Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"The clinical significance of SNAIL, TWIST, and E-Cadherin expression in gastric mesentery tumor deposits of advanced gastric cancer.","authors":"Haiyan Wu, Yanping Chen, Huimei Lin, Yanchang Xu, Zipei Guo, Zhixiong Li","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_659_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_659_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the relationships among the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors (SNAIL, TWIST, and E-Cadherin) and clinicopathological parameters and gastric mesangial tumor deposits (TDs) in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients and their value in gastric cancer prognosis judgment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data of 190 patients who underwent radical resection of ACG were analyzed retrospectively, including 75 cases of TDs (+) and 115 cases of TDs (-). The expression of EMT-related transforming factors Snail, Twist, and E-cadherin in the primary tumor, paracancerous normal tissues, and TDs was detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SNAIL and TWIST were overexpressed in primary tumors and TDs, whereas E-Cadherin was down-expressed in primary tumors. SNAIL was correlated significantly with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastases, and TDs (P < 0.05); TWIST was correlated strongly with tumor location, lymph node metastases, and TDs (P < 0.05); E-Cadherin was correlated closely with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastases (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that SNAIL expression was correlated with DFS (P < 0.05), and TWIST expression was correlated with OS (P < 0.05). Tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and TWIST expression were prognostic-independent risk factors of AGC patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The occurrence and development of gastric cancer and the formation of TDs may be related to EMT, analyzing the expression of EMT-related transforming proteins may be helpful to judge the prognosis of gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of curcuma longa extract and significance of mordant as an alternative for eosin in H and E: A comparative study.","authors":"M P Rubina, Sukesh, V Soumya, T K Mohammed Safeer, K B Riyas Basheer","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_720_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_720_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) staining is a common and routine staining method used in Histopathology. In origin, Hematoxylin is natural and Eosin is a synthetic dye. Synthetic dyes are widely accepted due to its staining efficiency. However, due to synthetic and toxic properties, natural alternatives have gained importance. In this present study, Curcuma Longa rhizome (Turmeric) extract with and without mordant are examined as a natural substitute for Eosin in H and E staining. This study assessed the staining quality of Turmeric (H and T) compared to Eosin (H and E) and the significance of mordant in H and T staining.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comparative study is conducted in a Histopathology laboratory in a tertiary care hospital. Five tissue specimens were collected and stained with H and T with mordant, H and T without mordant, and conventional H and E stain. Two independent pathologists examined the quality of each stain. The results are graded as excellent, good, and poor. These results are statistically compared and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Staining quality of Turmeric and Eosin are comparable to each other. At the same time, Turmeric gives yellow color instead of pink in Eosin. The result also shows that the addition of mordant in Turmeric significantly improves the staining quality.</p><p><strong>Interpretation and conclusion: </strong>Turmeric with mordant can be used as an alternative stain to synthetic Eosin in H and E staining.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"697-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of real-time polymerase chain reaction in diagnosing Hepatitis E, the commonest cause of acute hepatitis in adult patients seeking institutional care.","authors":"Divya Namdeo, Pratima Shrivastava, Garima Garg, Ashish K Vyas, Ram K Nema, Abhishek Singhai, Shashwati Nema, Debasis Biswas","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_693_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_693_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This cross-sectional study was performed with the aim of determining the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among acute hepatitis patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital in a developing country and to determine the relative performance of prevalent diagnostic assays in establishing its diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 46 adult patients were included in this study, all of whom presented with jaundice of <4 weeks' duration and elevation of AST and ALT above 500 U/L. The prevalence of HEV among patients with acute hepatitis was calculated on the basis of the proportion of recruited patients reacting positively in serum anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the recruited patients, 11 (23.91%) and 15 (32.6%) patients were positive for anti-HEV IgM and RT-PCR, respectively. The two tests demonstrated poor inter-test agreement, thereby implying the necessity of performing both tests for reliable diagnosis of acute HEV virus infection. We also observed a significant difference in the duration of illness between RT-PCR positive and negative patients (P = 0.008). The mean (±SD) duration of illness in the two groups was 8.6 (±3.50) and 11.66 (± 5.15) days, respectively. Combining the results of IgM ELISA and RT-PCR, we observed that 23 out of 46 patients (50%) had evidence of acute HEV virus infection among our patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that HEV is the commonest cause of acute hepatitis in adult patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital and that the diagnostic algorithm for its confirmation should include both IgM ELISA and RT-PCR assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"810-814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal scar endometriosis: A case report and review of literature.","authors":"Vijayan Sharmila, Vandana Kamatham, Arundhathi Shankaralingappa","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_460_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_460_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Abdominal wall or cutaneous endometriomas are quite uncommon with an incidence of less than 1%. Abdominal wall endometrioma can occur in a previous surgical scar, commonly following obstetrical and gynecological surgeries. Cutaneous endometriosis is difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms and is often confused with other dermatological and surgical diseases thereby delaying the diagnosis and management. We are reporting a case of scar endometriosis at the site of previous cesarean scar involving the rectus sheath. The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare condition are being discussed. Awareness of the clinical features and presentation of this rare condition is essential for timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"871-873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70762469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) introduction on the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.","authors":"Himadri Bhusan Bal, Sarita Kar, Sarita Otta, Sujeet Kumar, Suryakanta Samal, Archana Pattnaik, Sunil Swick Rout, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Dasarathi Das, Sanghamitra Pati, Sidhartha Giri","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_666_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_666_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compared to conventional microscopy, the cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF, Cepheid, USA) has the dual advantage of higher sensitivity to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the ability to detect rifampicin resistance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the CBNAAT on the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from private and public healthcare facilities in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included specimens received between June 2015 to February 2017 from public and private health sectors for tuberculosis diagnosis at a national reference laboratory for tuberculosis in Bhubaneswar, where the CBNAAT was initiated in February 2016. We retrospectively collected the patients' socio-demographic characteristics from their test request form, CBNAAT results from the CBNAAT register and PMDT culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) register and validated the data by comparing the patient details and test results from the CBNAAT software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From June 2015 to January 2016, 106 samples were received from Bhubaneswar at the reference laboratory, of which there were zero referrals from the private sector and zero referrals of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) samples. After initiation of the CBNAAT, from February 2016 to February 2017, 1262 specimens were received, of which 55.2% (696/1262), 17.8% (225/1262), 17.2% (217/1262), and 9.8% (124/1262) were from government hospitals and medical colleges, private hospitals, private practitioners, and district TB centers, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The availability of TB diagnostics at public sector facilities to patients from private sectors and the rollout of the CBNAAT increased the referral of patients from private health facilities and the referral of paucibacillary non-sputum samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"764-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver metastasis of breast carcinoma: An unusual presentation and growth pattern.","authors":"Mine Özşen, Nesrin Uğraş, Ömer Yerci, Adem Deligönül","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1235_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1235_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast carcinoma is one of the tumors that frequently metastasize to the liver. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) usually occurs due to insufficient medullary hematopoiesis. In this case report, we present a female patient with sinusoidal breast carcinoma metastasis and extramedullary hematopoiesis in liver biopsy. A 63-year-old female patient with history of breast carcinoma was admitted to our center with respiratory distress. Pleural effusion was detected and thoracentesis was planned. Treatment was given after detection of non-mycobacterial tuberculosis bacillus in the thoracentesis fluid. Antibiotherapy was terminated due to elevation of liver enzymes and bilirubin. The patient's clinical status was evaluated and treatment was re-initiated. The patient did not have any mass lesion in the liver. Tru-cut biopsy was performed to evaluate a possible tuberculosis involvement in the liver. The diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma located in the sinusoidal area and cholestatic liver with extramedullary hematopoiesis foci was given using the histomorphological, immunohistochemical and histochemical findings. Radiological evaluation has an important role in staging of malignancies. However, it should be kept in mind that hepatic metastases may present without formation of a mass lesion, and unexpected laboratory results of cases without abnormal radiological features should raise the suspicion of a metastasis. Such materials should be evaluated in detail by making multiple serial sections in the pathology laboratory. Rare metastatic tumor growth patterns not causing a mass lesion such as sinusoidal or portal pattern, should also be kept in mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"877-879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70762245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD68 expression in the placenta of gestational diabetic mothers: A case-control study.","authors":"Ratna Gosain, Rohini Motwani, Hari Anupama","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_99_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_99_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy and is the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy. Significant maternal and fetal complications can result from undiagnosed or inadequately treated GDM.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the difference in the expression of the CD-68 marker in the Hofbauer cells (HCs) and their distribution within the villi in the placentas of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty placentas were included in the study, 30 as controls and 30 from mothers with diagnosed GDM as cases. Full-thickness cross sections of placentas were obtained. Tissue processing was done, followed by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). A study of CD68 markers (placental macrophages) was done using standard protocols of immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Frequencies and percentages of Hofbauer cells (HCs) found in case and control placental tissue were calculated. Student's t-test was used to compare two groups using SPSS 13.0 software. When P is 0.0001, differences were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>We studied the distribution and number of fetal macrophages (CD68+) in diabetic and non-diabetic placentas. The immunostained CD68+ cell count was identified to be significantly higher in the GDM placenta. In relation to fetal blood vessels in the villus stroma of the GDM placenta in comparison to control, CD68+ cells were found more frequently. This study shows a significant increase in the number of Hofbauer cells in the placenta of mothers with GDM in comparison to control (P < 0.0001). An increase in macrophages in these placentae might be related to the protective mechanism against inflammation. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanism in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"727-731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) masquerading as hilar cholangiocarcinoma: An unusual presentation of jaundice.","authors":"Rohit O Mundhada, Amit N Chopde, Reshma Kharat, Swapnil Rane, Mahesh Goel, Shraddha Patkar","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_900_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_900_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jaundice usually occurs in the late stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obstructive jaundice is rarely seen as an initial presentation of HCC, as opposed to cholangiocarcinoma. Various causes of obstructive jaundice in these cases also known as \"Icteric HCC\" have been described such as tumour thrombi, compression, infiltration or tumours arising from native hepatocytes in the bile duct. We present a case of 74-year-old gentleman with \"Icteric HCC\" that clinically and radiologically mimicked cholangiocarcinoma for which the patient underwent left hepatectomy with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Histopathology revealed dilated large duct with polygonal sheets of cells of hepatoid morphology which stained diffusely positive for both glypican 3 and Hep-par 1. The epicentre was in the left hepatic duct with no discernible liver lesion and the tumour probably originated from the ectopic hepatocytes within the biliary duct The patient was disease free at 1.5 years of follow up. In conclusion, HCC should be a differential for obstructive jaundice. Patients with such \"Icteric HCC\" benefit from surgical resection with favourable outcomes. The prognosis in such patients is better than in patients of HCC with jaundice due to hepatic insufficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"880-882"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual direct immunofluorescence (DIF) pattern in pemphigus herpetiformis- A case report.","authors":"Rawat Kavita, Azad Sheenam, Bahal Neelima, Bisht S Jitender","doi":"10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_879_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_879_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is an autoimmune intraepithelial bullous skin disorder. A 61-year-old female presented with history of multiple pruritic erosions, ulcers all over body, and diffuse loss of hair over scalp. Oral and genital mucosas were uninvolved. Subcorneal separation with suprapapillary thinning of epidermis, neutrophilic spongiosis, and elongation of rete ridges were seen on histopathology. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) revealed IgG deposits in intercellular zone in fish net like pattern and focal linear IgA deposits along basement zone. Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) revealed antibodies to desmoglein1 (Dsg-1) positive. A final diagnosis of PH was given. The patient responded well to treatment with dapsone and steroids.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"852-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70763201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma displaying immunohistochemical expression of BCOR-A report of two cases of a novel tumor entity.","authors":"Varsha Wagh, Santosh Menon, Amita Maheshwari, Sudeep Gupta, Kedar K Deodhar, Bharat Rekhi","doi":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1021_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1021_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several defining molecular alterations have recently been identified underlying high-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas, such as YWHAE: NUTM2A/B fusions, ZC3H7B: BCOR fusions, and BCOR internal tandem duplication (ITD). BCOR is a useful immunohistochemical marker for identifying these tumors. A 37-year-old lady was presented with a 10-cm-sized tumor in the pouch of Douglas, involving the vaginal vault, bilateral adnexa, and peritoneum. A 53-year-old lady with a prior hysterectomy was presented with a 12-cm-sized tumor in the vault with abdominal deposits. Histopathological examination of both tumors revealed atypical cells comprising oval to spindle-shaped nuclei, a variable amount of myxoid stroma, and mitotic figures exceeding 10/10 high power fields. Immunohistochemically, the former tumor was diffusely positive for CD10, and the second tumor displayed patchy staining. Both tumors were positive for BCOR. Estrogen receptor (ER) showed variable staining in both tumors. By fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), both tumors lacked YWHAE gene rearrangement. Both tumors had an aggressive clinical course, including extensive involvement This constitutes the first report of BCOR-positive high-grade sarcomas involving the female genital tract from our subcontinent. BCOR is a useful immunostain for identifying these relatively aggressive tumors. The differential diagnoses and the prognosis of these ultra-rare tumors are discussed herewith.</p>","PeriodicalId":13488,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"829-833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70761249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}