IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and Neural Mechanisms of Robotic-Assisted Therapy in Upper Extremity Rehabilitation for Stroke Survivors: A Resting-State fMRI Study.","authors":"Yingnan Lin, Hewei Wang, Li Ding, Qingming Qu, Jianghong Fu, Yifang Lin, Jie Gu, Wenyu Wang, Xueli Shan, Sujing Xu, Jie Jia, Yanyan Huang","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robotic-assisted therapy (RAT) represents a promising adjunctive rehabilitation technology, however, its underlying neuroplastic mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. We aimed to elucidate the neuroplastic reorganization induced by RAT that mediates motor functional improvements in stroke survivors. Thirteen stroke survivors in the RAT group and 13 demographically/clinically matched in the conventional rehabilitation therapy (CRT) group underwent a 4-week rehabilitation intervention. Motor function was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper and lower extremity subscale (FMA-UE, FMA-LE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) at pre- and post-intervention timepoints. Concurrently, resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data were acquired for amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) computation and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant Group × Time interactions for both FMA-UE and FMA-LE (F(1,24) = 4.913, p＜0.05; F(1,24) = 4.778, p＜ 0.05). All motor outcomes displayed strong main effects of Time (all p < 0.001). Post hoc simple effects tests revealed significant within group gains in FMA UE for both RAT and CRT and in FMA LE for RAT only, with no between group differences at any single time point. Neuroimaging showed that increases in ALFF within the ipsilesional precentral gyrus correlated with improvements in both FMA-UE and FMA-LE. Compared with CRT, RAT strengthened interhemispheric functional connectivity between the precentral and postcentral gyri and between the precentral and supramarginal gyri. Together, these findings indicate that RAT promotes motor recovery by up regulating activity in the ipsilesional motor cortex and enhancing cross hemispheric sensorimotor integration, providing the direct evidence for mechanism of post stroke neural restitution.</p>","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An EEG-EMG-based Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface for Decoding Tones in Silent and Audible Speech.","authors":"Jiawei Ju, Yifan Zhuang, Chunzhi Yi","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speech recognition can be widely applied to support people with language disabilities by enabling them to communicate through brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), thus improving their quality of life. Despite the essential role of tonal variations in conveying semantic meaning, there have been limited studies focusing on the neural signatures of tones and their decoding. This paper systematically investigates the neural signatures of the four tones of Mandarin. It explores the feasibility of tone decoding in both silent and audible speech using a multimodal BCI based on electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG). The time-frequency analysis of EEG has revealed significant variations in neural activation patterns across various tones and speech modes. For example, in the silent speech condition, temporal-domain analysis shows significant tone-dependent activation in the frontal lobe (ANOVA p = 0.000, Tone1 vs Tone2: p = 0.000, Tone1 vs Tone4: p = 0.000, Tone2 vs Tone3: p = 0.000, Tone3 vs Tone4: p = 0.001) and in channel F8 (ANOVA p=0.008, Tone1 vs Tone2: p=0.014, Tone2 vs Tone3: p=0.034). Spectral analysis shows significant differences between four tones in event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) in the central region (p = 0.000) and channel C6 (p = 0.000). EMG analysis identifies a significant tone-related difference in activation of the left buccinator muscle (p = 0.023), and ERSP from the mentalis muscle also shows a marked difference across tones in both speech conditions (p = 0.00). Overall, tone-related neural differences were more pronounced in the audible speech condition than in the silent condition. For tone classification, RLDA and SVM classifiers achieved accuracies of 71.22% and 72.43%, respectively, using EEG temporal features in both speech modes. Additionally, the RLDA classifier with temporal features achieves binary tone classification accuracies of 90.92% (audible tones) and 91.00% (silent tones). The combination of EEG and EMG yields the highest speech modes decoding accuracy of 81.33%. These findings provide a potential strategy for speech restoration in tonal languages and further validate the feasibility of a speech brain-computer interface (BCI) as a clinically effective treatment for individuals with tonal language impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MCI Detection From Odor-Evoked EEG Using a Multibranch Attention-Based Temporal–Spectral CNN","authors":"Farhan Riaz;Muhammad Muzammal;Christos Frantzidis;Imran Khan Niazi","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616523","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3616523","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative condition often preceded by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which is marked by early-stage memory difficulties and reduced cognitive flexibility. Detecting MCI at an early stage is crucial for timely intervention and for improving long-term cognitive health and quality of life. In this paper, we aim to differentiate between normal subjects and those suffering from MCI based on odor-evoked brain potentials from EEG signals. To address this challenge, we used publicly available multichannel EEG data and calculated a set of temporal-spectral components using wavelets, spectral grouping, and canonical correlation. These features are fed separately into attention-based convolutional neural network (CNN) models, which are individually trained on each feature-set, leading to individual feature branches. Later, these branches are fed into a fully connected network for performing the classification task. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other methods considered in this paper. Ablation studies also reveal the individual strength of each set of features adopted in this study, along with their combined strength when the entire feature set is used for classification.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"4031-4043"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11187358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Bilateral Upper Limb Training Method for Stroke Rehabilitation.","authors":"Tong-Hun Hwang, Melanie Boltzmann, Simone B Jenner, Jens D Rollnik, Gerd Schmitz, Alfred O Effenberg","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-stroke individuals often experience upper limb sensorimotor impairments that limit their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Bilateral upper limb training (BULT) is essential in stroke rehabilitation, as many ADL tasks require bilateral coordination and benefit from enhanced interhemispheric coordination demands-the key aim of the method presented here. However, evidence supporting the superiority of BULT over unilateral upper limb training (UULT) is limited due to the complexity and limited accessibility of BULT devices in experimental and clinical settings. The low sensitivity of conventional motor function tests is also a serious obstacle to detecting subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. This paper introduces a novel, tablet-based BULT approach using a tetherball circling task within a simple non-immersive virtual reality (VR) application, incorporating wearable inertial sensors (ISs) on the wrists. In this study, 18 stroke patients and 18 healthy controls were asked to rhythmically tilt the tablet with both hands to rotate a virtual tetherball along a circular guideline. Task performance and forearm end-effector kinematics were analyzed using different parameters. Repeated measures ANOVA resulted in significant differences in task performance, asymmetry, and coordination characteristics. The findings indicate that the proposed BULT method is both effective for rehabilitation and sensitive to assess the subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. With its high accessibility and user-friendliness, the proposed method can support future BULT research and stroke rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Masked Multi-Task Learning Approach for Otago Micro Labels Recognition.","authors":"Meng Shang, Lenore Dedeyne, Jolan Dupont, Laura Vercauteren, Nadjia Amini, Laurence Lapauw, Evelien Gielen, Sabine Verschueren, Carolina Varon, Walter De Raedt, Bart Vanrumste","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) serves as a vital rehabilitation initiative for older adults, aiming to enhance their strength and balance, and consequently prevent falls. While Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems have been widely employed in recognizing the activities of individuals, existing systems focus on the duration of macro activities (i.e. a sequence of repetitions of the same exercise), neglecting the ability to discern micro activities (i.e. the individual repetitions of the exercises), in the case of OEP. This study presents a novel multi-task machine learning approach aimed at bridging this gap in recognizing the micro activities of OEP. To manage the limited dataset size, our model utilizes a Transformer encoder for feature extraction, subsequently classified by a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN). Simultaneously, the Transformer encoder is employed for masked self-supervised learning to reconstruct input signals. Results indicate that the masked unsupervised learning task enhances the performance of the supervised learning (classification task), as evidenced by f1-scores surpassing the clinically applicable threshold of 0.8. From the micro activities, two clinically relevant outcomes emerge: counting the number of repetitions of each exercise and calculating the velocity during chair rising. These outcomes enable the automatic monitoring of exercise intensity and difficulty in the daily lives of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Synergy Analysis of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain During Functional Tasks","authors":"Xin Zhou;Guohao Lin;Yiyang Chen;Xiong Zhao;Ben Cao;Jintian Chen;Qingguang Zhu;Lingjun Kong;Min Fang","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615417","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615417","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic low back pain (LBP) significantly impairs daily functional movements. Persistent pain may trigger alterations in neuromuscular control, particularly muscle coordination. However, muscle synergy patterns during specific functional tasks in patients with LBP remain unclear. We recruited 36 participants, including 18 patients with chronic LBP (the LBP group) and 18 healthy participants (the control group). Surface electromyography signals were recorded from ten trunk and lower-limb muscles during three common functional tasks: sit-to-stand, trunk flexion, and lifting. Muscle synergies were extracted via non-negative matrix factorization. Cosine similarity analysis and statistical parametric mapping were applied to evaluate spatial (motor modules) and temporal (motor primitives) differences between groups. Compared to the control group, participants with chronic LBP exhibited a reduced number of muscle synergies during sit-to-stand, indicating adaptive reorganization of motor modules. Although spatial muscle synergy structures were largely conserved between groups, significant temporal differences emerged in trunk flexion, particularly during eccentric phases. Patients with LBP showed prolonged and temporally shifted activation of spinal extensors and hip-pelvic stabilizers, suggesting compensatory mechanisms to mitigate spinal loading. Muscle contribution patterns during lifting tasks also differed significantly between groups, despite similar temporal activation. In conclusion, patients with chronic LBP demonstrate distinct muscle synergy adaptations characterized by reduced complexity, altered timing during eccentric trunk movements, and modified lower-limb recruitment strategies. Trunk flexion emerged as a particularly sensitive task for identifying neuromuscular deficits in LBP. These findings provide targeted insights for clinical rehabilitation, emphasizing eccentric trunk control, motor control timing, and lower-limb muscle retraining.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"3976-3985"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11184286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Eye-Tracking With Cortical Visual Prostheses in Patients Without Eyes: A Case Study","authors":"Dorota Waclawczyk;Leili Soo;Roberto Morollon Ruiz;Avi Caspi;Eduardo Fernandez","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615286","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615286","url":null,"abstract":"Cortical prostheses aim to provide artificial vision to blind individuals by electrically stimulating the occipital cortex to induce visual sensations called phosphenes. Previous research demonstrates that phosphene location is influenced by gaze position, despite fixed electrode placement in the occipital cortex. However, for patients without eyes, it is unclear whether intended eye movements can still modulate phosphene location and, if they do, whether these movements can be accurately recorded and incorporated into prosthetic control algorithms. As part of a clinical trial using intracortical electrical stimulation via a Utah array implanted into the early occipital cortex as a visual prosthesis interface, we had the opportunity to study a patient who lost both eyes due to traumatic injury. This patient currently wears cosmetic eyes. We initially investigated whether intended eye movements modulated the perceived location of phosphenes, and upon confirming their influence, we explored the possibilities for tracking these movements. We recorded the intended eye movements in four cardinal directions using electrooculogram (EOG) and a video-based eye-tracking system. These recordings were then compared with data obtained from a sighted control participant. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of tracking cosmetic eye movements and revealed a significant correlation between eye position and perceived phosphene locations. Then, we conducted behavioral search experiments in which the patient used intended eye movements to locate target objects present on a screen. The results show that the patient’s ability to accurately identify object locations using eye movements as recorded in real time with a video-based tracker on a cosmetic eye. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating gaze position into future visual prostheses, even in patients without eyes.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"3998-4007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11184282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Customizable, Adaptive SPring-Actuated Hand EXoskeleton (CASPHEX) Designed for Home-Based Training of Finger Movements Post-Stroke","authors":"Thanh Q. Phan;Mada Alghamdi;Mary Egwim;Sang Wook Lee","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615078","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3615078","url":null,"abstract":"Passive hand devices can provide a high-dose, home-based training to stroke survivors, while active robotic systems often present practical limitations for home use due to operational complexity and safety issues. Efficacy of current passive devices, however, is reduced by their limited functionality; while their assistance typically reinforces extrinsic hand muscle function, impairments in intrinsic muscle function cannot be addressed. Passive extension assistance can also interfere with grasping movements. Therefore, we developed a novel device, Customizable, Adaptive Spring-actuated Hand Exoskeleton (CASPHEX), which can provide targeted and adaptive assistance to hand muscles to counteract unique impairments of individual subjects. CASPHEX can also adapt to user intent to allow users to perform different hand movements (i.e., hand opening followed by grasping). A novel control algorithm was developed to 1) effectively counteract worsening flexor hypertonia during extension; and 2) allow users voluntarily to switch between modes (open/close) by detecting user intent. Its performance was first validated in an experiment with 5 healthy subjects, in which CASPHEX actuated different exotendons based on their intended joint movements, whose response times were <inline-formula> <tex-math>$615pm 53$ </tex-math></inline-formula>ms (proximal) and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$577pm 47$ </tex-math></inline-formula>ms (distal). In the second experiment with 11 stroke survivors, we tested if they can voluntarily control CASPHEX to perform functional tasks. CASPHEX significantly improved the range of motion of the participants during finger extension, and more importantly, their box and block test scores also significantly improved by CASPHEX assistance. CASPHEX demonstrated potential to improve efficacy of robot-assisted therapy by enabling impairment-specific, home-based training of the impaired hand.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"4018-4030"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11181215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Watching Positive Videos Facilitates Mental Fatigue Recovery: A Task fMRI Study","authors":"Xiaoyu Li;Kuijun Wu;Linze Qian;Sujie Wang;Xinyi Xu;Zhao Feng;Huaying Cai;Yamei Yu;Hongtao Wang;Yu Sun","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614861","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614861","url":null,"abstract":"Timely intervention for mental fatigue is necessary to mitigate adverse consequences and promote rapid recovery. As the mobile internet and new media platforms rapidly expand, people are increasingly watching videos during breaks. While positive emotions are known to boost cognition and behavior, their potential role in fatigue recovery and the underlying neural mechanisms remain underexplored. The present study aims to investigate the effect of watching positive videos on fatigue-related behavioral performance and brain network reorganization during the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Specifically, 27 participants underwent a two-session within-subject experiment during fMRI scanning, where each session consisted of a 30-min PVT with a 3-min mid-task break involving either watching positive videos or only resting. Behaviorally, both break strategies could reverse fatigue state transiently, but the <italic>positive-break</i> showed dominant immediate improvement on PVT reaction time compared to <italic>rest-break</i>. Moreover, the brain networks assessment showed divergent global efficiency alteration manifested by the immediate improvement after break but significant decrease towards the end of tasks in the <italic>positive-break</i> session, while showing an inverse trend in the <italic>rest-break</i> session. Furthermore, the nodal analysis revealed the delayed effect of <italic>positive-break</i> on nodal efficiency in the visual network. In sum, these findings underscore the potential of watching positive videos as a practical and accessible strategy for mitigating mental fatigue in demanding cognitive tasks, and indicate that watching positive videos not only affects the behavioral level, but also promotes fatigue recovery by dynamically regulating brain network, providing new evidence for understanding the emotion-cognition interaction underlying fatigue recovery.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"3965-3975"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11181213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individualized Target Selection of Closed-Loop Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Spontaneous Temporal Lobe Epilepsy","authors":"Yufang Yang;Haoqi Ni;Yuting Sun;Yanjie Xing;Chang Wang;Jianmin Zhang;Junming Zhu;Kedi Xu","doi":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614867","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3614867","url":null,"abstract":"Closed-loop neuromodulation holds significant promise for treating refractory epilepsy, but the lack of specificity and individualization considerably limits its clinical efficacy. Given the inherent complexity of epilepsy, which involves multiple brain regions and significant interindividual variability, a network-guided, personalized approach is essential. This study aims to develop precise, individualized neuromodulation strategies by leveraging unique brain network characteristics. Using a closed-loop system in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (cTLE) rats, continuous neural signals were analyzed to identify optimal stimulation targets via the Granger causality (GC) method. Results showed that brain network connectivity remained stable in the short term but changed significantly over time. GC-guided stimulation effectively reduced seizure duration, enhancing <inline-formula> <tex-math>$theta $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula> frequency band activity while suppressing <inline-formula> <tex-math>$gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> activity. Additionally, targeted stimulation briefly inhibited interictal spikes and suppressed high-frequency oscillations during seizures. These findings highlight the potential for personalized neuromodulation to improve epilepsy treatment outcomes and deepen understanding of its underlying mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":13419,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"4008-4017"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11181196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}