Indian Journal of Extension Education最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge Level of the Farmers about Hybrid Rice Cultivation in Jammu District","authors":"Rashmeet Kour, P S Slathia, Rajinder Peshin, B C Sharma, Abhijit Samanta, Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59424","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid rice technology is crucial for securing the food security of the burgeoning population of India. The study carried out in 2021 aims to assess the knowledge level of farmers regarding hybrid rice technology. Three specifically chosen sub-divisions of Jammu District; Marh, Akhnoor, and R.S. Pura, having the cultivation of hybrid rice and using the proportionate and purposive random techniques 38 from R.S. Pura, 13 from Akhnoor and 99 respondents from Marh, making a total sample size of 150 hybrid rice growers. A standardized knowledge test with reliability 0.86, was developed for assessing the knowledge level of hybrid rice growers. The Cube root method was applied to devise different knowledge categories of hybrid rice growers, which varied from medium to high. According to the results of the ANOVA test, there was no discernible difference between the knowledge levels of hybrid rice growers in the three sub-divisions.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Composite Livelihood Security and its Determinants Among Rural Households","authors":"M. Mishra, S. Ravi, A. Verma, A. Gupta, S. Dubey","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59209","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted during 2022 in Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh to analyze the livelihood security of rural households. Data was collected from 515 households through personal interview method using kobo collect. Landless and marginal farmers were more food insecure in the region. Forty four % of the households were food insecure. Composite livelihood security index was constructed using six domain indicators viz., habitat, health, economic, food, nutrition and social participation security. The weight for each domain indicator was derived from principal component analysis. The composite livelihood security index was 0.44 among the respondents. The livelihood security was high for medium farmers (0.46) followed by small farmers (0.45). Farming experience, social participation, livestock possession, income, calorie intake, body mass index and wealth significantly influenced the livelihood security. Lack of awareness on pest and disease control and poor price realization were the major constraints faced by the farmers. Technological, institutional and policy interventions are necessary to enhance their livelihood status.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82007056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitude of Farmers Toward National Horticulture Mission in Haryana","authors":"Bas Kaur, S. Chander, S. Baloda, A. Godara, Sahil Boora, Manisha K","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59135","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of people in India are dependent directly or indirectly on agricultural sector, which is the country’s largest economic sector. In 2005–06, the Indian government introduced the National Horticulture Mission, a program for the comprehensive development of horticulture, in recognition of the incredible potential of horticulture to promote the expansion of Indian agriculture. The present study was undertaken in the year 2022 to assess the attitude of beneficiary’s farmers towards National Horticulture Mission in Sirsa and Karnal districts of Haryana. A total of 120 farmers were personally interviewed for the purpose of the study and revealed that 43.33 per cent of the respondents had a favourable attitude towards NHM. The type of family, size of horticultural land holding and their socio-economic status, level of education, size of land holding, annual income from horticulture crops, annual family income, mass media exposure had significant association with attitude towards NHM. Establishment of proper cold storage facilities for perishable horticultural crops and more efficient system for diffusion of information to the farmers so that they can adopt new practice efficiently is recommended.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79584481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Livelihood Security of Integrated Farming Systems Practicing Farmers through Different Enterprise Combinations in Andhra Pradesh","authors":"T. Chandana, P. Praveena, T. Lakshmi, D. Subramanyam, B. Reddy","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59121","url":null,"abstract":"The present study described the sustainable livelihood security of integrated farming systems practicing 189 farmers through different enterprise combinations in Chittoor district of Rayalaseema region, East Godavari from Coastal region and Srikakulam from North Coastal region during 2020-21. Indicators under each dimension of sustainable livelihood security were selected by item analysis. Out of 52 indicators, finally 25 indicators of sustainable livelihood security were selected based on relevancy weightage and mean relevancy score. The results revealed that majority of the farmers practicing Integrated Farming System had permanent asset creation (54.50%), food and nutritional security (53.97%), economic security (53.97%), input recycling (52.38%), occupational security (51.32%), financial security (50.79%), environmental security (47.09%) and social security (42.33%). The overall sustainable livelihood security index was nearly half (47.62%) among the farmers in medium category. Most of the farmers were having medium and high sustainable livelihood security due to integration of more enterprises which enabled optimum utilization of available resources through recycling resulting in more income, employment, and more food security throughout the year.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83159564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Assured Transit Time for Perishable Farm Produce on Enhancing Farmers’ Income: A Case Study of Kisan Rail in Context of Mann Ki Baat","authors":"S. Dubey, Raghwendra Singh, A. A. Rau, D. Kolekar, T. Athare","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59301","url":null,"abstract":"Transporting the farmers’ produce from field to market in shortest possible time has great potential to curtail farmers’ risk on net profit. Keeping this in view, the Government of India took initiative to operationalize Kisan Rail in August 2020 to fill this gap. The initiative got a fillip through its elaboration in a radio program named Man Ki Baat. The study aimed to answer the research question whether the Mann Ki Baat episode had effect on framers’ knowledge and decision to avail the rail services. Applying a case study approach, the study was carried out in four states of India growing prominent fruit crops including grapes, guava, pomegranate and mango and transporting the produce by Kisan Rail from the site of production to distant places. The respondents selected for the study comprised of 8 groups of 20-25 farmers each. Thus, the total sample size for all the four fruit crops included was 200 respondents. The data were collected using personal interviews and Focus Group Discussions and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that an appreciable number of farmers got sensitized, and mobilized to avail the services of Kisan Rail after 77th episode of ‘Mann Ki Baat’ (aired on 30th May, 2021). With increasing probability of getting benefits through access of ‘Kisan Rail’, farmers perceived that the risk percentage of perishable agro-produce got minimized. Grape grower farmers from Nasik (Maharashtra)earned a net profit of Rs. 70.0 Lakh by supplying 22.2 thousand quintal by using Kisan Rail. Whereas, pomegranate farmers of Solapur (Maharashtra) supplied 2.0 thousand quintals of pomegranate and earned a net profit of Rs. 5.40 Lakh. From Raipur, farmers’ group transported 0.54 thousand quintals of guava and earned the net profit of Rs. 0.54 Lakh. The highest net profit of Rs. 28000/ q was secured by mango transportation (2.50 th.q) by a group of farmers from Chikkaballapur (Karnataka). The study suggests that kisan rail facilitated the transport of farmers’ produce from one place to another, secured higher net profit, and minimized the losses, and reduced the involvement of middleman.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89404884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change Impact in the Tribal Localities of High Rainfall Zone of Tamil Nadu","authors":"R. Arunachalam","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59319","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in the high rainfall zone of Tamil Nadu during the years 2022- 23 to document the impact of climate change, assess awareness and perception of the tribal communities and to suggest suitable strategies. The study was conducted in two tribal dominant villages of Kanyakumari district with 60 tribal respondents selected using simple random sampling technique. The PRA methods such as focused group discussion, seasonal calendar, time line and interactive group meetings were employed to document the climate based issues and further categorized in to eco system based, livelihood based and socio cultural life based. On these impacts, awareness and perception of the respondents were assessed. Standardized interview schedule was employed for data collection. The results showed a marginal increase in the maximum temperature and minimum temperature. Marginal declining trend was observed in relative humidity and rainfall distribution compared with the base year value. The wind behaviour showed an erratic variation. Respondents faced different issues on their livelihood, ecosystem and socio-cultural life. It has been suggested to establish a separate climate based nodal agency to address the issues of climate change in the tribal localities.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89222720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildlife Conflict and Prevention Strategies Adopted by Farmers and Forest Officials","authors":"D. Meena, B. Meena, Gopal Sankhala, S. Garai, H. Meena, Madhu Latha C.","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59229","url":null,"abstract":"Human-wildlife conflict is unfavorable interactions between people and wild animals that hurt both people and their resources as well as wildlife and their habitats. The study was conducted in the year 2021-2022 in the surrounding villages of Ranthambore Tiger Reserve to understand the type of conflict and strategies adopted to prevent conflict. Garret ranking method was used to assess degree of vulnerability of crops and livestock towards wild animals and vice versa and strategies to prevent conflict. Farmers have grown 10 types of crops among them maize and among livestock goat was highly preferred by wild animals. Farmers mostly followed seven strategies to prevent conflict out of seven, fencing around the field and guarding crops and livestock by humans was found most effective strategies and eight practices were followed by forest officials to prevent conflict out of eight, boundary wall around the reserve area was most effective practice.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78572103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Situation Analysis of Small-scale Mushroom Enterprises of Meghalaya in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Th Onchoila Maring, Loukham Devarani, R. Singh, L. Hemochandra","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59115","url":null,"abstract":"As a remunerative agri-business, mushroom farming is growing as an alternative source of income for the rural population. Meghalaya has climate highly suitable for mushroom cultivation and thus the Government of Meghalaya has taken up various interventions to popularize mushroom cultivation. The study was taken up in the East Khasi Hills and Ri-Bhoi districts of the state during 2020-2022 to analyse the situation of the mushroom enterprises in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which impacted people and businesses all throughout the world. SWOT analysis and TOWS matrix were used for analysing the internal and external factors. The perceptions of 60 growers towards selected SWOT items were recorded. Important strength item was “climatic condition is congenial for mushroom” and the weaknesses was “restriction as well complexity in the mobility of the goods and persons”. For opportunities, “generates employment opportunities” had the highest score and for threats, “Unavailability of spawn” had the highest score. The study suggests establishment of mushroom based FPOs for ease of access to inputs and market for small-scale producers, the development of local spawn entrepreneurs for the accessible and timely supply of quality spawn and the creation of ICT based platform for reaching out to various backward and forward actors.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78807810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Enhancement of Landless and Marginal Farmers through Entrepreneurship Training on Goat Farming","authors":"Saurabh Sharma, Ravindra Singh","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59412","url":null,"abstract":"The study focused on assessing the cognitive effectiveness of entrepreneurial development training on goat rearing for landless and marginal farmers in Maharashtra’s Beed district carried out during 2020-21. A group of Twenty-five farmers were selected based on WhatsApp messages sent to registered KVK groups and a newspaper announcement. The training covered housing, disease management, improved goat breeding, feeding, feed preparation, and marketing intelligence. It was found that education level, socio-economic status, scientific interest, land ownership, social engagement, and marketing skills positively influenced knowledge acquisition. The trainee’s knowledge gained to the tune of 172 per cent more in seven days of training compared to the benchmark. Goat production and management including wildlife corridor preservation and promoting local vegetation through controlled grazing were key aspects. The study emphasized the importance of goat rearing training for farmers in the Beed district, showcasing substantial knowledge gains and identifying factors affecting participants’ learning outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135957722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost and Return Analysis of Tomato Cultivation in Haryana","authors":"Anamika k, Suman Ghalawat, Megha Goyal, Nirmal Kumar, Joginder Singh Malik","doi":"10.48165/ijee.2023.59404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59404","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out in Yamuna Nagar, Kurukshetra, and Karnal districts of Haryana during 2021-22. A total of 210 tomato growers were interviewed to collect data to study the thorough cost and return analysis of tomato cultivation. Tomato cultivation was a profitable venture for farmers with a BC ratio of 1: 1.86. The per hectare cost of cultivation was worked out to be Rs. 305701.14 of which major contributors were rental value of land (24.96%), picking/harvesting charges (15.44%), transportation (11.61%) and nursery raising/seed (5.74%). The gross return, return over variable cost and net return per hectare were Rs. 569528.28, 412210.72, and 263827.14 on an overall basis. The production cost per quintal of tomato was computed to be Rs. 707.23 per quintal. It was suggested that farmers should take tomato cultivation with a business and market-oriented approach to compete with the challenges of the glut situation and opt cooperative approach in the production and selling of crops to avail maximum profit by reducing the cost of inputs and transportation and ultimately improving bargaining and negotiating power for better price availing.","PeriodicalId":13471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135957902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}