by the neurons under the influence of endogenous as well as exogenous stimuli. CGRP repairs the gastric mucosal barrier and maintain mucosal integrity by suppressing NF-κB activation, thereby reducing tumour necrosis factor-alpha expression. In addition, recent studies suggest that CGRP modulates immune responses and enhances epithelial cell proliferation, further contributing to its cytoprotective effects. Consequently, CGRP and the CGRP secretagogues represent promising novel targets for clinical applications. This review aims to elucidate the role of CGRP and CGRP secretagogues in the management of gastrointestinal disorders, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent in the context of evidence-based modern gastroenterology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1043-1059"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential role of NSAIDs loaded nano-formulations to treat inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Ishrat Zahoor, Rajni Bala, Shahid Nazir Wani, Samrat Chauhan, Reecha Madaan, Rajesh Kumar, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, Irfan Ahmad Malik","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01644-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-025-01644-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation is a necessary immunological response that promotes survival and preserves tissue homeostasis, a common characteristic linked to various diseases. However, in some circumstances, the inflammatory response is deleterious and contributes to disease pathogenesis. Anti-inflammatory substances have poor affinity for inflamed tissues, resulting in low concentrations in the target tissue and a higher incidence of severe adverse effects. To address this issue, several potential approaches have been proposed, such as chemical modification of drug molecules and the development of nanocarriers for drug delivery. Since the development of nanotechnology at the beginning of the twenty-first century, researchers have been using the pathophysiological characteristics of inflammation, primarily leaky vasculature, and biomarker overexpression to develop nanomedicines that can deliver therapeutics via passive and active targeting mechanisms to sites of inflammation and produce therapeutic effects. Drug carriers based on nanoparticles can enhance the safety and efficacy of drugs by increasing their capacity, enhancing their solubility, combining several drugs, protecting them from metabolism, and regulating their release. An approach that shows promise in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases is the application of nanomedicines. Nanomedicine involves nanoparticles that have been loaded with a therapeutically active component. Nanomedicines can target inflammation by recognizing molecules highly expressed on endothelial cells or activated macrophage surfaces, enhancing the permeability of vessels, or even by biomimicry. A review of the research findings shows significant potential for the use of nanotechnology to enhance the quality of life for people using NSAIDs for chronic disorders by minimizing drug side effects or the duration of administration. After a brief introduction to inflammation, its various forms- acute and chronic inflammation, and the pathophysiology of inflammation, this review highlights the main innovative nanocarriers utilized for carrying various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have been utilized in treating various inflammatory disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1189-1207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic dermatitis: a comprehensive updated review of this intriguing disease with futuristic insights.","authors":"Heidi M Abdel-Mageed","doi":"10.1007/s10787-025-01642-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10787-025-01642-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a paradigmatic prevalent, long-lasting, and inflammatory skin condition with a diverse range of clinical manifestations. The etiology and clinical symptoms of AD are influenced by complex pathophysiological processes, which involve a strong genetic component, epidermal dysfunction, and immunological dysregulation, and a strong influence of other physiological and environmental factors. The FDA has approved targeted and well-tolerated immunomodulators including biologics like dupilumab and crisaborole, and small molecules such as baricitinib, as novel therapies for AD. They effectively treat AD but are too expensive for most patients. The review provides an update on the state of knowledge of AD pathogenesis, discusses the available diagnostic and scoring indices, and provides a scientific foundation for treatment methods for AD. This review also presents data on clinical efficacy of innovative treatments' considering recent guidelines, emphasizing the newest medications and ongoing trials. Finally, the new implication of artificial intelligence (AI) in AD management is explored, where AI can speed up diagnosis and therapy. The PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases were used for this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":13551,"journal":{"name":"Inflammopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1161-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11914373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}